Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2.
HTML L G? ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
Cc th thng gp ..................................................................................................................... 11
2.6.1.
Th Heading H1->H6.......................................................................................................... 11
2.6.2.
2.6.3.
Th Paragraph ..................................................................................................................... 13
2.6.4.
Th Phn on Br v Hr ..................................................................................................... 14
2.6.5.
Th Trnh By Vn Bn ...................................................................................................... 15
2.6.6.
2.6.7.
Th IMG.............................................................................................................................. 19
2.6.8.
2.6.9.
2.7.
3.
Mt s bi tp v HTML............................................................................................................. 23
S Lc V CSS ................................................................................................................................. 23
3.1.
CSS L G? ................................................................................................................................. 23
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
3.6.
3.6.1.
3.6.2.
nh Ngha Font.................................................................................................................. 32
3.6.3.
3.6.4.
3.6.5.
3.6.6.
3.6.7.
3.6.8.
4.
5.
6.
3.6.9.
3.6.10.
3.7.
Pseudo-classes............................................................................................................................. 39
3.8.
Bi Tp V CSS .......................................................................................................................... 40
JavaScript ............................................................................................................................................ 40
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
Th Noscript................................................................................................................................ 41
4.4.
4.5.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
4.9.
Hm ............................................................................................................................................. 50
4.10.
Mng ....................................................................................................................................... 53
4.11.
4.12.
Bi Tp V Javascript ............................................................................................................. 62
PHP ..................................................................................................................................................... 62
5.1.
PHP L G? ................................................................................................................................. 62
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
Hng S ....................................................................................................................................... 65
5.5.
Ton T ....................................................................................................................................... 66
5.6.
5.7.
5.8.
5.9.
5.10.
5.11.
5.12.
5.13.
File Upload.............................................................................................................................. 80
5.14.
Chun B ..................................................................................................................................... 91
7.2.
YII Framework............................................................................................................................ 92
8.2.
8.3.
- Website tnh (static web) l nhng website khng c h thng qun l ni dung, m
ni dung c gn cng. Hin nay web tnh hu nh t tn ti hoc ch tn ti vi
nhng cng ty chuyn v thit k website.
- V kin thc c bn th web tnh thng c xy dng t CSS, HTML,
JAVASCRIPT (DHTML), hin nay c thm cng ngh HTML5 & CSS3.
- Website tnh thng c dng thit k cc trang web c ni dung t cn thay i
v cp nht.
- Website tnh l website ch bao gm cc trang web tnh v khng c c s d liu i
km.
- Website tnh thch hp vi c nhn, t chc, doanh nghip va v nh mi lm quen
vi mi trng Internet.
Mi trang web u c cch th hin cu trc khc nhau, c trang 1 ct, c trang 2 v cng
c trang cha nhiu ct, bn di y chng ta tham kho mt trang n gin s dng 2
ct layout.
- Phn u: header, c th cha logo, cu slogan, cc lin kt, cc banner lin kt,
cc button, on flash, hoc cc form ngn nh form tm kim,...
Th (Tag):
- Khi trnh duyt Web c mt file HTML, n s tm trong file cc tag hay
nhng on m c bit bit cch hin th file HTML . V d: Khi trong file
HTML c on <h3> Cu trc ca file HTML </h3>
th s hin th on "Cu trc ca file HTML" ln trn mn hnh vi kch thc
ca heading h3 (s ni k phn sau).
10
Ch :
- C th thay i th t, s lng cc thuc tnh m khng gy ra li c php
- S h tr cc th, thuc tnh mi trnh duyt l khc nhau. Ch ging nhau cc
th, thuc tnh c bn.
2.6. Cc th thng gp
2.6.1. Th Heading H1->H6
11
V d:
12
V d:
<H1>The Paragraph element</H1>
<P>The paragraph element is used to denote paragraph blocks</P>
<P>This would be the second paragraph.</P>
Thuc tnh:
ALIGN=left/center/right:
V d:
<P ALIGN=LEFT> ... </P> C ngha: Tt c text trong paragraph ny s c canh
v bn tri l trang. y cng l mc nh.
