Planning for Smart Grid in TNB System

PECon2010
2010 IEEE Conference on Power and Energy
Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa
Mohd Yusof Rakob
Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia
yusofr1@tnb.com.my

Contents of presentation
Introduction
Electric power utility companies in Malaysia
Overview of demand supply of TNBs grid system
Overview of TNBs grid system

Coal

Identifying drivers for developing smart grid

Features of TNBs smart grid
TNBs smart grid implementation plan
Future prospects and opportunities

Powering The Nation

2

Electric power utility companies in Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia
Tenaga Nasional
Berhad (TNB)

Sabah
Sabah Electricity
Sendirian Berhad
(SESB) (80% owned
by TNB)
Sarawak
Sarawak Energy Berhad
(SEB)

General profile of power utilities in Malaysia

TNB (P. Malaysia)

Operates in Peninsular
Malaysia
Total generation
capacity is 21,051 MW
(2010)
Customer is 7,593,684
Max demand:
15,072MW
Gen mix (2010):
54% gas
40% coal
5.2% hydro
0.2% distillate

SEB (Sarawak)

Operates in Sarawak
Total generation
capacity: 1230 MW
(2009)
Customer is 499,618
Max demand : 1036
MW
Gen mix (2009):
53% gas
34% coal
8% hydro
5% diesel

SESB (Sabah)

Operates in Sabah
Total generation
capacity is 866.4 MW
(2010)
Customer is 413,983
Max demand :760 MW
Gen mix (2009):
57% oil
31% gas
9% hydro
3% biomass.

NOTE: Electricity supply industry in Malaysia is a fully regulated. TNB, SEB and SESB are vertically
integrated and operate along with independent power producers (IPPs).

Overview Of TNB System

- Trend of demand growth (2007 ~ 2010)

Weekly Peak Demand & Trough (MW) - Week Ending 14/11/2010
Peak Demand of 14,311MW

15,500
14,500
13,500

MW

12,500
11,500

2009 Peak Demand: 14,245MW

10,500

2007 Peak Demand: 13,620MW

2008 Peak Demand: 14,007MW

9,500
8,500
7,500
6,500
5,500
1 Jan3

5 Feb7

9 Mar
11 13 Apr15 17 May
19 21 Jun
23 25 27Jul 29 31Aug33 35 Sep
37 39 41Oct43 45Nov47 49Dec51
2007 PD

2008 PD

2009 PD

2010 PD

2007 Trough

2008 Trough

2009 Trough

2010 Trough

NOTE: PD denotes Peak Demand

Overview Of TNB System

- Electricity consumption by customer type (1990~2030)

Historical

1990

2000

Forecast

2015

2025
6

Overview Of TNB System

- Trend of power generation mix (1976~2008)

100.0%

Distillate
Hydroelectricity

90.0%

Coal

80.0%
70.0%
60.0%

50.0%
40.0%

Oil

30.0%

Natural gas

20.0%
10.0%

2008

2006

2004

2002

2000

1998

1996

1994

1992

1990

1988

1986

1984

1982

1980

1978

1976

0.0%

Overview Of TNB System

- Transmission power grid

Main Transmission Grid

500kV / 275kV / 132kV of approximately
19,000 circuit-kilometers of overhead
transmission lines
780 circuit-kilometers of underground
transmission cables
385 transmission substations with
transformation capacity of 83,000 MVA

PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
MAIN GRID

PERLIS

LANGKAWI

Chuping
Kangar

Coal

Kuah

PERLIS
Kota Setar
POWER

Kota Bharu
Alor Setar

KEDAH
Tanah Merah

Gurun
Bedong
Sg. Petani

PERGAU

PRAI POWER
Georgetown

PULAU PINANG

GELUGOR

Butterworth
Bukit Tengah
Kulim
Junjung
Bukit Tambun

TEMENGOR
BERSIA
KENERING
KELANTAN
SG PIAH UPPER
SG PIAH LOWER
CHENDEROH

Kuala Terengganu

Kuala Berang

KENYIR
Gua Musang

TERENGGANU

Kuala Kangsar

Cross - Border Interconnection

300kV HVDC P. Malaysia - Thailand
(300MW)
132kV HVAC P. Malaysia - Thailand
(80MW)
275kV HVAC link P. Malaysia - Singapore
(450MW)

