‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮات اﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫‪E – Learning courses‬‬

‫اﻷﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫)ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ(‬

‫أ‪ .‬د‪ /‬ﺳﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻰ‬

‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﺪﻧﻰ ‪ -‬هﻨﺪﺳﺔ اﻷزهﺮ‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷول ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ واﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﻮى‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ‪ :‬اﻷﺷﻜﺎل واﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ‪ :‬آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎدس ‪ :‬اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻘﺮاءات ﻟﺒﻌﺾ أﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻰ )اﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ( وﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻩ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷول‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ واﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﻮى‬
‫اﺧﺘﺮع ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰى)‪(١٩٥٩ – ١٩٢٠‬‬
‫‪ Leonard Digges‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎم اﺑﻨﻪ ‪ Thomas Digges‬ﺑﻨﺸﺮ آﺘﺒﻪ ﻓﻰ ﻋﺎم ‪١٥٧١‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻼدﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫آﻠﻤﺔ ‪ theodolite‬اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﻪ ﻣﺼﺪرهﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ هﻰ آﻠﻤﺔ ‪. Theodelitus‬‬

‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ آﻠﻤﺔ ‪ Theodelitus‬اﻟﻰ آﻠﻤﺘﻲ ‪ Theo‬وآﻠﻤﺔ ‪. dolite‬‬

‫آﻠﻤﻪ ‪Theo‬ﻣﻘﺘﺒﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﻪ ‪ theorein‬وﺗﻌﻨﻰ"ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻰ" )وهﻰ ﻣﺼﺪر‬

‫ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت أﺧﺮى ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ‪ ،Theory‬واﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﻪ ‪ ،Theorem‬واﻟﻤﺴﺮح‬
‫‪ ، (Theatre‬وﻓﻰ ﻣﺼﺎدر أﺧﺮى ﺗﺮﺟﻊ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ‪ ) God‬ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ دراﺳﺔ اﻷدﻳﺎن ‪.(Theology‬‬

‫وآﻠﻤﺔ ‪ dolite‬وهﻰ آﻠﻤﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ أﺻﻞ ﻣﺤﺪد وﻳﺮﺟﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻟﻰ آﻠﻤﺔ‬
‫‪ Tiaudelet‬وهﻮاﺳﻢ ﻗﺼﻴﺪة دﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ‪theodulus‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬

‫اﻷﺷﻜﺎل واﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤

 ‫ﻧﻤﺎذج ﻟﺒﻌﺾ أﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥
 ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﺠﻬﺎز‬
(‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﻴﺔ )اﻟﺘﺮاﻳﺒﺮخ‬

‫ﻟﻮح اﻻرﺗﻜﺎز‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦

 ‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧

 ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺪﺋﻰ )اﻟﻨﺎﺷﻨﻜﺎة(‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﻌﺪﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ وﺣﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻌﺮات‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﺎر ﻗﺮاءات‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٨‬‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩
 ‫اﻟﻌﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﻌﻴﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺸﻌﺮات‬
‫ﻋﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﻘﺮاءات )اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ(‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺁة ﻹﺿﺎءة ﻗﺮاءات اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬
‫اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ واﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﺎر‬

‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﺮاءة اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬

‫اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ أو اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫)اﻟﻌﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﺸﻴﺌﻴﺔ(‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﺎر‬

‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻴﺌﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺴﻤﺎر اﻷﻗﻮاس )ﻣﺴﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﻴﺮ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ(‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻮح اﻹرﺗﻜﺎز‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬
 Eyepiece
Cross Hair
Reticule Eyepiece for reading
Vertical Clamp
circles and micrometer
Screw

Vertical Micrometer
Circle knob

Adjustable Mirror
to Illuminate Telescope
Vertical Circle Inverter Knob

Vertical Tangent Objective Lens

Screw Telescope
Horizontal
Plate Level Tangent Screw

Horizontal Circle
Horizontal Circle
Setting
Leveling Screw
Base Plate
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١
Plumbline
 Objective
Light Portal for
Reading Display
Focus Knob Open Sight

Parallax Reading Sight

Adjustment

Fine Level
Vertical Lock
Vial
Vertical Adjustment
Lower Motion
Adjustment
Upper Motion
Lock

Lower Motion
Upper Motion
Lock
Adjustment

Upper/Lower & Optical Plummet Optical Plummet

Coarse Level Vial
Reading Plate Parallax Adjustment Focus Adjustment
Alignment Marks
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣

 ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎز‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ‬
‫ﻟﺪوران اﻟﻤﻨﻈﺎر‬

