Sachmarrketing.

vn

75 B mt ca
Khi s kinh doanh Nhanh nhng bit phanh
Ton b 75 b mt trong cm nang khi s trn y khng h c ba t ngu nhin,
m chng c c kt t kinh nghim ca hng ngn doanh nhn ti ba trn th gii.
Mi ngi mt v, khng ai lm c tt c nhng iu trn, song bn nn quan tm ti
chng ri cng thm mt cht bn lnh, tho vt, c sng to v kt hp vi cc iu
kin thin thi, a li, nhn ho, nhng tng ban u s mau chng pht trin thnh
mt cng ty vng mnh trn thng trng.

Phn u
Tc gi:Trn Phng Minh
Qu trnh khi s kinh doanh ca bn bt u
t lc c mt tng le ln v c th tm gi
l kt thc khi cng ty bn i vo hot ng
n nh. Thi gian ny c th ch ko di vi
thng, c khi li buc bn phi xoay x hng
nm tri. Vic phi i din vi bn lit k
(cha y ) danh sch nhng vic cn lm
nh ln k hoch kinh doanh chi tit, t tn
cng ty, tuyn dng nhn vin, tm ngun
vn lm bn hoa mt, nhc u v khng
bit bt u t u v vic g cn u tin lm
trc. Tuy nhin bn ng qu lo lng. Tun t thc hin theo 75 bc di y, bn s
cm thy dng nh quy trnh ny khng qu phc tp v kh khn nh bn tng.
Bc u tin bn cn lm l: c v suy ngm.
PHN 1: K HOCH V MC TIU
1 - 5: Son tho k hoch kinh doanh ca bn
Son tho bn k hoch kinh doanh l mt trong nhng vic u tin bn cn tin hnh
trc khi bt tay vo nhng vic khc. Bn k hoch kinh doanh chi tit c xem nh
kim ch nam cho cc quyt nh ca bn trong sut c qu trnh hot ng kinh doanh
sau ny, gip bn tm ra li p cho cu hi v tnh kh thi ca tng kinh doanh. Mt
tc dng ph ca bn k hoch kinh doanh l to dng nim tin cho cc nh u t tim
nng trc khi h ng cho bn vay tin. Bn k hoch kinh doanh cn l mt cng c
h tr trong khi bn giao tip vi cc i tc tim nng, cc bn lin doanh, nh cung cp,
nhn vin v thm ch l c khch hng.
75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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1. Trc khi lp k hoch kinh doanh, bn hy nghin cu cc ngun lc v cng c

c th gip bn. Ngoi cc cun sch kinh doanh, bn nn ngh n mt s chng
trnh phn mm chuyn dng. Bn cng c th nh cy s tr gip trc tip t cc t
chc kinh doanh, hip hi ngnh ngh a phng, hoc tham gia cc kha o to ti cc
trng cao ng, i hc hoc cc cuc hi tho kinh doanh. Nu kh nng ti chnh cha
cho php, bn khng nht thit phi thu dch v ca cc nh t vn vi mc gi ti thiu
300 USD/gi.
2. Quan tm ti nhng con s. Bn cn bit rng mt bn k hoch kinh doanh phi
m bo c hai yu t l nh tnh v nh lng. Bn k hoch doanh ca bn khng ch
bao gm nhng vin cnh v s tng trng ca cng ty bn trong tng lai, m n cn
cn c din gii trong cc thut ng v s liu ti chnh c th tnh ton c. Cc con
s y cng r rng v chnh xc bao nhiu, chng s cng gip bn c ci nhn r rng
v hot ng ca bn by nhiu.
Bn k hoch kinh doanh lun c m u bng phn khi nim chung, sau l phn
ti chnh. Bn cn din gii cc quan im ti chnh di dng con s. Phn ch s
thiu tnh thuyt phc, s thiu ngha, nu bn b qua phn s liu ti chnh.
3. Hy a ra cc con s d on c th v st vi thc t. Mt trong nhng sai lm
thng gp nht khi son tho bn k hoch kinh doanh l c tnh doanh thu qu cao,
trong khi chi ph li qu thp. Tuy nhin, bn c th hn ch phn no khong cch sai s
nh vic thu hp th trng mc tiu ca bn cho gn vi mc thc t, sau din gii
doanh thu v chi ph da trn th trng . Vic bn xc nh cc khch hng tim nng
trc, sau tr dn nhng i tng khng sn sng mua sm, khng phi l cch thc
hiu qu tnh ton th trng mc tiu.
4. Hy a vo bn k hoch kinh doanh cc c tnh lu lng tin mt ti thiu
cho tng thng trong c nm u tin. Lu lng tin mt l mt yu t rt quan trng,
v th bn nn chun b mt c lng tng th v li nhun v thua l trong vng ba
nm u, cng nh d ton mt bn cn i ti chnh cho thi gian ny. Hy tr liu cc
s kin t xut c th xy ra khin doanh thu ch bng chi ph, ng thi nghin cu cc
t l ti chnh c th trong ngnh cng nghip ca bn, xem xt cc s liu khc cng
ngnh c cng b chc chn rng mi gi nh ca bn l st thc. Nu cc ca
hng tp phm khc c t sut li nhun l 25%, trong khi bn t mc tiu cho ca hng
ca mnh l t sut li nhun phi t 28%, th c l bn nn cn nhc li.
5. Quan tm c bit ti hot ng tip th. Trc ht bn hy ra cc mc tiu. Th
hai, tin hnh hot ng phn tch th trng, bao gm vic xc nh cc th trng ch
yu, nghin cu i th cnh tranh v nh gi cc xu hng th trng. Sau , bn
chun b mt chin lc tip th vi nhiu phng php khc nhau dnh cho tng lnh
vc nh bn hng, xc tin kinh doanh, qung co, giao tip cng ng, xy dng mng
li phn phi, dch v khch hng Bn nn xy dng mt k hoch chi tit cho chin
lc ny, ng thi xy dng cc tiu chun c th kim chng nhng d on ca
bn.

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6 - 10: Tm kim khch hng mc tiu