Taiping

PERAK

PAKA
YTL

Ipoh

SEGARI
GB3 Ayer Tawar

Papan

Batu Gajah

Kampar

JOR

Telok Kalong

Seri Iskandar

Lumut

Kuala Lipis

WOH
ODAK

JANAMANJUNG

Dungun

Jerantut

Teluk Intan

Kuantan

PAHANG
Kuala Kubu Baru
Bukit Tarek

SELANGOR
Kuala Selangor

PORT KLANG
CONNAUGHT BRIDGE
GENTING SANYEN
JIMAH

Bentong

Mentakab
Kg Awah
Temerloh

WILAYAH
PERSEKUTUAN

KL (E)
KL (N)
Shah Alam
KL (S)

SERDANG

Hicom G
Banting

Muadzam Shah

NEGERI SEMBILAN
Salak Seremban
Tinggi
Paroi

Kuala Pilah

TJPS
MELAKA
PD POWER
Kelemak
Melaka
POWERTEK
Melaka
PAHLAWAN
PANGLIMA Muar

Gemas

Segamat
Mersing

Yong Peng (E)

Yong Peng (N)

JOHOR
Kluang

Batu Pahat

LEGEND
500kV line
500kV energized 275kV
275kV lineline

Skudai
Pontian Kechil
Gelang Patah

TG BIN

YTL
PASIR
GUDANG

Johor Bahru

TNBs main concerns on planning

Electricity demand growth continues
3.5% for next 10 years
2.7% for next 20 years
Coal
The local natural gas resources as clean fuel is depleting
It will be replaced by coal, until nuclear option is available in
post 2020
There are serious concerns on CO2 emission, increasing
dependency on fossil sources and lack of RE, EE & DSM and
increasing consumer expectations
There is urgent need to increase operational efficiency i.e.
there is need to increase utilisation of transmission and
distribution assets and to reduce system losses
Opens opportunity for harnessing the benefits of smart grid
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Drivers for developing TNBs smart grid

Global trends

Development of smart grid is driven by 4 factors :

Ageing infrastructure (generation, transmission & distribution systems)

Coal
Energy crisis (energy security & costs)
Financial crisis (grid reinforcement becomes unaffordable)
Environmental crisis (green house gaseous)

They occur simultaneously

TNBs case; TNBs long term strategic plans

TNBs 25 years Electricity Technology Roadmap (TRM) , with a purpose of

modernising electricity supply industry in Malaysia
TRM focuses on 4 main goals:

Reliable and efficient delivery system

Intelligent power-delivery systems
Value-added electricity products and services
Enhanced environmental management

The actions to go ahead is now

10

TRM sets TNBs journey towards smart grid

Year 2004

TNB Technology
Roadmap (TRM) 1
Overview of 25-year Electricity
TRM for the electricity supply
industry (2004 2030)
4 themes in the TNB Electricity
TRM
Reliable and efficient
delivery system
Intelligent power-delivery
systems
Value-added electricity
products and services
Enhanced environmental
management

Year 2005

TNB Research
Technology Roadmap
Align TNB 20 years Strategic
Plan and TNB TRM
1st Destination (2006-2010) 18 research programs have
been created to ensure long
term and progressive effort to
improve the TNB power
delivery system and 11 Niche
Technical Services will
spearhead the company
towards business expansion
2nd Destination (2011-2015)
4 Advanced Research Program
and 2 Specialised Technical
Services have been identified

Year 2007

TNB Technology
Roadmap 2
Technology options derived
from TRM 1
Detail out action plan of chosen
technology options
6 technologies identified:
Improve combustion
efficiency
RBI
IEC 61850
WAIS
DNIM
CRM

TNB TRM sets up the foundations and goals for near and long terms

11

TNBs TRM destinations

4

2020: Smart & Intelligent

Electricity Delivery
Management

2015: Robust &

Resilient Power
Delivery System

2015: Enhanced Electricity

Products & Services

2
1

2004:
start

2030: Breakthrough Energy

Conversion Technologies &
Sustainable Development

2010: Reliable Electricity Supply

2010: Efficient Electricity
Production & Delivery
12

Progress of foundation work so far

TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION

IMPLEMENTATION STATUS

AREA OF
IMPLEMENTATION

Risk Based Inspection (RBI)

Implemented (as part of TRM2)

Generation

Condition Based Monitoring (CBM)

Masterplan was completed.