<P ALIGN=CENTER> ... </P> Canh gia
<P ALIGN=RIGHT> ... </P> Canh phi
13
2.6.4. Th Phn on Br v Hr
Th Hr:
ng gch ngang phn cch cc on trong trang web.
Thuc tnh:
<hr size=number>: ch nh kch thc.
<hr width=number/percent>: ch nh rng
<hr align=left/right/center>: so l
<hr noshade>: khng bng
<hr color>=name/#rrggbb: ch nh mu ging bgcolor
V d:
<hr>
<hr size="5">
<hr width="50%">
<hr width="50%" align="right">
<hr width="50%" align="center" noshade>
14
2.6.5. Th Trnh By Vn Bn
Th font
- Thnh phn chnh l <font size=value>.
- Gi tr values t 1-7. Mc nhin font size l 3.
- Gi tr thay i tng i l '+' hay '-' so vi gi tr chun.
V d:
<font size=4>changes the font size to 4</font>
<font size=+2>changes the font size to basefont size ... +2</font>
Thuc tnh:
color = #rrggbb hay color = color: xc lp mu ging nh bgcolor
V d:
<font color="#ff0000">this text is red.</font>
hay
<font color="red">this text is also red.</font>
15
V d:
<font face=".vntime, .vnarial"> this text will be displayed in either .vntime hay
.vnarial, depending on which fonts are installed on the browsers system. </font>
Cc th khc
- Pre
- Tt
- Cite
- dfn
- code
16
17
OL tag
- Bt u l <ol> v kt thc </ol>
- C nhiu item, mi item <li>.</li>
- Attribute type:
o type="1" - style: 1, 2, 3, ...
o type="i" - style: i, ii, iii, iv, ...
o type="I" - style: I, II, III, IV, ...
o type="a" - style: a, b, c, ...
o type="A" - style: A, B, C, ...
- Mc nh, bt u l 1 cho type=1, nu mun bt u l mt s khc, ta dng
attribute start=4 trong <ol>.
Ex.:
<ol start="4">
18
2.6.7. Th IMG
- Image format: GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP, TIFF, PCX
- Th m v ng: <img></img>
- Thuc tnh:
o src: ng dn tng i hoc tuyt i .
o alt: text hin th nu khng c nh.
o align: Bottom, Middle, Top, Left, Right khng cn s dng trong
HTML5.
o width: image length in pixels.
o height: image height in pixels.
o hspace, vspace khng cn s dng trong HTML5
19
V d: <a name="top"
20
21
22
3. S Lc V CSS
3.1. CSS L G?
- CSS = Casscading Style Sheets
- Dng m t cch hin th cc thnh phn trn trang WEB
- S dng tng t nh dng TEMPLATE
- C th s dng li cho cc trang web khc
- C th thay i thuc tnh tng trang hoc c site nhanh chng (cascading)
24
25
- Attribute Selector
C php: [ten_attribute]{ css_attr: css_value; }
27
<body>
</body>
</html>
Trnh duyt s c ton b cc nh dng c quy nh trong file mystyle.css v nh
dng cho vn bn HTML.
File CSS c th c son tho bng mt s trnh duyt khc nhau. Trong file khng
c cha m HTML, khi ghi li chng ta bt buc phi ghi li vi phn m rng l .css.
