Professional Documents
Culture Documents
. .
(I- . )
: 07.00.02-
( )
15--1995
"
(I- .)"
. .
(I- . )
: 07.00.02-
( )
1995 .
. : 6 0
(I- .) , 07.00.02 . 22 22
AGABAT 1995 .
. : 6 0
(I- .) , 07.00.02 . 22
22
academigi
professor
Myrat
Annanepesowi
ylmy
G. A. GARAJAEWA
10
II YLMY HSIETNAMASY
Tema ylmy tadan garamagy: z yl agdygyrak wagt bri Russi, sora
SSSR-i hkm sren dwrnde Trkmenistan bilen Eran Trkmenlerini
arasynda agyr zelik emele geldi. ol dwrlerde ymumy jahan syasatynda
keseki erlerini kprk basyp almak oly bilen gidilen hkmet syasatlary
magalany biri-birinden ayrdy. Netijede bolsa, dogan-dogandan habarsyz aap,
olar arylyyp gitdiler.
XIX asyry ikinji arymynda Rus imperiasyny Orta Aziany basyp almagy
bilen kenar aka trkmenlerini arasynda balanan wakalar sora Trkmenleri iki
dwleti z aralarynda blnmegine sezewar etdi. Gnorta Trkmenistany epesli
blegi Erana tabyn edildi.
Etregi gnorta territoriasynda erlen Det-i Grgen, agny Trkmenshra
ilerde Elburs daglaryny jeellik eteklerine hem Gndogar nkne enli dowam
edip, Gndogar serhedi bolsa, Horasany daglyklaryna enli1 baryp etr. San
bouna bizi elimizdki bar bolan maglumata gr, hzirki dwrde Eranda 20m kwadrat kilometer medany bilen bir arym/1.5/million arassa trkmen
aaar.2
1804-1881-nji yllarda Rus-Eran aknyyklaryny netijesinde, Erany
Gajarlar dynastiasyny patyalygy bilen Russa patyalygyny arasynda serhet
ekmek meselesinde ertnama baglaylmak, zerureti ze ykar. ol esasda
Glstan, Trkmena, Ahal-Teke hem-de, Gljemal han dilip
atlandyrylan ertnamalarda Eran patyalyklary bilen Russia patyalygyny
arasynda serhetleri anyklamak we ekmek tayar edilr. Hzirki zbadak
Trkmenistan bilen serhetden ayrky Trkmenshrany demirgazyk serhetleri hem
ol ertnama esasynda tayarlanan arak bolup galar. Rus patyalygy ykylyp,
SSSR dredilenden so hem bu arak kliginde galdyrylar.
Grlip duran faktlar bouna trkmenler (Trkmenistan) bilen Eran
patyalygyny aragini hzirki Etrek derasyndan dl-de, esem ondan 70
kilometr ilerde, Grgen derasyny ayry ginden hem-de, Elburs daglaryny
2
11
12
. . , , , 1863 ., . 3. . 83.
13
asyrdan, t Trkmenistany
grkezmekden ugur alynar.
geografiki
we
jemgyetilik
agdalaryny
14
15
olary arasynda azerbeyjan we trkmen dilinde 4-5 sana enli dowam eden
"ol", "Durmu", "Ak ol" aly jurnallary garasyz, Trkmenistany ylmy
merkezlerine enli gelip etdi. Olardaky bar bolan maglumatlar Eran
trkmenlerini hzirki dwrde a azyjylaryny we ahyrlaryny hem
sungatylaryny ilerini grkezrdi. Emma gynansak-da, onu aly progressiw
ileri gysga wagty dowamynda oguna ykylyar. Bu agdaylar bolsa Eranda
dowam edip duran umum syasy, jemgyetilik babatdaky krizisleri grkezr.
ela eper edebiatlar soky 7-8 yllykda trkmenleri taryhy, etnografiasy,
eper edebiaty we ene dili baradaky azylan eserleri goberip baladylar. Mysal
in, trkmen dilinde ykan "Gogy ygyndysy" / " " / "Sawy" ady
bilen ahyr Setdar Sawgydan, Mmmetrza Begdili /Bekdil/ dien awtory "Eran
trkmenleri" /"" / Atly Ii, Dr. Jwad Heti "Trki iwelerini we
dillerini taryhy" dien Ii, N. Z. Ary we Kasraeiany album grnindki 30
sahypalyk girii bilen balanan "Eran trkmenleri"/"" /, A. Sarlyny"
Trkmenistany Taryhy"/"" / dien Ii we "Magtymguly Pyragyny
Parsi diline terjime Bolan eserleri" ... aly tzee ilenen ilere du geldik. Elbetde,
olary kp blegini ulansak-da, soky ykanlaryny wagty gysgalygy zerarly
pedalanmaga mmkinilik tapyp bilmedik.
