HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

INH VN MNH

XY DNG H THNG TH NGHIM NH GI

CHT LNG VNG PH SNG 3G
Chuyn ngnh: K thut vin thng
M s: 60.52.02.08

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS NG HOI BC

TM TT LUN VN THC S

H NI 2013

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M U
1. L do chn ti
Nh chng ta bit, vic kim tra cht lng ca mng thng tin
di ng l nhu cu v cng l yu cu bt buc i vi cc nh cung cp dch v
thng tin di ng. Trong vic kho st cht lng ph sng ca mng l mt
trong nhng yu t quan trng nht. Nhng hin ti, tin hnh vic kho st
ny ang cn n vic s dng cc my mc chuyn dng rt t tin v mt rt
nhiu nhn cng cng nh thi gian di chuyn my ti tng a bn o c,
cc kt qu o c c mang tnh tc thi, khng th hin c c qu trnh
kho st trong mt thi gian di.
Bn cnh , cc thit b phc vic kim tra ny ch c cung cp
bi mt vi hng ln nh Sony Ericson, Motorola nhng u l cc thit b rt
t tin, ch ph hp cho o kim tra cht lng mng li, khng ph hp vi
vic kho st nh gi cht lng ph sng din rng nh nu trn.
2. Mc ch nghin cu:
Xut pht t cc vn nu trn, vic nghin cu xy dng h
thng th nghim nh gi cht lng ph sng mng thng tin di ng 3G l rt
cn thit. Mc tiu ca vic nghin cu nh gi cht lng, hiu qu u t xy
dng h thng t ng o c thng s v mng di ng ti nhiu a im khc
nhau ti cng mt thi im v truyn kt qu v trung tm. N cho php kho
st cht lng ph sng mng thng tin di ng nhanh chng, chnh xc, linh
ng v tit kim. L c s xy dng, pht trin thm cc tnh nng khc nh
kim tra cht lng dch v, cc h thng o c, iu khin tng t trong
ngnh vin thng v cc ngnh cng nghip khc.

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Kt qu ti v ti liu tham khi cc c quan qun l, cc

doanh nghip vin thng c nh hng pht trin v la chn p dng.
3. i tng v phm vi nghin cu
- Nghin cu nh gi v s cn thit ca vic nh gi cht lng vng
ph sng
- Nghin cu v vic thit k thit b thu thp thng tin mng 3G
- Nghin cu v m hnh thu thp d liu qua mng GPRS
- Nghin cu vic thit k c s d liu v Web
- Nghin cu a ra nh gi d kin v hiu qu u t ca d n
- Khuyn ngh v kh nng ng dng trn mng thng tin di ng Vit
Nam
Chng 1
CC THNG S V CHT LNG PH SNG MNG DI NG
1.1. S cn thit ca vic nh gi cht lng vng ph
1.1.1. Khi nim v vng ph
Trong vin thng, vng ph ca mt trm v tuyn c th c hiu l mt
vng a l m trm c th giao tip vi cc thit b thu/pht. Ta cng c th
hiu, vng ph l vng m tn hiu v tuyn c th vn ti. Vng ph ca mt
trm v tuyn ph thuc vo nhiu yu t, nh: a hnh, a vt ca tuyn
truyn sng (v d nh ni, ta nh), k thut v tn s v tuyn s dng.
1.1.2. Mi quan h gia dung lng, cht lng v vng ph
Dung lng mng v tuyn trong cc mng di ng t bo c th c hiu
l s lng ngi dng ti mt thi im trong mi t bo.Thng thng, dung
lng cung cp t l thun vi rng bng tn s dng. Chnh v th, vi cc h
thng thng tin di ng ni chung, rng bng tn v s dng hiu qu ti