Bn ch nn tp trung vo th trng mc tiu v loi tr tt c cc phn on th trng
khc khng ph vi hot ng kinh doanh ca bn. Trc khi thc thi bt c phng
php no nhm xy dng cho mnh mt nhm khch hng mc tiu, bn cn quan tm ti
cc vn sau:
6. ng gi nh. Thng thng, ch cc doanh nghip nh lun t cho rng h bit r
nhng g khch hng mong mun. Nhng nu bn mun m mt tim n v ngh rng tt
c nhng g bn cn ch l nu cho thc khch cc mn n ngon, trong khi khch hng
ca bn li thch nhn thy b chn bt v dao na xinh p, trang nh cng vi thi
lch s, n cn ca nhn vin phc v, th bn s c nguy c nh mt khch hng, nu
bn khng sn sng p ng nhng nhu cu .
Ngay t khi khch hng tng lai ca bn vn cn mua sm sn phm/dch v ni
khc, bn hy coi cc cng ty ny nh mt i tng nghin cu: bn hy tm hiu
mt hng kinh doanh ca h, cng nh cch thc h tip th v bn hng. Khch hng
tng lai ca bn ch yu mua sm sn phm/dch v t cng ty no? H mua ci g?
Bn c th hc hi c g t thnh cng ca cc cng ty . Bn nn nghin cu thc t
th trng tr li nhng cu hi ny.
7. Tm kim nhng thng tin hon chnh. iu quan trng nht m mt ch cng ty
nh c th thc hin l xc nh xem nhm khch hng no s gip cng ty mnh t
c mc tiu ra, u l i tng c gi tr mang tnh chin lc i vi bn. Bn
mun c tht nhiu nhng ngi mua sm mt s lng ln sn phm/dch v ca bn,
hay ch cn ngi mua sm ni chung? Khch hng l tng nht ca bn l doanh
nghip hay c nhn? Khong cch a l gia bn v khch hng mc tiu ca bn nh
th no v iu c quan trng khng? Bn cn xc nh nhng c im t chc
kinh doanh sao cho c th thu ht v gi chn khch hng mt cch tt nht.
8. Xc nh cc phn khc th trng khc nhau. Sau khi phc ha chn dung
khch hng l tng, bn nn nhn nhn rng mnh c th cn khai thc nhiu phn on
th trng khc na. V d, tim n nh va ni trn c th tm thy nhng phn on
th trng hp dn khc, nh dch v nu n trn gi trong cc dp l hay nhng ngy c
bit no cho cc gia nh, cung cp ba n n gin hng ngy cho nhng ngi
khng c thi gian nu nng do qu bn rn...
9. S dng cc cng c nghin cu th trng min ph. Internet l mt kho thng tin
khng l. Bn hy tm kim theo bt c ch no thng qua cc t kha v bn s thy
cc website, blog v cc din n tho lun lin quan n bt c iu g bn mun. Ngoi
ra, bn cnh mt s lng ln sch bo, ti liu sn c v tnh hnh th trng v khch
hng mc tiu, bn c th tm hiu thm t cc ngun tr gip nghin cu th trng khc
v a phng, quc gia ca bn ti cc t chc pht trin kinh t xc nh phn khc
th trng no ang pht trin nhanh nht.

75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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10. Dch v, dch v, dch v. Ngy cng nhiu cng ty nh nh mt khch hng ca
mnh ch v l do dch v ca h qu ngho nn, ch khng phi v sn phm ca h km
cht lng. Cng c tip th quan trng nht trong kinh doanh l cch thc bn iu hnh
hot ng bn hng v dch v khch hng. Mi ln bn lm mt iu g cho khch
hng l mt ln bn tip th chnh bn thn mnh. Nu bn thc hin tt cng vic ny,
khch hng s p li bn bng lng trung thnh v nhng li nhn xt tt p v bn.

75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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PHN 2: TN V CU TRC CNG TY

11 - 15: La chn mt ci tn
Mi cng ty u cn n mt ci tn v vic s
hu mt ci tn ng nh v c o chnh l ni
dung ca phn ny. S phi mt hng ngn USD,
nu bn thu mt cng ty chuyn v xy dng
nhn hiu hay mt hng qung co, song cc bn
cng c th t mnh t tn cng ty - nu bn bit
cch thc thc hin cng vic ny. Hy bt u
vi chic bt bi, mt vi t giy v i tai nhy
cm lng nghe mi ting ng ang xy ra quanh
mnh.
11. Suy ngh v th trng. Trc tin, bn hy quyt nh phng thc qung co c
th gii thiu 90% cc hot ng kinh doanh ca bn. Bn s trng cy ch yu vo cc
qung co in, bng hiu ti a im kinh doanh, qung co truyn ming, Interrnet, trang
vng, i pht thanh hay kt hp mt lc nhiu phng tin?. Bn nn lu rng s lp
li thi qu, cc t ng nc ngoi v tn min vi du cch lun l yu t kt liu cc
qung co pht thanh v website, ni m yu t nh vn v pht m d dng l v cng
quan trng. Nu bn quyt nh qung co trn trang vng, mt th thut truyn thng l
hy la chn tn cng ty bt u bng vn A, B hay C qung co ca bn lun c
t ngay ti nhng trang u tin. Tuy nhin, khng phi nhng ci tn nh Aardvark hay
Abba c th ph hp vi bt c cng ty no, v vy bn cn c i cht sng to y.
12. Xem xt cc i th cnh tranh. Bn cn thu thp tn ca tt c cc i th cnh
tranh tm ra nhng iu c th lm nn s khc bit cho tn ca cng ty bn. Tn ca
cc i th cnh tranh c thc s ph hp vi th trng mc tiu? Liu nhng tn c
qu nghim tc, trong khi khch hng li thuc tup ngi snh iu, tn thi? Cu tr
li s cho bn bit yu t no khng hiu qu, qua gip bn thu hp danh sch nhng
ci tn d kin.
13. Huy ng kin ca mi ngi. Hy n nhn mi kin ng gp v tn cng ty
bn. Hy hi ti sao h thch ci tn ny hay tn khc. Bn cng nn xem xt mt s thut
ng thng dng c th thu ht cc khch hng tim nng, hay th hin kt qu m khch
hng mong mun t vic s dng sn phm/dch v ca bn (nhng cha c i th
cnh tranh s dng). V d, Namedatlast.com c chn t cho mt cng ty dch v
t tn doanh nghip. Tuy vy trn thc t khng nhiu cng ty s dng nhng ci tn
kiu ny, m h mun hng ti s ni bt.
14. Kim tra ngha ca tn cng ty. Nhng ci tn nh Cobweb Design, Goosechase
v Wild Weasel, nghe c v rt thng minh, nhng chng c th khin khch hng tim
nng cm thy khng chc chn v sn phm/dch v. Hy kim tra k lng mi ci tn
trong danh sch cc tn cng ty d nh ca bn m bo rng khng ci tn no mang