Ilis dilindki Parsi diline terjime bolan hem terjime bolmadyk emelerden
eterlikli mukdarda pedalandyk. A. Wamberini Parsi dilinde ykan "alyny
(Aldawy) derwi Orta Asia hanlyklaryndaky syahaty" /
6356-6381 ,/ -nji yllarda Ayrada-da ruslar bilen bile bolan
ilisleri wekili Lady eli "Yatlama" /""/ atly syahatnamasy, S. Saksi
"Eran Taryhy", A. H. Mahdewini "Erany daary yurtlar bilen aragatnaygy"
/"" / atly Ii, K. Dogobiony "Trkmenler bilen sowe" /"
" / nowella roman grnindki Eseri, ... ene oa meze edebiatlar we
taryhy emelerden pedalanyldy.
DISSERTATSIANY MAKSADY we WEZIPESI:
Durmuda bolup gen wakalary haan we nirede bolandygyny bean etmek
taryhy esasy wezipesi bolsa, eper edebiaty ba wezipesi ol, bolup gen
taryhy wakalary nhili bolandygyny, ahwalatyny eper serideler arkaly
grkezmekden ybaratdyr. elelikde, ol bir wakany bean edili usulynda belli
16
bir derejede tapawuty bolsa-da, mazmun tayndan gaty bir zelik bolmandyr.
Netijede, taryhy bern maglumaty esasynda eper edebiat drer. Mua hli
klassyk ahyrlarymyzy, ele hem XIX asyry ikinji arymyndaky aan
edebiat wekillerini eserleri-de, aatlyk edr.
Mlim boly aly, klassyklarymyzy dredijiligi her bir dwrde jemgyeti
durmuy bilen berk baglanykly bolupdyr.
Olar belli bir taryhy wakany bean etmek arkaly, trkmen edebiatyny idea
mazmun tadan baladyrypdyrlar we halky durmuyny, hal agdayny dogruyl
ayp grkezipdirler. Durmuda yaap geen taryhy ahslary we olar bilen dahylly
taryhy wakalary esasynda dredilen ol eper eserler we halk arasynda yaran
rowaatlar onu aly-da, halk dredijilik eserleri edebiata we taryhymyza goant
goupdyr.
Taryhda jemgyetilik ertlerine layklykda geip duran wakalar dwr
spessifiki aratynlygyna degili bolup, ol hasydyr bir zne mahsus bolan
medeniet dredyr. ol medeniet dwr e gitmegine hem-de, z gezeginde
ep-esli taryhy wakalary ze ykmagyna sebp bolup duryar. Taryh ele bir gi
dnje bolany in, her bir adam z iini belli bir zaman, belli-belli dwrler
bouna kesgitlenr hem-de, belli-belli aratynlyklara, etaplara degili takyk z
pikirini adyp bilyr.
Bizi iimiz esasan XIX asyry ikinji yarymyndan XX asyry aaklaryna enli
Eranda aaan trkmenleri edebiat, medeni hem taryhy agdalaryny ayp
grkezmekden ybaratdyr. Ide eper edebiat bilen taryhy arylmaz baglanygy
nazarda tutulyp, ol taryhy wakalary esasynda dredilen ygyrlardyr hekaalary
we rowaatlary sti bilen halky adynda galan mhm taryhy wakalar
utgasdyrylyp bean edilr.
Eran trkmenlerini asyry birinji arymynydaky edebiat agday
babatda durgunlyk dwri hkmnde hsietlendirmek maksada layk geler. Ol
dwrde edebi hereketler rn pes, khalatlarda eper edebiat ok dimge esas
dredipdir. Netijede, ol dwr Eran trkmenlerini taryhynda "Edebiyat
senedini yitirilen pursady" diip atlandyrylar.