‫ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻤﻨﻈﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٤‬‬
 Standing Axis Collimation Axis

Trunnion Axis

‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٥

 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬

‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ ﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٦

 ‫رأﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﻤﺎر رﺑﻂ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎز ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺿﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة أﻓﻘﻴﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬

‫رﺑﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ أرﺟﻞ‬

‫اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮى‬
‫ﺻﺪر اﻟﺮاﺻﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﺠﻴﺪ ﻷرﺟﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻰ اﻷرض‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬
 ‫رﺑﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ أرﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻴﺪا ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻰ اﻷرض اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٨
 ‫ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺟﻴﺪا‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٩
 ‫‪ -١‬رﻓﻊ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﺑﺤﺮص‬

‫‪ -٢‬وﺿﻊ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ وﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬

‫ﺟﻴﺪا‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ أى ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ أﺟﺰاء‬

‫اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ إﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬

‫‪ -٤‬اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﻬﺎز ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺨﺺ واﺣﺪ‬

‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺮى ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬
 ‫وﺿﻊ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻤﺎرﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎرج‬

‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﺧﻞ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﻤﺎرى اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﺧﻞ او اﻟﺨﺎرج‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻷول‬

‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎرج‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٣

 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻷول‬

‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﺧﻞ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٤

 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻷول‬

‫اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٥

 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬

‫ درﺟﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮرﻩ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ‬٩٠ ‫دوران اﻟﺠﻬﺎز‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٦
 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫دوران اﻟﺠﻬﺎز ‪ ٩٠‬درﺟﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮرﻩ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ اﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟﻠﺪاﺧﻞ او اﻟﺨﺎرج‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٧‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٨

 ‫إﻋﺎدة اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ‬

‫اﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٩
 ‫ﻓﻚ ﻣﺴﻤﺎر رﺑﻂ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﺣﺮآﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻟﻴﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٠‬‬
 ‫اﻋﺎدة ﺿﺒﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ أرﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣١
 ‫إﻋﺎدة ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻓﻰ وﺿﻊ أﻓﻘﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫وﻣﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٢‬‬
 :‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ‬

‫ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ‬-١

‫ أرﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮﻳﺔ‬-٢
‫ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻰ‬-٣
‫ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﻈﺎر اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺖ‬-٤
SCREWS
and
optical plummet SCREWS
and
plate bubble LEGS
and
pond bubble HEAD
and
optical plummet

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٣

 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٤

 ‫‪A‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻰ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ‬

‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ )ارﺗﻔﺎع(‬

‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬
‫‪P‬‬

‫ا‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬

‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ﺋﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ﻷﻓ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ )اﻧﺨﻔﺎض(‬
‫ﺔ‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٥‬‬
 ‫اﻷﺷﻜﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺸﻌﺮات‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٦

 (‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻴﺎﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ )اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻟﺮاﺻﺪ‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٧
 FACE RIGHT
Face Right
Vertical Angles -
180 to 360 degrees
0 360

270
90

180

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٨

 ‫‪Zenith‬‬

‫‪360/0‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻴﺎﻣﻦ‬

‫‪270‬‬ ‫‪90‬‬

‫‪180‬‬

‫ﻗﺮاءة اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﻰ ﺣﺪود ‪ ٢٧٠‬درﺟﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ = اﻟﻘﺮاءة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ‪٢٧٠ ±‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٩‬‬
 (‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻴﺎﺳﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ )اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﺎراﻟﺮاﺻﺪ‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٠
 FACE LEFT Face Left
360 0
Vertical Angles -
0 to 180 degrees

270 90

180

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤١

 ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻴﺎﺳﺮ‬ ‫‪Zenith‬‬

‫‪360/0‬‬

‫‪90‬‬ ‫‪270‬‬

‫‪180‬‬

‫ﻗﺮاءة اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﻰ ﺣﺪود ‪ ٩٠‬درﺟﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ = اﻟﻘﺮاءة اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ‪٩٠ ±‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺮﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﻌﺮة واﺣﺪة او ﺷﻌﺮﺗﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻤﻚ اﻟﻬﺪف‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٣
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎدس‬

‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫وأﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻗﺮاءة ﺑﻌﺾ أﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٤‬‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٥
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٦
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٧
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٨
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٩
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٠
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻰ )اﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ( وﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻩ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥١

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٢
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٣
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٤
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٥
 Thanks
fo r
your
attention
I am glad to receive your additional comments at:
E-mail: saidmaghraby@yahoo.com
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٦