;

,. '
. ,
,

.
.

. ~
.

......

122

--

......

,----

--

.
l( .

1924.

.f{:
'.

_..

1-3cotga 1- 3 cotg2
1 11 dsin 3 ~ 3 sin - sih 3 qsin a~ 3,:sin - 4sin .
51

30

',-

'-

80

"

, a=vy

30

83 130
187

,:

. /

90

225 17 ....

, ..

, .
..
.

q .

lj

.' .

324 100

ad,+cd .... ' ad'+'ZJc

;
.
,

396
550

60

80

...

.'

2
--

--::::::::>'

-+

N
()

.'1

~.

i3

1t

8_-~

"
Z(
H'l)

()

()

't

()

'f

WdJ

{}~

I.L

--

::._-

cr

..

.
3

, . I{

I{ypca

,
.

0,

0 . 0-

.

, ,

{: ..

"VIII

. l{ao

.
,

CI< ,

.
,

1924.
. .


, .

~
, .

U.
,

r.

, ,
,

.
,

,

l1,

CacTaBi{e
.1


, .
3

"~, ,

IHL: ,<11 .

, .

.,

, -

lj,

caCTaB~e
.1

2
,

. .

, { {
:

{ { (

Li

),

l<

<l

. ,

lj

. , ,
ij
, ,

l{,

, .

1
.

I.
.

1.

lVI .

3 ,

1{ , . .

,
. .

Og,

, . , ,

.
. I{,

() .
3

JZoje

, , '

:;: gOx : :;: : :;: : ... =

: : AN: .. .
, , . . ,-:: ,
" t :;:
1*

gOx,

, h

(arcus)

. h

t, ,
.

,.

,l}

,.
.

1.

. .

..;.- I --
-- 1

'

areAN
1: =
' .

"

1:g0x

::;:.:. -

1,

, 1:

= AN, . I1

1)

Meljy

arcA 1B 1 : arcA 2B 2 :

r{

arcAB

: :

0/\2: . . . ,

5
(
) ; .
,

2.

,
.

h.

l1, h,

~a

360

!<

' .

360- . ,

(Grad, degre),

",

. -

: .

(Minuten,

secondes),

miuts) .

(Sekunden,
.
,. ".

1 = 60',

l' = 60" ,

1 -- 60'60" = 3600". 1)

. .
,
1)

14

1(!0

( ),

400 ,
100 ,

'

390 15' 27,83"

39,1527830 = 3!:15,2783'= 391527,83".

<l! .

670 14' 38,56" 67

38 56 .

1869.

6
.

26043' 53,47" = 26'60.60"

+ 43'60" + 53,47" = 96233.47"

= 95233,47' = 16038912'
60

'

= 136~9120 = 26,731520.

,

360-

,
,

60-

-.'

'

60- .

,
,

. .

ij

3600).
3.

"
"

"
"

"

"

"

21t

2.,

10
1

3600,

I{

1t -- 3,1415927,
',

"

"

2 = 1,5707963,

"
1; ;..

_ . - = 0,0174533, .

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

1t
" 180.60.60 = 0,0000048.

1"

1800
900

., ,

1.

l1,

"

180
1t
180'60 = 0,0002909,

'(

. . ,

1 3

1800
'1t

17/ .44,81"

=--= 570

206264,81".

r.p0 : 1800 =

r.p

: ,

(1

r.pG
r.p = 1800 . ,

r.p0= r.p . 1800,

'1t

r.p

r.p0

. .

'.'

: 180'60'

r.p

: ,

r.p": 180'60'60" = '. : ,

rJi /
I

= r.p . 180'60'

rJi /
,

'.1,..

rJi"
I

= arer.p . 180'60'60"
'1t

r.p = 180'60' . ,
rJi "

arer.p = 180'60'60" . .

1)

arcrp = ],2835496.
I{ , ?

0= 12835496 . 1800 = 735419740 = 730 32' 31 11"

rp
3,14]5927
'
.
,.
= 264751,11".

8
'

2)

49018' 27,53" = 49,307647 0?

49,307647
..'
=
180
. 3,1415927 = 0,860581.

, =

1.

4.

!{ t ,

!{

(Pierrede Fermat" Beaumont de Lmg 1601 Toulouse 1655) (Rene Descartes !{

Renatus Cartesius, La 1596
!{ 1650).

!{.

' ' .

. , ',
'' '.

11

.. II

"- _ _~B_ _~p'

(Coordinaten-Axen, axes

'

des coordonnees);

,--,' +-----:::+'~-_ ~X
{

'

'

. 2.

- (-,
' -

des

"

-,

ul)

).

des ),
(V-Axe,

(rechtwinkliges Coordinatensystem, systeme des coordonnees rectgulis). , ,

1)

llln
lI

4: ,

r<

(Coordinatemvinkel, angle des coordonnees)

, ;~: =

(schiejwinklig, obIique).

901,

R
,

9
-

Coordinaten, origine des' coordonnees).

(Anjangspunkt Qd. Ursprung

'.

, . . : 1 , ,

. .

1 1. u
(recht~vinklige Coordinaten, coordonnees rectangu ,. - ,

laires)

.u

(Abscisse, abscisse); -
(Ordinate, ordonnee).

, .

-- ,

-, -

- ,

- Q u,
. -

Jltf.

.-

. ,
.

x~x

. .,

-)

. ,

1,

' )

1,

()
. ,

..

10

. ,
,

, , , ,

, -,
, . .

, -,

-- /

. .

1 , 2 , 4 .
,

, . . .

/,

1 , 2 , 4 -
/,

:
,

:-

' .

+,

, , I ~

, ,

- .
,

, . .

11
}{}{, , }{
,

+
+ +

JV

(2

. .

"
"
"
"
"

'

'

"

-,

,
=-,
-,I ,

= +,

=+,

=,

=-,

= ,

=,

= +,

=,

=-.

= +,
=-

"
"
"
"
"
"
"

"

=-,
=-,

}{ ( )

}{ 0

radius vector (Leitstrahl, rayun vecteur)

. () . 3

2
:

+ 2

+ v + 2.
2

(3

}{ }{.
}{

}{ ,

}{

-~-"

}{

12
.

li

pz

"
"
"

"
"
"

= 6,5,

=4,

2=-3,

2=

=-3,5

-7,

4=9,

7,

4=-6

-6t------~lp

{\ i

"",.,',

2 . 3 .(, 5

10

. .

"

"

"

5.

"

"

P1

"

v6,52 + 42 =

7,632,

2= (32+ 72 -

7,616,

"
"

r = ( 72 + 3,5; = 7,826,

= 10,817,
4=
~/
92+62
"
,

.
,

- .

13
.

l{paIC

"palz

, ,

900

1800, 1800

2700

2700

3600.

, .

4.

1.,

. -
I<

!'li ,
.

- -

1.,

. ,

.
,

- .
, ,

14

-1:-

. .

'

.
(

!I

);

= ,

.
t , I Or-:;:'-----f.=--,ac

. :

( ),

4.

). . .,

'

-1:-

-1:- ' = -

. .

( )

u.

, . . ,

OQ,

2)

1)

PQ

PQ

PQ

OQ

, , ,

'
. ,

(tigmtish

od. goniometrische FunktioKreisfunktionen; fonctions iulis) .

15
'

PQ

(sinus)

'

PQ

sin =.

](

(cosinus)
OQ

OQ

cos =- .

(tangens)

OQ.

sin
tg =cos

PQ

(cotangens)

PQ
OQ

I<

cosAOB
OQ.
cotg =tg =sin =PQ'

(secans)

I<

sec .~ cos =PQ;

(cosecans)

cosecAOB =

sin

==

PQ

16

.
.

.5.

,.

t
,

.

,

. .

t. ,

OQ

PQ =--= ,

1:

r.

lJ.--

17
.

.
=
stn tJ.

rosec tJ..

cos tJ. = --r

sec tJ. =

tg tJ. --

stn tJ.
cos tJ.

7.
.

cotgtJ. =

Stn tJ.

cos tJ.

1
tgtJ.

-~

(4

,
, I{QMe

, n

,
'.
.

'
.

tJ.

'

. .

<

.' .

( ) .

8.

( )

( )

lYi .

. 3 ' ,

18

' - n

-,

(}<l,

&qt:;I!1!'JJt-

'

,.

= sin . --- cos /?,'

'," fg .."

, cd:g ~.,
'

=cO'fgu..
=' sec

'

,tgf?-,.',

(. --c@,s{(' ~,.
.

-.

=' cO'sec u. _~ s:ec@.. ,

('I. ~ : .

13

900

('1.,

"

"

9(0)
,

'

sin . = cos (900 - ('1.),

cos u. ~= sin (900 - .),
,
tg . cotg (900 ('1.), cotg . -- tg (900' (1),
sec ('1. cosec (900 .),
cosec . --' sec (900 (1).
"

('1.

I(,

900

('1.

( '

Functionen)

. sius i

'plementi sinus, cotangens compl~menti tangens, cosecans complementi secans.1)

.'
1) dmld Gunter (Hel'efordshire, 1581 _
London 1626). . . Marie. istoire des Sciences Mathematiques etPhys'ques. m 11!. pag. 184.
"
,

19
.

sin(450~)=cos(450+~),

1)

tg(45 0 +~) = cotg(45 0 + ~),

sec (4~? +~) =:= cosec (450 + ~),
450 + ~ = 900 ~ (450 .).

sin 450 = cos 450,

tg 450 = cotg 450,
sec 450 = cosec450,

2)

450 = 900 ~ 450.

3) sin 30(1= cos 600,

ta30 0 = tg

.,
sec 300= cosec600,

!rIr

cos 300 = sin 600,

cotg 300 = tg 600,
cosec 300 = sec ,

600 = 900'- 300.

4)

, "

sin 27042', 18,3'~ ==; cos 62017'41,64",

tg 270 42' 18,36" = cotg 620 17' 41,64" ,
sec 270 42' 18,36" =cosec 620 17' 41,64"
,

: ,

620 17' 41,64" = 900 - 27042' 18,36".

9. ,

\.

\ l{,

,'
,

, ,

'9:::

"

. .-

1----

i-13

900.

)
. LI

I<

1.

7.

2*

,.

20

OQ = RP . QP

OR.

, h

1,

I<

,"
,

sin (. = QP -- OR ,'"cos [3,

cos (.
OQ = iin .
,

' I<

'I<PYf

h I< D~

1,

3 ,

tg (. =
sec (.
D,

I<OMe

cotg[3,
cosec [3,

1,

cotg . = D =-= tg [3,

cosec (.
OD sec [3

1\i joL d'

, I<

1,

I<Pyr.
- - ..
OPN, I<aTeT3,

.
tg (. -- cotg [3,
sec (. - - OMcosec (3,
cotg (. - - PN =.= tg [3,
cosec . ON secp.

. , ,
,..

si;.

. , , -

21

(Munk).
z

sinus

n,

n6, -;,n6, ( ) n.

nsn,(lt li od. Plato Tiburtintls

!I ),

. 6 6 (
hammed Geber , lj Battani, Albatani
' Albategnit!s, 850-928), sinus, '

, .

lt
,

Ti\j .!) -

'

sint!s

.
,

s.

.~

semissis inscriptae

( ), ,.. ..

(. .

7),

2",

'

(Louis Godin, 1704-17I)

. 2 )

..
)

sin, cos, tg

cotg"

rJ.

520

.;zo

-1
.

8.

2)

I{
.

'

1) Maritz Cantor. V cirlesungen iiber Geschichte der Mathematik. Erster

Band, pag. 632. Leipzig 1880.
2) G r g S i
pag. 369. Leipzig 1823.

g 1. Mathematisches
Worterbuch, Vierter 7;hei,l,,
.

22

sin"-=

~, )

cos,,-=;, .

tg"-=4,

d) cotg"- =

..90,.

.9 .

..

9d..

4
4

2.

.
..
-',

10.

. " 1.

cosec,

sec

sin, cos; tg

cotg,

, . :

23"
'roapaHTY

(8.

4.

1ft{)JtlI;

+
+ +

:.9l 2. ..

Ri

JV

4.),

,. ,

"!I." i3

--

"

r .

"

"

It

SlUS

tgs

tgs

IV

-t-

.]. SIUS

+\

+
+
+

+
+

11.

(5

ii l{ , .
.

(.
~-

sm

(.

(6

. .

900 . 1800 2700 3600

. ,

..

+00

--+I .

(.

cos (.
tg (.
cotg (..

900 1800 2700 3600

-
0

1
1

--

+00

+00

I
. +)

(7

24

1,

<1

.
.

.
, ,
:
. . .
900
( )
( KBapaj-Ia).
.
..

,>

I..1

ff1.

, . 900
. 900
u. (
:),
. 3 tg (900+
u.)
tg ~900
u.),

+-

. u.
900
. 900
.
(900),

( u.
) '-l

-".

7. . .
tg 2700 -~

2700

+00,

( )

( . ). -

tg 2700- tg 2700
. ". . . '.

+ ,

-'.

)(

12.

<' .

3 1!.

6.

10

. .

f . ,. .

u. (

PQ

'~,

()

. 3

OPQ,

'

Q',

. PQ

" Q"

P'Q"

P"Q"

=. ' =

<.

u.

"

" ( )
- ,

u.,

lj

3~

0."

10.

- . .

1.

26
.

,.

l.?

JV

0/1

8)

.....

lO. l{oHcTaTyjeMo ( m
)
u, . . ,

, ~
. . .
900
!{ ~ 1, .

' :

()().

27
1 . --

1.
,.

, (. .

..

'.'

sm .
cos'; ,

=.

6.),

tg' .

cos .
cotg . =
=. ' .
tga.
sm .
1

R
.

tga. cotg . = 1.

(~

', R.

6.,

sin . = , cos . = ,
r

I< ,

+ 2 =

(. ..

sin 2 .

+ cos

2 .

4.).

~t

,..

i
()-

1.

I< : ur w
. ,..
,

'

t ..

I<.

+- 2.

Roje

6.

I<

I< '

, I< :.

28.,, '.

.r
~.
1
2
V 1 - cos u. =----;:,~~== == -;:===:;::0'::'===
{1 +tg 2 u. (1 "--/- fg 2

sin u. .

cos u. ,- ~/1

sin 2 u.

11) \

{1

. - ..

tgu. ==

l cotgu.'

+ tg

u.
-

. sin 2 u.

~ 1

{1

'

{1
--

Sll1

cotgu.
( 1 cotg 2 U.

cos 2 U.
cos u.

1
,

cotgu.

sin 2 u.

Sll1 u.

cos u.
cos 2 u.
{1

tg u.

lI , . .
. fi
; ,
.
,

1)

Sl.

.5'

cos . =
4
5 . 4
tg . = ' = -3-

cotgY. =4 = 4

cos IJ.=

2)

SlI1.

'l.

'

r(S
tg
,

'l.

..

{s

3.
---;2

cotgt x =

1.

,
jl5

2.

__

, I(S

3)

S1l17- =

. I

+(~y

(5
cotg =

l
-1

2.

'<!

cotgCl. = 3

4)
.

Sln

{l

...,- 32

. tgrl. =

14.
'

fi

r{Q

1
. =_.
V1u

. cos CI. = {I

+ 32 = !{'::=I~O

'

}1

900.
900,

900

I{,
.

h t .

..
,

30
.
(.
<-. .),
ll, . .
{),

~-

!<

1,

f:j

-900 1800,
1800
u., yh

. .

l70-~

f:j

ll

1800.

HeN:ar<aB

130

I<

r : f:jfi 2,

.(.

1800

., l{ . l,

! . (. .,

11.)

2 l,
,

.. l , ..

sin (1800 - ) = sin u.

cos (1800 u.) _. - cos ci.
i

tg (1800 -

cotg (1800

u.) = - tg .
)
cotgu..

sill 1670 = sill (1800 - 130) = sill 1

cos 1670 = cos (1800 - 130) = - cos 130

:.

1670 . sin 1670 .. _ t 130

sl7 0

'.
. cos 1670
cotg 1670 = si-lf7 = --: cotg 130.
, (f:j
800

2700),

31

1800

l , ( KBapaHTY),~ ' .
.

sin (1800
cos (1800
tg (1800
cotg (1800

+ ) =
+ )
+ )
-+ -)

sin u.
co~a

tg
cotg ..

sin 2180 = sin (1800 + 380) = -- sin 380

cos 2180 = cos(180 0 + 380) = - cos 380

t 2180 sin 2..8 = t 380

g
cos2180
g
-.
cos 2180
. 0
cotg218 0 = sin 2180 = cotg'38

3600)

4, ,(
l

jeHaKeKoop~laTe

. ,'

sin (3600
cos (3600
tg (3600
cotg (3600
.

3600
.
3600

.)

2700

'

szn
costJ..
tga
. cotg _.

.. sin 11 . siz (3600 -- 490) = - siz 490

cos 31 1 = cos (3600 - 490) = cos 490
sin
3110
tg311 0 = cos3(JO = - tg490

cos 311
cotg 3 11 = . -- = - cotg 490.
sm 31 1 .
-() :

32

fCt

1800 (1.
sm (1.
sinus
cos (1.
1co~inus
tg (1.
I tangens
cotg (1.
l cotangms

1800 ~- (1. 3600

Slll .
sm (1.
cos (1.
cos (1.
tg .
tg
(1.
.
cotg (1.
cotg

13)

JV

JV
.

11.

900

+ (1.

1800

(1.)

ll,~

" -

'

(1.

(. .

12.),

" lz

: ', , :

sin (900
. cos (900

+ (1.) ...
+ (1.) =

cos (1.
- sin

tg (900
cotg (900

+ (1.) =
+ (1.)