75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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ngha tiu cc. ng thi bn nn hi bn b v ngi thn xem cc t ng ny c gi
cho h cm gic xu no khng. Hy loi b nhng ci tn khng thch hp ra khi danh
sch ca bn. Nu bn ang xy dng mt website v mun ci tn cng ty vn ti
ton cu, th ng v s bt cn m lm tn thng t nc bn.
15. Kim tra cc nhn hiu c ng k. Khng t ch doanh nghip t tn cng
ty v a chng ra th trng, nhng ri mt lc no h b buc phi hu b ci tn
ny bi trc c mt nhn hiu cng tn ng k bo h. Do trc khi bn t
tn cng ty, thit k biu tng, hy m bo rng chng khng b trng lp vi nhng
ci tn v biu tng c ng k. Bn hon ton c th trnh c nhng kh khn
php l bng vic gh thm trang web ca Cc nhn hiu v sng ch M ti
www.uspto.gov, ni m bn c th tm kim cc nhn hiu c ng k bo h, hoc
gh thm trang www.yudkin.com c thm cc li khuyn v vic t tn cng ty.
16 - 19: Cu trc cng ty
Bn nn khi u quy trnh la chn cu trc php l cho cng ty bng vic t hi bn
thn xem u l khung php l m bn mun thit lp v tun theo. C ngi ni l n
Delaware hay Nevada lp cng ty, nhng cu tr li thch hp nht cho cc cng ty
nh l: Hy ngay ti nh. Vic thnh lp cng ty v tun theo cc quy nh php lut
ca mt s a phng c ting l thun tin cho kinh doanh c th c ngha i vi cc
cng ty c nhiu nh u t, nhng bn s c th kim sot cng ty mnh d dng v n
gin hn, nu tun theo khung php l kinh doanh ngay ti ni bn t tr s chnh.
16. Quan tm ti mong mun ca bn thn bn. Mi mt m hnh kinh doanh u c
cc quyn hn v trch nhim php l mang tnh c th ring, chng hn trch nhim
php l ca mt cng ty c phn s khc hon ton so vi trch nhim php l ca mt
cng ty trch nhim hu hn, ng thi cc quy nh php lut bo v hot ng kinh
doanh ca hai loi hnh cng ty ny cng khng ging nhau. Nhng khng c mt loi
hnh cng ty no gip bn trnh khi nhng trch nhim php l c nhn. Loi hnh cng
ty m bn la chn s nh hng n trch nhim ca bn trong cc hot ng lin quan
ti nhn vin, i tc v nh thu. Khng c tm l chn no bo v cho cc quyn s
hu t nhn. Mt m hnh cng ty lin doanh s bt buc bn phi chu trch nhim
khng ch cho nhng hnh ng sai tri ca bn thn bn, m cn cho nhng hnh ng
sai tri ca cc i tc lin doanh. Cn nu bn khng c nhn vin, nh thu hay i tc,
th m hnh cng ty c phn hoc trch nhim hu hn s khng em li nhiu ch li v
mt trch nhim php l.
17. Ch ti kh nng tip cn ngun vn. Trn cng v mt ch s hu kinh doanh
c nht, i vay l cch thc duy nht bn huy ng vn phc v kinh doanh. Trong
khi , m hnh cng tc kinh doanh s cho php bn nhn tin u t hay yu cu cc
i tc cung cp vn. M hnh cng ty c phn hay trch nhim hu hn s linh hot hn
trong vic huy ng vn u t b sung, v d, bn c th bn chng khon ra bn ngoi
huy ng lng vn cn thit.
18. Ngh v sc chu ng ca bn i vi cc cng vic giy t. Cu trc kinh doanh
mt ch s hu c nht lun n gin, nh nhng v hu nh khng b iu chnh bi

75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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bt c quy nh php l bt buc no. Ch c giy php kinh doanh v chng ch hnh
ngh l nhng tr ngi m cc ch s hu doanh nghip t nhn gp phi khi tin hnh
kinh doanh. Cc yu cu, quy nh, th tc php l bt buc ca a phng, ca quc
gia s gia tng ng k nu bn la chn cu trc php l cng ty lin doanh, c phn hay
trch nhim hu hn.
19. Nm vng cc quy nh v thu c lin quan. Cho d bn chn la cu trc php l
kinh doanh no, bn u c trch nhim ng thu cho cc khon thu nhp t hot ng
kinh doanh. im khc bit l bn phi ng thu mc no v c khu tr bao nhiu
thu tu theo m hnh cng ty. Vic ng thu v cc trch nhim php l lin quan ti
cng ty c phn l hon ton khc bit so vi cng ty trch nhim hu hn. Ngoi ra, cc
quy nh v khu tr thu v ho n thu cng c nhng quy nh khc nhau. Do vy,
bn nn nghin cu k lng cc quy nh v thu, xc nh trch nhim np thu cng
cc quyn li c hng sao cho ph hp nht vi hot ng kinh doanh ca bn.
Nu bn khng khng nh c u l cu trc php l thch hp vi hot ng kinh
doanh ca mnh, bn c th t vn vi cc lut s c nhiu kinh nghim trong lnh vc
kinh doanh va v nh.

PHN 3: CC NH T VN V H TR
TI CHNH
20 - 24: Tm kim cc nh t vn
Lm th no bn tm c nhng nh t vn
hay cng ty t vn thch hp nht vi bn v vi
cng ty bn?
20. Ngh v tng lai. Bn hy vng cng ty s
nh th no trong 10 nm ti? Lut s m bn
la chn s gi vai tr rt quan trng, c bit khi
bn c k hoch pht hnh c phiu ra cng
chng hay tm kim cc ngun vn u t mo
him. Cc nh u t mo him cho bit, mt
trong nhng yu t h xem xt trc khi u t
vo mt cng ty no chnh l uy tn, trnh v ng cp ca cc lut s m cng ty
la chn t vn. V th, bn hy la chn mt ngi c nhiu kinh nghim giao dch
vi cc cng ty c vn u t mo him.
Khi tm kim lut s cho cng ty mnh, bn nn ch n tiu s v h s c nhn ca
h, nhng v vic c th m tng lut s m nhim, thm ch th hng ca cc lut
s theo chuyn mn, kin thc v o c ngh nghip. Cc t chc php l a
phng nh Phng thng mi cng nghip hay Hi lut gia cng s rt hu ch cho bn
trong giai on ny.
21. Gii thch tng tn. Nhng cuc gp g cc nh t vn bn bc v son tho
mt nn tng ti chnh cho cng ty ca bn l s u t thi gian v tin bc hu ch. Lc

75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

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ny, bn cn gii thch tng tn v ti chnh v hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty vi
lut s ca mnh. Ngoi ra, cc gi phn mm ti chnh nh QuickBooks s rt hu ch
trong vng mt vi nm sau khi bn thit lp cc kim sot ti chnh c bn. Bn cng c
th thu thm cc nhn vin k ton t do v hy ch ti nhng ngi c k nng k
ton tt.
22. Trn gi. Nhiu cng ty dch v t vn chuyn nghip thng cung cp dch v trn
gi cho khch hng. Liu cng ty t vn ca bn c sn sng lm vic ny gip bn? H
c bn la chn v quyt nh loi dch v m bn mun s dng? Hy ngh cc
cng ty t vn cung cp cho bn danh sch dch v vi mc ph tng th thay v ho n
theo gi, c bit l cho nhng cng vic chung nh son tho b h s thnh lp cng ty
v hp ng lao ng. Bn c th thng lng vi cc lut s v vic ny. C rt nhiu
cc trang web lut khc nhau gip bn gii quyt cc vn php l lin quan n vic
thnh lp cng ty, nhng hy cn thn nu cha kin thc v php lut, bn khng nn
mo him.
23. Thu hp danh sch cc ng vin. Khi thu mt nh t vn ti chnh chuyn nghip,
bn hy hi h thch lm vic trong lnh vc no nht v vi cng ty c quy m nh th
no. iu ny cho bn bit h s dnh thi gian v cng sc mc no cho cc cng
vic ti chnh ca cng ty ca bn trong thi gian mt nm. Bit u cc chuyn gia thch
lm vic vi mt cng ty sn xut, v bn l mt trong s . Mt li khuyn khc: Bn
hy yu cu cc vn bn ti liu ngn gn v vic nh t vn s lm nhng g cho cng ty
bn. Vi t cch l ch cng ty, bn nn qun l nhng vn bn ny v m bo rng
nhng g bn nhn ph vi nhng g b ra.
24. Xy dng quan h. ng ct t quan h sau khi cng vic ca lut s, nhn vin k
hon hay nhn vin ngn hng hon tt. Hy thng xuyn gp g v lin lc vi h
thng bo cho h bit hot ng kinh doanh ca bn ang tin trin nh th no. Nu
lut s khng sn lng hay mong mun dnh thi gian cho bn, th h khng phi l
ngi bn cn tm. Thng thng, lut s hay nhn vin k ton lm thm ca bn cn c
trch nhim cng vic vi bn v quan h gia bn v lut s l mt mi quan h i tc.
Bn mun mt ai c mt trong tp th ca bn v quan tm ti cng ty bn, ch khng
phi quan tm ti vic lm th no nhn c s tin th lao tip theo.
25 - 30: Tm kim cc khon ti chnh
Vic bn t b tin ra kim c tin khng nn c xem nh mt chng ngi vt
trong giai on khi s kinh doanh. i lc ngi ta cm thy lo s khi ngh n vic s
phi cn thm rt nhiu vn kinh doanh, tuy nhin thc t cho thy nhiu khi bn khng
cn phi c tht nhiu vn mi a c hot ng kinh doanh ct cnh.
25. Quan tm n vn t c. Ni u tin tm kim cc khon ti chnh l chic ti
ca bn, c th l t cc khon tin tit kim c nhn hay th chp bt ng sn, m
nhng th tn dng vi mc li sut thp....
26. Huy ng khon tin tm ng trc. Bn c th khch hng tr tin trc cho
mt s sn phm/dch v m bn s cung cp trong tng lai. Sau , bn s dng khon

