MARCOS TRIDIMENSIONALES

M.I. Octavio Garca Domnguez

PROBLEMA. Obtener los digramas de elmentos mecnicos del marco tridimensional.

Datos
Propiedades del material :
E := 1

G := 0.4E

Dimensiones de las secciones

Columnas

Vigas
0 .5

0 .4

0 .6

0 .4

Longitudes :
Lc := 4

Propiedades de elementos :

Lv5_6 := 5

Lv7_8 := 6

NB := 8

Columnas

Vigas

bc := 0.6

bv := 0.4

hc := 0.4

hv := 0.5

Areac := bc h c

Areav := b v h v

Pg.- 1

02/11/2008

02:57 PM

Definicin de ejes locales :

3

La inercia ms pequea es: I0 :=

Se propone :

Jc := 2 I0

bv hv
12

= 0.00267

Jv := 1.5I0

Clculo de inercias de barras :

I :=
Barra
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

( bc

Iy
0.007200
0.007200
0.003200
0.003200
0.002667
0.002667
0.004167
0.004167

hc bv h v I0

Iz
0.003200
0.003200
0.007200
0.007200
0.004167
0.004167
0.002667
0.002667

0.007

0.007
0.003
0.003
=
0.003
0.003
0.004

0.004

0.003

0.007
0.007

0.004

0.004
0.003

0.003
0.003

ESTADO 1 : Fuerzas de emportramiento en las barras

FE1 :=

BARRA
Fuerzas
FAX
FAY
FAZ
MAX
MAY
MAZ
FBX
FBY
FBZ
MBX
MBY
MBZ

ESTADO 2 : Fuerzas en los nudos

Metodologa :
F = Kd

K = A kd A

d=K

e = A d

P = kd e

Obtencin de la matriz de continuidad :

Clculo de vectores unitarios :

Nomenclatura

ux'

ux'x
= u x'y

ux'z

uy'

uy'x
= u y'y

uy'z

uz'

uz'x
= u z'y

uz'z

Pg.- 2

4

4
4
4
Longitudes de las barras Lo :=
5
5
6

6
02/11/2008

02:57 PM

Barras 1 a 4:

Para las barras 5 y 6:

0
ux'1 := 1

0

0
uy'1 := 0

1

1
uz'1 := 0

0

ux'2 = u x'1

uy'2 = u y'1

uz'2 = u z'1

ux'3 = u x'1

uy'3 = u y'1

uz'3 = u z'1

ux'4 = u x'1

uy'4 = u y'1

uz'4 = u z'1

Para las barras 7 y 8:

1
ux'5 := 0

0

0
uy'5 := 1

0

ux'6 = u x'5

0
ux'7 := 0

1

1
uy'7 := 0

0

0
uz'7 := 1

0

0
uz'5 := 0

1

uy'6 = u y'5

ux'8 = u x'7

uz'6 = u z'6

uy'8 = u y'7

uz'8 = u z'7

Matriz de continuidad para cada elemento:

( u )T

z'
L

( u )T
2 z'
L

T
( uz' )
L

u T
( y' )
A( u x' , u y' , u z' , L ) :=
L

T
( uy' )
2
L

u T
( y' )
L

T
ux'

cero

uy'

( uz' )T
L

( uz' )
2

uy'

( uz' )

cero

( uy' )

uz'

uz'

cero

cero
T

ux'

( uy' )T
L

( )
u y'

L
T

u x'

cero

0
0
0
ceroA :=
0
0
0

cero

T
u y'

T
u y'

cero

T
u z'

T
u z'

cero

T
u x'

0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0

cero := ( 0 0 0 )

for j 1 .. cols( M)

M' Pila if j = 1
M' augment( M' , Pila) otherwise
M'

))

las dems columnas tienen las mismas caractersticas:

A4B := A1B

0 0 0 0

Pila stack Pila , Mi , j

A1B := submatrix A1_4 , 1 , 8 , 7 , 12

A3B := A1B

0 0 0 0

Vector cero

for i 2 .. rows( M)

Construyendo las submatrices de A:

A2B := A1B

0 0 0 0

Pila M1 , j

A1_4 := Ensamblaje A u x'1 , u y'1 , u z'1 , L c

0
0

0
0

0 0 0 0 0

Ensamblaje( M) :=

Matriz de continuidad para las columnas (barras 1 a 4):

( (

0 0 0 0 0

0.25

0.5
0.25
0
A1_4 =
0
0
0

1 0.25 0

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 0.25 0

0 0

0.25 1

0.25 0 0

0.5

0.25 0

0.25 1 0

0 0

1 0

0 1

0
0
0

0.5

0.5

1 0

1
0

0
0

Matriz de continuidad para las vigas (barras 5 y 6):