Distribution

Database for power applications

Implemented (as part of TRM2)

Distribution

Fuel quality improvement

Implemented (as part of TRM2)

TNB Fuel & TNBR

GIS for power applications

Implemented (as part of TRM2)

Distribution

Renewable Energy

Pilot demo completed. Policy is being drafted.

TNBR; TNB-ES & planning

Environmental monitoring

Implemented.

TNB power stations & TNBR

Self diagnostics of power system

Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS)

Transmission

Optimise grid-interconnection

On-going.

Transmission

Advanced control of Transmission Eqm

Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS)

Transmission

Emergency confinement & restoration

Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS)

Transmission

Distribution SCADA

Implemented at major load centres.

Distribution

New technologies for cables & joints

R&D project concluded.

TNBR & Distribution

Integrated Customer Information System

Implemented (as part of TRM2)

Distribution

Digital Power Line

R&D pilot demo completed

TNBR

Advanced materials

Materials laboratory set-up

TNBR

13

Conceptualising TNBs smart grid

Economic/
Financial
perspective

Customer
perspective

Internal
perspective

Learning &
growth
perspective

Long term
stakeholder value

Infrastructure &
resource strategy
Higher asset
efficiency

Higher supply
reliability

Technology enabler
DMS and distribution
automation
AMI
New resources (RE, EE,
Co-gen, DER, PHEV)
Active grid
Test projects

Environmental
sustainability

Energy security

Higher energy
efficiency

Research area
Control
architecture
ICT
infrastructure
Prosumer
interface
Active grid

Human capital
TNB

Environment
strategy

Customer

Enable customers
choice

Customer Management
Customer information
Customer engagement
Customer participation
Commercial
frameworks

Information
capital
Government
& Regulator

Lower CO2
emission

Regulations,
Standards and
Societal
commitments
Shared vision
Support
Collaboration

Organisation
capital
Research &
technology providers

14
14

TNBs smart grid objectives

Objectives

Initiatives

Improving energy and

asset efficiency

Empowering customers

Reduce CO2 emission

Improving operational
efficiency (i.e. higher
supply reliability)

Support use of PHEV

Distribution management system

On-line condition monitoring
Distribution automation
Field Force Automation
Geographical information system
Customer information system
Customer management system
Advance metering infrastructure
Interface with building energy management system
Promote RE, EE, Co-gen, DER
Facilitate to enable connection of RE, EE, Co-gen,
DER
Dynamic voltage/VAR control
Facilitate charging of PHEV
15

TNBs smart grid project

TNB Smart Grid was embarked on November 2009.
TNB has decided to implement Smart Grid Test
Systems as demonstration projects.
Three sites have been identified for Smart Grid Test
Systems :
Bayan Lepas (North); represents industrial area
Bukit Bintang (Central); represents commercial centre
Medini (South); represents green field area

To drive the implementation of the Smart grid Test

Systems, the TNB Smart Grid Steering Committee
was formed
16

Smart Grid Steering Committee

Chairman
(Chief Operating
Officer)

Secretariat

(System Planning)

Research

Transmission

Distribution

Corporate

ICT

17

Smart Grid Steering Committee

Terms of reference (TOR)

Definition and Purpose of smart grid for TNB

Functions of SGSC
Roles of SGSC
Membership of SGSC - G,T,D, Research, ICT & Planning
Quorum requirement
Agenda Items
Minutes of Meeting
Frequency of Meeting

18

TNB Smart Grid Development Phases

Phase 1 (2010-2011)
Improving operational efficiency via automation

Phase 2 (2011-2013)
Empowering Customers
Improving Energy & Network Efficiency

Phase 3 (2011-2015)
Reducing CO2 via Renewable Energy
19

Smart grid implementation initiatives

Phase 1 (2010-2011)