Gi s chng trong file mystyle.css trn cha on m sau:
hr {color: sienna}
p {margin-left: 20px}
body {background-image: url("images/back40.gif")}
- Mu nn cho vn bn:
C php:
Background-color: #m mu //tn mu
V d: <p style="background-color: blue">on vn bn mu nn mu xanh</p>
29
h1 {
letter-spacing: -3em;
}
- Dng hng:
ging hng cho mt on vn bn chng ta s dng thuc tnh text-align: v tr;
p{
text-align: left; /* left | center | right */
}
- iu chnh ni dung vn bn:
Mt ng gch chn hoc ng gch ngang dng vn bn s lm cho on vn bn
ca bn thm sinh ng. t im thm cho on vn bn chng ta s dng thuc
tnh text-decoration: thuc tnh;
h3 {
text-decoration: underline; /* Gch chn */
}
30
h1 {
text-decoration: overline; /* k trn */
}
p.lowercase {
text-tranform: lowercase;
}
p.capitalize {
text-tranform: capitalize;
}
31
h3 {
font-size: 12px;
}
- Font-style:
Ch m, ch nghing,... c t vi thuc tnh font-style:
p{
font-style: italic; /* normal | italic | oblique */
}
- Font-weight:
Khi chng ta mun thay i m nht ca vn bn chng ta s dng thuc tnh
font-weight:. Chng ta c th t gi 3 loi gi tr cho thuc tnh ny 1. Normal (bnh
thng), 2. Bold (m), 3. 300 (t dng s)
32
Gi tr
thin
33
medium
thick
length
none
hidden
dotted
dashed
solid
double
groove
ridge
inset
10
outset
34
Thuc tnh
border-top-color:
top
border-top-width:
border-top-style:
border-right-color:
right
border-right-width:
border-right-style:
border-bottom-color:
bottom border-bottom-width:
border-bottom-style:
border-left-color:
left
border-left-width:
border-left-style:
3.6.4.
Thuc tnh margin s nh ngha khong trng bao quanh mt phn t HTML. N c
th dng gi tr m lng ni dung vo vi nhau. Tng ng vi 4 pha ca mt
phn t chng ta c 4 thuc tnh tng ng. Mt khc vit cho gn chng ta cng
c th dng cch vit gin lc nh ngha cc gi tr cho thuc tnh margin.
35
37
3.7. Pseudo-classes
:active
:first-child
:focus
:hover
:lang(word)
:last-child
:link
:visited
Pseudo Class trong CSS c s dng vit CSS cho mt trng thi no ca mt
phn t. V d vit CSS i mu cc lin kt khi r chut vo, i thuc tnh mt phn t
khi nhp vo,.Cc pseudo class c khai bo ti vng chn, t ng sau vng chn
v c du hai chm (:) ngn cch. V d: #link:hover (vng chn ca #link khi r chut
vo).
Trong bi vit ny, v n thuc CSS cn bn nn mnh ch ni qua mt s pseudo class
n gin nht m cng thng gp nht khi vit CSS cho website
Mt s Pseudo Class thng dng
-
:visited c s dng cho lin kt, chn lin kt khi c truy cp (da vo
History trn trnh duyt).
:link c s dng cho lin kt, chn lin kt khi cha nhp vo.
4. JavaScript
4.1. Khi Nim
Javascript l mt ngn ng thng dch, chng trnh ngun ca n c nhng hoc tch
hp vo tp tin HTML. Khi trang web c ti trong trnh duyt h tr javascript, Trnh
duyt s thng dch v thc hin cc lnh Javascipt.
JavaScript l mt trong nhng ngn ng lp trnh ph bin nht th gii, n l ngn ng cho
HTML, web, server, PC, laptop, tablet, smart phone
- JavaScript l mt ngn ng kch bn. Ngn ng kch bn l mt ngn ng lp trnh
nh.
- JavaScript l m lp trnh c th c chn vo cc trang HTML.
- JavaScript c chn vo cc trang web c th c chy bi tt c cc trnh duyt
web hin i.
- JavaScript l mt ngn ng lp trnh d hc.
c tnh ca Javascript:
- n gin
- ng
- Hng i tng
Mt trong nhng c tnh quan trng ca ngn ng javascript l kh nng to v s dng cc
i tng (Object). Cc Object ny cho php ngi lp trnh s dng pht trin ng dng.
4.3. Th Noscript
Cp th ny dng nh r ni dung thng bo cho ngi s dng
bit trnh duyt khng h tr JavaScript. Khi trnh duyt s khng hiu th
<NOSCRIPT> v n b l i, cn on m nm trong cp th ny s c Navigator
hin th. Ngc li, nu trnh duyt c h tr JavaScript th on m trong cp th
<NOSCRIPT> s c b qua. Tuy nhin, iu ny cng c th xy ra nu ngi
s dng khng s dng JavaScript trong trnh duyt ca mnh bng cch tt n i
trong hp Preferences/Advanced.