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tin ny nh ngun vn khi s. V d, trong lnh vc xy dng, nu bn mun xy dng
li cn nh ca bn, nh xy dng s yu cu bn cung cp trc mt phn ba khon tin
xy dng cn thit h c th bt u, mt phn ba khc s c tr trong thi gian xy
v mt phn ba cui cng s c thanh ton sau khi bn giao nh. V cch thc huy
ng vn ny c th c s dng trong nhiu ngnh cng nghip khc nhau.
27. Nh cy bn b v gia nh. Cho d vic huy ng vn theo cch thc tm ng
trc hiu qu nh th no, th phn ln bn vn cn thm tin bc, v ngun ti chnh tt
nht m h c th trng cy lc ny l t bn b v ngi thn. Cha m, anh ch em rut
v nhng ngi thn khc hin nhin s d dng gip bn. T l li sut v cc iu
khon gn vi tin bc t gia nh v bn b cng nh nhng hn nhiu so vi cc ngun
cung cp ti chnh khc t bn ngoi.
Bn hy son tho sn cc b h s ti liu vay vn v nn m bo cc khon vay c th
c chuyn i thnh khon vn c phn, nu hot ng kinh doanh t c mc
doanh s no hay vo nhng mc thi gian no . Thng thng, bn s c nhiu c
hi nhn c ngun vn ln hn t nhng ngi xung quanh bn, bi v khi bn ra
c sn phm, th nim tin ca h dnh cho bn s tng ln gp bi.
28. Tm n cc nh cung cp. Cc nh cung cp lun sn lng ni lng cc iu khon
tn dng hn l nhng bn cho vay khc, c bit l trong giai on khi s kinh doanh.
Vic c c la chn thanh ton chm trong vng 30, 60, 90 ngy hay thm ch nhiu
hn t cc nh cung cp l khng c qu kh khn. Thng th bn ch phi tr cho h
mt khon li sut rt nh m thi.
29. a c ch mt bng vo cc k hoch ti chnh ca bn. Nu bn nh m ca
hng bn l, bn s cn n mt a im kinh doanh v ch nh thng thng s ni
lng vic thanh ton tin thu nh cho cc cng ty trong thi gian ba thng. Cc ch nh
cng c th gip sa cha ci to, thit k xy dng cc khong trng vi nhng c
im bn cn vi nhng chi ph khng ln lm. Mong i ca cc ch nh l bn s tr
thnh ngi thu di hn ca h.
30. Ch i cho n khi bn c i cht thnh cng tip cn cc khon vay t
ngn hng. Cc ngn hng thng ch quan tm n cc cng ty mi khi s khi h t
c mt doanh s nht nh, c bn hch ton kinh doanh ng tin cy v c nhu cu ti
chnh ngn hn. Bn nn tip cn vi cc khon vay t ngn hng khi bn c kh
nng p ng yu cu tng i kht khe ca nhng khon vay di hn.

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PHN 4: A IM V CNG NGH

31 - 35: Tm kim a im kinh doanh

Quyt nh a im l mt trong nhng quyt
nh quan trng nht ca bn trong giai on
khi s kinh doanh, nhng thng li l mt
trong nhng cng vic sau cng i vi nhiu
cng ty. iu m c th nh hng ln n mc
tiu doanh s ca bn, bi hp ng thu a
im s l hp ng di hn v bn rt kh c
th thay i mt sm mt chiu. Bn nn lu
n mt s im sau y trc khi quyt nh:
31. Hiu r th trng ca bn.
C chuyn gia so snh hot ng bn l vi
th gii ng vt: McDonald l mt con chut, bi n c th tn ti v pht trin mi
ni, c trong th trng ng c ln th trng tha tht khch hng. Tuy nhin, cc
cng ty khc ch l loi gu trc, bi v h cn nhng th trng c th mi tn ti
c. Hy ngh v mi trng m hot ng kinh doanh mi ca bn cn n. Cu tr li
s gip bn tm ra a im kinh doanh thch hp nht cho s pht trin ca cng ty.
Nu bn d tnh khi s kinh doanh trong lnh vc dch v, v d nh dch v k
ton/kim ton, bn c th s dng nh ring ca bn lm a im kinh doanh. Khi
, bn ng cn nhc cc mc chi ph tng th khi a ra quyt nh, cng nh quan
tm ti vic liu hot ng kinh doanh ti nh c thch hp vi sn phm/dch v ca bn
hay khng. Liu khch hng tim nng c b b qua nu bn kinh doanh ti nh? Hay
khch hng c ch ti a im kinh doanh ca bn khng, khi vic bn hng c thc
hin ch yu qua in thoi, fax v website? Bn cn nh k rng c th c cc quy nh
php lut ti a phng ni bn t a im kinh doanh, v vy hy kim tra k lng
trc khi quyt nh. Hy m bo rng hng xm ca bn khng cm thy phin h vi
vic c ng ngi qua li. Ngoi ra, ch xe cng l iu cn xem xt, hn nu bn
t im kinh doanh ngay ti nh mnh.
32. Thu thp mt vi d liu.
Nhng trang web nh kiu Economy.com s cung cp nhanh chng cc b h s d liu
cn thit v nhiu th trng a phng khc nhau. B h s v th trng, v khu vc
dn c ti a phng c th rt hu ch trong vic gip bn xc nh a im kinh
doanh thch hp. Nhng d liu s gip bn tm hiu cc xu hng th trng v xc
nh u l ni m cc khch hng mc tiu ca bn thng xuyn mua sm.
33. Suy ngh nh i th cnh tranh.

