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Q)Why do isotherms shift north & south from season to season?

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An isotherm is an imaginery line drawn on a weather chart or map to join places of equal
temperature.Temperature varies from season -as there is high temperature during summer
& low temerature during winter with minor changes during transitionary seasons.We
know,that temperature is proportional to atmospheric pressure & inversely proportional to
density.
A.P.=K*D*T
T=A.P*1/D
where,A.P.=atmospheric pressure;K=constant;D=density;T=temperature
During the summer season in either of the hemisphere's the sun is vertically overhead
of the tropic of cancer/capricorn.The land which has a low specific heat capacity & also
being a bad conductor of heat re-radiates the heat to the atmosphere resulting in the
spreading of molecules of atmospheric gases due to the heat energy.As mollecules
spread over a wide region it's pressure on the land becomes low resulting in high
temperature inspite of compressive force applied on them by gravity.
During winter season in either of the hemisphere's the sun is not vertically
overhead & the light which reaches the hemisphere enjoying winter has to traverse a long
distance through the atmosphere as a result very little energy reaches the land
.Hence,heating of the atmosphere becomes a dismal & air mollecules contract & gets
compressed due to lack of heat & overpowering of gravitational force resulting in high
pressure & low temperature.In the large waterbodies the latent heat energy stored by the
water is slowly being released resulting in high temperature due to low pressure being
caused due to breaking up of mollecules.Hence,pressure exerted is over a large area so it
is small & temperature is high.Moreover,the warm ocean currents on the polewards
movement path keep giving out sensible heat & latent heat to the immediate
surrounding,thus,decreasing atmospheric pressure & moderating temperature in higher
latitudes beyond 231/2(degrees)N-231/2(degrees)S.Insolation becomes more & more
slanting in higher latitudes which in turn effect the heating & coling of land &
sea.Thus,indirectly influencing isotherm shifts.
This is the reason why isotherms bend polewards over in winter &
equatorwards over the oceans in summer.Over the landsurface the isotherms bend
polewards over continents in summer & equatorwards over continents in winter.

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