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nguyn bng thng l cc vn c quan tm. Tuy nhin, trong h thng

thng tin di ng th h 3, s dng bng tn li khng phi l vn cn phi
quan tm hng u. Cng ngh a truy nhp phn chia theo m (CDMA - Code
Division Multiple Access) trong mng ny s dng k thut tri ph cho php
nhiu ngi s dng c th chim cng knh v tuyn ti cng mt thi im
yu cu dch v s m bo c hiu qu s dng bng tn ngay c khi ph ca
mi tn hiu c tri rng hng trm ln trc khi a ln ng truyn. Ngi
dng cn c phc v chng no cn knh lu lng trm gc. Mt khc, h
s ti s dng tn s trong cc mng CDMA bng 1, c ngha l cc trm gc
gn nhau c th s dng chung mt tn s. Chnh v iu ny m cc mng
CDMA c coi l c dung lng cao hn so vi cc mng s dng cng ngh
khc.
Tuy nhin, vn ny sinh trong cc mng 3G s dng cng ngh CDMA
l s nh hng ca nhiu a ngi s dng (MUI - Multiple User Interference)
hay cn c gi l nhiu a truy cp (MAI - Multiple Access Interference).
Nhiu MAI lm t s tn hiu trn tp m gim mnh c th lm cho my thu
khng tch c tn hiu ca mnh. iu ny ng ngha vi vic, khi dung
lng mng tng, ti mng s tng nhng mc nhiu tng ln, chnh v vy m
cht lng dch v s gim. gim nhiu giao thoa chng ta c th hoc l
gim s ngi s dng hoc l gim cng sut pht ca cc trm gc. Vi cch
th nht th r rng dung lng mng s b gim. Cch th hai, ngoi vic lm
gim mc cng sut thu c cc my thu v v th m lm cht lng cuc
gi b nh hng th n cn ko theo vng ph ca trm gc cng b thay i.
Ngc li, nu mun tng rng vng ph, th m bo t s tn hiu trn
tp m trong ngng cho php (tc l m bo cht lng dch v) ta buc phi

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gim dung lng mng. Ty theo tng iu kin c th m ta c cc gii php x

l cho tht ph hp.
Qua vic phn tch trn ta nhn thy rng nh gi cht lng vng ph ca
mt mng di ng l cn thit.
1.2. Cc thng s c bn nh gi cht lng vng ph v mng.
Cht lng vng ph c nh hng trc tip n cht lng mng.Ngc
li, cht lng mng cng phn nh cht lng vng ph.V vy, nh gi
cht lng vng ph ca mng thng tin di ng c th xem xt thng qua cc
thng s sau.
1.2.1. Rxlev (Received signal level)
Rxlev: l cng tn hiu thu c tnh theo dBm. Trong cc h thng
thng tin di ng, Rxlev l mc cng sut tn hiu thu c ti UE (User
Equipment) (hng xung) hoc BTS (hng ln).
Rxlev l mt tham s c th c dng nh gi vng ph ca mt trm
gc cng nh nh gi kh nng kt ni gia(UE) v trm gc. Rxlev cng ln
th mc thu cng tt.
Yu cu ti thiu ca Rxlev i vi mt h thng di ng mt t l -110
dBm, c chia thnh 64 mc khc nhau t 0 n 63. Khi mc thu Rxlev < -110
dBm th c quy v mc Rxlev = 0, cn khi mc thu Rxlev > -47 dBm s c
quy v mc Rxlev = 63.
1.2.2. RxQual (Receiver signal quality):
RxQual l mc cht lng tn hiu thu c, c s dng phn nh
cht lng sng v tuyn v c th hin thng qua t l li bit BER.
RxQual c chia thnh 8 mc c gi tr t 0 n 7, mi mc tng ng
vi mt t l li bt trong nhm li.