Pg.- 3

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02:57 PM

( (

0
0
0
A5_6 =
0
0
1

))

A5_6 := Ensamblaje A u x'5 , u y'5 , u z'5 , L v5_6

Construyendo las submatrices de A:

(
)
A5B := submatrix( A5_6 , 1 , 8 , 7 , 12)
A5A := submatrix A5_6 , 1 , 8 , 1 , 6

A6A := A5A

A6B := A5B

Matriz de continuidad para las vigas (barras 7 y 8):

( (

0
0
0.167
A7_8 =
0.333
0.167
0

))

A7_8 := Ensamblaje A u x'7 , u y'7 , u z'7 , L v7_8

Construyendo las submatrices de A:

(
)
A7B := submatrix( A7_8 , 1 , 8 , 7 , 12)
A7A := submatrix A7_8 , 1 , 8 , 1 , 6

A8A := A7A

A8B := A7B

0.2

1 0 0

0.2 0 0 0

0.4

1 0 0

0.4 0 1 0

0.2

0 0 0

0.2 0 1

0.2

0 1 0

0.2

0 0

0.4

0 1 0

0.4

0 0

0.2

0 0 0

0.2

0 0

0 0 1

0 0

1 0 0 0

1 0

0
0

1
0

0.167 0

1 0

0.167 0 0 0 0

0.333 0

1 0

0.333 0 1 0 0

0.167 0

0.167 0 1 0

0 0

0 1

0.167

0 0 0

0 1

0.333

0 0 1

0 0

0.167

0 0 1

1 0 0

1 0 0

0 0 0

0 0

0
0

0
0

Ensamblando la matriz de continuidad total:

A1B
cero
A

ceroA

ceroA
A :=
A5A
cero
A

A
7B
ceroA

ceroA ceroA ceroA

A2B
ceroA

ceroA ceroA

A3B

ceroA ceroA
A5B

ceroA

ceroA

A6A

ceroA

A7A

A8B

ceroA

ceroA

ceroA

A6B

ceroA

A8A

A4B

A := Ensamblaje( A)

0.25

0.5

0.25

-0.25

-0.5

-0.25

A= 8

0.25

10

0.5

11

0 Pg.- 4 0

0 25

02/11/2008

02:57 PM

11

0.25

12

13

14

15

16

...

y' := 1

Matriz de rigidez diagonal de las barra y de toda la estructura :

z' := 2

La matriz de rigidez de la barra es:

E I
y'
k ( E , Iy' , Iz' , L , Area , G , J) := 2
L

E Iy'

E Iy'
L

E Iz'
L

E Iz'
L

k1 := k E , I 1 , y' , I 1 , z' , Lc , Areac , G , Jc

k2 := k1

k3 := k E , I 3 , y' , I 3 , z' , Lc , Areac , G , Jc

k4 := k3

k5 := k E , I 5 , y' , I 5 , z' , Lv5_6 , Areav , G , Jv

k6 := k5

k7 := k E , I 7 , y' , I 7 , z' , Lv7_8 , Areav , G , Jv

)
)

E Iz'

E Area

0.007

0.007
0.003
0.003
=
0.003
0.003
0.004

0.004

G J
L

0.003

0.007
0.007

0.004

0.004
0.003

0.003
0.003

k8 := k7

0.0036

0.0036
0.0036
0.0016
k1 =

0.0016
0.0016
0.06

0.000533

0.0016

0.0016
0.0016
0.0036
k3 =

0.0036
0.0036
0.06

0.000533

0.001067

0.001067
0.001067
0.001667
k5 =

0.001667
0.001667
0.04

0.00032

0.001389

0.001389
0.001389
0.000889
k7 =

0.000889
0.000889
0.033333

0.000267

[kd] para toda la estructura

kd := diag stack k1 , k2 , k3 , k4 , k5 , k6 , k7 , k8

))

K := A kd A

Matriz de rigidez global

0.041

-0

0.003

-0.04

0.061

0.001

0.001

-0

0.034

-0.001

-0.001

0.001

-0.001

0.006

-0

-0.001

0.004

0.003

0.001

0.011

-0.001

-0.04

0.041

K = 8

-0

-0.001

0.061

-0

0.001

10

-0

0.001

11

-0.001

0.001

-0

12

0.001

0.002

0.003

-0.001

Pg.- 5

02/11/2008

02:57 PM

13

-0

14

-0

-0.001

15

-0.033

16

0.001

0.001

...

Vector de fuerzas en los nudos:

F := ( 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200 0 0 0 )T

Aplicando la metodologa de anlisis :

d := K

72695.3

18173.8

636

20537.7

-22040.3

2363.9

-3957

5510.1

19381.9

-15809.9

1
1

65.4

73.9

8.5

8.8

7063.1

11.3

1553.1

2.5

71454.7

636

38.2

187.9

e := A d = 8

10.3
64.3

F = 8

19381.9

P := kd e =

-158446.4

17863.7

10

-21778

10

20284.8

10

73

11

19252.8

11

2421.1

11

8.7

12

-15442.6

12

39611.6

12

63.4

13

-10341

13

57445.2

13

91.9

14

28.5

15

11.3

16

...

