Moiss Quintana Ramrez

Materials

Fracture and Fatigue of

Table with some of the most important works in the field of fatigue of materials in the 20th century

Year

Who

Equation

ij =

1961

Paris, Gomez and

Anderson

Phenomenum

K
f ( ij )
2 r

K=stress intensity factor

(r,ij)= polar coordinates
of the point of study

The model describes the distribution of stress or

stress field in the material around the tip of a crack.

ij =stress in the point of

study

da
=C K m
dN
1961

1960
s

Paris, Gomez and

Anderson

C and m are constants

determined experimentally
a means the size of the
crack
N stands for the number of
cycles

This model tries to describe the relationship between

the crack growth rate and the stress intensity factor
range, shows that this two parameters have a linear
relationship in a logarithm scale.

Coffin-Manson

a N =C
C, a, and are constants
determined experimentally

The equation shows a linear relationship among the

strain and number of cycles in the -N curve at low
cycle fatigue

Moiss Quintana Ramrez

Materials

Fracture and Fatigue of

is the constant strain

used in the test
N is the number of cycles
before the failure of the
material

Ni =1
i

1945

Miner

ni is the number of cycles

applied to the specimen
Ni is the number of total
cycles needed to reach the
failure

a=a0 + ai
1970
s

( dNda )=f ( K

a i=
Elber

eff ,i

K eff ,i =Ci ( Smax ,iS op ,i) ai

The linear cumulative damage rule explains that ni

cycles consume a fraction of ni/Ni of the fatigue life,
failure occurs when the 100% of the fatigue life is
consumed

The crack extension ai in cycle i is a function of Kef

in that cycle. The value of Kef,i depends on the
imposed Smax,i of the load history and the predicted
Sop,i. The geometry factor Ci depends on the current
crack length ai. The crack opening stress level Sop,i
must be predicted by a crack growth model taking
care of the efect of plastic deformation left in the
wake of the crack as a residue from previous load
cycles