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1.2.3. T s EC/I0
Trong cc h thng thng tin tri ph ni chung, h thng di ng th h 3
ni ring, nhiu MAI c nh hng rt ln n cht lng ng truyn. V vy,
nh gi cht lng ng truyn ngi ta thay th t s Eb/N0 bng t s
EC/I0.
EC/I0 l t s nng lng chip trn mt ph cng sut nhiu, n v l dB.
T s EC/I0 c o ti my thu xc nh mc sch ca mt tn
hiu. y l tham s quan trng c s dng trong vic quyt nh chuyn giao
nng cao cht lng ng truyn.
Gi tr ca EC/I0 lun thay i i vi bt k h thng v tuyn no. Nu
mc EC/I0 qu thp th khng th thc hin c kt ni hoc l b rt cuc gi
ngay c khi mc tn hiu thu c l tt.
Trong cc mng v tuyn ni chung, mng di ng 3G ni ring, mc
EC/I0>-10 dBm c coi l tt. T s EC/I0 ph thuc rt nhiu vo hot ng
iu khin cng sut ca mng. C th, nu iu khin cng sut tt, MAI nh
th I0 nh s lm cho EC/I0 tng ln v ngc li.
Trong mng thng tin di ng 3G, ngi ta thng quan tm l t s EC/I0
ca knh hoa tiu (CPICH Ec/I0)
1.2.4. T l chuyn giao cng thnh cng (HHOSR - Hard Handover Success
Ratio)
Chuyn giao cng l th tc chuyn giao m tt c cc lin kt v tuyn c
kt ni n UE c gii phng trc khi mt kt ni mi c thit lp.

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Chuyn giao cng c th c chia thnh: chuyn giao cng ni tn (Intraferquency Hard Handover) v chuyn giao cng lin tn (Inter-frequency Hard
Handover)
a. Chuyn giao cng ni tn (Intra- frequency Hard Handover):
Lin kt v tuyn c v lin kt v tuyn mi s dng chung mt tn s.
Chuyn giao cng ni tn ch s dng trong cc iu kin sau :
- Khng c giao din Iur gia ngun v RNC (Radio Network Controller)
mc tiu.
-

UE ang s dng PS RAB (Packet Switching Radio Access Bearer) ti

tc ln hn ngng t trc.

b. Chuyn giao cng lin tn (Inter-frequency Hard Handover)

Trong chuyn giao cng lin tn, cc lin kt v tuyn c v mi s dng
cc tn s khc nhau. N bao gm cc loi:
- Chuyn giao da trn vng ph: UE c th ri khi vng ph ca tn s
hin ti trong khi di chuyn. Trong trng hp ny, RNC phi thc hin
vic chuyn giao lin tn khng b rt cuc gi.
- Chuyn giao da vo ti: mc ch l cn bng bng ti gia cc tn
s ca cc cell.
- Chuyn giao da trn tc : Trong trng hp ny, hot ng chuyn
giao da trn thut ton d on tc ca HCS (Hierarchical Cell
Structure). UE c tc cao s c chuyn giao n cell c vng ph
rng gim tn s chuyn giao, UE c tc thp c chuyn ti cell
c vng ph nh hn v dung lng ln hn tng dung lng h
thng.

-7-

nh gi cht lng mng ngi ta c th nh gi qua tham s

HHOSR:

Trong :

- Intra-freq Hard HO l chuyn giao cng ni tn

- Inter-freq Hard HO l chuyn giao cng lin tn

Ngi ta cng c th nh gi cht lng mng trc tip qua t l chuyn

giao cng lin tn thnh cng Inter-Freq Handover Success Rate:

1.2.5. T l thnh cng chuyn giao cng gia cc cng ngh truy nhp v
tuyn (Inter-RAT Hard Handover Succes Rate - Inter-RAT Hard HO SR)
Inter-RAT Hard Handover l th tc chuyn giao chuyn kt ni UE t
cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn (RAT - Radio access technology) (v d UTRAN)
ti mt cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn khc (v d GSM).
RNC h tr cho c chuyn giao t GSM n UTRAN v ngc li trong c
mim chuyn mch knh (CS) v min chuyn mch gi (PS).
Cc loi v iu kin chuyn giao t UMTS n GSM gm:
- Chuyn giao da vo vng ph: Khi CPICH EC/N0 hoc CPICH RSCP
(Received Signal Code Power) nh hn ngng yu cu trong khi GSM
c RSSI(Received signal strength indicator) ln hn mc ngng t
trc.
- Chuyn giao da vo ti: Khi ti trong cell UMTS m UE kt ni n
ln hn mc ngng v ln hn ca GSM, thm vo , tt c cc dch
v ca UE c h tr bi GSM th chuyn giao da trn ti t UMTS
n GSM c thc hin.