V d:
<noscript>Trang web ny c h tr javascript. Bn vui lng enable javascript</noscript>
41
42
Cc ton t:
Kiu gn thng thng
Kiu rt gn
Miu t
X=x+y
X+=y
Cng 2 s trong
javascript
X=x-y
x-=y
Tr 2 s
X=x*y
X*=y
Nhn 2 s
X=x/y
x/=y
X=x%y
X%=y
Chia ly phn d
Cc php so snh:
Php so sanh
Miu t
==
So snh bng
!=
>
So snh ln hn
>=
<
So snh b hn
<=
43
Ton t v
||
Ton t hoc
44
45
46
If..else..: Cu lnh ny dng kim tra iu kin, n thc thi vic tnh ton trn mt
biu thc, n kim tra iu kin l ng hay sai thc hin khi lnh tng ng. Mt
cu lnh if n gin c c php lnh nh sau:
47
y l c php lnh n gin, n s kim tra nu iu kin sau theo sau if l ng th khi
lnh s c thc thi.
u tin chng trnh tm mt nhn trng khp vi gi tr biu thc v thi hnh cu lnh
tng ng nu so khp thnh cng. Nu nhn so khp khng c tm thy, chng trnh
s tm n khi lnh trong la chn default, v nu tm thy s thc hin cu lnh tng
ng. Nu khng tm thy cu lnh default, th chng trnh tip tc thi hnh cu lnh tip
theo sau cu lnh switch.
48
For: Vng lp for s thc hin lp i lp li khi lnh cho n khi iu kin l false.
S ln thc hin ca vng lp thng c iu khin thng qua mt bin m.
Cu lnh for bao gm ba thnh phn, c phn cch nhau bi du chm phy
(;). C ba thnh phn ny u khng bt buc phi c, v chng iu khin vic thc
hin ca vng lp for. Nu c nhiu cu lnh thc hin trong thn ca vng lp,
chng trnh phi s dng cp du ngoc mc ({}) cha cc cu lnh
C php lnh nh sau: for([initialExpression];[condition];[incrementExpresion]){
statements; }
Trong :
- initialExpression: Lnh khi to, c thc hin duy nht mt ln v thng
dng khi to bin m.
- condition: iu kin ca vng lp.
- incrementExpression: Lnh tng, thay i gi tr bin m ca vng lp.
- statements: Cc lnh bn trong vng lp.
4.9. Hm
Hm l mt trong nhng khi c bn c xy dng trong JavaScript. Mt hm
trong JavaScript kh ging vi mt th tc hay chng trnh con trong ngn ng lp
trnh. Mt hm c nh ngha l mt tp cc cu lnh, thc hin mt nhim v c
th no .
52
Mng
53
Ryan Dias
<html>
<head>
<script language="JavaScript">
<!-emp = new Array(3)
emp[0] = "Ryan Dias"
emp[1] = "Graham Browne"
emp[2] = "David Greene";
document.writeln(emp[0]);
document.writeln(emp[1]);
document.writeln(emp[2]);
//-->
</script>
</head>
54
M t
Join
Pop
Push
thm vo.
Reverse
Shift
Sort
Sp xp cc phn t ca mng.
<html>
<head>
<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
55
emp.sort();
document.writeln(emp[0]);
document.writeln(emp[1]);
document.writeln(emp[2]);
//-->
</script>
</head>
</html>
56
4.11.
DOM Element
i vi lp trnh web, kin thc v DOM v kh nng thao tc DOM thnh tho l hai
yu t quan trng nht. n gin l v DOM cho bn sc mnh thay i mi th ca trang
web, khi m mi ni dung u c th c thm bt xa sa mang li tri nghim v ni
dung tt nht.
DOM l tn gi tt ca (Document Object Model tm dch M hnh i tng Ti
liu), l mt chun c nh ngha bi W3C dng truy xut v thao tc trn cc ti liu
c cu trc dng HTML hay XML bng cc ngn ng lp trnh thng dch (scripting
language) nh Javascript, PHP, Python.
