Microbiology: Pharmacology

Penicillin G & V:
Name drugs and route of
administration.
What kind of drugs?
MoA?

What does it cover:

Bactericidal?
Against what?
Penicillinase sensitive?
Toxicity?
Mechanism of resistence?
Aminopenicillin:
Name the drugs.
penicillinase sensitive?
MoA?

How to prevent B-lactamase?

What does it cover?

Which has greater oral

1. Penicillin G: IV and IM
2. Penicillin V: Oral
Prototype B-lactam antibiotics
1. Bind penicillin binding protein
(transpeptidase).
2. Block transpeptidase cross
linking of peptidoglyn in cell
wall.
3. Activate autolytic enzymes.
1. Mostly used for gram +: S.
Pneumoniae, S. pyogenes,
Actinomyces
2. Gram negative cocci: N.
Meningitides
3. Spirochetes: T. Pallidum
Yes
Gram positive cocci, gram positive
rods, gram negative cocci, and
spirochetes.
Yes
Hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity
reactions
Penicillinase in bacteria (a type of Blactamase) cleaves B-lactam ring.
Amoxicillin and Ampicillin
Yes
Same as penicillin but wider
spectrum:
1. Bind penicillin binding protein
(transpeptidase).
2. Block transpeptidase cross
linking of peptidoglyn in cell
wall.
3. Activate autolytic enzymes.
Combine with clavulanic acid to
protect
HHELPSS kill Enterococci: H.
influenzae, H. Pylori, E.Coli, Listeria,
Proteus mirabilis, Samonella,
Shigella, Enterococci
Amoxicillin

bioavailability?
Toxicity?
Mechanism of resistence?

Atorvaquone:
What is it
What does it treat, prevent?

TMP-SMX is first line for PCP and

Toxo, why use atorvaquone?

Pseudomembranous colitis,
hypersensitivity rxn, rash.
Penicillinase in bacteria (a type of Blactamase) cleaves B-lactam ring.

Analog of ubiquinone (Co-Q10)

1. Mild PCP
2. Toxo
3. Malaria (along with proguanil,
drug is called Malarone- fewer
side effects and more
expensive than mefloquine)
4. Babesia (with oral
azithromycin)
1. Patients who are allergic to
sulfonamide
2. Pateints who have undergone
bone marrow transplantation
because it does not cause
myelosuprression