>

(1.

cotg (1.
tg (

+
+

sin 1670 = sil1 (~OO 770) = cos 770

cos 1670 = cos (900 770) = - s in 770
sin 1670
tg 1670 = cos 1670 = - cotg 770

70 - cos 1670 - _
770
16
cotg
-.
1670
tg
,
Sll1
.

cos 1670 = - cos 130

. (. .

sin 1670 = sin 130,

sin ! 30 = cos 770, cos 130 = sil1 770

.,

8.).

'

2700

1800
' "

+ ).

ljh -

sin (2700- )
cos (2700- )
tg(270 0 - )
cotg" (2700 - )
sin 2180 = sin (2700 cos 2180 = cos (2700 sin2180
tg 2180 = cos 2180 =

cos
sm (.
cotg
.tg .
"

520) = - cos 520

520) = - sin 520

- .
cotg 520

0 -- cos 2] 80 - t 520
218
t
g
- sin 2] 80 - g
,
,

cos 520= sin 380, sin 520 = cos 380

,

3600
2700

2700

) h "!!

+
"

'

"

rJ..

34

+
+
+

sin (2700 u.) = - COS rrE

cos (2700 --f- u.) = sin ..
tg (2700 u.) = - cotga:.
coig (2700 .) -- [ .
.

sirz 11 0= sirz (2700 + 41 ) = - cos 41

11 = cos (2700
41 ) = sin 41
0
sin311
tgI1 0 = cos-31 10 = - cotg41 0

. ,

0_cos3110 _ _

cotg 311 -sin31I o --

tg

410

sin 41 0= cos 490

cos 410 =sirz 490,

900

l)

smus
cosmus
fangens
cotcngens

--- .

2700

/..

cos .
sm .
cotg .
tg /..

cos /..
sm .
cotg .
tg /..

sm

'

Q'

)
.

12.

/..

cotg
tg u.
1

JII

+ /..

cos .

JV
2700

/..

. ,

;:'l
:f{ f{

900

900

' f{' :

': ,. ', f{

u., 1800 + CI .. ' 3600

CI. (
t f{ 2 , 4) f{. :

1800'

, (

sin

:;

sin,

. :; .),

f{OMe

5)

f{aKO

10.

l'l f{
,

900+ CI., 2700

,( ",

u.

f{

2700 + u.

'" "II).

f{
'

(sin

ce]'s, cos sin .), f{

f{OMe

'

5)

}(

10.

U. 13)

1)

sin(180 0 CI.)
cos (3600
CI.)
tg (1800 II u.)
cotg 1800+ u.).

szn CI.
cos u.

tgCl.
cotgCl.

f{ao

CBaf{oj

, f{

1800, CI.,
1800
CI ]t f{O CI. 3600
CI., f{
f{ 3600.

,CBaf{y

3*

, I(!.~ ~

1800_

t , ,
, .
t
. 11 l'\

. . .
;'

{l - sin 2a,

cos =

{l

sm

--;,
1
sin 2 (J.

tg(J. =

cotga =

sin 2 a

sll,

t ,
, ,

,
'

,..

'

t ,
,
,

] , ],

(.

1800

. l) -

, ,
. '

1'

sm =

cos =

5'

+ -5 '

tg =

-'-

'

cotg -- + 4 -

37

15.

' IZ IZ , IZ.

(.,

IZ ,

IZ ()
-

360'0,

21.,

IZ IZ ,

(.

+ 3600)

F(u.)

F (u.+ . 2 'it)
'

IZojy

F (u.) ,

IZ,

.,
.

14),
.

IZ

.. ] .
IZ, IZojera , IZ ,

IZ

I<,

3600,

IZ,

],

,2'it.

] ,

IZ,

{ erio disch ,

periodique).

IZojace

, .
,

u (PeriodicittitsmoduZ,

amplitude de la periode).

R ,

IZ

].

-;
IZ .

3600

2~.

13)

15.

38
, . :

, . .

3600
1800

27t"
7t".

+
+

1)

sin 16420 = sin (4.3600 2020) = sin 2020,

sin 2020 = sin (1800 220) = - si1122 0.

2)

cos 7830 = cos (2.3600 -+- 630) = cos 630.

tg675 0 =tg(.180 0 +

1350)= tg 1350, '

tg 1350 = tg(180 0 -450) = - tg45 0.

cotg' 2160 = cotg (1800 -+- 360) = cotg 360. '

4)

16.

, .,

, ,..

t ()

F (,

, -

'

!{

'
,

, '

TQMe,

, )

()

(lJ

'f ().

('

I{ :1 ,) ,
;I ) .
?

(1),

) : ), '

:R . [)
U1.

(impHcite), ) )
fI.J3;U'. (e:xpticite) .

, l )

),

(inverse)

{I~,

. .

bx 2y+cy+d

ax 2 +d
=2
'

cy+d

'

!og(a)y

(cyk!ometrische Funktionen,. fonctions

sin , . .
circulaires inverses). . .

, , ,

(arcus),

40

are sin .

sinus
() arcus sinus. cosinus
arcus ius. .

-szn ,
eos ,
t[(X,
eotgx,
-see ,
eosee ,

" "

"
"

" "

" "

" "

are szn ,
are eos ,

--- are tg ,
are eotg ,

- are see ,

are eosee .

"
"
"

" "

,
, I'

I{

(eindeutig,

t).
,
, -,

- 31-IO ( ehrdelltig,

polytrope).

,
.

sin

sin

+ 2r.)

sin

=sin(x-~n2'it)

-t-- 2 . 2r.) .

...

41

'

sin =

, =

+ 27:,

+ 2 . 27, .... = + 27.

, . .

, ,

+ 27:, + 2 . 2it, .'.. + 27:,

-',

,.

21'". '

tg(x+7:)--tg(+21'")

.igx
.

. .

7:,

....

tg

+ 7:, = + 2 . 1'", .... = + . 7.

17.

~ '

.
.

tg(x+nl'C")

. -

AOS ---

.,

3600

,AS

= 2'it

ABS .
.

, -

13.
tJ.

42
36

, 13) .

sin (- ) =
1 cos ( 1'1.)
15)
I tg ( 1'1.)
l cotg ( )

14.

sin (3600 -- 1'1.)

sin 1'1.
cos (3600 )
cos
tg (3600 )
tg
cotg (3600 ) = - cotg

. , .
,

sin (- 730) =
=

cos (- 730) =
tg(-73 0) =

=
cotg (- 730) =

sin 730
sin (3600 - 730) = sin 2870.
cos 730.
- tg73 0
tg(180 0 -730) = tgI07 0.
- cotg 730 = cotg 1070.
-

11
.

1.

18.

/.

pr

sirt

+ [3)

43

l<

BD
1: BPD (-

.)

sin (

+ (3) =

.= AD + DP

""--=---"-;--"'-'-7i------

=~B +DP

. sin

=,

14.

+ cos

cos~,

-- -=

=sin

sin

+ ~) =

sin

cos

+ cos sin .

t,

l\10

sin

(.

cos (
(. .

15.

sin

sin

[3)

cos (

[3)

+ cos sin (

~)

),

cos [3, sin ([3)

[3)

17.),

sin

..

;-- sin

rJ.

cos

cos

sin

44
' t
iHa . ~ ,

Ol{

15

. .

14,

.1:::

15.

) 3 {

. (

szn

-i)

- _ ==

= -

.,

sin

. sin

cos

-- cos~, =sin F

,'

( -~) =

sin

cos ~ - cos u. sin

< (.,

. . (.

r > ,

> ,

< 3 ,

t, .

, .

, . >~, .

sin

(!.

~)

"

--

. sr

sin

>

cos !. sin

, . <~, . .
h , ~

> ,

15

< .

," .

sin (~

.)

sin ~ cos .

-, 13

cos ~ sin .,

~,a .

., '

19.

. ~.

- .

~ .

~.

'
"

7t

2-

sin ; - (. -~)

=
.

'7!

sm 2 -!.

COS

+ cos

COS (.

~) =

COS .

cos ~

7t

:2 -

sin

+ sin . sin ~ .

.
..

sm --

sin

!..

- ;3 =sm :2

('!'
. cos ~ ~2

COS

.(a.+~)
_7t -

. sin 13"

..

+ )

cos (tJ,
i<oje

cos COS 3

sin (, sin ,

I< I<,

11

I<.
I<

cos (tJ,

14

j3)~.

-- -=

_
. COS (,

COS COS

-----

DB

s[n ,

- sin (, sin 13.

'I< 15

cos CtJ, -

,Q)
t-'

+
'

+
BD

' COS , + , sin (,

COS COS

+ sin (, sin .

sin , ) =
{
I cos )
l cos [3)

16)

sin cos
sin cos i3
COS COS
COS

COS 13

+ cos sin (3
+

cos , sin
sin (, sin
sin IJ. sin ,

I<oje , I<I<

IJ.

~.

iI< I< I< I<

47

.{) . . .

+ ~
sin (. + ~ -1- )
sin cos (~ + ) + cos sin (~ + )
= sin COS ~ COS
sin . sin ~ sin '(
+ cos . sin ~ cos -+ cos cos~ sin ,
cos ( + ~ -1- )
cos cos (~+ )
sin sin (~+ )

< .

1) i3

-- COS . cos 13 cos JCOS . sin 13 sin '(

- sin . sin 13 cos
sin cos ~ sin '(.

+ ,
cos (. + ~ + + ) . .

(.

.sin

+ 13 + -f- )

20.
,. -- "

IJ.

g(.

+ 13)

11

cos

COS

--~

sin (
cos (

+ ~) =
+ ~)

sin cos ~
COS cos 13

+ cos sin 13

sin u.sin 13

3,

tg (,
1

+ 13)

sin .
sin 13
cos COS 13
1 _ sin sil1
cos cos [3

t (.
g

+ 13) -- 1tg .tg+tgtg13~ .

', 3

-- 13

tg (13)

tg 13

48
(. .

15

17.),

ta (.

~)

tg . tg ~
1 tg . ig ~.

t-'

cotg (. -f- ~) =

+ ~)
sin (. + ~)

_co~J ci.

cos . cos ~
sin . cos ~

sin . sin ~
cos u.sin ~,.

sin

sin

~,.

cotg (.
,

+ ~)

cotg . cotg ~
1
cotg . cotg ~ ,

~) =

cotg (
cotg (.

cotg~,

_ ,Q) = cotg . cotg ~

t-'

cotg ~

+1

cotg 1].

17)

tg (.

+ ~)

tg (.

~)

cotg (.

I cotg (. _~)

+
tg ~
tg . tg ~

tg .

tg ~
tg . tg ~

-- 1

+ ~) =

tg .

cotg .. cotg ~
1
cotg .. cotg ~

cotg .. cotg ~
1
. cotg ~ cotg .

49
.

,AI{O

,',

.'

tg 450

17) (J.'~' 450,

cotg 450 - 1,

sin 450 , cos 4.50

(. "

:., 8;)

) "" 1 -{"' tg ~

'

'

'.
' 'cotg ~1
,'"
'(.
1"
'cotg (450 Il) " :61"
0_1.-: .) ~--- ' "
(45
t
g " 11" --,cotg~+l'
,',' ',-1" -cotg~l'
1

'.,

"

.'

-.-

.. -

,-

,,~

--

2)
"'~ca
~
,-'
(-,
t.'
17)
"
,

t (
g
-

+ . , ___tg
+ tg + )') , '
,1
-tg(. tg (~ +)'), '
- tg + tg, ','
+
' '
'1

.,)

1"

. '

' .

( (.

l t g tg )'
-1 . ' t (. tg +tg )'
g ,1 tg ~ tg"j

, " 5'

',,'

t (: 1_ _L_ "') __ tg (. + tg ~ + tg )' tg . tg ~ tg "

g . 1"

1 tg (. tg
tg tg "( tg )' tg (. .
I

cotg (.

+ f3 + ) =

cotg (. cotg ( 1
cotg- (. + cotg (~+)')
-

cot (J.cotg ~ cotg"( ,1 , 1

,gcotg ~ cotg"(
--:-. " t' 'cotgpcotg
r
>1 ,'.
g
,---, , ' " " 'cotg~+ cotg ,

.-

coto' (.

-3 _!_ ,,) __

_1

h\

(.

cotg (. cotg i3 cotg cotg (.

cotg . cotg i3 cotg i3 cofg

cotg cotg~
cotg cotg (. 4

50

tg(a-+~+j+a), cotg'(a+~-~'(+a) . .
2.
.

21.

I<

I<

I<aI<BOr

I< I< I< .

I<

17),

I<

' ,

~, t ,

I<

I<

16)

QI<

2 sin cos .

cos 2a

tg 211. C~-=

AI<o

I<

.".

( sin 2. ,
cos 2

18)

QI<

I<

I<

sin 2a

2 tg .

tg2u.
2a.
'cotg
1
cotg 2. -.
2 cotg 11.
.1

16)

17)

I< ~' ~ 2

18),

sin 311.--= 3 sin

cos 30: -.,- s:

cos 2a

si 11.

3 sin 2a cos
,

-- 3 sin

r:J..

'- 4 su.

4 si .
3 cos

51

tg

u.

---

cotg =
.

fg .
tg
---"'-------::--,-.::~
1
tg2a

cotg u.

tg .

cotg u.

'

.
,

. .

22.

Jl Jl.

.
,

21.:

, :
.

21.

10)

u.

1.

18)

2rJ.

2'

().,

+ sin

cos 2 ~
.

2 .;

().

cos 2 -':2:- - szn 2 -':2:- --;: cos ().,

, "

2 cos 2 ~

1 -f- cos .

2 sin 2 _(). "-~-::' 1 2

,

cos . ,. ,',
4"

52

SllZ

21 (1 -

2 (1+ cos .),.

cos-=
2

19)

1
cos
..
1 - cos
- - - - --1 cosu. .
sin .

+
+ cos u. =

u.
.' ,cotg 2 =-

l .. ..

"

cos .)

'

-~.'._-'-

sin u.
1+ cos .

~-

l-f--!.s . -'-- ~._s_i....;n__

,u._

cos

sin .

. ..

-.

.
.

cos .:
-,'

'

...
..
.
. cos
u.

. .
.
-

- -,

- -,

. .

--,.

_.

,,

O~qj

"

-.

'.

., -

,
,

+ )

- cos (3600

.
cos . = cos (3600 .)
360 0 - .)
, . , , ,

. cos (3600 I
19)

l ,
,
I

7200

' . , ,

,.

3600

3600

.,

2'

1800 --- . 3600 + u. . . , "

'
2'
I
2'
, 2'
,
,
13) . ] 4.,
1800

'.

I< l

53

" ',,23.

Ji.'

'.,'

' .

18)

21..

1)

13.

2 -- = 1
sm 2 -'+ cos,.

. u.

u.

.
sm

2 sm 2 cos -2 =

(.,

l1

.sm 2tJ.+ cos 2(.2 = 1+'

Sl!l

'2

'.rJ.

,.

sm - - cos -2
2

u.

smu.

. u.
sm 2
sin

+ cos'2u.

_rJ. _

,(1

L .
"""' Sl!l (.

cos . --- {: 1 - sin (.,

'2

.'

, ,

sin ~ =

"."

+ 2 { 1 + sin u. +

'1 " '

2 {: 1 -

''

1 ,( 1 L '
, 1 (-1-- I
cos -2= :2 V - sm u. -t- 2 V
Sl'.
u.

(20

" , '

-:r

(-,,:,

54

' ,

(3600

siz

sin

+- 1800

20)
(1., 1800

'.

I{

sin (1800 (1.) sin (3600 11.) =

(1.)
sin (3600 + 360 -+- (1.).
...

(1., 7200

+. (1.,

. . . " . . ~, 900

~,

1800

+ 2'(.

2700

(.,

(1.. 3600
2'

3600

+ (.,

+ (.2"

5400

ROj'

ROje

()

.
24.

i)

'.

RR.
I<: lj , R

I{ .

sin (. + ~)
sin u. cos ~ -f- cos (1. sin [3
sin (. [3) = sin u. cos ; cos u. sin ;
cos (. + ;) cos (. COS
si u. si;
COS ('. .
~)
cos u. cos 13
sin (. sin ~

+-

55
( .. 1 LI.

19.)

sin (.
sin (.

-1- 15).+ sin

-1- 13) . sin

(.-

~)

cos (.
cos (.

(3)
(3)

-- 2 Si11
2 cos

+ cos ( + (3)
cos ( + (3)

cos 1)
sin [3

2 COS . cos ~~
2 Si11

!1.

sin .

-i- 13 =

. -

7,

(3 =

'f,

(f; -

,,

f3 =

'

sin 'J)....L.
sin
,1
.
,
1

. Sll1

cos ,1'

,
'.

,1

'- cos

--

'

_!.

-""

sin sin (900 7) sin

cos 'f + sin --- cos'f + cos (900
).
'.

cos 'f

(21

(f; -

(f;

+
,1
2 sin
'si11'

(f;

,
_.~::--'-

2 cos .
2

cos ,1, -. COS '),

(f;

')
-- 2 cos:"",,_- . sin

+ cos ').

2 sin

+ ,1 cos..:...

(f;

sin ,

(f;

'rr,

 . .
, ,

21).

"

+ ' ,,---'
,
2

--- 2 cos 450

_,

450- ~~+~

+'

w
1 ,cos

(!

450',: '

'

-fW
2--1 .