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Khng phi ngu nhin m cc i gia bn l nh Home Goods, Michaels v Target li
cng m ca hng trn mt a bn cht hp. Thot nghe c v nh khng bnh thng
khi t im kinh doanh ngay st cnh cc i th cnh tranh, tuy nhin s quy t ny c
th gip gia tng cc c hi kinh doanh v tit kim ng k chi ph trong vic tuyn
dng nhn vin cng nh vn chuyn hng ha. Vic tr thnh mt phn ca khi lin kt
to ra mt th trng rng ln s c tc dng tch cc hn so vi vic bn n lc thit
lp mt th trng ring l ti mt a im ho lnh no .
34. Thng xuyn kho st thc t.
Cc d liu nhn khu hc trn giy t ch l iu kin cn, iu kin trn thc t
chnh l vic bn cn dnh nhiu thi gian lm cho a im kinh doanh ca bn tr nn
thu ht hn. Khi gh thm mt a im kinh doanh tim nng, bn c nhn nhn ngay
rng y l mt a im m bn thn bn cng thch n mua sm? Mt ni b ngoi
c v cht hp, ging nh bi xe, cng c th tc ng rt ln n vic thu ht ng
o mi ngi n vi ca hng ca bn. Ngoi ra, khi la chn a im, bn nn quan
tm ti cc c tnh kinh doanh ca bn. Nu l m hnh kinh doanh nhanh nhy, ra ra
vo vo - chng hn nh ca hng git l - a im kinh doanh thch hp nht vn l
trung tm thnh ph. Bn cnh , bn cng c th cn nhc xem liu a im kinh
doanh bn c th lp t cc ca ra vo t ng nhm gia tng s thun tin cho khch
hng hay khng.
35. t cc cu hi.
Bn hy gh thm cc ca hng ti nhiu a im khc nhau xem h lm vic th no.
Bn c th hi xem liu vic thu a im ti khu vc ny c nn khng v doanh s bn
ra ti cc ca hng trong khu vc hin mc no. ng thi, bn nn t hi xem hot
ng kinh doanh ca bn din ra vo ban ngy hay ban m. V d, mt qun bar c th
khng thch hp t ti mt trung tm thng mi may mc ni m ch thu ht phn ln
cc khch hng vo ban ngy. Bn s tm thy nhiu thng tin b ch trn mng Interrnet
qua cc trang www.entrepreneur.com/bizstartups
hay
www.geomarketingresearch.com.
36 - 43: Trang b my mc cho hot ng kinh doanh ca bn
36. Bt u vi mt h thng mng.
Nhiu cng ty ngy nay khng bit chc phi bt u t u trong k hoch mua sm v
lp t cc thit b cng ngh cn thit cho hot ng ca mnh. H thng mng chnh l
xng sng ca cng ty bn, v vy hy bt u t y. Bn cn phi c mt h iu
hnh mng ni b trn nn tng khch hng/my ch v t nht mt my ch lu tr h
s hay in n m bo tnh an ton thng tin. ng qu lo lng nu vic ny nghe c v
vt qu kh nng ca bn - hy xem iu s 42.
37. Lp t thit b kt ni Internet.
ng ng dng thit b kt ni dial-up. Bn cn cc thit b kt ni Internet bng thng
rng nhn vin c bn d dng hon thnh tt cng vic ca mnh trong hin ti v
tng lai. Bn c th quan tm n h thng DSL, cp hay cc gii php Internet tc
cao khc nh ng T1 cho php hn 100 ngi truy cp cng lc.

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38. Ci t phn mm chng virus.

y l mt cng vic cn thit. Thay v ci t trn tng my mt, bn nn s dng phn
mm trn gi ci t trn my ch. Vic ny s thun li cho bn qun l v lu di.
39. Sao lu.
ng b qua cng vic ny - tt c cc d liu phi c sao lu. C ba cch thc sao
lu d liu khc nhau: 1) sao lu bng, mt phng thc d phng truyn thng; 2) sao
lu trc tuyn, ngoi tuyn hay thng qua nh cung cp th ba; 3) ci t h thng lu tr
mng ti vn phng lm vic. Nu bn s dng hai trong s ba phng php trn, bn s
m bo gn nh chc chn rng tt c cc d liu quan trng u c lu tr cn thn
v an ton.
40. ng trang b dn dn h thng my tnh trong cng ty.
S tht l tng, nu vic trang b c thc hin ng b v cng thi im tt c cc
my mc u hot ng thng nht. Cc hot ng bo dng s c gim thiu v tng
chi ph mua sm cng s gim ng k. Bn nn lin h vi cc nh cung cp ln nh
Dell hay Hewlett-Packard v yu cu bn hp ng dch v bo hnh di hn.
41. Mua cc my in ph hp vi nhu cu ca bn.
Cc cng ty khi s nn c my in hiu sut cao v kh nng tch hp mng l cc my
in laser en trng. Nu bn cn in mu phc v cc hot ng kinh doanh, s thch hp
nht vi cc my in laser mu tch hp mng. Gi c cng l yu t quan trng v my in
mu laser s gip bn tit kim ng k khon chi ph dnh cho nhng ca hng in n bn
ngoi.
42. Bit r khi no cn n s gip t bn ngoi.
Nu bn khng c i ng nhn vin IT gii, chc chn bn s phi thu ai bn ngoi
m nhn cng vic lp t, bo dng v sa cha cc thit b cng ngh trong giai
on ban u. y l vic rt quan trng, bi v phn ln cc ch cng ty ngy nay u
khng c thi gian v chuyn mn t m nhim cng vic ny.
43. Hoch nh cho tng lai.
Vic tun theo nhng li khuyn trn khng ch gip bn trong giai on khi s kinh
doanh, m cn trong c giai on pht trin ca cng ty sau ny. Bn s phi chun b
b sung thm nhn vin v m bo kh nng t qun l h thng cng ngh. Bn ng
tic nhng khon chi ph ph thm. ng nhn nh khi bn xem xt cc chi ph IT
thng nin v khng nn cho rng nhng chi ph ban u ny ch l chi ph ch dnh
ring cho cc gii php IT.