Improve Reliability
Implementation of
DA at pilot Sites
Deployment of DMS
modules
Fault Location, Isolation
& Restoration (FLIR)
State Estimator
Auto Contingency
Analysis
Auto Feeder
Reconfiguration (AFR)

Development of
Integrated Customer
Information System

Phase 2 (2011-2013)
Increase Customers
Participation

Improve Energy
Efficiency

Deployment of
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure (AMI)

Development of VAR
Control

Bidirectional exchange
of usage information

Improve billing
Accuracy &
Efficiency
Improve New
Connection Process

Hardware+Software

Demand Side
Management
Provide live information
to customers
Autonomous Demand
Control

Phase 3 (2011-2015)

Reduce CO2
Solar PV
BIPV

Energy Storage
Batteries

Electric Cars (PHEV)

Charging stations
Solar / LED Street
Lightings

Increase T&D
asset utilization

Integration of the
various information
systems e.g. CIBS,
ERMS, CGIS, MFFA

Advanced ICT Infrastructure

20

Phase 1 TNB smart grid test system:

Improving reliability of supply via automation
No
1

2
3
4
5

6
7

Features
Power is generated at large power
stations and transmitted and distributed
via T & D systems
Method of locating fault
Method of isolation and sectionalizing
of faulty section
Method of feeder reconfiguration for
optimal operation
Method of restoration of supply after
fault is sectionalized
Method of mobilization of field or repair
crew
Update database for management and
customer information systems

Existing Grid
Yes

Smart Grid
Yes

Manual
Manual

Automatic
Automatic

Manual (not
optimized)
Manual

Automatic

Manual

Automatic

Manual

Automatic

Automatic

21

Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system:

Empowering Customers
No

Features

Customer is aware of own energy

consumption in real time

Customer has information for making

decisions on changing their demand
pattern (via BEMS) & gain benefits

Customers have the capability to export

power from RE sources back into the
grid (on agreed terms)

Existing Grid

Smart Grid

No

Yes

Limited

Yes

No

Yes

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Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system:

Improve Energy & Network Efficiency
No

Features

Current Grid

Smart Grid

TNB is ready for demand side

management

No

Yes

Automatic voltage and MVAR control

and to reduce distribution system losses

No

Yes

Utility can communicate with customers

energy management system on
controling customers demand pattern

No

Yes

Higher utilization of T & D assets

No

Yes

Peak load reduction and interruptible

load could be operated smoothly

No

Yes

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Phase 3 TNB smart grid test system:

Reducing CO2 emission via renewable energy,
energy efficiency, co-gen, DER, etc
No

Features

Current Grid

Smart Grid

Network is ready for penetration of

renewable energy sources (solar PV),
co-gen, DER, etc

No

Yes

Network is capable to cater for bidirectional power flow

No

Yes

Excess power generated via RE, BIPV,

etc is fully taken & utilized via the grid

No

Yes

Network is capable of meeting demand

of electric cars (PHEV)

No

Yes

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Phase 1 Implementation
Six (6) activities / areas have been identified to kick
start the phase 1 of Smart Grid Test Systems
Planning Studies
DMS/DA project
AMI Project
Communication project
System Integration
Online Condition Monitoring

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Terms of Reference
Activity 1: Planning studies
Activities

Establishing the distribution network for smart grid implementation

Purposes

Tasks

1. To compile and draw diagram to detail out connectivity of 33kV

and 11kV distribution systems related to the designated smart
grid area up to the immediate transmission PMUs, year by year,
from 2011 to 2015.

To assess readiness of the network

To identify components which need to be upgraded

2. To evaluate readiness of the network by using power flow,

contingency and short circuit analyses method on the related
smart grid area
3. To identify the components in the network which need to be
upgraded for implementing distribution automation
Deliverables

Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete
by

30 December 2010
26

Terms of Reference
Activity 2: DMS/DA Project
Activities

Implementation of Distribution Automation and Distribution Management System

Purposes

Enable automatic detection, isolation and restoration of supply following a fault.