__ _

1)

w
-,---',-~,!- sin
(f) -

'--;- 2 sin 450

"+'"'" +
sin 450'

cos (f), - sin tl;" :== 2 cos 450 -

'

(f)

"

rr =

'

sin 450 -- cos 450 =

{2
2

h~

cos r.p -t- sin f

cosrp

1/2 cos (450

rr) =~. 2 szn (450 -f- rr)

sin'Pv2,sin(450

rp)1!2.cos(450+rp),

,cos rr
cos rr
2)

{-

+ sin. rr =

szn

'

tg ( 450

-+ ).

21)

ij

57

+ sin

sin-r.e
cos w
,

+' cos (f),

cos -,cos r.e

sin(f) sin w =
,

tg r.e +2' "

[

-f-
2

cosrb
COS (f)
"
,
(f)
w
.
'..:
!- =
tg ,
'sin ', +' sin W
2
,
i

.sin '~, -'- sin w, .

rj) ----,-,' r!J
~--:--:-~--'- == tg ,
,
cos ,1;"
cos (f),
2

cos

, COS

25.

cos (f), = tg '.,D

I
tU
' W
tg.'
,
cos r.p
2,
2'

tg 'f

+ tg

sin
(f)
s[n
r!J
'sin
_--,':.- -1'=
. COS rj)
cos r!J
1

_ .

cos (f) cos ,])

.

,'0. -

_ sin ('f
COS '.,D
-

cotg r.p

+
cos
'.D sin ,1;
,
,

ro COS ,1,;

+ )
cos. W
'
.,

cos '. + cos =sin . COS'f cos sin 'f

cotg'~ --sin
sin W
' sin rj) sin W
'f)
1

sin
(
'.)
._.sin r.p sin .

..1

tg tp

COS ')I COS

sin
(~
)
tg = cos (t COS w
I

22)

+_ tg .sin (rp +-),1;

tg r.p

. I

sin (,1; --1-. ()

cotg r.p -1- cotg 'f =
I
sin (t sin w
I

I
I

sin (,.
r.p)
sin (t sin ,.;

cotg =

cotg
'f
\

.
'

. .

TaI<O

I<

I<

+ tg

. cotg r.p

+ tg

cotg r.p

1. tg -- cotgr.p + cotg (900

tg (900

r.p)

, , t

cotg (t
'1

. cos ((1) tL)

ta w-
'S
sin '.. cos ,1
I

cotg r.p

tg

cos (r.p
)
sin (t cos ,1
I

.
"'

1)

r.p .-.

18

21.)

2 sin

r.p

cos r.p

--

sin 2 r.p

(. .

59

cota
-+- tg
6

cotg'
2)

tg'~I :=

2
-::--.
sm2w

22)

2 cotg 2
_

tg 9+ tg _. __ cotg + cotg 9
t.g ",.r tg-U; cofg-;l- cotg
i

7--

sin (9 + )
sin.tl.c,
'1).
!'\
I

,,,'.

___
tg ~~. tg,1
.'
-.
.
-cot.g
,.!, =.= tg 9 tg' .
cotg ~ + cotg ,}
cotg ~
tg_~_-_tg__

- -,

111
3 .
]

Q
.

26.

.-. -

450

\ \
,

,/2,

-= ,/ 2 + 2 ==
, ,

450

'.

\"

--:

sin 450 == cos45 0 - .

..

tg 450 == cotg45 0 '

1
{ 2
('- =
2
2
.

1.

(23

t
..

.
. .

L.
--.

"

'"

, .... 1) sin 450 -

" COS (900 . . ''450) ,'cos 450 tg .
50 .,CQ!g
450 ],
,
.- ..
-

.'-

__ , "

'"
--"---/". __ /
"

"

!)
-,

-,/-"

"

tg (1.'

sin

: -':

" t"f

-,'

"

~';:---,:=~=c===

V1 + tg

2a.'

16.. ,

'. 1

sin 450 -~ ".

'

cos 450.

19) . 22.
20) . 23.,

2)

(1.

900;

" !'

'

sin 450,. ....

cos 450 =

27.

sin 900 "1, cos 900

.

1 '. '.'

z (1
1

~2-

(1

',

, . .' 1 ...'
cos 900) = (-'
~ 2

+ cos 900)

1
=.

-.

{2

. .

300

60 0 ' ..~. ;-> -" .

, '
,.

sin :'" cos 600 '._ 4 ) '

,

cos ".- sin 600 =

tg

.---1:!-----+--- ~
"

{
",2

cotg 600 .-

>

(24

'

'

---->

_,,

" cotg 90

17."

"

tg '~-{3:;1

.--'-'-"'-'

.'

n. ~i.I
't'' i
( , 600)

, Kyq~e ~lia'1lI:1 Q:Q,9.\\,1.{~

'

. _., -.'
'

"
rI , ' ",
',"
"',
N
''
' 3 v.;
i , '
\ SlJl
- .(1
-. ' . ,S
SlfJ."
,
-v~',

"

,'

0'"_

.~_.

,(.
~Ha
Ii~5;1.,~2.)f3~/~,'
.
.. ; -6' .;.. ,

'
-

.'.~

'

'

'

'

..',

"

"

4 3 ,

-- sin .. "- ~
, ~ t

28. 180
';t

720 Cl

21t

(>11' .

!1-.
-

'-

' -

,.

"

, , '

' ij

,!{

62

:
,
I
I ;

, 1)

2 +-

18~'8

,
I
,

2---0,

, -;/<--,

' --.-- -1 -+ (s- .

,I

;'

1.

1 .../

/,
'

...'

'~~t'
, "

......36 0

"

'
,/1

\!

-------l)------n

..---: --.. . . -~1-~+

. 18.

... /

HaljeHOl\'le

, :I1

, .

+,

'

I;!eta

' .

, , ,

< . ,
.

;/5 - 1
2
.

-1-

-- 1'-~ -~

720

).-- _ "3600
r--

10-

36

CD " (, - ~ 1-= D~-1 BCD

.

"5 ," 1
= 180, AD -- BD -- 2 - V 4 -
-

~.----

. 1)

(.

II ,

I- , , =

= . OI" /::., ,~. !':i. ( '

I'~) : = : , : = : r - q. ., .

= . .

63
I~

--~-

/5-1
1
cos 720 -~. !...-.- -4- ; -

sin 180 :.=

cos 180 . - sin 720 . . -

1-

tg 180 =...: cotg 720-- ---====::: --

180 (720),

,~..........

tg72 0 = -

_,"

v10+2/5
-' ==(5-\-2(5.2)

cotg18 0oo 29.

'1-5~51)

10+2
r

/5

.1 . '

I '

450, 300 (600)

17.

20),

19.

18

21.)

..... _ - -

1)

tg2 180 =

(~.5

1)2 = - 2 (~
10+2{510+2V5

80 - 32
80
tO' 180 =

2) cotg2 180 =

/-

(6 - 2 (5)
_.- (10 -2 {S)
(10 + 2 (5) (10 - 2

V'5)

2 r
1 - 5 V5.

I(
1 - 3.. '(5:
5"
10 -;- 2 {5....

(1/5- 1)2
. 80 -.- 32
16

V_5_ =

10 .+- 2 {5
6-

HI5

5 -+- 2 {5,
.

(10 -1 2 ~i5) (6
."

(6 - 2

V5)

-+- 2 1/5)

(6 -1- 2

V5)

64
.

9}11. ,.

(
.

HOB~

23.)

19- ." 22.

,_.

_"_

20

.
. .

1)

t
-

.-

. " sin 450

45

COS

(2 ..
2

=="

1800
_= 22..!.
(. . 2~ .. 26.)
8 -. 2

;3)
-

'.

'.
.'

--.-

;-----_.-

1 "

COS

222 .=. sin 67 ~ =

1

2(1
1

ig 222 --cotg67z "

"1"

C:OS

4?0) =."

.-'--------~-:---

". 1. f1 2 ~

.--,~

1
2

2V 2+V 2

450
--- 1 '2 - 1
sin 450
,;
COS

COS

22 ~

65

cos 114

~--

sin

78~

----

, 1(

11
~L cos 22~ I
2~

2 )

. . h

1800

2m

2m

'

{ .

2)

sin
(.
[

1:

24

~2'

cos '----= 2

27.)

1800 = 150

22.

------

(.

sin 150 =

1
cos 750-- / 2 (1 -

1 cos ) = 2 V 2

cos 150

1
2 (1

sil1 750

+ cos )

2! 2+V

; tg 150
::otg 150 =
1)

750

cotg 750--

tg 750 = 1

cos
sin

+sincos

_= 2 +- f~ )

-~ . 1

150

150 = 450 -

= 600 - 450, 750 = 450

+ .

66

1800
r--

sm

7;

'1

cos 82.,,--

=---= /

.-----~

1 1

(1 - cos 150)

1
---- 2

1/

/ 2 ~f-

.------..'

COS 7. -21

'82 21 =

- - Sl

8, -::= 7~ t 233

,/

---

"1

-~- (1 --- cos 150)

~

1 /
. r
-- 2 1/
I ....
?
JI 2 ~.~
I ' '

--

11
,

. ,

1800

2[.3'

2"', 3 .

)
-~

. "80
1/5-1
szn
1 ----

'

cos 180=

(,

25

28.)

sin 90

cos 810 --.

r
4 ,; 10
1

: 2 {5

67

COS 9() =::: sill 81 ---

} (1 I cos 180)

. . ,

4-2 . .

1800

~.

.-5' 2"n .. 5 ..

240 , 450

150 : 180 -- 330, ,150

270, 300
180
120, 180

180

. ., , ,

= 30

+ 90=
150 =

.qa

1800
2

1800

21"-.--3

1800

2"1~-

~lO

k 1800

2-~.

.5 '

. -

k. 1800 .
21 . 3 . 5 ,. .

30

2 . ~~o; .5'

, -

, ,

sin 30
=

[( {5

sin 180 cos 150

-- 1) 1/2

+ {3

30

180

150

cos 180
sin
150
. .

/ 1 + 2 vst/ 2 . ,/:1
5*

68

cos 30 --- cos 180 cos 150

-

+ si 180 sin 150

sin 1,

sin 3 (.. == 3 sin

(. I{ .

21.)

4 si (.

(..

(.

1,

4 sin 3 1

3 sin 1

'10

+ sin 30 --

(t

2.
.

..

30.

11081:/.

f!

(.

11

I<~

13.)

I<

(.

15

1;

17.),

I<

13

14.

I<

r.

.
'

900.

I{ .

69
t!lll ,
I .

31.

' .

1.

']

.-

!l]

IJ. ---

PQ =-= sin

. .

(.,

tg ..

-- 1.
I{ ,

>

),

PQ, .
> PQ .

">
.
/ . sm

>

CL.

, ,

()
. .

19.

2 < 2-' ,, :

i- , . <
CL

< tg ..

~L ,

sin

< < tg ..
CL

]
.

. .

(25

70

2.

. S Z n

l.

--

'

,...

: 2 :

< 1)

Sl-(1.

(1.,

25,

. sm rJ.,

1
.

rJ.

< s--:i'-n < -co-s-o.

(1.-.

.l> -sma>
cos
rJ..
rJ.
.

I"J.

'4~

2-' Ar<o (.

(:. . COS )

. .

rJ.

ij
. I"J..

26)

rJ.,

27) .

rJ. =

szn (.

-- = 1
..

- :\!8

. .

u. ==

tg I. =

7l

1. 3. { ,

II-

ti

3,

sm

. =-=

2.

sm 2 cos 2 =

tg 2 cos

tg 2 I

u.

2'

. . >2 2'. cos

Slll

. u.

sm 2

2 '1.

sm

. ~> .

,
.

2'

'1.)
2
sm 2

sm 2

u.

. 2

4.

sin

'1.

:=:> '1.[1 -

. '1.21
4

(28

72

()

. , . .

sin .

2.

311.

~ . 2
~

, 4

t<,

cos

. : =

cos

.
2 ''
L..

sm-2

(.

29)

2'

sm

2 ..., - -

1-

2 2 .
-

sm

. 2

> cos (. > 1 -

-2-'
2

/ .2
<~
, , 1 _ cos .,_,

,
,
.

73
.

12

-2-

. .

, ,

. 1 - 2
cos . -~
sm 2 --u.

28),

I{oje

. ,

>
.
smi 2-32'
.

t
COS

11.3

. .3 732

I.

<1

2 t2

cos

(.

<1

. 2

..1-

4
.
__

2.

16

322'

I{,

cos .

< 1-

.2

a.<t

! --

16

tlr ,
2

1-

/'
/" 1
2- ~ cos . ~ .

_. 2

29),

(1.1-6-1,.- .

(30

,. , -.

' i\

16

1-

(.2

2' Ma.ll

74

32.

tl .

t '~
I

450.1)

t
l,

tg . ==
sec

r:J.

sin (. ,cotg (. - -CDS

.
1
.
._-- ... .

CDS .

(g '1.

Slfl .

= ------

cos (.

CDsec

=-= Slfl
-.- ..
.

'

450

CDS

. .

1"

!)

t,

1"

sin 1"

t,

1".

. (.
.

3.

1"

sin

101/

101/.

28

.\,

10" ---

31.).

',..

180 . . . 1 -- - 64806'

'1 ..

< 0,00005,
~ < 0,000 000 000 00004.
~3

, ,

. -

1)

1.

8.

75

sin 1 == 64 ~oo

cos 101/

-- 0,000 048 481 3681

--2.
?

cos 1Off --,- 1 _4

< ;6

(0,00005)4 ./ 4

< -,-l

<-, 19'

(. 30 . 31.), . .

cos 10

1-

lf

2 t4800 = 0,99999999882477847

)2

'7<:

h '

10"

10

10

--

1 "

+ 1" -- 20

. .

2011

--

1:'

10".

19.

, ,

+ ~) + ~)

2 sin

IJ.

2 cos
=

!{

sin (
cos (
,

40

cos
COS

sin
COS

(
(

[3)
[3),
,

16)

'

2 cos 1 - q,

76

r sin (. -+-1011) =

q sin u. q cos u.

1COS(CI. -;- 1011) .

,

sin(u. -10/1)
COS (fJ.

u. = 1!!,

1011).
1

20 , 0 ',

. 20"'''"~q sm
. 1011
sm
sin 1I q sin 20!!
sirz 4011 q sin

cos 201'
.cos /!

sin 1!!
sin 2011 cos 4011

11

q cos 10!!
q cos 2011

q cos
.

1
cos101/
cos 2011

II

q = 2

. , -

' ,

1'"

sin (. -1- 10/1)

2 sin u.
cos (1
. - 10/!) -- 2 cos .

<,

(.

sin
cos

== 101.1, 2011,

1011)
10'/) -

(.

sin u.
cos u.,

,.
II

.,

sin

2 sin

-~

sin 2011
!!

2 sin20!/ -

sin 4011
. . .

2 sin

!!

. . .

cos 20/1 II

cos
cos 40/1

10

1
sin 10 /.

--

sin 201/

. . .

..

sin 20'1
sin

. .

!!

cos 20/1

2q

cos 1011 = 1 -

.2

cos

20

_._,
2.,

0,000.000002 3504.

'!

2 cos 10U

Z2

11

. .

2 cos 1011 -1 cos 1011

2 cos 20!!
cos 1011
cos
2 cos

sin 1011

Rltl

77
. , ,

sin 10" cos 1"

. ,
tI ,

ij ,

(. .

I<

90),

3.

29.

( )

,
, . .

,
,

peije

. .,

. ,

- .

jt:

lZ,

log tg . -- log sin . log cos tJ.

log cotg tJ. log cos tJ. log sin . -log sec IJ.
log cos tJ.
log cosec .
log sin tJ..

log tg tJ.

1.
.
.

33.

<:

: .1:, .

(31

t .

1)

31)

exposant).

(PotclZZ, puissance),

Grundzahl, base),
t,

u
,

(Basis,
(Potenzexpo-

t -

,.

80

2)

31)

, , -

32)

=I/

(Radikand),
dice de

(Wurzel, radical),

f] (~Vurzelexpol1el1t,

racine, l'indice du radical).

l'in-

3)

log(a)

33)

31)

(Logarithmus, Verhdltnisszahl, 10garithme) (Numeras, Logarithmand, nombre) (Basis, Grul1dzahl, base) .

, tl , .
()

() (

), ()." . .

!ogCj) 49 = 2,
!og(2) 32 5,

"

1
log(4)~ =
64

3,

"

72=49
25
32
"
1

4-3 =

64

. .:

. .

. , '

81

log

numerus logarithmi),

!og(a) ,

(34

31).

, ,

(35
34.

3.

, , t .

< ~ 1) 1)

( ,
, ), ,
, -

, ,
.

1)
1.

!ll!!lI

, . .

82

Nl

h .

tl. . :

II

,
I
l

~> ,

36)

100'

<-."
.... :

:>

"

:'\:

"

/00"
S --

"

,..,.,...

1,

<..//'

>
/

<

1 :> ,

.<

ax<~O.
'.

37)

"

log = /og 0= ::::.

35. .
,1)
OI{.

">l

1,

a1

!og(a)

38)
36.

-'= 1.

. ( )

1)

1,

,
,

I; .

83

log(a) 1 -- .

37.

-- ",

(39

"

"

, ... ,

!og(a) ,

log(a) ',

'

log(a) ", ....

"

'

log (. ' . " . ..) --log

log -, =logy

log

,- =
log V'

+ log ' + logy"

'

-/

: '"

(40

logy/

(41

log

(42

logy
q

(43

6*

84

log . __ log"y.
q

40:

41: ()

.()

();

42:

43:

l{

l{
.