-8-

- Chuyn giao da trn dch v: khi mt dch v c thit lp, mng li

(CN - Core Network) yu cu chuyn giao dch v ti GSM.
Inter-RAT Hard HO SR c tnh theo cng thc:

1.2.6. T l chuyn giao mm thnh cng (SHOSR - Soft Handover Success

Ratio)
Chuyn giao mm v mm hn l th tc chuyn giao da trn nguyn tc:
tt c cc lin kt v tuyn c c kt ni n cc UE c gii phng sau khi
mt kt ni mi c thit lp.
Chuyn giao mm v mm hn s dng nhiu kt ni t mt UE n nhiu
nt B. Danh sch cc nt B tham gia kt ni vi cc UE trong trng hp ny
c gi l tp tch cc - active set.
Thc cht ca chuyn giao mm v mm hn l mt qu trnh m trong
mt (hay on ) hoc c kt np hoc b loi ra khi tp tch cc.
Chuyn giao mm cng c nh hng n t l rt cuc gi. T l chuyn
giao mm thnh cng (SHOSR - Soft HandOver Success Rate) c tnh theo
cng thc:

1.2.7. T l thit lp cuc gi thnh cng (CSSR - Call Setup Success Rate)
Qu trnh thit lp mt cuc gi c thc hin thng qua ba bc chnh
sau:

-9-

Establish
RRC
Connection

Non
Access
Stratum

Radio
Access
Bearer

Hnh 1.2. Qu trnh thit lp cuc gi

u tin, UE phi truy nhp UTRAN v thit lp mt kt ni RRC (Radio
Resource Control). Sau khi kt ni ny c hon thnh, cc bn tin NAS (Non
Access Stratum) c trao i gia UE v mng li (CN - Core Network), v d
nh: yu cu dch v, nhn thc, bo mtCui cng l qu trnh thit lp knh
mang truy nhp v tuyn (RAB: Radio Access Bearer)gia CN v UE.
Nh vy, t l thit lp cuc gi thnh cng ph thuc vo c t l thnh
cng thit lp RRC v RAB v c tnh theo cng thc sau:

Ty vo loi hnh dch v tac c th chia t l thit lp cuc gi thnh cng

lm hai loi chnh: CS CSSR (Circuit Switching CSSR) v PS CSSR (Packet
Switching CSSR). Trong CS CSSR li c th c chia thnh CSV CSSR (i
vi cuc gi thoi) v CSD CSSR (i vi cuc gi Video)
1.2.8. T l rt cuc gi (CDR - Call Drop Rate)
T l rt cuc gi l mt trong cc c trng ca mng v tuyn. Rt cuc
gi l hin tng mt cuc gi b gin on m nguyn nhn khng phi do cc
bn tham gia cuc gi gy nn. Cuc gi b rt c th l do vng ph sng, do
nhiu hoc cng c th do thiu ti nguyn. S cuc gi b rt c th c tnh
ton nh h thng hoc cng c th da vo th nghim truyn dn xc nh
v tr c vn .

- 10 -

T l rt cuc gi c chia thnh hai loi: CS CDR (Circuit Switching

CDR) v PS CDR (Packet Switching CDR) v c tnh theo cc cng thc sau
y:

T l rt cuc gi chuyn mch knh li c chia thnh hai loi nh l t

l rt cuc gi thoi (CSV Drop Rate) v t l rt cuc gi video (CSD Drop
Rate).T l rt cuc gi chuyn mch gi cn c gi l PSD Drop Rate.
1.2.9. Mt s thng tin v mng
Thng tin v mng nhm ch cc thng tin v trng thi ca mng.Cc
thng tin ny c trao i gia mng v cc UE. Mt s thng tin v mng nh
sau:
- System Mode: Ch hot ng ca h thng. C hai ch :
NO SERVICE: khi UE mt sng.
GSM hoc WCDMA: sng khu vc kho st l ca mng GSM
hay WCDMA.
- Operation Mode: Ch hot ng ca UE. N c th c mt trong s
cc gi tr sau:
Online: UE ang hot ng.
Factory Test Mode: Ch kim tra cu hnh gc
Reset
Low Power Mode: hot ng ch cng sut thp.