Ngoi ra, DOM gip thao tc d liu theo m hnh hng i tng. Cc phn t bn
trong 1 ti liu c cu trc c nh ngha thnh cc i tng, phng thc v thuc
tnh c th truy xut d dng m vn m bo tnh cu trc: mi phn t l mt i tng,
s hu cc thuc tnh v cc phng thc lm vic vi cc thuc tnh nh thm, xa,
57
Cy cu trc DOM
Nt
i vi HTML DOM, mi thnh phn u c xem l 1 nt (node), c biu din trn 1
cy cu trc dng cy gi l DOM Tree. Cc phn t khc nhau s c phn loi nt khc
nhau nhng quan trng nht l 3 loi: nt gc (document node), nt phn t (element node),
nt vn bn (text node).
- Nt gc: chnh l ti liu HTML, thng c biu din bi th <html>.
- Nt phn t: biu din cho 1 phn t HTML.
- Nt vn bn: mi on k t trong ti liu HTML, bn trong 1 th HTML u l
1 nt vn bn. c th l tn trang web trong th <title>, tn mc trong th
<h1>, hay mt on vn trong th <p>.
- Ngoi ra cn c nt thuc tnh (attribute node) v nt ch thch (comment
node).
Quan h gia cc nt
- Nt gc (document) lun l nt u tin.
- Tt c cc nt khng phi l nt gc u ch c 1 nt cha (parent).
- Mt nt c th c mt hoc nhiu con, nhng cng c th khng c con no.
- Nhng nt c cng nt cha c gi l cc nt anh em (siblings).
- Trong cc nt anh em, nt u tin c gi l con c (firstChild) v nt cui
cng l con t (lastChild).
58
ngha
id
className
tagName
Tn th HTML.
innerHTML
outerHTML
textContent
attributes
style
value
Phng thc
ngha
getElementById(id)
getElementsByTagName(tag
name)
59
getAttribute(attributeName)
Ly gi tr ca thuc tnh.
setAttribute(attributeName,
Sa gi tr ca thuc tnh.
value)
appendChild(node)
removeChild(node)
document.getElementById('id_cn_tm')
document.getElementsByTagName('div')
document.getElementsByName('tn_cn_tm')
DOM Event
S kin v cc hm x l s kin DOM l mt phn quan trng ca Javascript. S kin s
xy ra khi c s tng tc t ngi dng (nh s kin onclick khi ngi dng nhn chut ,
61
4.12.
Bi Tp V Javascript
5. PHP
5.1. PHP L G?
PHP (vit tt hi quy "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") l mt ngn ng lp trnh kch bn hay
mt loi m lnh ch yu c dng pht trin cc ng dng vit cho my ch, m ngun
m, dng cho mc ch tng qut. N rt thch hp vi web v c th d dng nhng vo
trang HTML. Do c ti u ha cho cc ng dng web, tc nhanh, nh gn, c php
ging C v Java, d hc v thi gian xy dng sn phm tng i ngn hn so vi cc ngn
ng khc nn PHP nhanh chng tr thnh mt ngn ng lp trnhweb ph bin nht th
gii.
on m sau minh ha gip cch vit PHP lng vo cc trang HTML d dng nh th no
62
Di y l nhng v d c th hn:
Ch thch dng:
63
?>
V d :
<?php
$name = "phpandmysql.net"; // kiu chui
$Name = 123; // kiu s nguyn
$num12 = 1.2; // kiu s thc
$_bien = "gi tr";
$12name = 10; // bin khng c bt u bng ch s
a = "10"; // bin phi c du $ trc
?>
- Ch : Trong PHP phn bit ch in hoa v in thng , bin $a v $A l hai bin hon ton
khc nhau.
5.4. Hng S
Trong PHP c hai loi hng, hng c sn trong PHP v hng do chng ta t nh ngha
<?php
TRUE , FALSE ; // c gi tr tng ng l 1 v 0
PHP_VERSION ; // cho bit phin bn PHP trong server ca bn
PHP_OS ;
?>
V rt nhiu cc hng khc nh E_ERROR, E_WARNING.........