;

l{oje

l{aA

1'vlO r

, . I{
, , ,
,

: .

u.

q=

- log ,

yq =

+ k

+k

=log(yq)

85

yq?

+31<

+ 2k

yql1

-"

log (yq2)
x+2k
x+3k _ .log (q)

+ 111<

x+nk- log (yq").

"

, ~

yq, yq2,

q,

... yqn

+ k, + 2k, + 3k, ... + nk.

, ', ",

yl//

"!l
':"

'//:"",-

', ", xf!/ ""

'

-'--

fl

= xf// -

x" l '

s, ,


( ),\!

a.P~-&!10c.:

--

) .

. .
1)

10[': ( )

= loga

ffi

+ Zogb

log + log .

q--

2) log

v c )=log (q.--)
Vab -lgr=lgV+Zg-Zg
\

qr-

loga
= q

+ log ..--

r log .

86

Zog

('52
5~ 264

6 ,52
= log5 ZOgl/ 264 = log 6 - log 5

-- -~

= log' (2'3) - Zog 5

4) ZOg(2)V 8 /8

V8V~ =
=

5} Zog(a 2 -

2)

~~ l (2) 8 =
6 ""

6) log (~) = 10gJ - log = - !og .

4log 13).

45
6'

)]

~log(2'13)

+ ~ log(2) 8 + ~ !Og(2}8+TkZOg(2) 8

= Zog[(a + )( -

+ 1g ~264,

}Zog(3'5)-

+ 5!og3 -log5 -

; log(2) 8

( 152

(log 15? - log 264)

=lg~+Zg3-lg5+

= .~ (--log2

= log(a -',

-;- log(a -

).

: .1t

2.
.

38.

, ,

(. .

37.),

1) 2)
1)

(. .

2)

41

37.).

, II

87
.

, , 1

sst

(Logarithmensystem,

de lgiths),

!v1 , i\lO

m m

(Lgithmt!,

tables de

10gitl1s).
, .

]I,

,
,

37.

1) . 2)
t

),

,.

,
!"vI

[{

;:

. .

1)

34.

2)

1)

35.

. (

<1
<

1)

3I,0

, !

2,718281828459 .. "

1.3)

< 1,

!,\

-;-.

(. .

<: ,

37 ; 34.,
> 1). - ;

) , , .1, ;liI, q :1 i!.

88

+
__
+
~

1_ i
1-2"3:

1-2

__
1 _
1-2-3-4

I
1
- I
- 1-2-3' - - -

u-,1) u
2) ue )

(Neper'sche,

tiirliche, hyperbolische Logarifhmen, logaritmes ~is.

u-

log !

(I{

naturales), ln , 19

[.

, 9 ,

-,4)

10.

(Brigg'sche, gemeine,
dekadisclle Logarithmen, logarithmes vulgaires). -

1) Lord Neper (
Napier, Lord of Merchiston, Merchiston 1550 - Merchiston 1617),

1614.

. :

Mirifici Iogarithmorum canonis descripti ,

allctore et inventore Nepero,
Edinburgi . 1614_
2)

Ha~\ee

m.

Nikolaus t (
Paris 1687) James Gregory (Aberdeen

Holstein 16 .. 1638 -- EdinbttrglJ 1675) 1668_

<) l(,~ lIta;, Briggs (Warley Wood 1556

- Oxford 1630), 1617_ LogarithmOfltm ClJilias prima 8

89
-
(

vLllgares)

log vlllg

!og .

Jll. , HeIIep-
- , t ,

]oost

Kassel 1632)
Arithmetische l1nd Gcomctrisclze Progrcss Tabulen, Prag 1620
1,0001.
Biirgi

39.

Byrg, Lichtensteig 1552 -

. , , , t
,

. ,

, . .

!og(a)

:?

!Og(b) ,

log = z log
loga
z=x~-~
logb

1000.

1624.

HaCIIOBOM Arithmetica Iogarithmica,

1 20000 90000 1000 14
. , U2 ,
R, Bpel\le lIl, Adriaen Vlack
1 20000 90000 10 ,
,

Goudae 1628,
10 , , l
.

Arithmetlca logarithmica,

1
l,ao

100 000

90

!og ([

1,

z -- . 1
"

()

og'

l'() = !og(a) 11 . 1_~_.

s
.
!og(a)

44)

- ,

JI

- .

~a)
'

og

- ,

(ModulllS,

dul)

- - .

LI

44)

;:;, (-) (u
) h

1
1.

I log
45)

<

'[

l =

loo-y .
6

loge

1
11 0= log --- 0,434 294 481 903 ...

- .

91

"

- .

40. .

I{

34.)

(. .

1.

1,

il

-------1
: --.:;
-~ 1

1 000 ---- 104

1 000

0,01-~
1 --

10- 3

0,0001

'10-4

10
1
,1

103
102
101
100
10-1
10 2

100

-~

1
2

0= 10-

-=

10

1)

1,

.l)

~ l(, ~oje

(.~fi

92
.

'-l

q:

'!? =-.
q

1 q

1 =

'-l ,
.
...-'.

5,

2 5

'

" .

20: . 5~ ,

. ~ . ]'-l

u.q

~q, u.

..

~, ~

( .

~,OHa

20: . 50: = 1"'), log = = q

. 3 '-:l

10

).

rJpasa

()

r.: fl R I>l '

. :\!

aF. l/ .. lJ 6
uII , h I<, . .
,

'"
l' 2

. .

93
, ,
1, :
,

(Charakteristik, Kennziffer,caracteristique)

(Mantisse)

},:

41.

> 1.

Jl

l{

. ,

k .

> > 10
k > logy > k
k

10

1,

. .

2,

548,73.

RI.

6384,96
47,324
762
3,4
495127
.

3
1
2

l'

102

103.
, , 2
3 (. . 40.). l{I{
548,73

. .

548

94
3.

:> 1.

l{

- 3
.

lvl

42.

. . .

Jl

<: 1,

,
,

( )
,

lz

. . .

- 2,8356904
,

(3 - 2,835 6904)
,

0,1643096

3.

1, ,lI4 U]11 (dekadische

Ergtinzung, complement arithmetique) .
43.

t3

< 1.

yt

1 ,
42.),

(. .

95
l{ ,

1,

, .

1.

-10;<+ ,

-+- 1

y;Viy

( i'r

log

;+

I
I

1),

. +
-

+ 1),

. . } ,

, ] .

2.
k-

. ,

.
. 10k-'+-p

96


.

41.

-+ 1

log
()

(k

1)

+ ,

..

log l+

log

41)

37.

log 10,

log 10k + p

(k

+
( + 1)

(k )

1)

q. . d.

. .

10-2> 0,0035 > 10-3)- __

3 (. . 40.)

2> log' 0,0035 >

3aI<

0,0035

log 0,0035 =

3.

35
log 1 000 = log 35 -log 1 000

=1

3.

II{APAKT. .

0,000025
0,0004
0,00713
0,038
0,41

.-5
-4
-3
-2
-1

97
,

'

U..

, . .

= 0,544 0680

log 0,0035

3,5440680.

. ,
,

1.

, i

] ]

. . .

2,

(. . ,

=0,6173093
44.

. .

0,0 ...).
4,3826907

4,382 6907 =

5.

,
.

, . .

10

log (10

k -}- log

h
,

log10 k =logy

k,
7.

98

10

, '-

: "
..

10.

, t,

, ,

()

. .

0,0235, ...

2350, 235, 23,5, 2,35, 0,235,

0,371 0679.

-
t ..

RaA

(. .

RR

41.),

R,

. .

15,482

1,

15482.

log 15,482 = log

1~6~2 =

log15482 - 3

="(4+)-3=1

15482.

.
,

RaA

99
,
{ ,

. ,
. (. .

. , ..

43.) .

0,0584:t

584.

2.

584
log 0,0584 = log -104 = log 584 - 4
~=(2+m)-4

m-2,

ie
.

584.

45.

l1

~.

, -
-

. .

, .

10

1
,

( ), i)

. ,

{)
:.

, , , ,
1< ' ,

7*

100

. I ()

, .

.-

..

4.
.

46.

<t

, , , ,..
!). ({

'

,
,

({ t : ,
. -

. -

,I

_.

, :8 (dri

Vlack).

,.

.
t ...

({

,
.

, ~,.
,

. 2)
.. 1)

. u,'

20000

90000,.

100000

(.

88. 89.). .
Mafhematisches- W6rterbuch, Dritfer , pag. 547.

J(lgel,

Georg Simon . .

2) ' h\ HaljeMo
: r 3 ,
(. .

41

37.),

il (. &.
.44;).

101
<
"

, . . '

100000,

, .!)

I<,
.

".

(. .

40

37.).
. .

log 42
.log 24

log (2 . 3 . 7)
log (23 . 3)

+ log 3 -1-- log 7

3 log 2 + log 3
log 2

10
.log 5 = log 2 = 1 -log 2.
47.

- .

' .

log 3.

log 3

. .

3
43
, . log513= logl3=log43-10g8
""
3
log 513 = log 5,375 = log 5375 - 3.
1)

. .

>

89.)

90000

( , '

ol;laj

n- . .

6500
?Jltlh. Dritter Theil, pag. 551.

;88.

20000

. li1gel, .

.4

S. Mathematisches

102
(

log3)

ij , . _

< < 1. .

'

=+l =}.
2

2"

102
,

{10

3,162.2775, .

, i.

3_

100

< 3 < 102

. 1

<< 2

'

- t

0+ 1
2
---::20:--- =

4.

104

{'-:-=-10

tf {10

{,162 2775 = 1,7782795,

, , . 3..

!

104

< 3 < 102

103

4 << 2

, ,

+
1
423
1

8'

X=-~2-=

ii
3

{10 .

10!!

V10 {fO

{l ,7782795 =

4 ~

{10

{10 =

1,7782795

1,7782795 1,333 5215

= 2,371 3732.

--

-1

108<3<102,

3
1
8 << 2
t

3+1
8
2
7
=
2
=16'

{l, 5215
=. 2,7384196.

2,371 3732 1,1541175

104
h ,

10
!{

log 3

1016

3.
_7..

.7
16

t:

1
3 < 102
-

7
1
16 << 2

1
2

15

15
32

1032

2,9427272

311064

3,0505280

1
1032<3< 102
_

15
..

15

1
32<< 2

l5 -.L 1
32 I 2
2

31
64

15
31
-1032 < 3 < 1064
15

31

32<<64
15 +~l

32

64 --

61

10 128

128

..-

2,996 1428

6131
1 128 < 3 < 1064
-

31

128 <<64

61
128

+
2

31
54

123
256

.-

-123-

10200

3,0232126

105
1

.J~

10128

< < 10256

____

128

12

< X~ 256

245

10-512 =
61

10128
61
128
61
; 128
.=

<<

.-

101024 =
489

<3 < 101024

<

489
< 1024

""'-

61 I 489.
128 1024
977
_.
2
= 2048
977

102048
977
2048
,.

8876

245
512
489

1.

128

,002

< < 10512

10128

6472

245

245
512
489
2 .= 1024
61

,009

977
2048

977

102048

< < 101024

48!!..

<<

489
1024 ~~ 1955
2
4096

2,999512

489
1024
1955

104096 =

,I

2000

106
977

1955

< 3 < 104096

102048
,

977
2048

977
2048

<<

1955
4096

+ 1955

4096 = 3909
2
8192

3909

'108192 = 3,000 3566

977
102048

< 3 < 108192

977'
2048

3909
8192

3909

<<

977 1 3909
2048 8192
7817
=
2
= 16384

7817
1016384 = 2,999 94S

7817
1016384

< 3 < 108192

7817
16384

3909
8192

3909

<<

7817 13909
16384 8192 = 15635
=
2
32768
7817
1016384
3

15635

1032768

3,000

145~

15635

< < 1032768

781715635
16384
32768

< <

'=

7817
16384

+
2

15635
32768

31269'
=65536

31269
106.5536

3,000039&

7817 .

31269

< 3 < 1065536

7817 /
31269
16384 ~,x < 6553
10

13

7817 . 31269
16384 65536
62537
=
2
=131072

62537

< 3 < 1065536

62537 /
131072 <'----

=-=

+ 553

< 6553

< 3 < 10262144

125075

62537
131072
125075
262144

10262144 = 3,000 01 Z:
_ _ _

10131072

125075

125075
= -262144

62537

31269

. 31269

.2

62537
131072

10131072 = 2,999 91791

31269

10131072

62537
131072

62537

<<

125075
262144
250149

250149
=524288

10524288 = 3,000 0007.

250149
log 3 = 524288 =- 0,477 121.
.

108
.

48.

Jl1)-.

( )

. .

10,

(. .

1
7348
7,348

44.).

10,000
3,16228
1,77828
1,33352
1,15478

1,000
0,500
0,250
0,125
0,06250

1,00225
0,00098
1,001 12
0,00049
1,00056
0,00024
1,00028 0,000 12
1,000 14 10,00006

1,07461
1,03663
1,01815
1,00904
1,00451

0,031 25
0,01562
0,00781
0,00391
0,001 95

1,00007
] ,00004
1,00002
1,00001

,I

0,00003
0,00002
0,00001
0,000

"1{ _1

10~

10,

. .

V~/I0, 10~,

102

V),

~fJ/I=;{;:=::l~O . . i

IZ]

],

i ., {

.
.

. .
t
"

1)

'

log 78495

Roger Long.(Norfolk .1680 -

1714.

"

Pembroke 1770)

109

7,8495

h . h

7,8495

f\ 3 R:

, , R:

7,8495
R:R: 3 162 28

],778 28,

3,16228.

2,482 22 h

R: ,

. R:R: h
,,
,

3 'h:

7,8495
3,16228

2,48222

2,48222
1,77828

1,39585

1,39585
1,33352

1,04674

1,04674
1,03663

1,00976

1,00976
1,00904

1.00071

1,00071
1,00056

1,000 16

1,000 16
1,000 14

1,00002

1,00002
1,00002

1,000 ..

7,8495

(110
.

3,16228 1,77828 1,333 52

'7,8495

1,00904 1,00056 1,00014 1,00002,

1,63

' -

-,

log7,8495

+ 0,25000 + 0,12500 + 0,01562

+ 0,00391 + 0,00024 + 0,00006 + 0,00001
0,50000

= 0,89484
..

log 78495 -- 4,894 84.

.1og

4,89484.

9:

9.

0,89484

, ,
,
.

0,894 84

0,500

0,250

0,500 .

0,39484
.

0,14484

9
,

,' .

.t:

0,89484
0,39484
0,14484
0,01984
0,00422

0,500
0,250
0,12500
0,01562.
0,00391
,

0,39484
0,14484
0,01984
0,00422
0,00031-

11 1

0,000 31 - 0,000 24 = 0,000 07

0,00007
0,00006
0,00001
0,00001
0,00001
0,000 .

lQg

3
= 3

+ 0,894 84

+ 0,500 + 0,250 + 0,125 + 0,015 62

+ 0,00391 + 0,000 24 + 0,000 06 + 0,000 01

11
,
If', , ,

10000 3,16228 1,77828 1,33352

1,03663 1,00904 1,00056
1,000 14 1,00002
-- 1 000 7,8495
78495.

II
.
.

1.
.

49.

Jl .

r,

(. .

37.),

: ,
,

, I

112

) ' -
, ,.

t:

37.)

,-

'

. .

,---

6
5

,

.__,

6
Zog -5

~(

Zog2+510g3

1
-- 3 [5Z0g3
(.

3.

'-I.

1)

37.)

log5

410g13)'

(Zog2+log 5+41og 13)] 1)

-

log 2

0,301 0300

Zog 5

0,698 9700

4log 13

4,4557736,

log 2 : log 5+ 4log 13

5,455 7736

log2 -1- log 5 = log (25) = 1

lOg(~ ~('--'-~~=--:)-,---~

[510g3-(1 -1- 4log 13)].

,

~lO -

113
,

0,477 1213,

log3

5log 3 = 2,38506065,,'

.5 Zog 3 - (log 2
.

log 5

+ 4log 13)

=' -

3,070 1671

6
log
5

= - 3,070 1671 :3 === -,1,0233890,

=0,97661102.

t
3 ---

152
264 =

6
-5

log (0,976 611 , '2) = 0,094 757.

' , 3-

'

,
. 1) , . . ,
u

= + d{en

1)

n , i;. .,:',

5.

37.

. .

V 42,952 2

"
'0

13,672

+ 2 +

"

V(42,95+ 13,67)( 42,95-13,67) =

(a+b)2-

'"

.,.'

~r!{: . ' .,6'....;::."

1;r

v56,62'29,28
,

114
.

.. I

d( e~;, f ', ,
I

!\,

, , ',.
:

+.

. .

(-35,847)4 ... 35,8474... (-35,847)4 =

634,53
- 634,53 .. 634,53
- 57,692
57,692
57,692

+ 35,8474
+ 634,53

-f- 57,692

..

,
,

(minus) .

,-:

!v1,

1,

. .

. .

3+/-----278,53 . ,

3~_~_

V2786,53 . ,

i ,

' ,-c---'-'~--

',

t.

{" 2786,53,::;=, -:-{2786,53.'

,.

. log:(- 2786,5-3 =, ~'log 2786,53 ( , )

'

~-

'" '
= 3 log 2786,5.3 ().

nOMot.y

'

"

',

' ,,

'

1'

'

i(-,

) ,

, ' ,
. '.
,

.1

1., . . {~~5-74-,-83~2-,

V574,832 -

,
,

, Q. {', ,1, . jep.j~

_

574,832

_,)

1. .' \

1 . {-57-4-,8-3-2.

50.

, ,

t d' :::l}'

,
,

i3 ,

' .