- 11 -

- MCC (Mobile Country Code): m nc di ng. y l thng tin v

phn u tin ca m PLMN.
- MNC (Mobile Network Code): m mng di ng. y l thng tin v
phn tip theo ca m PLMN.
- LAC (Location Area Code): m v trvng
- Cell ID: thng tin nhn dng cell dch v.
- Frequency Band: thng tin v di tn s tp tch cc
- Frequency: tn s ng xung ca tp tch cc
1.2.10. Bng tham s cht lng ph sng ca mt s nh mng
a. Mt s ch tiu PKI ca Vinaphone

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Bng 1.2. Mt s ch tiu PKI ca Vinaphone

TT

Tham s KPI

Din gii

1
Ec/No ca Pilot
T l li thit lp cuc
CSV Access Failure Rate gi thoi min CS
T l ri cuc gi thoi
CSV Drop Rate
min CS
CPICH Ec/No
5
6

1
1

T l li thit lp cuc
CSD Access Failure Rate gi d liu min CS

1
2

CSD Drop Rate

97% s mu c CPICH
Ec/Io 12dB
2.0 %
2.0 %

2.0 %

2.5 %

T l li chuyn giao
SoftHandoverFailureRate mm

SoftHandoverFailureRate
2%

T l li thit lp cuc
PSD Access Failure Rate gi d liu min PS

2.0 %

0
2
1

T l ri cuc gi d
liu min CS

Mc ngng ngh

PSD Drop Rate

T l ri cuc gi d
liu min PS

b. Mt s ch tiu PKI ca T-Mobile USA, Inc

2.0 %

- 13 -

Bng 1.3.Mt s ch tiu PKI ca T-Mobile USA, Inc

Gi tr yu cu
S TT

Tham s PKI
Pre-Launch

CSV Drop Rate

2.0 %

Launch
2.0 %

Post-Launch
2.0%
3.0 % (Using
Counter method)

CSD Drop Rate

2.5 %

2.5 %

PSD Drop Rate

2.5 %

2.0%

CSV Access Failure

2.0 %
Rate

2.0 %

2.0 %

CSD Access Failure

3.0%
Rate

2.0 %

2.0 %

PSD Access Failure

2.0 %
Rate

2.0 %

2.0 %

Soft/Softer
1.6
Handover Overhead

1.6

1.7

CSV IRAT Failure

N/A
Rate

5.0 %

5.0%

PSD IRAT Failure

N/A
Rate

5.0 %

5.0 %

2.5 % (Using
Drive Test method)
2.0 %

- 14 -

1.3. Cc tham s kho st bi b cng c

C rt nhiu cc tham s khc nhau c th c dng nh gi cht
lng vng ph cng nh cht lng mng 3G. Tuy nhin, trong ti ny, gii
hn mt s tham s c la chn theo di nh sau:
- Rxlev
- RxQual
- EC/I0
- T l thit lp cuc gi thnh cng
- Mt s thng tin khc v mng:
System Mode
Operation Mode.
MCC (Mobile Country Code
MNC (Mobile Network Code)
Cell ID
Frequency Band
Frequency.

- 15 -

CHNG 2: QUY TRNH O P DNG TRONG MNG DI NG

Yu t chnh quyt nh thnh cng ca dch v (di ng cng nh bt k

dch v no khc) l mc hi lng ca khch hng i vi dch v. Do vy, nh
vn hnh mng cn phi o kim/nh gi c cht lng mng theo cm nhn
ca khch hng.
vic o kim nh gi ng cht lng mng di ng, cht lng dch v
cng nh ti u mng v nh c mng li, cc nh mng phi nh gi v a
ra cc quy trnh o kim (mc tiu, cc bi o, thit b o, iu kin o, phng
php, kt qu cn o,trn cc tham s khc nhau), c th nh trnh by sau
y:

2.1 QUY TRNH O

2.1.1 Cc tham s nh gi cht lng ph sng

o tham s CPICH Ec/Io nh gi cht lng mng, cht lng dch v

cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c mng li. Kt qu cn t c
l ti thiu 97% s mu o c gi tr CPICH Ec/Io 12dB
2.1.2 Cc tham s min chuyn mch knh

