THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS First Aid Visual Aids

SAFETY SERVICES Basic Extrication & Spinal Injury Management

BASIC EXTRICATION
s a removal of the victim from difficult situation or position;
r removal of a patient from a wrecked car or other place
f entrapment.

Classification of Rescue Operation

1. Basic Rescue involves minimum equipment during rescue
operation.
2. Medium Rescue involves specialized equipment normally
found in rescue vehicle and
extrication tools for disentanglement of the patient.
avy Rescue includes complicated rigging, patient handling under extremely diffi
erse conditions, breaching of walls disimpactation of vehicles and all types of res
lving buildings with major structural damage.

TR 9-2
 THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS First Aid Visual Aids
SAFETY SERVICES Basic Extrication & Spinal Injury Management

Elements of Rescue
1. L - Locate
2. A - Access
3. S - Stabilize
4. T - Transport

Principles of Extrication
1. Evaluate (size up) the situation.
2. Locate all victims.
3. Provide for the safety of rescue personnel and the patient.
4. Secure the scene.
5. Gain access of the patient.
6. Provide emergency medical care (stabilize the patient)
7. Disentangle the patient.
8. Prepare the patient for transfer.
9. Transfer the patient.

TR 9-3
 THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS First Aid Visual Aids
SAFETY SERVICES Basic Extrication & Spinal Injury Management

Situations when Spinal Injuries occurred

1. Violent impact to the head, neck, torso or pelvis.
2. Sudden acceleration or deceleration accidents.
alls from a significant height with the patient/victim landing on the head or feet.
4. Gunshot wounds to the neck or trunk.
5. All shallow water diving accidents.
6. All unrestrained victim of a vehicle crash.

Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Injury

1. Pain in the head, neck or back.
2. Racoons’s eye
3. Priapism.
4. CSF leak
5. Battle sign
6. Unequal dilatation of the pupils
7. Paralysis

TR 9-4