METHOD OF COLOURATION

 DIRECT DYEING
 DYEING WITH SOLUBLE PRECURSOR OF
THE DYE
 DIRECT DYEING FOLLOWED BY
CHEMICAL REACTION
 ADHESSION OF THE DYE OR PIGMENT
BY USING AN APPROPRIATE BINDER
WHAT IS REACTIVE DYE?

IT IS A SYNTHETIC DYE WHICH

CHEMICALLY REACTS WITH CELLULOSIC
FIBRE TO FORM COVALENT BOND AND
BECOMES A PART OF FIBRE.
 CELLOBIOSE; MONOMER OF
CELLULOSE

CH2OH
H H
O
H H OH OH
O H

H-O H O-H
OH H H
H
O
H OH CH2OH
STRUCTURE OF REACTIVE
DYE

S C B R

S= Solubilising group
C= Coloured molecule
B= Bridging group
R= Reactive group
PROPERTIES

 ANIONIC DYE
 WATER SOLUBLE DYE
 EASY TO APPLY
 NEED ALKALINE CONDITION
 ALL TYPES OF SHADE IS POSSIBLE
 BATCH, SEMI-CONTINUOUS, CONTINUOUS ALL
METHODS ARE SUITABLE
 LIGHT FASTNESS AND WASH FASTNESS ARE
HIGH
 CHEAP
CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING TO REACTIVTY

REACTIVE DYE

HIGH MODERATE LOW

ACCORDING TO
SUBSTANTIVITY

REACTIVE DYE

HIGH MODERATE LOW

ACCORDING TO PROCESS
CONTROL

REACTIVE DYE

ALKALI CONTROLLABLE SALT CONTROLLABLE TEMPERATURE CONTROLLABLE

STEPS OF REACTIVE DYEING

 EXHAUSTION

 FIXATION

 WASHING-OFF
EXHAUSTION

EXHAUSTION OF REACTIVE DYES BY USING

SALT (NaCl) IN NEUTRAL BATH

Na+ Cl- Na+

OH- DYE- OH-
COTTON FIBRE

OH- DYE- OH- DYE-

Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl-
FIXATION

BY USING SODIUM CARBONATE(Na2CO3)

CELLULOSE-OH- + OH- = CELLULOSE-O- + H2O

CELLULOSE-O- + DYE-Cl = CELLULOSE-O-DYE +Cl-

DYEBATH EXHAUSTION & DYE FIXATION AS A
FUNTION OF TIME

100

80
EXHAUSTION%
FIXATION%

60
EXHAUSTAION
FIXATION
40

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100
TIME/MIN
WASHING-OFF

 RINSINGIN COLD & WARM WATER

 SOAPING BY USING DETERGENT

 HOT RINSING
PROBLEMS
 LOWLEVEL OF FIXATION
 CONSUMES MORE ELECTROLYTE
REMEDY
BI FUNCTIONAL REACTIVE DYES