- Hng do chng ta nh ngha, nh ngha hng chng ta dng cu trc sau :
65
5.5. Ton T
Ton t gn : d thy ngay trong khi ta gn gi tr cho 1 bin, v d
<?php
$name = "haanhdon"; // Gn gi tr "haanhdon" cho bien $name
$number = 10 ; // gn gi tr 10 cho bin $number
?>
Tn
K hiu
M t
V d
Php cng
$a + $b
Php tr
Tr hai s hng
$a - $b
Php nhn
$a * b
Php chia
$a / $b
Php chia ly d
Chi ly d
5%2=1
Tn
K hiu
M t
V d
So snh bng
==
$a == $b
So snh khc
!=
$a != $b
So snh ln hn
>
So snh ln hn
$a > b
So snh nh hn
<
So snh nh hn
$a < $b
66
>=
Ln hn hoc bng
$a >= $b
Nh hn hoc bng
<=
Nh hn hoc bng
$a <= $b
V d : Ton t s hc
<?php
// Ton t s hc
$a = 5;
$b = 10;
$c = $a + $b;
$d = $a * $b;
echo "Tng $a v $b : ".$c."<br />";
echo "Tch $a v $b : ".$d;
?>
V d : Ton t so snh
<?php
// Ton t so snh
$a = 5;
$b = 10;
if($a > $b){
echo "$a ln hn $b";
}else{
echo "$a nh hn $b";
}
?>
Ton t logic
67
K hiu
M t
Php v
Php hoc
|| hoc or
Ph nh
V d
$a > $b && $a >
$c
$a > $b || $a < $c
$a != b
V d :
<?php
// Ton t logic
$diem = 7;
In chui:
68
// Hy Marius
// Hy $name
?>
Ni chui:
<?php
$site1 = 'marplo.net';
$site2 = 'coursesweb.net';
echo 'Web sites: '. $site1. ', '. $site2;
http://coursesweb.net
?>
<?php
$hy = 'Hy ';
$hy .= 'MarPlo';
echo $hy;
// Hy MarPlo
?>
Function for String:
- trim: loi b khong trng u v cui chui
- strlen: di chui
- str_word_count: m s t
- ucwords: in hoa k t u ca t dng tn ngi
69
70
V d:
<?php
$host
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
$self
$_SERVER['PHP_SELF'];
$time
$query
$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'];
= $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'];
$root
$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'];
$r
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'];
$rh
$rp
$url
$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$sname = $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'
$ips
= $_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR'];//--IP ca server
$ipc
$br
= $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];//--
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Ton T S Hc:
Ton T So Snh:
Ton T Logic:
72
Ton t kt hp:
73
Lp Trong PHP
Cc hm x l mng
print_r ($array) c dng xem cu trc ca mng
75
array_pop ($array) Loi b phn t cui cng ca mng. Hm tr v phn t cui cng
c loi b.
array_push ($array, $val1, $val2, ... , $valn) Thm mt hoc nhiu phn t vo cui mng
$array. Hm tr v kiu s nguyn l s lng phn t ca mng $array mi
array_unshift ($array, $val1, $val2, ... , $valn) Thm mt hoc nhiu phn t vo u
mng $array. Hm tr v kiu s nguyn l s lng phn t ca mng $array mi
76
array_unique ($array) Loi b nhng phn t trng nhau trong mng v tr v mng mi
array_key_exists ($key, $array) Kim tra kha $key c tn ti trong mng $array hay
khng? Nu c tr v gi tr true.
77
5.12.
Hm Trong PHP
78
Hm t nh ngha vi cc tham s:
C php:
function function_name($gt1,$gt2)
{
//Hnh ng
}
V d:
<?php
function indulieu($text)
{
echo "$text<br>";
}
indulieu("welcome");
indulieu("who are you ?");
?>
Hm vi gi tr tr v:
C php:
function function_name(C hoc khng c i s)
{
//Thuc thi
return giatri;
}
V d:
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5.13.