T l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht lng
mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c mng
li. Kt qu cn t c l t l li thit lp cuc gi thoi trong min chuyn
mch knh: CSV_Aceess_Failure_Rate 2%

T l ri cuc gi min chuyn mch knh

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c

- 16 -

mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l ri cuc gi thoi trong min chuyn

mch knh: CSV_Drop_Rate 2%

T l li thit lp cuc gi d liu min chuyn mch knh

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c
mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l li thit lp cuc gi thoi trong min
chuyn mch knh: CSD_Aceess_Failure_Rate 2%

T l ri cuc gi d liu min chuyn mch knh

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c
mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l ri cuc gi video trong min chuyn
mch knh: CSD_Drop_Rate 2.5%

T l li chuyn giao mm
o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c
mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l li chuyn giao ca cuc gi thoi trong
min chuyn mch knh: SoftHandoverFailureRate 2%

2.1.3 Cc tham s min chuyn mch gi

T l li thit lp cuc gi d liu min chuyn mch gi

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c
mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l li thit lp cuc gi thoi trong min
chuyn mch knh: CSD_Aceess_Failure_Rate 2%

- 17 -

T l ri cuc gi d liu min chuyn mch gi

o t l li thit lp cuc gi min chuyn mch knh nh gi cht
lng mng, cht lng dch v cng nh ti u mng v tuyn v nh c
mng li. Kt qu cn t c l t l li thit lp cuc gi thoi trong min
chuyn mch knh: CSD_Aceess_Failure_Rate 2%
Chng 3
XY DNG H THNG THU THP THNG TIN VNG PH SNG
MNG 3G
3.1 La chn thit b thu nhp d liu:
c th thu thp cc thng s ca mng vin thng cn phi c mt thit
b tng t nh my di ng giao tip vi mng vin thng nhng phi
c kh nng giao tip tt vi ngi s dng v tr v cc thng s ca nh
mng. Trong ti yu cu kho st thng s ca mng 3G v tr kho
st. Do thit b kho st phi c c chc nng GPS v giao tip vi
mng 3G.Module SIM5218 c chn thu thp cc thng s t nh
mng.
3.2 Cc thao tc vi module SIM5218 lin quan n ng dng GPRS
- Gii thiu module SIM5218: L mt module c chc nng nh mt thit
b di ng v cho php ngi s dng c th d dng truy xut thng qua
tp lnh AT.
- Cc ch hot ng ca module SIM5218
- Khi to cu hnh mc nh cho modem
- Khi to module SIM508
- Thit lp kt ni GPRS gia module SIM5218 v GPRS TCP server
- Truyn nhn gi TCP gia modem v GPRS server
- Truyn nhn gi TCP gia modem v GPRS server

- 18 -

- Hy kt ni GPRS gia modem v server.

3.3 Thit k phn cng iu khin SIM5218v x l d liu
- S lc v phn cng
- Gii thiu s lc v vi iu khin dsPic30F4011
- Thit k phn cng cho b iu khin trung tm
- Lu thut ton v firmware cho b iu khin trung tm
3.4 M hnh h thng thu thp d liu qua mng GPRS
- Vi tnh nng kt ni vi cc h thng mng bn ngoi thng qua GGSN,
GPRS cho php thit lp mt ng truyn t u cui thu bao mng
GSM s dng dch v GPRS n mt u cui ca cc h thng mng
khc, qua cho php thit k mt h thng thu thp d liu rt linh ng.
-

Trong cc ng dng thng thng, vic phn tch, lu tr, vn hnh da

trn dliu thu thp c t cc u cui mng GPRS s c thc hin
bi mt my tnh, v y l cc thao tc phc tp v i hi nhiu ti
nguyn. Do vic thit lp mt lin kt gia u cui mng GPRS v
my tnh l cn thit. Vi li th v h thng c s h tng rng khp v
kh nng truyn nhn d liu tc cao, ng tin cy, phng n ti u l
lin kt thng qua Internet.

