XC NH VN TC V LU LNG KH THI

PHNG PHP 2 - USEPA

Phm Th Hu
Trung tm Quan trc mi trng
Tng cc Mi trng
Hi tho tp hun, hng dn quan trc kh thi ng khi bng
phng php ng ng lc - isokinetic, H Ch Minh 10 - 12/11/2014

MC TIU

Sau khi hon thnh bi hc ny, bn s c th:

1. Hiu c nguyn l ca phng php
2. Xc nh cc bc c bn tnh ton vn tc v lu
lng kh thi
3. Nm c phng php 2 s h tr cho phng php 5
- ly mu bi

NI DUNG

Nguyn l
o c
Tnh ton, x l s liu

PHNG PHP 2

Ti sao hin nay Vit Nam t o lu lng ?

1. Cc tiu chun/quy chun Vit Nam v pht thi kh :
- Da trn nng cc cht nhim (v d: ppm hoc
mg/m3)
- Khng da vo ti lng nhim khng kh nh kg/gi,
=> do vic o lu lng kh thi (m3/h) thng khng bt
buc

2. Tuy nhin, tt c cc phng php ly mu ng khi (vd

Phng php 5 ca US.EPA v ly mu bi isokinetic) =>
u yu cu o lu lng m bo yu cu k thut, kt
qu c gi tr.

Nguyn l phng php

Vn tc trung bnh ca kh thi trong ng khi c xc
nh da trn khi lng phn t kh ca kh thi v gi tr
trung bnh ca chnh p o c bng ng Pitot
T hp ng Pitot hnh ch S v p k.

Chun b
Thit b:
- ng pitot hnh S hoc ng Pitot tiu chun (ch L).
- Thit b o chnh p: ng h Magnehelic hoc thit b
o chnh p cm tay
- Nhit k (cp nhit in)
- Kh p k
- Thit b xc nh khi lng phn t kh ca kh.

Chun b
ng Pitot ch S

Chun b
ng Pitot ch L

Chun b
Cc loi ng h o chnh p

Chun b
Kim tra r r ca t hp ng Pitot hnh ch S v p k
1. Thi qua l di ca ng Pitot ( o p sut ng) cho n
khi cng t ca p k o c t nht 7,6 cmH2O,
2. Bt kn l di, p lc s vn n nh t nht 15s.
3. Thc hin tng t i vi l trn (o p sut tnh) s dng
lc ht c c p sut ti thiu l 7,6 cmH2O;

Cc bc tin hnh o

Xc nh m (Bws): thc hin theo phng php 4

Xc nh khi lng phn t kh kh trong ng khi (Md)
+ Phng php 3
+ Mt s qu trnh pht thi kh c bn, thng thng s
dng khi lng phn t kh l 30,0
Xc nh tit din ng khi ti v tr ly mu (A): o ng
knh trong ng khi ti v tr ly mu

Cc bc tin hnh o
o p sut kh quyn (Pbar)

o bng kh p k
Ngun khc:
i kh tng a phng
Sn bay
* Lu : p sut nh hng bi cao. Trung bnh, khi
thay i cao, p sut thay i 2,5 mmHg/30m

Cc bc tin hnh o
o chnh p (P) trong ng khi v nhit kh thi
(Ts) ti tt c cc im c xc nh t phng php 1

-Ts: thng dng cp nhit in, tnh gi tr TB Ts (avg)

- P: thng thng dng ng Pitot ch S => tnh gi tr TB
Pavg

Cc bc tin hnh o
o p sut tnh (Pg) trong ng khi
- Probe (ng o): C th dng
+ u o p sut tnh ca ng Pitot tiu chun
+ Mt u ca ng Pitot dng S v t mt phng m
ca n song song vi hng chuyn ng ca dng kh
trong ng khi
- TB b o (chnh) p: C th dng p k ch U vi cht
lng l H2O hoc Hg.
- Ch cn o ti 1 im
- Tnh p sut tuyt i trong ng khi, Ps
Ps = Pbar +Pg

Tnh ton v x l s liu

Cng thc tnh tc dng kh

Vs = K p Cp ( p )avg

Ts(avg)
Ps M s

Cng thc tnh lu lng

Qs = 3,600 vs A

T
P
std
s
Qs t d = 3,600 (1 Bws ) vs A
T s(avg) Pstd

Trong
A =
Tit din ng khi
Bws =
m kh thi (tnh ton theo Phng php 5 hoc tham kho Phng php
4), theo t l th tch
Cp =
H s Pitot, khng th nguyn. (Pitot hnh ch S = 0.84, Pitot tiu chun =
1.0)
Kp =
Hng s Pitot,
Md =
Khi lng phn t kh thi, kh kh, g/mol
Ms =
Khi lng phn t kh thi,kh m, g/mol
Pbar = p sut kh quyn ti v tr o, mm Hg
Pg =
p sut tnh trong ng khi, mm Hg
Ps =
p sut tuyt i ca kh thi, mm Hg
Pstd =
p sut chun, 760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
Qstd = Lu lng kh thi, kh v iu kin chun, Nm3/h
ts =
Nhit kh thi oC (oF).
Ts =
Nhit tuyt i ca kh thi, oK (oR).
Tstd =
Nhit tuyt i tiu chun, 298oK (537oR)
vs =
Tc kh trung bnh, m/s
Dp =
chnh p, mm H2O (tnh theo n v inch H2O 1 inch = 2.54cm).
3,600 = H s chuyn i, s/h.
18.0 = Khi lng mol phn t ca nc, g/mol

Bin bn ti
hin trng
cho phng
php 2

Bn tnh ton vn tc
v lu lng kh thi