14

-152

14

17833.6

15

-21988.7

15

187.9

16

...

16

...

Elementos mecnicos para el Estado 2 :

Barra 1 :
Continuidad
A1 := A1_4

0
0

0
0
0

0
e1 := A1 d1

d2
d
3
d4

d5
d
6

18173.8

20537.7
2363.9
5510.1
=

7063.1
1553.1
636

19381.9

Ley de Hooke

M1z'

65.426
M2z'

73.936

M3z'
8.51

M1y' := diag k e = 8.816

(
)
1
1
M
11.301
2y'
2.485
M3y'
38.161

N
10.337
M
T

Fuezas reales :
Pg.- 6

02/11/2008

02:57 PM

Momentos flexionantes en "y" y "z" :

Momento torsionante .

MAy := M1y' + M2y' = 20.117

MAz := M1z' + M2z' = 139.362

MT = 10.337

MBy := M2y' + M3y' = 13.786

MBz := M2z' + M3z' = 82.446

Fuerzas cortantes en "y" y "z" :

FAz :=

MAy + MBy
Lo1

= 8.476

MBx := MT

FAx := N

FBx := N

Fuerza axial :
FAy :=

FBz := FAz

MAx := MT

MAz + MBz
Lo1

N = 38.161
= 55.452

FBy := FAy

Agrupando las fuerzas de la barras en un vector :

FAx

FAy

FAz

MAx

MAy
M
Az
F1 :=
FBx

FBy

FBz

MBx
M
By
MBz

FA
Fi =
FB

38.161
55.452

8.476
10.337
20.117

139.362

=
38.161
55.452

8.476
10.337
13.786

82.446

Resumen de fuerzas del Edo 2

38.16
55.45

8.48
10.34
20.12

139.36
FE2 := ep =
38.16
55.45

8.48
10.34
13.79

82.45

11.27

9.12

54.77

5.12

5.1

68.93

12.1

110.49

31.07

10.27

10.52

10.45

5.7

35.93

292.05

77.99

155.29

40.32 49.62 0.05

1.72

10.19 10.38 7.09

2.03

5.08

10.55 4.46
5.06

15.38

137.33

10.97 10.94 25.42 25.89 23.04

11.27

9.12

54.77

5.12

68.93 12.1

40.32 49.62 0.05

5.1

10.19

1.72

10.38

7.09

5.08

110.49

31.07

2.03

10.27

10.52

10.45

5.7

10.55 4.46

120.45

12.48

149.89

77.38

81.74

9.52

9.46

25.55 26.03 19.49

5.1

15.08

Pg.- 7

5.14

4.36
15.58

139.34
79.13
42.35

5.14
4.36
15.29

114.74
79.13

42.35

02/11/2008

02:57 PM

SOLUCIN : EDO 1 + EDO 2

Las fuerzas en las barras son las columnas de la matriz

Sol := FE1 + FE2

Solucin :=
BARRA
Fuerzas
FAX
FAY
FAZ
MAX
MAY
MAZ
FBX
FBY
FBZ
MBX
MBY
MBZ

1
38.16
55.45
8.48
10.34
20.12
139.36
38.16
55.45
8.48
10.34
13.79
82.45

2
11.27
54.77
68.93
10.27
155.29
137.33
11.27
54.77
68.93
10.27
120.45
81.74

3
9.12
5.12
12.10
10.52
35.93
10.97
9.12
5.12
12.10
10.52
12.48
9.52

4
40.32
5.10
110.49
10.45
292.05
10.94
40.32
5.10
110.49
10.45
149.89
9.46

5
49.62
10.19
31.07
5.70
77.99
25.42
49.62
10.19
31.07
5.70
77.38
25.55

6
0.05
10.38
2.03
10.55
5.06
25.89
0.05
10.38
2.03
10.55
5.10
26.03

7
1.72
7.09
5.08
4.46
15.38
23.04
1.72
7.09
5.08
4.46
15.08
19.49

8
79.13
42.35
5.14
4.36
15.58
139.34
79.13
42.35
5.14
4.36
15.29
114.74

Sol

Pg.- 8

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02:57 PM

SAP2000

SAP2000 v11.0.0 - File:marco3d_clase - 3-D View - Ton, m, C Units

11/2/08 16:02:56

SAP2000

SAP2000 v11.0.0 - File:marco3d_clase - Axial Force Diagram (CLASE) - Ton, m, C Units

11/2/08 16:01:38