. , ,. He.~,~
'" ,.i1 .. ,.,
, ii .
, , .
lvlO.
,.', .
., .

) .
,

Zog ( .. k)

log

' '
.

+ log'b 4- log + ... -t-log'k.

8*

'

. .

' , ,

. ,

l:l

. ,

} , , i.OyCTBY,

1).

log = 2,854 6317, log = . 0,693. 2765

log () = 2,8546317
0,6932765 - 4

2)
I

3;547 9082 - 4

log = 1,5268541,
log () = 1,5268541

ZOJ(

0,547 9082 -

4.

= 0,764'5018 -

+ 0,7645018 -

2
= 2,291 3559- 2 = 0,291 3559.

) .

log = log

l()g .

log

>

1.

::> log ,

{{
' } -',

1) : Zog = ,379 5432, Zog = 0,582 .3714

log

7; =

1,379 5432 ~ (0,582 ~ 4 - 3) "

,

'

3.

117

=
2)

1,3795432 - 0,582 3714

log

+3 =

3,797 1718.

0,2417536 - 2,log
, ,

= 0,685
2793 .
-

_.

lg :

= 0,241 7536 -

2 - (0,6852793-' )

= 0,2411536 -

2 - 0,685 2793

+=

0,5564743.'

loga

l ~

< 1.. ,

< logb,

'

~ h ()

h
,

I\ .

,
.

loga

2,621459,

log'b = 3,9754261.
. .

%=

2,623 1459 -

3,9754261

= 4,623 1459 - 3,9754261 - 2 = 0,647 7198 - 2 ..

_,

,-

. , , '-

' ' .
, ~'t '
: :f'

.
'(i"-

. fi 8,
. 10 i " 8) ..

"

-Jf8

__

~._=

log

slfl'9
-

= 3,7402983, log - 4;531 8617

IIhl\ u

-_- . '

log sin ? = 3,7402983 - . 4,53 1 ~ 17

.

'.'
-'

. .

'..

=3,7402983+(10-4,5318617)- 10
=

3,740 2983 + 5,468 1383 -1 = 9;208 4366 -'- -10.

) ll .

;1:I<] "

-, ! .

l1

r-

-'

. >log . - -

log

",'

--

' h .

. - , <, , -
~

"

.,'

,"

'

() , _ ,

.
. .

0,031923
-_

,---

log 0,03 1923 = . log 0,03 192 = 3 . (0,5040629 - 2)

--1,5121887'-::'" = 0,5121887 -'- 5. ---,
,

'

,
,

'.

."

- -

'

.::' ,
-',-;,

. ,.

q,

,' , -

- ,-: -," ':- i - -'

- ( ': '-'

119

),

'

,
,
.
,

. .

0,07525,308

hNiO

lqg,07525 ,08 - 5308 logO;0752

= 5,308 . (0,8762178 - 2) = 5.308 . (- 1,1237822)

=-

5,9650359 = 0,0349641 - 6 ..
.

lj :

lfg 0,07525,308 = 5,308' log0,0752 = 5,308 . (0,8762178 -2)

= 4,6509641 - 10,616
= 4,650 9641 - 4,6 I 6 - 6 = 0;034 9641 -:- 6..

Tpe~.

I1 .
.
.

(::t
,
.

JilR ,

. il.
,

5,358,
'.

,
"

"

'

5,9650359.

. ' . '

1,1237822
5,9650359176, '.
.

. , R ; -

r, , )l< '.

'

'

,_

'

, '

, t -

taMa

. . .

730,45698
,
.'

120
h.

log7,30.4;YS98 = 0,45698' log7,3 =0,45698 . 0,8633229 .

li , ,~1!
,

'

'

.' "

h
lg(lg7, ,4598)

= log(0,45698 . 0,8633229)

= log0,45698

+ ZogO,863 3229

= 0,6598972 - I

0,596.0704 - 1,

(g(lg7, . 4598)

+ 0,936 17:?2 ~ !

-.

",

lg7,3 0 .4598

= 0,3945213

l11 lg7, 4598 =

..
~

7,30,45698 =

2,4804.

() ,

. ,

(log ), .. . ,
' . :,' . . ( log ),
(log ) .
, , t '

t . (

log }

(. .

42.).

l{,

dg

, . .

.
"

..

. .
1)

fi

25,864'-3

, , ~,

, .

) 21
lg25,84- = -

. [25,864 =

4,2380871

= -

3 1,4126957

0,7619129- 5,

25,864-

'

= ' (0,71

9129 - 5) = 0,000057798 .

0,71248-5~?

2)
h

[oeO,71248- 5 =

- 5

5 0,1412273 = 0,7361365,

.=

0,71248 -

d)

(0,8527727 -1)

5 .( 1 . 0,8527727)

)!;#I

{,71248 = - 5

165 = 5,44674.

l 0,7 6

5 =

.
,

.r1og a
!ogv,a=- 'q

.,

'

''''-'

.
.:1 .. ' '

"- .. .,:

\ 1< .
:. : , .
:'

. .

,Q

3R.
,

. >
-

"

-:

-o--~"",

..

/0 "8'>9
I
...
-i,

. ,. ,"':&

'

' "

F22
,

- .,'

Q _ s,

(. ,
),

s"

'. ~

. .
. ,. 2,763
1" -

~--~--~-~

0,00983 .

t.. :
.

2,3 ' .

.'

log {0,983 =
"

'Zog (',00983

2,76:~ =

0,7229267= 0,2770733

,- . = -

0,9925535 2.763

- 2007
4465
,
'. 2763
,

_.

--~

1,

2,763

{,0~098 = Jlum log (0,277 0733 .

.., .'

1) = ,! 892663 .

.,,<(.
, ' .

"

"

"). ,, .,
,.
,. . . :ji
- ' ,
. .
,

"

'

: .. ~ r-y )1. t , . . ' , .,

..

' ,
I !p~,Mepa .
-.

"

,~

123
. ~~ t

~, , , , " , ,,
, , "!{Q

".

9, , fl, .p~TaMa 3, , , ,.
. .
8,60745

r/-:C
42=80-5"'-::;,::g
M~ h\

lo;'{~2g5,69 = IOf:;:li~
= ~~~~~~8
,
,
1-1 ri 6

pUTMOBa~eMO
",

'

'

l~llo;{4285,69J~ IOg3~~~~~508
=

log 3,6320208,-- log 8,60745

,

= 0,560 1483 -.:.. 0,9348745 = 0,6252738 - 1

' r
8,607;.:c45~,~

!og v' 4285,69 = log (0,625' 2il 38 -.. 1) = 0,421 9624

'.'

"

..

8,60745

{4285,69 = log 0,421 9624 = 2,642 18,

,

.
~

-,

" ;

."
, .(.,
,.
"
".0

1'

"".

''';'._

,,_,""":.'

,,'

'_"","'_;'

"

_",

,'

, ).
I>;'' (log'a)' ," , , '-,
l

3Jl

{q),

-}(

,loga
,

. '.. ,. '" , ",' ' ,,' :'; ',',' , .'. " ~ ,;," ,
1, "q ," r~..t(}PYH~ ()Jl~~~.9g.~, "

~r-. ..~,',<,~~,):~

24

.' t ,

'.

. ({

I< , .
'

" R\I, , . ,

.
-6

~r'-:-1O=9=-;;,8;;:

1)
.

= ?

[ 7 I093,'8 = lg~,86 = ,0~:l7

=

0,505 4936 = 0,493 5064 ~ 1

-6

1'; I9"",8;;-;:;6 = n [ (0,4935064 -)= 0,311 5341.

2)

_12237348= 0,3059337 ,,'

4
-- 4

'r --=::;-;.-=

..'

[ 0,305 9337 =

I 0,05974 =

. '.

2,02271.

i. . .:: . .
' . '
_,

,-'

'

. " . .

.' 51., ~11].Wl.

.
. ,.

JlQr , : -.
-

, - ,
I

'

..

'

El !) ,' j~aH

-~,

, _ ,

,,-

, ......

. ' .

]25

~I< . ,ii,
' .10.1) -
.

(Tafel-'-

1 gari>hmen).

10,

1< .2)

1< ":

M~l<a, ; .

l< ( ,
'. .
, ), I<OA ,

?. . . .

I

7~

.t

4; 5,

M~CTa

1900; 5
TiIce
1 1 000, 7
I
M~CTa 1 100000, . .
.

t
~ .

5,

'

'

l .

' .

')

. .

45.

2)

. .

40.

126

6d..iJ;l.:mCF. t
'

'

"

'

..
"rt6.

,II

ll

I,'

,Ii!,

~(,

, I,

'

' :, 'ri ,

Ii .

!1 u- .n- 1 )
u

.,

1617.
' . 1624.
. 2 )

ll~I l(Q

.'

Gunter-a (Herefordshire 1581 ...:.... London 162.6),

Edmund

1620. . triangulorum, , ,

n-

'

7 . Gunter ,

, .

1000,

de Sectore et Radio.

.- 'paOB~a

'1Iii , .)
', ,

Benjamin Ursinus

Behr

1587 -

'

1633' 134), Magnus

.n Tria,ngulorumLogarithmicus" l 1624,
.
10 ) 10 !
,

,'.

,,~~',"

,-'

----'--

1) . 1 . 88. un6 . 89.

. ~

88.

) .

88.

2)

'

 ilJlla ,

l:l

10'00'0'0' 000'. Trigonometria

magno Logarithmorum , Colol1iae 1625

s / -

]ahannes Kepler(Magstatt 1571 - Regensburg 1630')

Chilias, Logarithmorum ad totidem numeros rotundos, praemissa
denlOnstratione legitima ortus logarithmorum eorumque ,
Marpurgi 1624 / .
Supplerpentum ChiIiadisLogarithmorum
tinens praecepta de eorum , Marpurgi 1625.
, ,

_'

'1

/,
.

Abraham Slzatp (Little'-Horton ' df1d~'1651'-'-- Littl

Horton 1742), Geometry Improved, London 1717
sl:l 110'0'
999981 1 0'0'0' 0'15 .
-

,-

- ' "

,-,

.'

<

_.,

-.

','~'-'I'

,-,

]ames Dadsan (? - / 1757) . 1742. Antilogarithmic , I<OMe ' ~

,
.

, , .

3.3"

S!(Q

1,

'

10'0' 0'00

11

/ i''s .

lValfram,

48

u, '

lI\eCTa.

'

3 ,
,

I<OA

10'''n

'.
,

, .

..l.

I(

Gsd-Zi

F:is-i-Rih

de ll (Chamelet 1755 Asnieres ' '1839) . '\.t

,
,
- ,
.' - , .
. . , 7
~

80' )\I.Q,
(1797.). ,
, iI , ~ 120'0' ,
8

~\

-"

60'

, , ,

. ,

11 17'' ,

. ' -

25' / ;

1
10' 0''"'0' ' '0' -

1
100 000 -1

'

l'
100 000 -

..
'
,

II

"14

RBapaHTa

14

()(}

1 ;

; r:
;

1 ' 100000 19
10000 200000 14

.\\.

52.

h
- 1),
,7

.,

, ,

,1) Vega,

. ., Logarithmlsch-trigmtrishsduh.

}29.
~BaI{Y
.

.,.

560.

(; ,

()

() .

1.

1'

}rlef

BpeMe~

2.

1"1-\,-" .. 0

3'.
4.

. .

'.v'

t.

3 :

6.
185. 10000' 100'000,
' (. . . 2.
5.)
i 1 1000, , MeiJy

! ,1) .

) (.

2.

5.)

I .

I,

( )

1) . .
. 3.)

S
,

( .

3760

61.)

37600.
'

376,

130

N (Cl!palieHO Numerus) , (
Log ( Logarithmus).
N , Log h
h

. I<: (
) ,
ij

.
,

, 250 ,

2 ..
3.
4.

1
250
250. 500
500
750
750 1000

5.

."..

"
"
"

"
"

"
"
"

, ,

l!

(.

10, 100,' . .

),

log 47,2,

6739420

472.

log47,2

6.

3.)

1,6739420.

log 1,68
0,225 3093
log 0,965 --- 0,9845273 - 1
log 0,00802
0,904 1744
3
log 6940
3,841 3595
) (.

( .

185.)

168 .
965
802
694

'

131
.

<~,

:
,, ,.

10000 o~100000,\
1 10.000,.

' -

~
. .
,

H~ . ( h),
N,' (. ..

f. .; ) .
~ CTpa1lH .

T~Ha, , ie
;RW , . ,
., ,
!

' .

."

', .i .. . -

j~HaKO ~1iliX . ,

i~

..i

.1, 2,3"

. . . 9,

. : , ( ) , 1,' 2, 3,
-4) 5, , 7, 8 9,
~

, .

()

N,

l1 ( ), (
~C) . 3
'C~He
,
,

c~

20

230

~ ;
~

h h
~

. .

l . , . h,
;~ h, .

,.

9*

132

, . . (>-.
),

partes. proportionales
,

, . .

42 853

cBera,

, (

N/

4285 .
' ( . 71.) tt
( . 4285)' '
3 42853.
9812,
631,
198l2;
~

log 42853

4,631 9812.

55.)

N.

log 34837. (

Ha~e~o

3483

I1
\.

1i)

0407,

(:

0407),

542

541)
log 34 837

, ,

4,542 0407.

log 82,937' =
log 0,067842 =
log 7860500
log 2,976

1;9187483
0,831 4986 - 2
6,895 4502
0,4736329

542 0407,.
.

82937
67842
78605.
39760.

133
) l'll~

' . " Qlilil'll

t . , :, :.
.

: ,'-

()f j~Ha ~pyoj,

.
I

(. .

44.).

3'

. ,

'.

~{ . .

), :

Ji.

; '.'

508,6379 (
50863,79,
.

6)

'

~, , ()

, . . '' ,

~, .. -

< 50863,79 < 50864,

log 50863 < log 50863,79 < tog50864
4,7064020 <'log50863,79 < 4,706 4105,
50863

j~p log 50863

4;70'64020, iog50864
4,7064105
,(~. . 87.).
I
, . ,
'<1 , .,
-1,

,. l(. .
,

.
-

~ae) R

) , i<Ji
J'it ..
.

4
,

.':

.' : .

' . -'

' ,

'

>

>

'

.--

, , , ",

A6)log

,'

log : log

log --

1)

'46 )

log = log'

."

+ ~-

~(log -log ).

50863,79,

:=

50864,

50863.

0,79,

- 1.

( ).

87.)

loga

4,7064105

logb

4,7064020,

logb

0,0000085

.loga

. .
.

, ' 46 ,

log

log 50863,79 4,7064020

0,79 , 0085.
= 4,706 4020+ 0,000 0067
= 4,706 4087.
1)

2.

Rpajy

"

135
,

0,0000085 : log

46,

log

log = 1 : 0,79.

log

()
.

85:

1:0,79,

. .)

,
,

- .

( .

87.)

,
, '
,

85

( . .)

85.

85

, ~ i::l

1)

,
. ,
,

85

13
.

=595
=7"
.85
, .
10 ' -

0,7

85
=765
, =9 100

" 0,09

, , ~

50863

+ 0,09 =' 6,79

-+ 7,656'1,1'5

0,7
59,5

,.

ROJY

50863,79.

1.

. '
f> ,

~~ ::

~,

Q1-

, Halje~o ~g~ QI.-

t., ~a OY9~~~O

. . . -

R' lj

50864

50863,79

0,2

log

log

0,0000085 .. '
0

85 :

.~

1 : 0,21, .

17,85

Rr;..

-- 18

= .

(R
0,0000018), Roje R log =

136
, '1

0,7

85

=59,5

7Xio'-

85

=7,65 -~'9Xl00

" 0,09

+ 0,{)9 =' 0,79

+ 7,656'7,15

, ,

0,7
) 59,5

fI

! "

'1

50863

Ji

50863,79.
1.

HaUOJYleHa. '
l.\ , ,
'~~li :l:, 'Q,

Qf

, ~~ ( J,II1l~ ~ Q t, ()YpM~MO

. . .
' ' ~

50864 - 50863,79 = 0,21.

Zog

Zog

0,000 0085. ,

n-

85:

1:0,21,

17,85

1.

18

(
0,0000018), Zoga

= .
=

1'37
,

4;706 4105,
4,7(i}64087.

2.

I;6

log

1 -)2

, I<

+d

1 -

-;2 --!- :

(u.

[-

la
-

. -1 4

- 4 ;

+ - . ..

(~

log

-2

-}2

.logb
-

+'

- ._~ .
1

-4

4 .

+-"',"(

- (~. . 9.).
.d <. I<

< .

u.,

-;. R
, I<
(. . )
I<I< .
<;:
,

!-

c~e

.
. I

1 =
1og og

-,

--:-'

, . ., -
,

log '

"')

log

= - ,

, ,
46) .....
. i.
.
..
..

.~

'

'

loga-logb:logc'

logb

' ,

46

46)

,
.

:,
,

R,

t.

'

46 ,

lJ

46,

'.
,
,
,

10001,
1 000

10000,

R < 0,5
.

.!9 001

< 0,5

100002 05
1
1 000
=
1 000 000>

R < 0,000 000 003 ..

log 70,79428 = ?

1)
h

log 70794,28,

ij

log 70795

log 70794.
( .

127.)

log 70795 = 4,850 0026

log 70794 = 4,849 9965
log 70795 - log 70794 = 0,0000061,
.<

61

..

. ,

,. .

3-

61

: =

1 : 0,28,

= 61 28 =17,08
100

= 17 ...

log 70794,28 = 4,8499965

+ 0,0000017 =

4,849 9982

log 70,79428 = 1,849 9982.

