00041 ‘THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY - LEVEL 6 FINAL EXAMINATION - 2011/2012 MEX6272 — INTELLIGENT CONTROL DATE ae” March 2012 TIME (0930HRS. ~ 1230 HRS. DURATION =: ~~‘ THREE HOURS (3) Common instructions 1. This paper consists of 6 questions. 2. Question 1 is compulsory. Answer any three from questions 2 to 6. al. a. (25 marks) A metallurgical process consists of heat treatment of a bulk of material for a specified duration of time at a suitable temperature. The heater is controlled by its fuel supply rate. A schematic diagram of the system is shown in Figure Q1. The following fuzzy quantities are defined, with the corresponding states: T Temperature (LW = low; HG = high) M_ _: Mass of the material (Sf P F : Process termination time (F1 : Fuel supply rate (RD=reduce; MN=maintain; IN=increase) ee a oe [jen i me [= ‘Sensor (7) | Fuei Flow oh oe =e BeKM) lead [Fae Figure Ql. ‘The membership functions of these quan Page 1 of 5 5 are given in Figure Q2.00041 A Simple rule base that is used in the fuzzy controller for the fuel supply unit is given below. R1: IF Tis LW and Pis FR then Fis IN R2: IF Tis HG then Fis RD 3: IF Mis SM and P is NR then Fis MIN R4: IF Mis LG and P is FR thern Fis IN RS: IF P is NR then F is RD Ata given instant, the following set of process data is available: «Temperature — 300°C + Material mass— 800kg + Process operation time - 1.3hr Determine the corresponding inference membership function for the fuel supply and a crisp value for the control action. Use Max-Min inference method and Centroid method as applicable. ur 104 xr HE ee it Temperature (°C) sw ts 18 aya AN ® 2m 4 ooo 00D 200-4 Bn Material Mass (ka) FR NR ° 05 1 Ss 20 Me Procass Time (7) vw {RD wa we ‘ ‘o 1% 1” 2 Fue Supply (calmir) Figure Q2 Page 2 of 500041 . (15 marks) Consider the simple network given below Output = 1 Assume that the neurons have a Bipolar continuous activation function and that 2.=1 and n =1. Use Backpropagation method to find the old and new errors of the trained network, Use the standard error finding method to find the error. [Error = Output(1-Output)(Target-Output)] {20 marks) a. Draw the complete architecture of a Fuzzy logic controller. Name all parts of it and give a brief explanation of their functionalities. b. A fuzzy system is represented by Ps ifx(k-d) is Athen x1(k+1] Ps tf x(k-1) is A? then x*(k+1) -2x(k} -0.6x{k-1) (k) -0.4x(k-1) Where Al, i=1,2 are shown in the figure Q2. Check if the system is stable by Lyapunov's method. Use x(0) = -1 and x(1)=0. He Mp ! i -1 0 1 “10 L Figure Q2 Page 3 of 500041' a3. {20 marks) a. Two fuzzy sets A and B are represented by the membership functions, are shown in Figure Q3. Sketch the membership functions of the following fuzzy sets AUB An ili, NOTA Pan 104" +04“ ¢ Sisssia Jereeuaa” Wetenea iaiany Oe a ae eee y Figure Q3 b. Consi ring the two fuzzy sets A1 and A2, determine the fuzzy relation between the sets Al and A2. AL= » age 23,05, 1 www c. Consider U={a,b,c,d} and a fuzzy set A on U given by A= +248 Show that the crisp sets A:, Az, As and A, are the distinct non- empty ox cuts of A, where A,-U, , Az={a,b, c}, Aa-{a,c} and Ag={c}. aa. (20 marks) a. Compare ‘Feedforward Networks’ and ‘Feedback Networks’. You may use any drawings to support your answer. b. Consider the following neural network to answer questions i; and ii, of Q4 b. The neural network consists of one neuron with the inputs X:=[1 0 1] and X2=[-1 10). i. What is the suitable Learning rule to be used? ii. Explain the reason for your choice. ¢. Briefly describe how you would choose an activation function for a neural network. Briefly discuss the points to be considered. d. Compare and contrast supervised learning and unsupervised learning in artificial neural networks considering at least 5 points. Page 4 of 500041 a5, (20 marks) a. Briefly explain the following terms found in different Artificial Intelligent (Al) techniques. i, ‘Mutation’ in Genetic Algorithms (GA). ‘knowledge base’ in Expert Systems. lil, ‘Inference Engine’ in Expert Systems. iv. ‘Crossover’ in Genetic Algorithms (GA). b. Name the suitable Al technique to use for each application given below. i. Medical diagnosis system Camera aiming for the telecast of sporting events Signature recognition system ©. Briefly explain what an ‘Expert control system’ is. 4d, [dentify the Al technique relevant for each and every characteristic given below. i. Not capable of explaining the reasons for getting an answer ji, Capable of answering for systems which has frequently varying data Qs. (20 marks) a. Compare and contrast Natural Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence taking into consideration at least 5 points. b. What is Knowledge Engineering? Describe its tasks considering at least 2 examples. c. What do you understand by ‘Intelligent Control’? d. Consider the following application to answer questions i and ii of Q6 d. A data set with 150 samples is available, of three categories of itis flowers and their attributes. The analysis determined the value of 4 attributes found in each of the three types of iris flowers. The 4 attributes are Sepal length, Sepal width, Petal length and Petal width and the 3 categories are Iris Setosa, Iris Veriscolour and Iris Virginica. A neural network can be used to identify the categories of iris flower when the 4 attributes are given as inputs. i. State the following for the network 1 Number of nodes for Input Layer 2 Number of Hidden Layer/s 3. Number of nodes for Output Layer ii, If the training is not done properly at the first time, what should be changed in the neural network architecture? State the reasons for your answer. -END- Page 5 of S