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Isothermal change:
It is a change to a gas system occurring at constant temperature.
Adiabatic change:
It is a change to a gas system occurring without heat entering or leaving the gas system.
Thermal conductivity is the rate of heat flow per unit cross-sectional area per unit temperature gradient.
Principle of conservation of energy:
The total energy of a closed system is always constant.
Centripetal force:
The resultant force needed to keep a body move In a circular path and it is directed towards the center
of the circular path.
Newtons law of gravitational:
The magnitude of gravitational attractive force between two particles is directly proportional to the
product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart.
Gravitational field strength:
The gravitational field strength at a point in a gravitational field is defined as gravitational force per unit
mass acting on a body placed at a point.
A synchronous satellite is a satellite which remains stationary relative to a stationary observer from
earth.
Gravitational potential:
Gravitational potential at a point in a gravitational field is defined as work done in bringing a unit mass
from infinity to the point.
Gravitational potential energy, u:
The gravitational potential energy of a body at a point in the gravitational field is defined as a work done
in bringing a body from infinity to a point.
Escape velocity is the minimum projected velocity for a body to escape into infinity from the surface of a
planet.
The centre of gravity of a body is defined as a single point where the whole weight of the body acts.
Hookes law:
The extension of a material is directly proportional to the force applied provided the proportional limit
of the material is not exceeded.
Elastic potential energy / strain energy is the work done of stretching of a material.