, ,

(. .)
,

61

"

" 8

= 12,2
= 4,88,

0,28

= 17,08

Zog 937,05136

2)

( . I7:) lf

Zog 93706 = 4,971 7674

Zog 93705
= 4,971 7628
,
40g 93706 - Zog 93705

. ...

49'

'

.r .
I

'

46 :

I
-

1:0,136,

= 4 136 = 6286
1000',

'!

;~ (. .n .

t.lOll'

46.
,

' :

"

"

fJP ,:

' 4,6

0,1

138
,

0,03

--

0,006

= 0,276

0,136

= 6,256.

log 937,05136 = 2,971 7628

+ 0,000 '0006 =

2,971 7634.

log 38742028 = ?

3)

( .

63.)

log 38743 = 4,588 1932

log 38742 = 4,5~~ 1820
Zog 38743

Zog 38742 = ... '

112 :

112

= 1 : 0,028,

28

= ' I'n

1000.'-

112.

14
..
,

lI

(. .)

. :

112,

r \;l, . Jlr.~

0,02
0,008

2,24
0,896

0,028

3,13.

log38742028 = 1,588 1820+ 0,000 0003

7,588 1823 .

q~tb ~.

53.

, ' '
.

() r Q
. , ,

If :r

, }

.3i;i, ,

. , , Q

I .
.

. t

,.

(t

),

, ,

( - 185-)

),

~
.

"142 .

,,
; ; :

"'{) , ,

, h .

. .

log

1,828 9068

". .

0-

' .
)I

1,

' .

2,

, . h

! :ll
.(

120.)
9068

s2i

9068

9047

9111.

Jf rrlf afj

828.

6743 ,
9047 9111,
828,

()
,

9 ,

L:

9047

9111.

"

"

67438
67439

"

"

= 0,828 9047

0;828 9111.

.

{og

Uf

log 1,8289047 -- 67,438,

lg7,438

--1,8289047

umlgl,8289111

'67,439, " " 10g67,439

1,8289111 .

143
.

ij

? .

67,438 <

< 67,439.

, ,

.
.

-- 67,438.
log

0,8289068

-, h ,

. :

= 0,067438

0,067.

. . .

.
. h

(. .

46

46 .

52.),

~
:
:

log

1,828 9068.

(.

120.)

< log < 1,8289111,

67,438 < < 67,439.

1,8289047

67,438

46,, I:I ,

44

= --L logc logb (- ).

loga -log
,

loga
logb

log:c

1,8289111

1',828'9047

' =67,438;

= 67,439

1,8289068-1 8289047
67,438+ 1,82891 , ' 1'8289047(67,439
,61,438)
,

= 67,438

21

+ 6 0,001= 67!,438 + 0,000328

. ,

= 67,438 328 . .

0,000328,

'

:.

' ,

( )

t' -

i) '

log

64

log

; Mopa~

, , .

log

46,

,l:

logb'

21

je~

64: 21,

~~ 0,001

21
64

,001

.
']

+ .

Bpe~-

t45

, ,
.

. ;

lll,

, :,

'"

, . .

. ""'
.

67,438
64

1 ( . .
67,439),

. .

ij. ij

log ,

21

ij

(6)

,. . .

. ,

( )

lj

(.)

21. ... ' ....,

=-= ..
64
..
21

. ' k

()

. ' .

log

,
,

,' ,"

...

lll,

i{ .
. . .

t.'l

4,

67438

, ,
'

,.

_.

'

.'

'

(). . lj
.

10

, :;Il)'

I<...

21

( . 1'I\ ).

!\

:nnlMeHa .

?1

' ,;

19,2,

3:Jl

.dtbc:t,

(21

19,2)

18.

12,8,

, , ll~
~lO

18

.. v

12,8 -- 5,2,.

ry .1
, . .8.

52

..

438328,
-- 67,438328.

1.

10,
. .

. .~

. ocafil

2.

. . <
, '!.

. .

log

9,828 9068,

, , ~,
,

147

67438328,
.

,-

' ~,;:r.t;
,

,-,~.,.

.. -.

'

(.,

'H~"'-"-

= I1I1

log 9,828 9068 ~= 6743832800.

lm

1)

log3,902 1925=?

, ,
( .
- ,

902

lj -:

145.)

0,902 1933 (> 0,902 925)

11

0,902 1879

0,902 1925).

= 54,

,!13lj

oQ '11 = 46 ( ,.
-t ).
.

79834,

) , l;I ,:,902 1379,

.

yli (, )

54 :46 =

: ,

46
~ 54 = 0,852.

46

l\lO

43,2

II<)')

. .

, . .

- 43,2 = 2,8,

1,

. .

28,

54

46 -

( . .) (
.)

27,0,

10,8,
2.

5.
28 - 27,0 = 1

.
10*

148
. , . .; .
;
,'

5"~ " ; 3

I... r

=
. ,
"

..

7983,4852.

2)

log 1,4136279 =?
,

( ) h.

hh ( .

413

4136182

37.)

4136350,

"lj . 4136479.
f)

= 168..

f) ' =

.
-

"

97.
25 919 (

".

' 4136 182): -

1 : 97 = 1 ;

. ,

..

97
. = 168 =0,577.
,

, - , -.

'

. '

, .

.',

-' -

' ' . . .
',-',".-:'

"

168._

" . 1 ' - ' , . '

' '

97
(97 - 84) = 130
(130 - 117,6) = 124

. ,

84
11 7,6
I I 7,6

5,
7,
7.

!!?

3)

log 1',4136279 =25,919577.

23.

7,271 0834
,

'?

,.

'.

.-

271.

"

. .,..

, , OfIe' t , ,'

.
.

Mef)y

0834,

, !I. ; ,-

~,,;:

';

'

149
m ;

. ..

~Z71. .

271 0745

2710978,

- ,' ' .
3.lt\
~
.

.i1I
..
..
.

, ,

.,

"

18667.li

-.

'"'

,89.

"~,

233,

.
2710745.
F

3.

233 : 89

=
.

1 : , .

89 .'
233 -:-:- 0,382

, li . . 233 ..

. ~: . .

Kojojoo~ap~,

89
1.0)< (89 - 69,9) -:- 191
'1.QX (191- 186,4) = 46 . '

'

69,9
186,4
46,6

3,
.,8,
2.

, ....

. .

'. ' 18667382.

,

'

.,

= 18667382.
.

. .
. .... '. ..
'.
'

'

-,

.'54
..

;,.

.
. - ' 1u:I<-q

"

-'

"

. l: .'

I< ..1) t
,

.,

__ ,_

.,

'-'_

";.

'

!'

_,

,,'::.:,_

'1) ~ip ( ,
., 6i (. . 14.).
,

Irn

CI{ -

-'

, , t:

'

1)

Ha~e

~k

;
,

2)"

-'

"

-,

'.

1)

;
,

'2)

-.

:
{

; .

. rz Ii :,
, , (ipparch, ' rzir

Nicaa -

-"

),

, ' ., . l1:,
!< (Rhodos) I
ll 161, 126. .,
12
. , \!,.
, 1,

150.

.,

II () , ,,

365.

1 ll

laus)

' .

98.

.,

, ' ' -,

. ll '6 II
, , l1-, .

10, ( )
, . , (l\! -

, )

. (laudius
!<

2.

tlus, '

fi, , 4<"\:

151
) - nU . !
, , ~ .

1t

, , .

13 ,
, :1.0'0''')..7] (J\.)'I'''~';,

!<\!

. 3

III

!'

. ' !,-%"a~o; '! ,

hl. .lt (lgst),

" , '

r . ml

. 360 i( . .
. 120 (.'1

60)

!( ~
l:

60

rts iut im

secundae

lIa~1

partes

mitlt

. \ i
, , , , ,\1:

.
R ,

3
3 , Nl
,

I<ao

-,

-,

1200, 900, 720, 500-

360. <;
!(;

l1

JIYRa

. 3

720 600 ,~l

720 - 600 = 120, u 60, 30,
1030', 45'. 10 e;lt

" ,

10 30' -

-10=30'.
1800
. !< ,

30')

10
:l

;lO

1.

~l .

152

. :1 .
.
.
,

9.

, ,

'l sinus 1.) , He<lHaTHo yli, v

, .

!.

(Georg von , Peurbach

1423.

10

1461.

,10

600000. l1l! .
de Quadrato gti( 1516.),

' ' lj<u

lj

450

1200

= 1200,

. .
ll ll Jl11lll

Uohannes
, Regiomontanus Joannes de
MonteRegio, Johannes Germanus, johannes Francus Kunisperger Konigsberg, Herzogthum Coburg
1436.; 1476.)
: 6000 000,
10000000. .
,

ll (

Schoner
1547.) 1541.

Sch6ne r , KarIstad 1477.

. no

!llll .

,
,

tabulam foecundam.

JllOllfl- R

,
.
l

100000,

.
,

')

. .

9.

153
'

' (

(Nicolaus Copernicus Koppernigk, rn

1473. - Frauenburg' 1543.),
de revolutionius lm,

'1543.,
900 100 000.

10'

].,

1514. - , ]{

(Wittenberg) . 1542. d laterius

angulis triangulorum Jibellus,

1576.),
!

]m, Rus,

(Georg

10000 000.

ROjH :
,

900.

1596. (Valentin Otho, m

fi) ,
,

, 1)
,

(. .

10000000000

,,

Opus Palatinum de TrianguIis.

10".

15

10"

).

.
u,

11,

]{o~,

. 1613

1".

Thesaurus mathematicus

Bartholomiius Pitiscus

1561. -

, ,1613.), " ,
,\

..

,
. <, ,

(Leonhard Euler,

1707. -

,1783.).
3

l\I
fi

' .

, u,

()

1614.2)

' , 10,

----~

Bpe,'de
. (Francesco uli Maurolycus, 1494.-1575.)
,6II , tul beneficam.
2) . 1) . 88.
'l)Y

54

14

15,

10

z .~

Gellibrand

1597. -

Trigonometria Britannica

1637.)

. l33.

/. , ~., z-
,!) 11

\l.

sive magl1US

10

II

lZaHOHOM
. l33. Trigonometria artificialis r
trial1gulorum logarithmicus, etc.

10

10

rithmica

rigtri

artificialis,

Arithrnetica loga-

herr

Vega,

(Georg Frei-

3 1756.

-Nussdorf 1802.)
3 Thesaurus Lgt'ithriru completus<

Lipsiae 1794.
, ,

, , [( ,

(Jean-Charles Borda,

1733. -

1799.)

()l( f!

. , II\lII
, : U

Baptiste-josepI1 Delambre, Amiens 1749. Tables trigonometriques decimales.

1822.) 1I];\
Paris, I (1795.).,

1799.

(h

Philipp Hobert, 1759. - 1826.)

jdeler, Gross-Brese 1766. - 1846.).
,

I!

(Ludwig

fi , .

Sherwin's mthtil tables, the third editioll,

fulJy revised al1d corrected W. Gardiner. London 1742.
Gardiner. Tables of Logarithms, for l1umbres ft'om
1 to 102 100, d for the sis al1d tal1gcnt, to every ten sds
of each degree quadrant, 1 150 for the sis of the
first 72 mil1utes to every single second, with other usefttl d.
necessary tables. Ld. 1742
. , lf- - .
, . 1770. (Avigl1on) ",
1)

4)

88

89.

155

..
l1. Karl Sllz. Sammfung logarithmischer, trigonometrischer, und anderer zum Gebrauch der Mathematik unent behrlichen Tafeln. Berlin, 1778. 2 Bande. 3
,
.

-II u-

fl-

l( .

'

.,

,
.

. , .

fl-

1783."

10

10

. 3 '

ILgitmish-tigmtishs

Handbuch, Leipzig'

1793.,

, -

2
.

1797.

I( ;

. ' &
portatives. deLogarithmes, par F;is CaIlet.. Edition stereotype, Paris, lX (1795.).

; \.

) ,

10

7,

10

( II )
lI

;
'

15

t. 3 t.

VOl'lesungen

iiber Geschichte der Mathematik. Bd. 1 II . . Klgel.

,Mathematisches Wrtuh. Erster Theil. Artikel: Cylclotechnie.
.

55.
.

52.

(. 188.

287.);

'II

850

900.

) . (. .
, ) ,
. ( )

. , ,
,

.
50

.
.

>l< ij

850

900,

, ,

. .

log sin 3027' 52"

/og cos 860 32'8" = 8,7812463
. /og tg 20 19' 36" --/og.cotg 87040' 24" . 8,6088503.
.

, yr./I0IJe,
.

ij .

450,

,
..

r ,

(. .

42.).

~)

' '

"10.

log sin 30 27' 52" --/og cos 86032' 8".= 8,781 2463 _'.10,
-

= -1,2187537
"

log tg 20 19' 3611 =/og cotg 87040' 24

-- -1,391. 1497.
,

1f

'.

. i

=8,60~ 8503 -.10

157
)
,
.

II

ce~

. :
<;l .,.

; ( )
,

-.

, ,.

.
,
, . . r
-

. .

lgsi2 0 48'15,7I"

1)

( .

244.)

.?

log sin 2048' 16"= 8,689 5508

log sin 20 48' 15" = 8,689 5078,

430

. 430.
1"

<r.

, .

430

46),

0,716" '.
0,716 = 307,88 308 .

. ,
. ,

log sin 20 48' .15,7 6" =8,689 5078

+ 0,000 0308 =

8,689 5386~

158

. . log tg 40 31' 28,09" . ?

2)

( .

279.). :

log tg 4031' 29" = 8,898 3734

log tg 4031' 2811 = 8,8983467.

(Zog tg' 4031' 29" - log' tg 40 31' 28").

. = 267, 267 0,09 = 240,3

, , ..

240

( ), .
..
-

log tg 40 31' 28,0911 = 8,898 3467

+ 0,0000240 =

'

8,898 370'1.

log cos89 0 7' 23,146" = ?

.3) .

204.)

log cos .890 7' 23" = 8, 184

8325
.
.
log cos 8907' 24" '. 8,184 6949,

<

;; "

-,

1376

' "

1.37

0,146 = 200,896

201, (' ),

log cos 890 7' 23, 146" = 8,184 832;; - 0,0000201 = 8,184 8124 .

!og cotg 870 01 5,:24" = ?

4)

( .

247.)

!og cotg 870 ' 5" = 8,719 1943

!og cotg 870 ' 6" =8,719 ]540.
.

,
:

403

403,

0,24 = 96,72

97

. KO,ta.ff-:

!og cotg87 0 ' 5,24"= 8,7191943 - 0,0000097 = 8,719 ]846. .

) ,
"" .

.I<oje

I<

I<

I<,

159

h:

Tpa)l(e

~ ,
)'

lVl

I.

' .
,

'

, , I.
, : :

'

. ,

h , .
-,
.
'

.
.

log sin (/. = 8,880 9314,

1)

"

8,8809170

7.

= ?

274.)
8,8809446,

j~ ,

4021' 35"

4021' 36".

276

. !. .

= ! 44

(/.

46)

40 21' 35",

lj

. .

144"
, 276 = 0,522" ,
< ,
:

-:,

IX

40 21 '35" I I

, 522"

= 40 21/
. " 35, 522!'
. .

160

log cos

2)

8,797 6105,

(f.

( .

8,797

258.)

263

8,797 5928

7.

= ?

Zog cos 860 24' 8"

Zog cos 860 24' 9".

"

158

. =

335.,

, . ,

() 35 ..

}{ . ;~~ =

, ~.

0,472

.
7.

= 860 24' 8,472",

. lr1. -'
., ,

()

77

35 = ,528,
,

177,.

335 . lC
.

, . 1I-

rJ.

..- "

= 86024' 9" - 0,528" = 860 24' 8,472".

log tg t7.. = 8,4783985,

( .

223.)

.7., -

JIi'i:

8,4784477 logtg 1043'25"

8,4783776

"

. = 209 .

log tg 1 43' 24".

701,

:. .

<

209" ....:.... ,,,,

208",KOJ<t,
.'
701

7..-

4)

1043'24,298".

logcotgoc=8,5743257,

3 ( .

231.)

=?

161
8,5743512
. 8,5742950
.

"

10gcotg87 0 51'3"
log cotg 87051' 4"
,

. :=m~

= 562. ' : '

!. ()

. {)

. , .

255"
..
!{ 562 = 0,454, ;
;

'" .

, I:

562 = 0,546,

.
r;;

87051' 3 454"

,~,

, :.

'

..
) .. .
(. 290.-559.). ' -'.

56.

'

'

'

",

900.

450)

,-

.-

"

. .

.,
.. .
-

,-

.
. .
. '

(. .

450

900).
,

"

, , ,

,/

,-

",

'

'.

,"

, t ,
, ,
,

'

. ,

900.

' .

.
-

- . .
. '
.
]

. .

,
- ,

"

11

162
, Ci
)
t-<

Sin, Tang, Cotg Cos,

s, Cotg, Tang Sin.
. I< () ,

'"

__

,.-

-.1<".

"_,','

'

"

,\~.",_

".

<;> Ci !!.I;l;f
I;<:.,~~
'.0'
"
.'
,-"._
.-"
,,-"
"~__

,-

:_'

, (. .
~

"',';:,

'-,,'

.",~,~_"

"

.~'

8,.) 9~ it TOM~ .~ , 1I4~~ [ 31;l!a,';Iaja: p~,o ~C;l TP~

'
.

"

'

,'I<l1.,

I<

"

';

'\

, , ' .

,-.'

