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  • Fired Heater Operations Cause & Effect

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    LTORRESM
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    The document is a matrix listing various issues that can occur with fired heaters along the left side and potential root causes along the top. An "X" indicates that particular root cause could contribute to that issue. Some examples of issues include flame lift off, high CO in flue gas, and tube sagging. Potential root causes include problems with air to fuel ratio, burner configuration, fuel composition, draft, and combustion air preheat. The matrix provides a way to identify potential underlying problems if specific heater issues arise.

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    Fired Heater Operations

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    The document is a matrix listing various issues that can occur with fired heaters along the left side and potential root causes along the top. An "X" indicates that particular root cause could contribute to that issue. Some examples of issues include flame lift off, high CO in flue gas, and tube sagging. Potential root causes include problems with air to fuel ratio, burner configuration, fuel composition, draft, and combustion air preheat. The matrix provides a way to identify potential underlying problems if specific heater issues arise.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    268 views1 page

    Fired Heater Operations Cause & Effect

    Uploaded by

    LTORRESM
    The document is a matrix listing various issues that can occur with fired heaters along the left side and potential root causes along the top. An "X" indicates that particular root cause could contribute to that issue. Some examples of issues include flame lift off, high CO in flue gas, and tube sagging. Potential root causes include problems with air to fuel ratio, burner configuration, fuel composition, draft, and combustion air preheat. The matrix provides a way to identify potential underlying problems if specific heater issues arise.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 1

    Coil

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X

    High vaporization

    TMT below acid dew point

    High process flow

    Tube expansion restricted

    Tube support failure

    High casing loss

    Convn fins burned out

    Excess fouling - convn secn

    High Firebox Temp

    Poor Burner Adjustment

    Burners too close

    Less burners online

    Uneven firing

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X

    Low draft

    High draft

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    Coke build-up

    Process

    Low pass flow

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X

    Low Fuel Gas Pressure

    Heater

    Flame impingement

    X
    X

    Burner tip oriented wrong

    Damaged burner tile

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X
    X

    Burners

    Burner tip small/ plugged

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    Excessive firing

    Higher S in fuel

    Particulates in fuel gas

    Fuel Composition Change

    Fuel gas not traced/ insulated

    Heavies in fuel gas

    High N2 in fuel

    High H2 in fuel

    High Air Preheat

    APH Air leak. See low Xs air

    Low air temp

    Poor APH performance

    Excess Heater Leak/ Tramp Air

    X
    X

    Draft

    Wrong type burner

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    Fuel

    Burner tip worn-out

    Incorrect O2 / High Xs Air

    Incorrect O2 / Low Xs Air

    Air:fuel set wrong or poor mix


    X

    Air Preheat

    Unequal pass flow

    Firebox

    Combustion

    Flame

    Issues
    Flame lift off
    Flashback
    Flame impingement/ Hot spots
    Erratic flames
    Flames long
    Flame out
    Flame pulsating/ Vibration / Noise
    Flames interact
    High fuel gas pressure
    High CO in flue gas
    High O2 in flue gas
    High NOx
    High combustible in flue gas
    Afterburning
    Burner tip plugged
    Positive pressure at arch/ firebox
    High radiant TMT
    High convection section temperature
    High stack/ flue gas temperature
    Low heater efficiency
    Tube coking
    Damaged tube/ refractory
    Tube sagging/ bowing
    Tube bulging
    Excessive corrosion of APH
    Corrosion of convection tube
    COT variation
    High radiant coil pressure drop

    Low primary air

    Air: Fuel

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X

    X
    X

    X
    X
    X

    Modified & Based on "Typical fired heater problems and root causes", Patel, S., Petro-Canada, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Hydrocarbon Processing, March 5, 2007

    X
    X

    X
    X

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