File Upload
- Tip theo ta s kim tra xem ngi dng nhn nt submit hay cha bng cch kim tra s
tn ti ca bin $_POST['ok'], nu ngi dng nhn submit ri th tin hnh kim tra xem
h chn file hay cha, nu cha chn file th bo li
- Ta c th ly c tn file, kiu file , c file thng qua cc bin :
80
<?php
if($_FILES['file']['type'] == "image/jpeg"
|| $_FILES['file']['type'] == "image/png"
|| $_FILES['file']['type'] == "image/gif"){
// l file nh
// Tin hnh code upload
}else{
// khng phi file nh
echo "Kiu file khng hp l";
}
?>
81
Session V Cookie
83
S dng cookie:
s dng li cookie va thit lp, chng ta s dng c php:
C php: $_COOKIE["tn cookies"]
Tn cookie l tn m chng ta thit lp pha trn.
Hy Cookie:
Session: Mt cch khc qun l ngi s dng l session. Session c hiu l khong thi
gian ngi s dng giao tip vi 1 ng dng. Mt session c bt u khi ngi s dng
truy cp vo ng dng ln u tin, v kt thc khi ngi s dng thot khi ng dng. Mi
84
Thit lp session:
thit lp 1 session ta s dng c php: session_start()
on code ny phi c nm trn cc kch bn HTML. Hoc nhng lnh echo, printf.
thit lp 1 gi tr session, ngoi vic cho php bt u thc thi session. Chng ta cn phi
ng k 1 gi tr session. tin cho vic gn gi tr cho session .
Ta c c php sau: session_register("Name")
V d:
<?php
Session_start();
Session_register("username");
?>
S dng gi tr ca session:
Hy b session:
hy b gi tr ca session ta c nhng cch sau:
session_destroy() // Cho php hy b ton b gi tr ca session
session_unset()// Cho php hy b session .
85
Mysql l h qun tr d liu min ph, c tch hp s dng chung vi apache, PHP.
Chnh yu t pht trin trong cng ng m ngun m nn mysql qua rt nhiu s h
tr ca nhng lp trnh vin yu thch m ngun m. Mysql cng c cng mt cch truy
xut v m lnh tng t vi ngn ng SQL. Nhng Mysql khng bao qut ton b
nhng cu truy vn cao cp nh SQL. V bn cht Mysql ch p ng vic truy xut n
gin trong qu trnh vn hnh ca website nhng hu ht c th gii quyt cc bi ton
trong PHP.
nh ngha c s d liu, bng, ct:
C s d liu: l tn ca c s d liu chng ta mun s dng
Bng: L 1 bng gi tr nm trong c s d liu.
Ct l 1 gi tr nm trong bng. Dng lu tr cc trng d liu.
86
Thm gi tr vo bng:
C php:
INSERT INTO Tn_bng(tn_ct) VALUES(Gi_tr_tng_ng);
V d:
Kt ni c s d liu:
C php: mysql_connect("hostname","user","pass")
89
La chn c s d liu:
C php:
mysql_select_db("tn_CSDL")
V d:
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","root","root") or die(" khong the ket noi");
mysql_select_db("demo");
V d p dng:
<?
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "root") or die("can't connect database");
mysql_select_db("demo_mysql",$conn);
$sql="select * from user";
90
Lch s
Vo thng 12 nm 2008, mt PHP Framework mi c cng ng bit n l Yii
Framework vi phin bn 1.0. C rt nhiu Framework c pht trin vo nm 2008 nhng
Yii c mi ngi nhit tnh cng nhn v Qiang Xue l ngi thnh lp ra Prado
Framework cng chnh l tc gi ca Yii Framework. Nhng nm kinh nghim v nhng
nhn xt ca ngi s dng, ang cn mt Framework PHP d dng hn, m rng hn v
hiu qu hn p ng nhu cu ngy cng tng ca cc nh pht trin ng dng Web. V
vy Yii Framework ra i v p ng cc yu cu trn cho cng ng Web.
Yii l mt PHP Framework c xy dng pht trin cc ng dng Web quy m ln da
trn nn tng component (thnh phn s dng li). Yii cho php ti s dng ti a cc thnh
phn ca h thng tng tc vit ng dng.
Ging nh hu ht cc PHP Framework, Yii l mt MVC Framework.
92
Model
94
Layout
Layout l b cc chung nht cho mt Website. N thng cha cc thnh phn chung nht.
Trong Layout c th cha cc cu lnh PHP.
V d nh: header, footer,
95
96
97