I<

'

I<ojOM

"

'"

,';,;_-

~~qlI~. , .~ ,
"_

,,'

_, r

--.'''

..

.'

.. ,

_ "

-,-

, ,. ' '
<

<.

, ' : "

<'_'

"

, . . lI -,
d (differentia). '
I< .

' ~, I< ' -

d. c.(differentia communis),

Tang

Co,tg.

.,.

ci , ; , 1)
I<oje ' .
-.

"

,,-

,-",,'

'

?I(
,

!"

" \

,".

--.'-1

"

I<

-, "_

"

~-

~-,,"

-.

',

6' . " "

,. 1~" .' !' h: '' 31
11 .I<
1;. ' '

<:

,_

,_

1)
,

(l

""

-:'-,,'-

',,'

11.

~OTpeqH?
:
; -',
,

,
.

.'~

.~'

~\

,"'-,.!

",--

'.

161
,

-
; , ,

450.

-,

.
! ,
~,

()

450,

10,

n,

:i], , , ~~
.

l{

.,

. .,

900

iHe

450

)
;.

: . YI{paTKO t.

,' ,
-

>

l1

:900,

() -

450,

450,

.'

. .

450

.

,
.

, ,

),

.
)1

{,

,,

. .

t
11*

164
,

"

, '

cpa3Mep~

-:

46)

Zog sin 27014' 35,69" = ?

1)

< 450, '

'

,
.

,
, lj , )-

270 14'40"

27014' 30':.

l\i ( .

453.)

'~

Zog sin 27014' 40" = 9,6606641 "

log sin 270 14' 30" = 9,660 6232,

.

409

,.
" .

5,69", 46.), ,;

33-

409 :

= 1 : 5,69,

"

= 409

5,69

"1

"

232,721
"

233

. .

, ,

Zos sin 270 14' 35,69" = 9,660 6232

l\1

+ 0,000 0233 =

9,6606465,

.i 409. " '

Q

](

5"

" 06"
,
009"
" ,

= 204,5 "
24,54
3,681,

165
,

5,69" '

._ 232,721.

'

409
,

, .

.,

. l\l 408 '411.

408

5"

= 204,0

24,48
.3,672

" 009"
,

569"
.
,

= 232,152.
. ,

408 409,'
< , 232,152 0,569 (409 -'- 408)
= 0,569, = 232,721.
.
hh, aI{
<.

411.

. '

5"

" 06"
,
" 0"09"
,

'

'0,569

(411 232,721.

205,5
24,66

3,699

= 233,859.

5,69"

411
409) = 1,138

233,859

log sin 270 14' 35,69" = log cos 92045' 24,31 " .

log cos 38043' 21 ,75" = ?

2)

'

522.)

66

log COS 38043' 20" = 9,892 1992

log COS 380 43' 30" = 9,892 1823.

169.

l59

"

= 15,9

=
=

,,0,7"

" 0,05"

30

11,83
0,845

= 29,575

1,75"

'ogCQS 38043' 2],75" = 9,892 1992 ~ 0,0000030 = 9,892 1.952.

logsin5]015'38,25".
log tg 71 25' 32,06" =?

3)

> 450;

, h.

401.

3\

log tg 71 25' 40" = 0,473 6639

logtg71 0 25' 30" = 0,4735942.
,

1li

597.

o~

697 : = 1 : 2,05
h

2,06"

2"

" 006"
,

697.

144

139,4
4,182

= ]43,582
_.

167
JI ,

logtg71 0 25' 32,06" = 0,4735942

TaKotje

+ 0,0000144 =

0,473 6086,

= log cotg 18034' 27,94".

logcotg63 0 34' 50,48" =?

4)

h
,

. ,

l\\

448.

log cotg 630 34' 50" ~9,'96 2055

[gtg630 5 "

=9,6961527.

~ :
Q:i

528. AQ-

528 : = 1 : 0,48

W1 h

528.

0,4"

= 21,12
=

" 0,08"

0,48"

4,224

=25,344

log cotg 630 34' 50,48" = 9,696 2055 - 0,000 0025 = 9,696 2030

= log tg 26025' 9,52".

,
900, 1'

13

14.).

. n (. . 49~ .).
.

168
.

sin
=?
. 219045'8,46"
'.

1)

sin 219045' 8,46"

.

-.

."-

.=

sin(219 0 45' 8,46" - 1800) = - sin 39045' 8,46"

.~

= - cos (2700 :- ..219045' 8,46") =

( .

III

- cos 500 14' 51 ,54".

'

528.)

log silZ 39045/8,46" = log cos 500 14' 51,54" = 9,8058205,

log sin 2190 45' 8,46" = 9,805 8205 '

.

(.

113.)

silZ 219045' 8,46" = - 0,639 4704.

cos 1460 ' 15,3" = ?

2)

cos 1460 , 15,3"

= -

cos (1800 - 1460 ' 15,3") = - cos 330 59' 44,7"

=. - sin (1460 ' 15,3" - 900) = - sin 560 ' 15,3".

III

( .

493.)

log sin 560 ' 15,3" - ' 9,918 5959,

log cos 330 59' 44,7"

log cos 1460 ' 15,3"

(.

151.)

cos 1460 0'15,3"

,

tg (~
III

362.).

0,829 0790.

tg(-12 0 4'56,7")=?
1204' 56,7")
- tg 1204' 56,7"

log tg (-120 4' 567)

(.

9,918. 5959

(log tg 1204' 56,7")

9,3305364"

169
"

"

tg (- 1204' 56,7")"= - 0,2140604

(.

28.).

sin 1120 24' 37,02" - ?

sin 1120 24' 37,02"

4)

sii

cos (1120 24' 37,02" - 900)

(1800 -

1120 24' 37,02")

log sin 1120 24' 37,02"

{.

III

sin 670 35' 22,98"

cos 220 24' 37,02"

424.),

9,965 8964

sin 112024' 37,02"0,9244777

<.

1 . 170.).

5)

tg304 0 18'9,7"=?
tg 3040 18' 9,7"
= -

tg (3600 - 304018'9,7")

"-.tg 55041' 50,3"

=~

cotg(304Q 18'9,7" - 2700)"

cotg340 18'9,7"

log tg 304018' 9,7"" (log tg 550 41' 50,3")n

{.

III

495.)

ta 304018' 9 ,

(.

0,166 0739n

.
- 1,4657973

15.).

6)

cotg 2090 36' 17,26"

cotg 2090 36' 17,26"

cotg (209036' 17,26" - 1800)
cotg 29036' 17,26"
= tg (2700 - 2090 36' 17,26")
tg 600 23' 42,74"

"

log cotg" 209036' 17,26"

cotg 2090 36' 17,26"

0,245 5066

" (.

1,7599753

(.

I .

467.)

21.).

)
. .

170
-

:h . ~
,

I<

I<~

I< .
I<

I<

(. .
). I<, I< " ceI<YI-

I<

1"),

, h

, ,
, .
, I<

I<ao

I<

; I< , ,

Zog sin rt..

1)
(

9,5183124,

405.),

rt.. -

Sill,

9,5183477 I<ao Zogsin 19015' 40"

9,5182875

"

Zogsin 19015'30" ..
602

;

.
.

10".

171'
: , -
}' - - r..
249, i 602
( 10") , ~
19015'30" . v
46),

1 : ,

602 : 249
.

249 10"
==414"
. '=
602
'

=190

-.

15'30" +4,14"

log cos\;;.

2)
(.

9,6542253
9,6541836

l'

450.)

19015'34,14".

9,6542097,

417,

log cos 630 11' 20"

log cos 630 11' 30".

"

"

. ij -

--?

: at

( )

"

'.

156.

417 : 156 -- 10 : ,

10" --374"
= 156
417
'

rJ.

63011'23,74".

417.

156

125,1,
3". 56 - 125,1
30,9 1,
309 291,9,
7", 30,9 0,7".
309 - 29] ,9
] 7,2 1 17]
. 4", , ~a 10,

172
. 1l\ 0,04" .. 1l\ 1l\
)I1l\

3)
...

Zog tg

.156 3"

+ 0,7" + 0,0411

0,051 2647" =?

1l\1l\ . 1)1 ( . 59.)

1I\

0,051 2829

log tg 480 22/30"

" . Zog tg 480 22/20".

0,051 2405

.1I\

. n

424,

1I\

1I\

.:

'-

.-

242. -

1l\, 1l\ ,

424.:242,

':,

.
= ..'242 ] 011

424
-2. 1I\1l\

.. 3;74"

=='.

1l\

. 1I\

212,0,

5 71 ,;
"
1l\

424.
242 5".

21:1 - 30 1 "
300 296,8,
4,7". (300 - 296,8) 10
32
..,
01 " ,
242 -

48022/25,71 If.

Zog cotg rt. = 0,757 3049,

4)

rt.

=?

(. 349.)
~eHTHe

1I\

0,757 3897
0,7572657

"

log cotg 90 55' "

Zog cotg 9055/10".

1240.

, . ()'!

"

848.

"

1240 : 848

10

:, ,

=='

848 1"
1240

" 6,84" ..

124()

90 55' 6,84" . '

rt.

. .14.

,
'0

sin . -sin(1800 .) .'

cos . cos (3600 .)
tg . tg (1800 + .)

'
..

sin .(3600 .)
sma.= sin (1800 + .)
- cosa.--" cos(180 0 .)
cos {1800+ .)
tga.
tg(180 0 .)- fg(360 0-a.)
-cotga.- cotg (1800-- .) cotg (3600- .)

(.

13

14.)

],

. '
1800 1800,

.

3600,

l<

1800.

,.

i;l74

ij:

~i

1)

2)

-: tI: jl
R, (6.

) (~CHO
) ;
)
l .

"1 )

sin

0,3741525,

( .

60.)

log sin

=?

9,573 0486,

",, hlh III (. 421.),

;

1800- 210 58' 18,9"

1580 l' 41,1" .

sin

0,374 ] 525,

log sin

~-

9,573 0486n

)i'Y .

(/.' = 1800
(f..1/=360 0

(.

201 58' 18,9"

21058' ]8,9"= 3380 l' 41,1".

cos

2)

+ 2] 058' ] 8,9" =

124.)

0,694 7023,

7.

..

115
log cos
(.

554.)

rt..l

450 59' 47,43"

rt..

III

rt..z

9,841 7987

rt..

= 3600 - 45059' 47,43" = 3140 ' 12,57!/.

cos

rt..

0,694 7023

1800 -

rt..' =
rt.."

45059' 47,43" = 1340

+ 45059' 47,43"

= 1800

tg rt..

(.

II

235.)

12,57"

225059' 47,43".

0,040 5937, rt.. = ?

(. 1 . 67.)
.

log tg
li

'

8,608 4586

rt..

(.

III

303.)

rt..

20 19' 28,46".

rt..l

rt..z

+ 20 19' 28,46" =

1800

1820 19' 28,46" .

tg rt..

= -

0,040 5937,

log tg rt.. = 8,608 4586n

=
rt.." =
rt..'

1800 3600 -

cotgrt.. = 5,782179,

4) .

= 1770 40' 31,54"

20 19' 28,46" = 3570 40' 31,54" ;

20 19' 28,46"

( .

1 1.)

rt..

=?

log cotg rt.. = 0,762 0915.

176
,

fi

III

(.

348.),

= 1800

= 9048' 43,18",

+ 9048' 43,18" =

1890 48' 43,18".

cotg cf. = - 5,782 179

(/.' = 1800 - 9048' 43,1 8" = 1700 11' 16,82"

"

= 3600 - 9048' 43,18"= 3500 1 l' 16,82".

I\
1
.

. .

'

3 .

. 1.

.......

". 57.

m .

. , '
, .
,

t.

,'

(. . )
Ill'

" ,

,'

. 1800

t .

t .

, , , rJ., ~, ,

+>,
rJ.

+>,

+~+i

+>,

. 1800
12

'.

178
(

_,

1800

1800

u.
~)

u.

u.,

u.">-P">--r
.
~

1800

~ ~

()

.
,

"

, I;I

,
"

ij

.
,

58.

3,

(. .

8.).

179

'= (2

2 .)

=V(c+b) (
tga

-
.

)1)

cotg

90

. sin

V( + ) (

=,

= . cotg .

cos .

. cos

20.

)
. tg

=.

sin

--

---C.~-

SIn u.

cos'p

sin

cos (.
-- cos ~ =

(48

sin
,

cos u. = sin "",=

tg

(. =

tg =

+ )

tgi-J =--= -.

cotg u. =
. .1)

II ,

- ) 2

2 ,

12*

180

. BD

ABD

CBD

'

. '\'\
, , (. [3

cos

(.

. (3

= szn - ~ == -;
2
2'

21.

(49

2.
3.

59.

1.

(. . ~.

1.

{2

+,
2

tg (.

--

2.

szn

(.

(..

900

', t

tg rJ. =

'

yraotJ.;

sin

(.,

= -.-Sll1

(.

~'"o

. 18 t
.

1.

17,0528,

= 12,4896.

log = 1,231 7957

log = 1,096 5485

.l.~~2,4635914

log 2 = 2,193 0970

2 =

290,7980

2 =

155,990 I

+ = 446,7881
+ ) = 2,6501016
.

log(a 2

log = log { 2
=

+ 2 =

1,3250508'

21,1374.

loga=I,2317957
Zog =1,0965485
log tgCf.. = log~ = 0,1352472

2.

= 900 -

cf..

cf..

= 360 13'9,96".

530 46' 50,04"

"

log = 1,231 7957

log = 1,096 5485
.

logtgrJ...:....'Zog ~.

= 900 -

"

0,1352472
-

-'.

rJ.

= 530 46' 50,04"

(.

= .3601
. , 3' 9,96" .

..

182

loga

1,2317957

11,2317957-10'
9,9067449 - 1

log sin rI.

loac-Zog.

Slll (.

1,3250508

21,1374.

t60. 2.

I<, .

~.

1.

~r(c

);

, tg .

..

sm

900

2.

+ ) (

. _
sm - -,

, h .,

. . cos

cos a,cotg .,

. cotg ..

2,0435.

0,9617,

1.

-?

? ~

-+-
I

3,0052, -

1,0818

183

log(c

+ ) =0,477 8734

--

,, .

log(c-a)
log(c
logb

+ ) ( log {(

0,0341470

-0,5120204

+ ) (-)=0,2560102

= 1,8031.

log = 0,9830396 - 1 = 9,9830396 - 1

log = 0,2560102
"

log' tg rI. = log

= 9,727 0294 -

rI.= 2804' 27"

~=

2.

900-,- rI.=61055'33".
,

,
,

"

, log = 0,9830396 - 1 = 9,9830396 - 1

, ,logc = 0,3103746
~-"---

.-

log sin rI. = log = 9,672 6650 - 1

rI. = 2804' 27"

~

= 900 -

rI.

61055' 33".

logcos 7.. =9-,9456356 - 10

Zog = 0,310 3746

log = log . cos rI. = 0,2560102

-,- 1,8031.

, ~.

. rJ..
,

84

. sm

-- . cos
900

'

r:J.
r:J.

",'
~.

8,5349,

tX

490 38' 12,67".

=.? =? ~=?
.

!oge=0,9311984

log sin

tX

9,881 9294

10

Zog eos

tX

9,811 3269 -

10

Zog . sin (/.

0,813'1278,

log = Zog eos tX = 0,7425253,

log

= 900 -

tX

,',,6,5032.

= 40021' 47,33".
,

'

i
1..
-V,

5,5275.

}{

:5.

-- -=-.sm r:J.

cotg .

= 900 ' '

,cc;os r:J.
,

r:J.. "

'

.
. -,'

407,25,

= 17041'5,2".

=? =? ~

=?

.' ,Zog = 2,609 86 11 = "2,609861 '1 ~ 1

}{

185

log cotg .!. = 0,496 4163 "

log

log'a. cotg!Y.

log sill

rJ. --,-

3,106 2774,

log

= log S1Z!Y.
1 =
~

. ..

, 127

10

1277,25.

1340,6].

= 72018' 54,8".,

!.

= 900 -

3020,

9,482 5591 -

: : : .

1.
' : .
\

. .

h
, , -:
,.
, '

. ,
'

(. .

I;I
.

37.).

"

' " ,

+
.

,.'
I

.'
.

~OBojeHO h

~ (. ..
49...)

.'
.

, .
,
,.

,
. _.'
.
"

, "~\,

186

- ,

I<.

I<oje

--

, .l<

I< I<
u.
-

.!

-;--

{';;

--

...

I<,

]-

, .

__ t, ,
-I

- _

- I<

I<aKO

I< .

-,

V2

58.,

V( + ) (

).

}f.Ot . .
-

I<oje

KaI<O

, ,

t ,..

I<oje

. . , :..

, I< 0:"-

I< t ,
,

, (. .

11.

12.)

1) I<OTaHreHTe I<pety

()

, ,

CBaI<Y

I<~

187
,

tangens

cotangens

' '

t
.

2)

I 1,

, ,

..,

S1US

s1US

t -,
.

..'

,.

) (.
) , ,

.
.
1,

1.

-.'

, t()
-ttk .

64. _

. Q . ,
3 n: ,

, f.

~ r

P+Q

1-+~

188

-Q- = tg 2 '.(;

(.)

rp

QI<

1 , .)

1
2 (logQ

log tg rp

log ).

.) .

+p

..

P+Q=

12

rp =

cos rp

.
COS2 rp .

. .
.

CI<

S2
.

~)

+ tg

.:

+Q

"

+ Q)

. '

t.
([)'
. .,
I

log (

rp

"'()

' _ ' .

log

2 log cos rp. . .'

.
Cl; I{

. .