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PHN 5: BO HIM V NHN VIN

44 - 49: Bo v hot ng kinh doanh mi ca bn
44. Hi kin chuyn gia. Th trng bo him thng
mi c th kh phc tp, do bn nn tm n mt nh
t vn c uy tn v ng cp gip bn hiu c cc
ri ro kinh doanh, ng thi gip bn la chn loi hnh
bo him thch hp nht bo v bn khi nhng ri ro
. Bn nn tham kho kin ca mt hng bo him
chuyn nghip, ni cung cp nhiu dch v t vn a
dng.
45. Hnh dung nhng loi ri ro m bn c th i
mt, chng hn nh mt mt ti sn. c th l ri ro
mt mt trong xy dng, nh ca hay ti sn kinh doanh nh my mc, thit b, c phiu
v my tnh... Cc mi him ha khc i vi ti sn ca bn s l ho hon, thin tai....
46. Tm hiu k lng v trch nhim ca bn. V d, i tc th ba nh khch hng,
nh cung cp... c th khi kin bn v nhng thit hi hay h hng ti sn do li ca bn.
Cc chnh sch trch nhim bo v (Umbrella liability policies) s l mt gii php ph
bin thng c nhiu cng ty p dng cho nhng ri ro ny. Mt nh t vn bo him
chuyn nghip c th gip bn thay i mc trch nhim sao cho ph hp nht vi hon
cnh ca bn.
Bo him tai nn lao ng cng l mt trong nhng trch nhim php l m bn c th
phi i mt v vic bo him, bi thng cho nhn vin l bt buc i vi hu ht cc
cng ty theo quy nh php lut. l s khc bit then cht gia quyn ti sn v trch
nhim php l ch doanh nghip hon ton c th khng mua bo him ti sn, nhng
h buc phi mua bo him bi thng thit hi cho nhn vin ca mnh.
Nhng ri ro khc s ph thuc vo loi hnh kinh doanh m bn tin hnh, v d mt
qun n c phc v ru c th phi i mt vi nhng trch nhim php l v vic mt
trong s khch hng ca h b ti nn trn ng sau khi ri nh hng. Tt nhin l
nhng ri ro c tnh cht ring bit v km theo n l loi hnh bo him dnh ring cho
trch nhim lin quan n cc loi ung c cn bo v ch nh hng khi nhng v
kin v dch v khng thch hp ca h. Hy nghin cu k lng hot ng kinh doanh
bn quyt nh la chn loi hnh bo him thch hp nht.
47. i do vng quanh. Sau khi tm c mt nh t vn tt v hiu r cc ri ro kinh
doanh, bn hy nh gi mt vi nh cung cp dch v bo him v cc chnh sch m h
a ra. Ch doanh nghip l ngi chu trch nhim chnh v loi hnh bo him h mua
v cc ph bo him h tr, v th, bn hy la chn cn thn.
48. ng qu ch quan, ngay c khi bn c bo him. Mt s ti sn hay trch
nhim php l c th khng c bo m bng bo him. Khng c sn phm bo him
no c th ngn nga tt c cc ri ro. Trong mt s trng hp, chi ph bo him cn c
th rt cao. Nu vy, bn nn qun l ri ro bng cc bin php bo v khc thch hp
hn nh hng dn v o to nhn vin lm vic an ton. Bn s c c mc ph bo
him thp hn, cng nh thua l t hn, nu bn lng trc gim thiu nhng ri ro
ng l phi mua bo him.

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49. Lun cnh gic vi nhng mi e da mi hay cc ri ro m bn c th cha
tnh n. Bn c th cn cc bin php bo v b sung hay cch thc qun l ri ro mi.
Bt lun c c bo him hay khng, mi ri ro u c th xy ra v khin bn thit hi
khng nh. Mt trong nhng mi lo ln nht hin nay l khng t cng ty ti mt s a
phng khng c bo him, nhiu cng ty b mt mt ln t cc thm ha thin nhin
v ng nhin khng c bi thng.
50 - 54: Tuyn dng nhn vin
Trc khi bt tay vo vic tuyn dng, sa thi, ln k hoch nhn s, tm hiu cc quy
nh ca lut lao ngbn hy dnh thi gian son tho chin lc nhn s trong
vng vi ba nm k tip. Mc tiu ca bn l ro cn ln thuc lnh vc nhn s: ch tiu
cng vic khng hon thnh, hiu sut km, kin tng v tinh thn lm vic thp.
50. Lm cc cng vic giy t. Ty theo quc gia, a phng m cc quy nh php
lut iu chnh hot ng tuyn dng s c nhng iu khon khc nhau. Ngoi ra, cn
nhiu th tc giy t khc lin quan n tuyn dng m bn cn thc hin. Hy tm hiu
k lng cc quy nh php lut m bo rng bn p ng mi yu cu cn thit.
51. Bit r nhng g bn ang tm kim. Cng vic bn s tin hnh l g, nhn vin
ca bn cn c nhng k nng no thc hin tt cng vic ny, bn c th tr lng
cho h ra sao, cc ng vin tt nht c th lm c g cho bn iu ny c v nh
chuyn hin nhin, nhng nhiu ngi li b qua. H a bn b, ngi thn hay ngi
quen vo cng ty m khng quan tm n nng lc ca h mt cch y v khch
quan.
52. Tm kim cc ngun ti nng khc nhau. Bn khng nn tp trung vo duy nht
mt ngun tuyn dng v vic a dng ho cc ngun tm kim s rt hu ch. Ti cc
trng ph thng v cao ng a phng lun c trung tm vic lm, ni bn c th
ng ti thng bo tuyn dng v cng l ni bn tm thy cc nhn vin tim nng.
Nhng cng ty khi s vi cc ngun lc gii hn thng s tm kim cc nhn vin cao
cp ti mt s ngun khng ng ti nh ngi nhp c, ngi nc ngoi Tuy nhin,
bn hy hi xem h c cp giy php lm vic ti a phng cha.
53. Bit phng vn tuyn dng nh th no. Bn c th t cho cc ng vin xin vic
nhng cu hi v nng lc chuyn mn, v s thch, v tnh cch, nhng nhng cu hi
v gia nh, v con ci... s l nhng cu hi khng my thch hp. Bn cng nn hi cc
nhn vin tim nng ca bn xem h c im no hn ch khng. Nhng bi vit ti
http://jobsearchtech.about.com/od/interview/l/aa022403.htm v
www.resumagic.com/interviews_illegalquestions.html s cung cp cho bn nhiu li
khuyn hu ch trong vic la chn cc cu hi phng vn.
54. nh hng v ng vin. Cc nhn vin m bn tuyn dng dng nh khng bao
gi c th c c suy ngh ca bn, v vy hy c gng din t v truyn t nhng
mong i ca bn trong cng vic, mc tiu ca cng ty, k hoch lm vic v mc lng
thng lc ban u... C mi ba thng mt ln, bn nn nh gi lai mc hon thnh
cng vic ca nhn vin. Hy hi nhn vin xem h a thch loi cng vic no. Bn nn
quan tm ti nhn vin nhiu hn, s l mt ng c thc y tinh thn lm vic ca
h.

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PHN 6: TIP TH V BN HNG

55 - 59: Tip th tch cc
Bn c th lm ra nhng sn phm/dch v tt nht
th gii, nhng nu khng mt ai bit v chng, th
bn cng khng th bn chng cho ai c. l l do
ti sao hot ng tip th v qung co li ng vai
tr quan trng c bit trong giai on khi s kinh
doanh.
55. Bn hy a ra cho mi ngi mt l do tin tng. Thng thng, cc ch
doanh nghip lun cho rng mi khch hng s tin tng cng ty v sn phm/dch v
ca h, bi v bn b v ngi thn ca h lun ni nh vy. Tuy nhin, mt chin lc
tip th hiu qu phi bao gm rt nhiu cc yu t khc nhau nhm to ra s tin tng
i vi cng ty, sn phm hay dch v ca bn. Bn ng ni: Bnh ngt ca chng ti
c hng v thm ngon nht, m hy ni: Bnh ngt ca chng ti c m hng v
scla hn, bi v chng ti s dng nhiu scla hn so vi cc i th cnh tranh.
iu s em li cho khch hng ca bn mt l do tin rng sn phm ca bn thc
s tt hn.
56. Truyn ti mt thng ip r rng. i khi cc ch doanh nghip nh lm tng
rng cc c tnh ca sn phm chnh l li ch ca n. Tuy nhin, c tnh l nhng g
sn phm vn c, trong khi li ch l nhng g m khch hng s n nhn, thng thc
v tri nghim. V vy, bn ng bn cho khch hng cun sch, m hy bn cho h kin
thc nm trong cun sch . Khch hng cn bit u l nhng li ch dnh cho h. Sau
khi xc nh c u l li ch v lm th no bn chng, nhiu cng ty bt u b
sung ngy mt nhiu li ch hn. Cc nghin cu khng nh rng bn cn ni bt vi
duy nht mt chi tit m thi. Bn hy tp trung vo yu t m sn phm hay dch v ca
bn khin mi ngi phi tht ln Tuyt vi! v thi thc h tin hnh giao dch mua
sm vi cng ty bn.
57. La chn k lng thng ip tip th trc khi qung b. Ch doanh nghip mi
thng gp phi nhiu tr ngi khi giao dch vi cc phng tin qung co. Nhng t
bo a phng, i pht thanh, truyn hnh v nhiu phng tin khc u c th ly i
ca bn tht nhiu tin bc. Tuy nhin, bn cn nh rng thng ip tip th lun l yu t
quan trng nht trong bt k hot ng tip th no. Bn c th b ra hng trm triu USD
qung co trong gi cao im, nhng nu ni dung qung co ca bn khng hiu qu,
khng thu ht c s ch th s tin s tr nn v ngha. Nh vy, khng phi
phng tin truyn thng, m chnh l thng ip s to ra s khc bit cho chng trnh
qung co, tip th ca bn.