- u cui mng GPRS s truyn nhn d liu vi my tnh c kt ni

Internet thng qua ng truyn sau: u cui GPRS -> BTS -> SGSN ->
Mng xng sng GPRS -> GGSN -> ISP -> Router -> mng Local-Area
Network -> My tnh.
3.5 S lc v GPRS TCP server
- y l chng trnh trn my tnh dng truyn nhn cc gi TCP gia
modem GPRS v my tnh c kt ni vi ng truyn internet cng
cng ADSL.

- 19 -

Trong thc t c nhiu s la chn v cng c xy dng chng trnh

ng dng, tuy nhin cng c Microsoft Winsock Control c la chn do cc
nguyn nhn sau:
- tin cy cao.
- D dng xy dng ng dng da trn cc cng c ca Microsoft Visual
Studio.
- Ph hp vi cc ng dng da trn lp TCP/UDP.

3.6 Kt hp hai phng thc truyn nhn d liu bng GPRS v SMS.
ng dng GPRS trong truyn nhn d liu mang li nhiu u th hn so vi
SMS:
- Chi ph duy tr h thng thp hn rt nhiu ln so vi SMS.
- Tc nhanh, dung lng thng tin cho php truyn ti ln.
- tin cy cao.
- Ch ng c trng thi ng truyn.
- Tng thch vi nhiu m hnh ng dng, t n gin n phc tp.

- 20 -

NH GI VIC TH NGHIM THIT B T NG KHO ST

CHT LNG PH SNG MNG THNG TIN DI NG 3G
Sau qu trnh thit k v ch to thit b t ng kho st cht lng ph
sng mng thng tin di ng 3G c a vo th nghim trong thc t v thu
c kt qu trnh by trong bo co.
Thit b s dng 2 anten ngoi c nam chm thun tin cho vic gn ln mui
xe khi di chuyn hoc gn vo nhng vt c t tnh.
1. Kt qu th nghim thit b.
Thit b sau lp rp c chy th v hiu chnh cc tnh nng m bo
thit b hot ng ng theo cng c xy dng. Thit b c t c
nh ti mt a im v lin tc thu thp cc thng tin v mng thng tin di
ng 3G. Trong giai on u ca qu trnh th nghim cc thng tin thu thp
c gim st ti ch thng qua ng truyn RS232 v my tnh. Vic thu thp
d liu ngay ti v tr t thit b gip cho qu trnh gim st v chnh sa thun
tin hn. D liu khng c truyn qua nhiu node mng m c truyn ngay
ti my tnh s gim thiu nhng sai st xy ra trong qu trnh truyn thng. Sau
khi chun ha khung truyn cho ph hp vi giao thc c xy dng pha
trn server thit b c cu hnh theo cc thng tin mng truyn cc bn tin
v thng tin ca mng thng tin di ng qua internet v server.
Thit b c lp trnh tun t theo thi gian t ng kho st thng s v
t ng truyn thng s v trung tm. Bn di th hin mt s mu theo thi
gian m thit b thu thp c v gi v my tnh.
Sau khi tm hiu v cc thng s cn nh gi ca mng thng tin di ng 3G
v la chn module c th thu thp cc thng tin , thng tin sau khi thu

- 21 -

c c t chc thnh mt khung d liu thun tin cho qu trnh truyn

d liu v trung tm cng nh qu trnh phn tch v qun l d liu.

Cc mu thu c ti v tr t thit b c cha thng tin v mng thng

tin di ng 3G ti v tr . Sau qu trnh th nghim v kim tra tnh n nh d
liu m thit b thu thp c phn TCP server c xy dng trn my tnh v
c th nghim kt hp vi thit b t ti hin trng.
2. Kt qu th nghim kt ni vi phn mm TCP Server
Trong thc t c nhiu s la chn v cng c xy dng chng trnh ng
dng, tuy nhin cng c Microsoft Winsock Control c la chn do cc
nguyn nhn sau:
-

tin cy cao.

D dng xy dng ng dng da trn cc cng c ca Microsoft Visual

Studio.

Ph hp vi cc ng dng da trn lp TCP/UDP.

