REAKSI-REAKSI PENDAHULUAN

GOLONGAN SULFONAMIDA
PRINSIP DAN REAKSI
Golongan fenol adalah senyawa yang memiliki paling tidak satu gugus
hidroksil yang terikat pada rantai alifatik.
Prinsip reaksi identifikasi untuk golongan alkohol
Reaksi esterfikasi terbentuk ester yang dapat diamati dari aromanya.

BAHAN DAN ALAT

Pelat tetes, tabung reaksi, penjepit kayu, pembakar bunsen
Sampel etanol, gliserin, mentol,
Etanol (CH3CH2OH) BM 46,07 Titik didih 78oC
Cairan tidak berwarna, jernih, higroskopik, mudah terbakar, mudah menguap.
PROSEDUR
1. Menggunakan tabung reaksi, masukkan 1 ml etanol. Tambahkan asam
salisilat atau asam benzoat, kemudian perlahan-lahan melalui dinding
tabung, tambahkan H2SO4. Tutup mulut tabung dengan sumbat kapas.
Panaskan di atas penangas air. Amati aroma pada penutup kapas.
2. Menggunakan tabung reaski, Lakukan reaksi iodoform. Amati aroma
hasil reaksi
3. Menggunakan tabung reaksi, tambahkan larutan jenuh K2Cr2O7 jenuh
dalam H2SO4 50%. Amati perubahan yang terjadi.
PENGAMATAN
N
O

REAGENS
IA

Esterfikasi

Iodoform

K2Cr2O7

PENGAMATAN

REAKSI
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Gliserin (C3H8O3) BM 92,05 Jarak lebur 0-20oC

Cairan yang tidak berwarna, kental, dan berasa manis.
CH2OH
HOHC
CH2OH

Struktur kimia gliserol

PROSEDUR
1. Campurkan larutan gliserin dengan 1 tetes CuSO 4 dan basakan dengan
NaOH. Amati perubahan warna yang terjadi.
2.
PENGAMATAN
N
O

REAGENS
IA

PENGAMATAN

CuSO4
NaOH

REAKSI
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Mentol (C10H20O) BM 156,27 Jarak lebur 43-44oC

Serbuk kristal putih, aroma pepermin, rasa dingin.

OH

Struktur Kimia Mentol

PROSEDUR
1. Letakkan mentol di atas pelat tetes. Amati aromanya.
2. Menggunakan pelat tetes, tambahkan H2SO4 dan salisilaldehid. Amati
perubahan warna yang terjadi.
PENGAMATAN
N
O

REAGENS
IA

PENGAMATAN

REAKSI
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Resorsinol (C6H6O2) BM 110,1 Jarak lebur 109-112oC

Serbuk kristal putih, menjadi merah jika terkena cahaya.
PROSEDUR
1.
PENGAMATAN
N
O

REAGENSI
A

p-DAB

FeCl3

Lieberman

Ag(NH3)NO3

REAKSI

PENGAMATAN

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