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58. Th nghim, th nghim. Bn nn lin tc th nghim cc thng ip qung co v
loi b nhng ni dung no khng thch hp. T vic s dng cc cng c bn hng qua
in thoi n vic gi i cc tm thip tip th nh k vi nhng cho hng khc nhau,
bn hy thng xuyn th nghim, thu thp kt qu v c gng p dng nhng bin php
thnh cng nht.
59. Hoch nh cho mt tng lai lu di. Mt khi bn xy dng c k hoch tip
th v qung co, c ngha l bn s gn b vi chng trong mt thi gian kh di. Thng
thng, cc cng ty nh ch xem tip th v qung co nh mt hot ng nht thi. H
tin hnh tip th thc y doanh s bn ra v sau do qu bn rn m khng thc thi
bt k hot ng tip th no na. l mt sai lm. V th, bn cn u t cho mt k
hoch tip th v qung co di hn, n nh khng ngng thu ht cc khch hng mi
v a tn tui ca bn ln v tr vng chc trn th trng.
60 - 65: Bn hng nh mt chuyn gia thc th
Mi ngi u bit rng bn hng l mt phn quan trng quyt nh thnh cng trong
kinh doanh, bi v nu khng c khch hng, th khng mt doanh nghip no c th tn
ti. V vy, bn cn phi c mt k hoch k lng a sn phm/dch v t cng ty
ti tn tay cc khch hng.
60. Hiu r bn thn bn. Bn hy t hi: ti sao ngi ta s mua sn phm/dch v ca
bn. Vic c c thng tin v cm nhn ca khch hng i vi sn phm/dch v ca
bn, nhng li ch ca n v n p ng cc nhu cu ca khch hng nh th no s
em li cho bn s t tin cn thit khi bn hng. V s t tin s th hin qua ging ni
v thi ca bn, gip bn tr thnh mt nhn vin bn hng thnh cng.
61. Tip nhn nhng li ni khng. Khi khch hng thng xuyn t chi khng nn
tr thnh mt yu t khin bn nn lng. Hot ng bn hng chu nh hng bi quy
lut ca cc con s. Cho d khch hng ni khng, nhng nu bn vn kin nhn tip
xc vi khch hng, bn s c c cc kt qu tin trin r rt.
62. Tm ra l do ti sao. Hin nay vn cn qu t cng ty tip tc quan tm n khch
hng sau khi giao dch mua sm hon tt. Li khuyn cho bn y l hy khng
ngng a ra cc cu hi sau khi kt thc mt giao dch mua sm v tm hiu l do ti
sao khch hng quyt nh mua sm sn phm/dch v mnh ang cung cp.
63. Ln k hoch cho cc chu trnh kinh doanh. Mi mt loi hnh kinh doanh li c
mt chu trnh bn hng ring bit. Trong sut thi gian xc tin chin lc bn hng, mt
khch hng c th cn c tip xc nhiu ln. Hy s dng kin thc chuyn mn v
nhng nghin cu v i th cnh tranh ca bn xc nh chu trnh bn hng ca bn
cn phi t chc nh th no. Bn c th t c nhng t ph doanh s bn ra trong
sut ma v kinh doanh khng? Bn c chp nhn u t thi gian c c mt giao
dch mua sm khng? Vic mua sm ch c thc hin vo cc dp c bit ca khch
hng trong nm? Khi nm vng cc nhn t to ra mt giao dch mua sm, bn s c th
hoch nh tt hn cc hot ng bn hng ca mnh.

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64. Hng dn, ch bo khch hng. Nhiu chuyn gia bn hng cho rng vic dnh
thi gian hng dn, t vn khch hng v sn phm/dch v l lng ph. Nhng bn
khng nn theo li mn . Bn phi lun trao i, ch bo cc khch hng, chia s thi
gian vi h v lm cho h thy ti sao sn phm/dch v ca bn li tt hn cc i th
cnh tranh.
65. La chn cc knh bn hng thch hp. La chn knh bn hng thch hp sn
phm/dch v ca bn c cung cp ra th trng mt cch tt nht l cng vic v cng
quan trng. Hy im li v s cc la chn (kinh doanh bn l, catalogue v cc nh
phn phi c lp, trang web bn hng, tip th trc tip) m bn c th t chc bn
sn phm, ng thi tm kim cc cch thc khc nhau ti a ho li nhun. Vo thi
gian u, bn c th ngh rng mnh s ch bn hng thng qua cc quy hay ca hng
bn l trn ng ph, nhng sau , bn pht hin ra mt knh phn phi khc l bn
hng trc tuyn thng qua trang web ca bn, qua mt nh bn l trc tuyn hay thm
ch c trn eBay. Vic m ra mt knh mi hon ton c th y mnh doanh s bn hng
v m rng ng k th phn sn phm/dch v ca bn.

PHN 7: QUN L TI CHNH V THU

66 - 70: Qun l cc ngun ti chnh dng cho

mc ch kinh doanh
Bn c th thc hin s sch k ton hay kim sot
tnh hnh ti chnh vi s tr gip ca mt s gi
phn mm k ton dnh ring cho hot ng kinh
doanh ca cc cng ty va v nh. Nhng phn
mm ny lun sn c trn th trng, r v d s
dng. Bn nn tham kho cc chng trnh nh
Microsoft Office Small Business Accounting 2006 (180 USD), Peachtree First
Accounting (100 USD) hay QuickBooks Premier Accountant Edition 2006 (400 USD).
Bn cnh , bn nn tun th ng nhng bc i sau m bo s sch k ton v
tnh hnh ti chnh ca cng ty lun c r rng v n nh.
66. Quan tm ti chu k quay vng tin mt. y l mt trong nhng yu t u tin
bn cn qun l cht ch. Thiu hiu bit v nhu cu v ngun cung cho cc chu k tin
mt, bn khng th rt tin khi kinh doanh phc v cc chi ph sinh hot thng
ngy. V th, bn ng ln k hoch phi c tin mt trang tri cho mc tiu khc ngay
trong thi k ny, m hy xc nh bn phi c c mc li nhun bao nhiu, trc khi
rt tin phc v c nhn. Nu bn cm thy khng th trang tri cc chi ph ring t li
nhun thu c ca hot ng kinh doanh ang khi s, bn khng nn theo ui n na.
67. M mt ti khon chuyn khon cho hot ng kinh doanh ca bn. Bn hy cn
thn ng c s pha trn gia ngun vn kinh doanh v ti khon c nhn, v vic
75 B mt ca Khi s kinh doanh Sachmarrketing.vn CLB sch marketing Vit Nam

