JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324
Name:__ESRA____DOGANAY__________________
07/11/2015___________________________

Date:

Cite the reviewed article in APA format: Bulent Dogan & Kadir Almus (2014) School

Administrators Use of iPads: Impact of Training and Attitudes Toward School Use,
Computers in the Schools: Interdisciplinary Journal of Practice, Theory, and
Applied Research, 31:3, 233-250, DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2014.932660

INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):

1. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators

use of iPads for administrative tasks and personal organization in their
professional duties?
2. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators
beliefs regarding how teachers should use iPads in the classroom?
3. Are there any differences in school administrators survey responses
based on gender, age, years of experience in school administration and
education, highest degree attained, school classification, or school size?

Purpose of the research:

The purpose of this research was examining the impact of receiving

specific iPad training on school administrators' attitudes toward iPad
use.
Specifically examined in
this study were how school administrators used iPad and iPad

applications
in their professional duties before and after training, their beliefs on how
teachers should use iPads in the classroom, differences in participants
responses
by demographic and contextual data, and evaluation of the training
process.
METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue?Provide information regarding the following:

Participants:
The target population for this study is elementary and secondary
school administrators working in one of the largest public charter school
system in southwestern state.
Fifty-one participant volunteered to complete the pre-survey out of
approximately 120 school administrators in the school system.

Procedures: The research consist of a pre-survey, a training session on

the effective use of iPads for administrative tasks and personal usage,
on-going support, and post survey.
The pre-survey included questions measuring if and how school
admins were currently using their iPads.
The post-survey included questions intended to measure self-reported
improvements in certain tasks after completing the training, as well as
items regarding the evaluation of training session and resources
provided to school admins during the study.
The research was conducted for four months. ( from February 2013
to May 2013)
The study is developed two survey instruments as a mechanism to
collect data, which were administered online through the survey
submission system hosted at the university's server by researchers.
Both pre-survey and post-survey were reviewed for face validity by two
education faculty members and then were piloted using a group of

school administrators in a local school districts.

The surveys were finalized after the feedback on the pilot versions.

Data Collection Methods/Data Source:

Internet based surveys( pre-survey & post-survey) and a interactive
webinar training session.
Data Analysis:The data analysis of this this research is categorized into
five groups:
Analysis of demographic and contextual data
Impact of training process on school admins' use of iPad and iPad
applications
Impact of the training process on school admins' beliefs regarding how
teachers should use iPads in the classrooms
differences in participants' responses by their demographic and
contextual data
Evaluation of training process.

RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):

The result of this study shows us that when the administrators are
trained of how to use the new technology, it certainly will impact the
teaching and learning process in schools. In this study participants
reponceses were different because of their demographic and contextual
data results. In order to understand the differences in participants
responses by gender, age, years of experience in school administration
and education, highest degree attained, school classification, and school
size, six one-way ANOVA tests and one t test were conducted for two
items of the pre-survey. One of
these items measured the self-reported level of iPad skills and
knowledge and
the other item measured participants beliefs whether iPads are effective
tools
for the school administrators regarding administrative tasks and

personal
organization.
Participants in this study were relatively young administrators
(average
age of 34.16) with fewer number of years of experience in education
(averaged
8.45 total years of experience in education, and only 2.04 years of
experience as a school administrator) compared with other public
schools
in the state where the study was conducted (U.S. Department of
Education,
2003). Furthermore, the relatively young age of participants may be
a factor in the positive reception of the training activities in this study,
as
it has been previously shown that younger school administrators use
more
technology compared with older school administrators (Afshari et al.,
2010;
Schiller, 2003). The young age of participants could have contributed to
the
efficiency of the training process and thus increased the overall quality
of data collected in this study.
The results for School Administrators Use of iPads for Administrative
Tasks and Personal Organization outcome was: Taking notes, Task
delegation, Organization, Calendar, Document sharing,Walk through and
observations, Researching through Internet, Reading articles and books
related to work, Using specific applications for work.
DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):

The conclusions of this research:administrators wanted to see their

teachers project and stream lessons or presentations from their iPads,
use specific iPad applications that
may help students, and use their iPads for class communication.

REFLECTIONS

Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your

school/work):

I have gained a lot of understanding after reading this particular

research paper on educational technology leadership in educational
system. The paper clearly describes the importance of professional
development on educational technology, and precisely talks about the
training workshops among administrators of the school. As the key
facilitators in the implementation of emerging technology, the
administrators hold responsibilities on successful application and
integration of new technology tools. When the administrators are trained
of how to use the new technology, it certainly will impact the teaching
and learning process in schools. The implementation the technology
tools would be more successful and provide better outcomes. there is
a correlation between the amount of technology training principals
receive and the integration of technology in schools. (Dogan, & Almus,
2014)