Enable network optimization via load-flow and contingency analysis
Enable fast response time

Tasks

1.

To complete the installation and commissioning of SCADA / DA facilities for the

selected substations in the pilot sites.
To evaluate and implement the most effective communication technology for the
SCADA in collaboration with ICT.
To roll out and integrate DMS applications with existing SCADA such as (but not
limited to) :

Fault location, isolation and restoration of supply

Balanced load flow

Contingency analysis

State estimator

Automatic feeder reconfiguration

2.
3.

Deliverables

1.
2.

A fully functional Distribution Automation system for the pilot sites.

Progress and Completion reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting issues and
recommendations

To complete
by

31 June 2011
27

Terms of Reference
Activity 3: Advanced Metering Infrastructures
Activities

Progressive migration from RMR feature to AMI-like capability

Purposes

Tasks

1. To achieve 100% RMR reading capability for the existing

HT/MV/LV LPC installation
2. To roll out RMR for OPC for selected areas
3. To enable GPRS communication modem for HT/MV/LV LPC
RMR and RF/PLC for OPC RMR
4. To identify features for AMI that achieve the objectives above
5. To migrate from RMR to AMI and enabling the Smartgrid
features

Enable irregularity and tempering detection

Perform remote disconnection/re-connection
Facilitate LV outage management
Provide customers with consumption information for demand
response

Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 highlighting findings and

recommendations
To complete 30 December 2012
by

28

Terms of Reference
Activity 5 : IT System Integration
Activities

Integrating the existing system (CGIS, E-CIBS, CMC, MFFA etc)

for smart grid implementation

Purposes

Tasks

1. To identify the features of existing system which will

facilitate/compliment the implementation of smart grid

Enable data extraction/ mining from the existing systems to be

used for relaying information to various parties eg control
center, repair crews, customers etc

2. To evaluate readiness of existing systems to be integrated, with

regard to the hardware and software and identify and propose
method of system integration and associated cost estimates.

3. To implement integration of information system and assess the

effectiveness.
Deliverables

Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete
by

31 June 2011
29

Terms of Reference
Activity 6: Online Condition Monitoring
Activities

Online condition monitoring of primary equipment for smart grid

implementation

Purposes

Tasks

1. To identify primary equipments which need to be monitored

within the boundary of the pilot site

To evaluate the effectiveness of on-line condition monitoring

techniques and tools in smart grid implementation

2. To identify and implement suitable on-line condition monitoring

techniques
3. To assess the effectiveness of the implemented on-line
condition monitoring tools
Deliverables

Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete
by

30 June 2012

30

Prospects for smart partnerships / research

opportunities (a non-exhaustive list)
Control architecture

To evaluate centralised versus de-centralised architecture considering a

nation wide smart grid applications.

ICT infrastructure

To identify and evaluate options for the last mile communication and
information system and recommend suitable option for smart grid
applications.

Prosumer interface

To identify suitable information, communication and control products

and services to enable consumers with greater information and control
to play a part in optimising the operation of the grid system
nationwide.

Active grid

To enable interactivity and coordination between the various level of

grid control (National Control Centre, Distribution Control Centre,
Substation Control Centre, Feeder Control and Prosumer).
31

Conclusions
Growing demand and limited resources while maintaining to
be environment friendly impose severe pressure to TNB in its
planning. Smart grid is an option towards a workable solution
TNB has decided to embark on implementation of smart grid
test system projects. It will be carried out in 3 phases
(2010~2013) at 3 sites; Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur, Bayan
Lepas in Penang and Medini in Johor.
TNB desires to gain valuable experience from the smart grid
test systems so as to lead to successful implementation of
smart grid in other parts of TNB power grid system.
Research are required for some applications in order to
ensure only the right technology is deployed for the purpose.
Powering The Nation
32

Thank you

33

DISCLAIMER
All information contained herein is meant strictly for the use of this
presentation only and should not be used or relied on by any party for any
other purpose and without the prior written approval of TNB. The
information contained herein is the property of TNB and it is privileged
and confidential in nature. TNB has the sole copyright to such information
and you are prohibited from disseminating, distributing, copying, reproducing, using and/or disclosing this information.

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