Sachmarrketing.vn
s gy nguy him cho ngun ti chnh ca bn, cng nh vi phm mt s quy nh php
lut. Ngoi ra, nu bn gp chung ti sn c nhn v ti sn cng ty, bn s khng c bt
c s bo v php l ti chnh no cho cng ty na. Vi nhng ti khon ring bit, bn
s d dng nhn ra cc chi ph dnh ring cho mc ch kinh doanh, bi v chng c
rt ra t ti khon ca cng ty.
68. Tm kim s tr gip chuyn nghip. l mt nhn vin k ton c nng lc t
mt cng ty nh no . Bn hy thu anh ta lm vic ngoi gi cho bn. Bn hy chun
b danh sch cc cu hi cn thit v ngi k ton s a cho bn nhng cu tr li tt
nht. Cc cu hi c th l: Ti phi thit lp h thng s sch k ton nh th no?
Khi no ti cn np h s xin hon thu? V l nhng loi thu no?
69. Xy dng mi quan h vi ngn hng, thm ch c khi bn khng cn hay khng
mun vay tin. Hy gh thm lm quen v gp g nh qun l ngn hng, ni vi h
bn ang khi s kinh doanh trong lnh vc g, c th nh th no sau ny khi no
bn cn mt khon vay vn, bn s c ngi ng tin trng cy. Nu bn c iu
kin nhn mt khon tn dng no , bn khng nn t chi. Bn hy s dng s tin
u t vo hot ng kinh doanh sinh li v hon tr li ng hn. Nh , bn s
c mt tiu s vay vn tt p vi ngn hng, to c s cho nhng ln vay vn tip
theo.
70. Nu bn c k hoch bn cng ty trong mt ngy no , hy dnh thm cht
thi gian v cng sc c c bn h s ti chnh p mt. Hy nh rng, khi bn
kinh doanh, ngha l bn ang to ra nhng gi tr no , m bo rng bn s bn c
mt ci g trong tng lai. i vi phn ln cc cng ty, vic to ra gi tr ph thuc
rt nhiu vo vic h thu ht c bao nhiu khch hng - nhng ngi mua sm sn
phm ca h v gip h thu li nhun. Bn c th bn c nhng li nhun tng lai
cho nhng ai ngh rng h c th iu hnh cng ty tt hn bn. Ch cn gi tr hin ti
ca bn tip tc tng trng, bn c th bn cng ty ca bn cho bt k ai vo bt c thi
im no.
71 - 75: Nhng li khuyn thng minh v thu
71. Nhn vo bng lng ca bn. y c th l ni n cha nhiu rc ri nht lin
quan n thu v cc c quan thu, thm ch c khi cng ty ch c mt mnh bn l nhn
vin duy nht. Trong trng hp , bn c th s phi np thu thu nhp nh k. S rt
kh khn cho cc ch doanh nghip tr d on mt cch chnh xc thu nhp trong mt
nm. Tuy nhin, li l quy nh bt buc, v bn vn s c trch nhim np cc khon
thu thu nhp ny.
72. Cn thn trong vic c tnh thu nhp, cc khon thu chm sc y t v an ninh
x hi. Mi vic s phc tp hn nu bn hay v, chng bn tham gia vo cng vic ca
doanh nghip. Nu bn khng xc nh v k khai ng mc thu nhp, bn c th phi
chu cc khon tin pht cng li sut tr chm. Nu bn c thi gian v quyt tm, vic
nghin cu k lng v vn ny s gip bn k khai chnh xc thu nhp v trnh

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Sachmarrketing.vn
nhng rc ri v thu. Nu bn khng t lm c, hy sm ngh n vic nh cy cc
chuyn gia v thu.
73. Nh n s tr gip ca cc chuyn gia, c bit l khi bn c nhiu nhn vin.
Cng vi s gia tng s lng nhn vin, cc cng vic lin quan n thu cng dn tr
nn phc tp hn, bi ngi ng u cng ty s chu trch nhim cho cc khon thu
thu nhp v k khai thu nh k hng thng hay hng qu. Bn nn thu mt chuyn gia
v thu, v nu s lng nhn vin tng ln nhiu ln, bn hy thu mt hng dch v
thu gip bn m nhim cng vic ny. Tuy nhin bn cng ng qu lo lng - khng
mt ch doanh nghip no c th trnh c cc rc ri v thu trong sut thi gian kinh
doanh.
74. Ghi li tng chi ph kinh doanh c th. Nu bn ch c mt chic xe hi v bn s
dng n cho c cng vic kinh doanh ln mc ch c nhn, bn nn u t mua mt
chic xe but nh v mt quyn s ghi li tng ln s dng ca chic xe. Bn ghi li
nhng cuc gi in thoi bn hng, nhng chuyn i nhn hng v giao hng, phc v
nhu cu ca khch hng hay bt c ln s dng no khc v mc ch kinh doanh. iu
ny s gip bn gim thiu cc khon thu thu nhp doanh nghip phi np, bi nhng
khon chi ph kinh doanh s c khu tr, ng thi n cng s gip bn trnh c
cc rc ri trong trng hp cn phi kim ton. Bn c th d dng b c quan thu kim
tra (h bit rng phn ln mi ngi u khng ghi chp li mi chi ph kinh doanh), do
y l mt trong nhng th thut v thu hiu qu nht cho cc ch cng ty nh. Ch
mt vi ng tc nh nhng cng ng gi hng nghn USD mi nm y.
75. Ngh v thi k v hu ca bn. Cho d bn mi khi s kinh doanh v xem ra lc
v hu cn u kh xa trong tng lai, nhng bn cng nn quan tm ti thi k ny
cng cc khon thu tit kim c cho mt k hoch ngh hu thch hp. Quy nh ti
mi ni s rt khc nhau, hy nghin cu k lng cc quy nh ca a phng bn
m bo rng nhng ng tin kim c trong kinh doanh s khng phi dnh qu nhiu
cho cc khon thu lc v hu.
Sau cng, cuc sng trn thng trng t ra cho bn y ry s la chn trong bc
khi s kinh doanh. Nu bn mun tr thnh ch doanh nghip, bn nn dnh i cht
thi gian quan tm n nhng cng vic cn thit trong gia on khi s. Vic ny s
em li cho bn nhiu c hi qu gi c c tin bc, quan h, a v v danh ting,...
nhng th m bn s khng th c, hoc c rt t, nu bn lm thu cho ngi khc.
Ton b 75 b mt trong cm nang khi s trn y khng h c ba t ngu nhin,
m chng c c kt t kinh nghim ca hng ngn doanh nhn ti ba trn th gii.
Mi ngi mt v, khng ai lm c tt c nhng iu trn, song bn nn quan tm ti
chng ri cng thm mt cht bn lnh, tho vt, c sng to v kt hp vi cc iu
kin thin thi, a li, nhn ho, nhng tng ban u s mau chng pht trin thnh
mt cng ty vng mnh trn thng trng.
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Hc khi s kinh doanh ti http://im.edu.vn

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