17
18
19
20
21
22
11
. . /.
, " ", -9177 .
.571-579 . 9192 . . " " .12
23
13
. . , "XIX - XX -
. , "" , 9187 . 7- .
9111 " "" " .14
24
. . , ., , "" , 9177 . 5- .
25
- Diip beller. ahyry "Dillerim" atly eseri-de "Gzel igrimi bi" idea
dowamydyr. Bu pikir Eran trkmenlerini dili babatda adylan alydyr.
Dissertasiada Eran trkmenlerini hat grafikasy barada alynyp barylan reler
dogrusynda we trkmenleri ertlerinde hzirlike parsa-trkmene grafikasyny
pedalanmak meselesi e srlndigi adylar. Hzir halky umumy pikirini
latin grafikasyna gngendigini we ele edilse, milleti medeni gzetimi hem
btewiligi in rn pedaly boljakdygy adylar.
Trkmen dil bilimine degili kbir edilen iler hem gze ilr. olary arasynda
Kmdepeden trkmen alymy Nurmuhemmet Mutagyny " " /"Frhnge Sina"/ atly szlgidir.17 Ide bu szlk doly derelip geilr.
Ynji baby binji paragrafynda Eran trkmenlerini saz sungatyny
gzbay barad giilein grr gozgalar. Bu Sungat irki dwrlerden ugur alyp,
hzirki dwre gelip etipdir. XV-XVI asyrda Dana ata lakamy bilen tanalan
Ahsan yh, Gnbatar Trkmenistanda mehur oguznamay bolupdyr.18
V asyrda Amandwlet bagy barad ele rowaat adylar, ol galmyklary
ozuyny deze balyk awlamaga giden trkmenleri saz hei bilen g edip, olary
hem zlerini dumandan halas edipdir.19 ele hem bagy-sazandalar trkmen
halkyny medeni taryhyny saz arkaly miras galdyrypdyrlar. Bu ide bir nsagy
sagaltmakda sazy ruhy gjni bardygy ylmy rowaatlar arkaly derelip
geilr.
Orta Aziany saz sungatyny wreniji mehur alym C. A. Uspensky,
Trkmenistanda geiren z dredijilik hem ylmy-barlag ekspedisiasynda 1927-nji
ylda Esenguly etrabynda bolupdyr. Ol erde Eran trkmenlerini arasynda ady
belli bolan bagylar bilenem duuypdyr.
Bu alym Esengulyda erli sazandalary si bilen duuar. 66 aly
Mmmetnepes Baird oglundan birne saz azyp alar "20.
16
26
27
22
1.
2.
3.
4.
. , , ,9115 ., 92 .
28
5.
29
[ ]
,
(XIX - XX .),
.
, ,
.
,
.
,
I ., ,
.
I - .
.
.
.
.
. ,
.
.
!
: 10. II. 1995 __, ._
30
[Engli]
An ANNOTATION of my ABSTRACT of DISSERTATION work
PhD work OVNUK, Hangeldy Arazgeldy ogly on "Cultural History of Turkmens
of Iran (XIX - XX centuries)" is dedicated to the actual topic in the history of the
Turkmen people.
The work consists in the introduction, three apters, inclusion and bibliography.
In the introduction the urgency and breaker failure of the problem, put a specific
goal and objectives of the study.
The first chapter deals with the works, which served as a historical for Iranian
writers and poets of the XIX century, About strengthening expansion Persian,
Khanat of Khiva, Russian states in relation to the Turkmens and Etrek Gurgen and
their struggle against them.
Analyzes the literature Iranian Turkmens turn of the XIX - early XX centuries.
In the second chapter we study the literature created by the Iranian Turkmens after
II World War. The analysis of the socio - political status Iranian Turkmens.
Revealed features of modern literary process.
The third chapter examines the sources of Persian poetry. The influence of the
ancient Persian literature on creativity Magtymguly. Committing characteristics of
Persian poetry, its language and graphics.
At the end of the thesis summarized his findings and summarized. ...
See the original text here!
31
( /02-91 )
20/22/20 ( )
( )
9111 -
100
1052
744012 . , . , 92
:
http://cheloveknauka.com/istoriya-kultury-turkmen-irana-hih-hh-vv#ixzz3KyD7LCS9