Chng trnh ng dng c xy dng trn lp TCP cho php nng cao tnh
linh ng ca ng dng, do khng phi ph thuc vo cc ng dng lp cao
hn nh FTP, HTTP, ng thi cho php gim bt d liu lu thng trn ng
truyn, tit kim chi ph duy tr h thng, do khng phi thm vo cc protocol
tng thch vi cc ng dng cc lp cao. Ngoi ra, module SIM5218 ch h
tr TCP/IP stack n lp TCP/IP, do vic xy dng ng dng trn chng giao
thc TCP/IP l s la chn ph hp nht.

- 22 -

Sau qu trnh th nghim v hiu chnh phn mm TCP Server thu c

ng v cc gi d liu t di thit b gi ln v thc hin update thnh
cng vo c s d liu.
Phn mm TCP server c ci t trn mt my ch c a ch IP v tn
min xc nh. Pha di thit b c khai bo v ci t mi thng tin t
thit b gi ln u c gi ti a ch IP ca TCP server. Trong giai on u
cc thng tin t thit b gi ln c thu thp v phn tch tm cch chun ha
khung truyn v cc th tc nhn dng gia pha client v server m bo
ng truyn chnh xc khng b sai lch cng nh khng b nhm bn tin v
xc nh i vi cc client trong mng trnh b xm nhp bi cc i tng
khng xc nh bn ngoi. Sau khi d liu m bo chnh xc v tin cy s
dng thut ton lp trnh tch d liu di dng mt khung truyn thnh cc
trng khc nhau. Cc trng ny s tng ng vi cc thng s cn kho st t
mng thng tin di ng 3G. Sau thng tin ny s c a vo cc trng
trong c s d liu c th qun l v hin th.

3. Kt qu th nghim qun l trn website.

Website l thnh phn c xy dng sau cng. N gip ngi qun l c
ci nhn trc quan i vi h thng v c th d dng nm bt c cc thng s
m b cng c t ng thu thp cht lng ph sng mng thng tin di ng 3G
gi v.
Phn mm website c xy dng vi trang ch hin th trng thi hin thi
ca cc im kho st do ngi s dng t thit b kho st. Khi kch chut vo
v tr ca im t thit b mt bng hin th cc gi tr tc thi m b cng c
kho st thu thp c.

- 23 -

Khi ngi s dng kch vo chi tit mt trang web nh s c m ra trong

th hin cc thng s thng k theo thi gian gip ngi qun l d dng truy
xut vo c s d liu qun l thng tin m b cng c t ng thu thp c
theo thi gian.
KT LUN
Trn c s cc ni dung cng c ph duyt, ti tp trung
gii quyt cc vn sau y:
Nghin cu cc thng s v cht lng ph sng cn kho st i vi mt
mng thng tin di ng. Qua qu trnh nghin cu v phn tch nhm tc gi
la chn mt s cc thng s quan trng kho st. Cc thng s c cp
n trong ni dung ca chng 1.
Thit k ch to th nghim cc thit b nh v, o c kho st cc thng
s c bn v cht lng ph sng mng thng tin di ng.
Thit k ch to th nghim thit b lu tr v truyn/nhn cc thng s
kho st c v trung tm.
Vit phn mm thu thp v thng k mt s thng s kho st m thit b
bn di thu thp v gi ln. Phn mm hin th tt kt qu cc thng s c
o c v c lu trong c s d liu tin vic qun l.
B cng c th nghim t ng kho st cht lng ph sng mng thng
tin di ng 3G thc hin vic thu thp thng s t mng thng tin di ng 3G
v truyn thng tin v trung tm v c lu tr bi h thng qun l c s d
liu trn trung tm gip thun tin cho vic phn tch nh gi v tnh hnh mng
vin thng trong mt khu vc a l c t b cng c.

- 24 -

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Shanghai SIMCom Wireless Solutions Ltd. SIM5218_Serial_AT Command
Manual_V1.21 1/13/2011.
[2] Website http://www.telecomhall.com.

[3] GSM Technology for Engineers, AIRCOM International 2002.

[4] Fiach Reid, Network Programming in .NET, Elsevier Digital Press, 2004.
[5] George Schlossnagle, Advanced PHP Programming Sams Publishing, 2004.