.3 . '. '

,"

.+

189

-_.-::--cos 2 w'

t.
1

+ Q +R

cos 2 () +R= R

+Q+

~P__

R cos2

(f)

,
R
.

cos

3.

tg' 2 t\;

R cos 2 ('

65.

-,

ij

, ' ,
.
.

1.

~!a2+ 2

"-'

log ~! 2

+ 2 =
.-

'.-

--=-2

'.

+ 2),

log ( 2

,"

,_

,."

. 2

2, :

- (. .

59.).

.- ,

" .2
,

1+

,'"

190
. ,.

tg ',

~)

log tg ' = log

log ..

,)

log (2

log

log
cos'f
.
.
.

= 31 948,

= 7529

<) ~)

7529
tg rp ... 319,48

log tg rp

=
=

log 7529 -

log 31948 -'- 3,876 7373 - 4,504 4437

1 - 4,5044437

13,876 7373 -

rp

'

. 9,372 2936 -

130 15' 38,2" .

log cos rp = 9,9882631 - 10

.

, ) ~),

191

log {3 1 9482 -i- 75292 log = 31 948 - log .'; 130 15' 38,2"

I( 31

4,504 4437 -

4,516 1806

9482 + 75292 =

9,988 2631

log
4,516 1806
,
.

+ 1

32823,17...

2.

(cr

log tg 1f = 2 (q log

log

),

(~

m,_ _ __
m _ _ __

,1 aP+b

cos

(.

,
m._.__

log

V + b

= ( log - 2log COS'f).

.
5~_ _ __

{39763

+ 7106;22

192
l1
5

}3976

'_
I

72 2 = '(3976 ( 1 ~-iii)'
t
"
3976

710622'
.
a2 (')
---=t
39763 -

(7.1 )

5
(3~97~6';-----;-,-;7=1-;06=2=2

'{ ')

~===-=

3976
COS2 <

')

Zog

39763
V

(7.).

~')

+ 710622 =

(3 Zog 3976 - 2 Zog cos

').

1
2 (2 Zog 71062 - 3 Zog 3976)

log tg

-~

(2

4,851 6374 - 3

3,5994464)

= 9,452 4678 - 1,

15049/30,311

9,9832\96 -

l'

Zog cos

.,5

log (39763
,

/
a)
"'\

+ 710622

10,

';

. ' .

. 5 [3 Zog 3976 - 2 log cos 150491 30,31/

-'.

[3

' 3,599 4464 -

2' (9,983 2196 -

= 2,1663800
,

(3=9=7=63=-+-:-:7=1-;;-0=62=2 = 146,6831.

3.

sin a.-+-q cos ~

10)

193
q

sin

R'

+ q cos ~ = sin .

q cos ~
. - = tg2 ,
sm .

( .

1(log q -f- log cos ~

log tg

log

log sin

(~

3 . i}

+ q cos $ = cossm .
log ( sin . -1- q cos ~)-~ log + log sin u.
sin u.

.2log cos .

(8

65,349 sin 280 19' 56,2"

0:)

+ 17,408 cos 730 10' 42,611 =?

}7,408. cos 73010'42,6" _

2
65,349 . sin 280 19' 56,211 - tg rp,

('

1
2 {log 17,408

log tg rp =

+ Zog cos 73010'42,6"

- log 65,349 - log sin 280 19' 56,2"

(1,240 7489

+ (9,4614850 -

10)

- 1,815 2389 - (9,676 3132 - 10))

=

9.605 3409 -

rp = 21057'3,911

Zog cos rp = 9,967 3155 - 10.

,
rll

(~'

94

,()

6)

65,349 Sill 280191 56,2

+ 17,408 cos 730 0

1f

42,6"

65,349 . sin 280 191 56,211

cos2 21 5 3,911
10 g (65,349 . sin 280 91 56,2 1f

log' 65,349
,815

+ log' sin 280 191 56,2

2389

--

2 . log cos 21 571 3,9 =

1f

1f
-

(9,676 3132 - 1) - 2 . (9,967 3155 - 1)

6')

+ 17,408 . cos. 730 01 42,6")

=
.

. = 1,524 2366

65,349 . sin 230 19' 56,2"

+ 17,408 . cos 7301 ' 42,6" =

33,438.

HaUOJ'vteHa. sin (1. -- q COS ~

~
(1.,

sin .

+. q

COS .)

t
.

. +q

sm

(1.

COS

q = tg

(1.)

sm

(1. -1

q COS .

--

r.p,

(~

log q

log tg r.p

log ,

sin

(1.

+q

--

COSIJ)I

,l1

~~

COS .

(sin

COS

(1.

(sin .

+ tg r.p

sin IJ) COS

COS )

195

sin

+ q cos == s(,!_cos(1,+ )

(,

(1)

log ( sin u. -1- qcos (1)

.~ ' '

4.

log sin

( -~- )9)

log cos '.

(~

3.
.

cos

--

cos acosb

+ sin sin cos .

+ sin sin cos

r
sin
sin cos
-- cos
+
.cos
-----.- cos (cos + sin tga cos )
cos cos

,COS

tg' cos

tg )9 .

-+ si tg cos .:.:= cos + sin tg

_cos cos rp + sin sin )9 ___ cos ( )

cos

cos

cos

rj)

)9

rj)

cos

=--

cos

cos ({;

cos .

('(

cos = cos 102034' 811 . COS 127054' 2111

$in 102034'811. $in 127054'2111. cos75 0 16'2911.

*

196
,

tg'7 = tg102 0 34' 8" . cos75 0 16' 29"

~=

(%1

tg(180 0 -770 25' 52") . COS 75016' 29"

,

tg 77024' 52" . COS 750 1' 29",

logtgrp = (Zog tg7/ 0 25' 53"

= (0,651 7800

48044' 40,5",

=.:

+ 9,405 1493

+ logcos 75019' 29")

rpl

47

0,056 9293

()

tangens rp

(. .

rp

1)

56.)

, 1800- 48044' 40,5" = 1310 ]5' 19,5"

'72

480 44' 40,5" = 311 015' 19,5"

= 36 -

, '),

rICOS C
1')

=cos(127054'21"-I31015'19,5")

cos]31 0 15'19,5"

102034'8"
COS

<

I
_cos(127 0 54'21"-311 0 15'19,5")
102034'8"
l COS cos 131 15' 19,;)"
COS,
,

(h

13

14.),

COS

_
-

3 20' 58,5"
cos 480 44' 40,5"

77025' 52"

COS

COS

log cos

= log COS 3020' 58,5"

= 9,9992574 - 10
= 9,5177827 -

+ log cos 770 25' 52" -

+ 9,3376854 -

log cos 480 44' 40,5"

10 - 9,8191601

10

cos

5.

0,329 445.

. '

,?

q -- ,

+ 10

97

Jeq

I10

q _, -

-- 2-,-4+

+ q = - 2+-2

tg 2 ,

_
42q =

(.

2 log tg --- log 4 log q 2 log

= 2 log 2 -f- log q
2 log

log tg

log 2 -f- ~ log q

log

(~

u.)

+
1
2
2 cos '

(~q. cotg /j),r-

=-

cos
/)
q.
'
- sin /), ,

~~

vq

- cos 'f = - v q. sin + sin

cos

1(. .

19

2 sin 2 ~, 1

'f

+ cos = 2 cos

(. .

21.)

22.)

=- 2 sin 2: cos 2:
/)

sm

/)

18

198

-{

!<

l{

_,.

.~-

. 1 ___

- . COS 'f --L tI q

v q sin 'f I sin!.p

vq 2 sin

([)

2 sin 2 cos

= Vq .tg

2 =

- . COS ([),- _

v
q sin ([)

~-

1/ q

~-

Vq .2_ cos

!.

~-

szn ([)

-11 q (1 - cos ')

sin !.

!.

~-

- .szn ([)- (1-~- COS r.o)'

I

rf
2

'-D

')

2 sin -'-- cos '

2
2

2 =-

-'

(q,
'f

tg 2

log 1

- ([)
2 log q -t- log tg -21

log q

([) 1
log tg--') .
2
11

{ Xl 2 {
x2+3x~5=O ..

199

2 -- .

'.

2 -- 2'

20
-- = tg 2 ([
9'
>

(!1,./

[ g

tg

= "2 log 20 -

q:;

(~

log 3

,s
ta
f
'." 2

--

2=

(5

---tg q:;

( '! I2

log I =

log 2 =

~ log 5 + log tg ~
1

"2 log 5 -log tg

( 'i

~,)

log tg rp =

2"

.
>~

1,3010300 - 0,4771213 = 0,1733937

= 5608' 43,7", 2= 2804' 21,9"

log tg ~ = 9,727 0035 log I =

10

2" 0,6989700 + 9,727 0035 -10 =

1

log 2 = -2- 0,6989700 - 9,727 0035

' .
I = 1,1926
2

= -4,1926.

.
0,076 4885

+ 101 =

. .
0,622 4815 n

200

66.

GI< .
.

>

< Q,l)

<

Q , I< ~-

, ]it

[1

(P>Q)

tll)

sin 2 r.p,

I<

~1)

'!! sin IP

"(1)

1 )

log(P

Q -- cos 2 'f

log -f-- 2log cos ',

Q)

(
1)

1
.. '
2 (log Q - log )

< Q)

, t ,

-.

ij

'f, log log Q

, .

201

si11 2 (Dl'

- - =

log sin
-

log

= 2 (log
Q =-=

Q cos 2 r.p

(log Q

Q)

log Q)

+ 2log cos CP)n"

( 2

Ha[[oJvleHG. h . 64.
~

, ,

Ii , ,
.
3.

67.

hIl

1.

( 2

i1 h

1-

>

2,

>

--1

=sinr.p,

(.

log sin

lo~

log .

202
I{
,

172 ==--= / 1 -l-

1/ 2

II

-- !

(-~--

sin 2 '

")

1/

l{,

()

._-10; 1/ 2
172

cos

'.,

log

+ log cos 'f

HaUO.Jl!leHa.AI{o ,

I{,
I

1/ 2

2 -'.- {(

(. .

-+- ) (

60.).

.
.

= 1/ 185622 -

94572 = ?

18562,
.
SlIUP

'l. )

:1 ')

9457

9457
= 18562

log sill ? = log 9457 -log'18562

=~

3,9757534 - 4,268 6248 = 9,7071286 - 10

= 30037' 45,511

logCOSIjJ=9,9347416-10

= 18562 . cos 300 37' 45,5

+ log cos 30037 145,511

4,2686248 + 9,9347416 - 10 = 4,203 3664
= ]5972;26 ..

10 g = log 18562
=

fI

203
lI :

~,~ 1/(~56: 9457508562 '-9457) ~ 1'28019 '

log

= ~ (log 28019 + log9105) =~

= 4,203 3663

+ 3,9592800)

(4,4474526

2.

9105

= 15972,26.

. , j~eMO

, . :> .
111
-----

1Il

,-----q

1/

b =

2
-=
sin
({)

I ,

log sil1

2: (q l

'[,!,' )

([3

l1l

1ll

----

1/

~~=

--

log 1/

= (

.-----

1/ cos 2 .
.

log -1- 2log cos

.
7

- {81402--2764 -?

).

( ..

204

'2

(Z')

Sll1

21764
814023'

.._

,rp

1 '
log sil1 =:2 (4, !og 2176 - 3 . log 81402)

~. (4 3,337 6589 -

4,91 6351) ,

=9,309_3651 -10
rp = 11 45' 49,31:

log'cos =9,990 781 - 10

7

')

,)

Zogx

'

(814023 . cos 2 11 451 49,3/1

(3 Zog 81402 + 2 Zog cos 11 045'49,311)

~ [34,9106351

+2(9,9907813-10)]-2,1019240

' .126,4515.
,

sin

rJ. -

q cos ~

h u

.
szn u. - q cos ~

sin

rJ.

_qcos~l

sin u.J

sin u. - q cos 8 =

q cos

t-'

_.

sin u.
l1 q cos ~.
f

> < q cos ~

( sin u. > q cos ~)

sin u.

cos

.
2
t-' - - szn ,
szn rJ.
,',
Q

205

1 .

log sin 'f =:2 (log q + log cos ~ - log - logo sin )

log ( sin r:J.

sin

q cos

r:J.

q cos ~)

log

sin

q cos

r:J.

cos 2 'f

(1'1

+ log sin --- 2log cos '-?,

< q cos ~)

(01

r:J.

Sll1

sin

(~1

sin 2 ')
I

~(logoP -~ log sin r:J. -log q

log sin 'f

sin

r:J.

q cos r =

log cos~)

(2

q cos r cos 2 'f

810,37' sin 610 15' 3411 - 279,85 . cos 290 18' 4211

279,85 . cos 29018'4211 _

sin 2 ,
81 0,37 . sin 6 1 15' 3411

('

Zog sin rp
=

~ (log279,85 + logcos2901 8'42"-log8 10,37-logsin61 01 5'3411) (~'

.

~ [2,4469253 + 9,9405013 - 1 -

2,9086834 - (9,942 9035 - 1)]

=9,7679198-10

log cos
.

-_- 810,37

'

35052' 32,811

' -

9,908 6402 - 1

. s il1 6 I 15' 3411 . CQS2 350 52' 32,811 .

('

206
;)') [O,g =

log' 81 0,37 -:- log sif/ 610 15' 34"

:=

2,908 6834 + 9,9429035 -- 1

,

+ 2' log cos 350 52' 32,811

-+ 2 (9,908 6402 -

1)

=2,6688673
-

--- .,

sm

q cos

sil1 . -

'

- 466,52.

q cos

.,

sin u. -

q cos u.]

q
t
- g'f

u.)

lvg tg 'f =Iog q -log

f
.
1
sil7 . - - { cos .:=:' 1. sin . - sm 'f cos .
cos

.
(sin
.
cos

'. cos '!,

'

==

Sill

" , cos '1.)

.
Sll1

q cos

(.

sin ---_
(. ... Cns '!,

'-)

log ( sin
~)

4.

:"'.::

log

log sin

(.

.. .

cos

.:.=. . (OsA (

. q cos
'-)

log cos '-.

.'

"-+- sin si c;os

207
t

COS

. cos (sill tg cos

cos )

t(y
::::, cos

- cot a

'!;
I

(.

log cofg i'

==

log tg' -t-log' cos

teMo

cos

CC~::.

cos (sill

cotg 'f

::.: C~S
_
(sin cos
Sl!l

--

r]; -

cos )

cos sin '-)

cos
cos ..- --;
Sl!l

.
Sl!l

~!)

),

log cos

--- log' cos

+ log sin ( -- ') -log' sill If (~

cos

= -

cos 11407' 41 ,5!! . cos 830 2811 6,3!! -~ .

sin 11407' 41 ,5!!. sil1 83028' 16,3!! . cos 680 541 9,2!! = ?

cotg l' = ,'g' 83028' 16,3!! . cos 68054' 9,2" ,

log cotf{1' . log' tg 83028/16,3" -;- log' cos 68054/9,2'1

= 0,941 4035
=

0,497 6510
0
, =

lgsi

+ 9,556 2475 -

17038/15,7!!

rp =9,4814382 -10

- l' = 11407/41,5" - 170381 ] 5,7" = 96029/25,8'1

cos = i:gs_~~? ~8' 16,3!! si 960291258"
.
sin17038'157!!
..
,.
,

11 1
( I'..
!

208
,

yr.'Ia
sin (1800 - i7.) = sin i7.,

- cos 830 28' 16,3" .' 830 30' 34 2"

cos -SinI7 03$'15,7"sm

,
~')

log cos
=

log cos 83 28' 16,3" + log sin830 30'34,2" - log sin 17038'15,7"

. = 9,055 7708 - 10

+ 9,997 ~075 -

10 - 9,4814382

+ 10

= 9,5715401 :- 10

cos

0,372 8551.

5.

x +px+q--Q

p2_ q =_p+p
422

02> 4q

4q

--;_.

2 log sin -- log 4

4q

sin 2 ,

+ log q

2logp
.
2log2 +logq . 2log

log sin 'f --log 2

+ ~ log q

log .

,--

i +i

cos If = -

i (1 + cos ),

~,

CQS

= 2 sin 2

IJ).

.,2'

"

. 1 '1

COS

IJ)

_::;

...

2:cos 2 tp
2

.(13. j~H .. ,19 . 22.)

2 .~

--psm

pcos

2
,

tp ,

) .
,

.
,

. 2 -7
. I '-9-0
'-,'

,
,

7, q = 9,

-.

36

sin 2 rp =
log sin rp

.
.

--;-;49

(.

-}(log36-; Iqg49)

~ ( ,556 3025 - ,690 1961) =

rp . ,"580591 50,21!,

9,933 0532 -

'i = 29029' 55, I!

. log sin. ~ = 9,692 3206 -1 , log cos ; = 9,9397026 -

= 7 sin 2 290 29' 55,1

f/

('( I

.. ;!

log = log 7

= 7, cos? ~9029' 55,1 ".

+ 2 log sin 29029' 55,1 .,

= 0,8450980 2 (9,6923206,,-- ) = 0,2297392

log 2 = log 7
=

+ 2 'log cos 290,29'5q, [

0,845 0980

+ 2 (9,939.7026

= 1,69722
.
,

2 = 5,302'78
"'>l6

ff

10) = 0,724 5032

,. : - -:

,210
. .

r------V + 2 cos "(

V( +

=(+)

+ cos ')')
2 (1 + cos ')')

2 (1
1_

(+

1
(. .

19

+ cos ')'

2 cos 2

')'

22.)

..

I;IO.CT,

21labcos1
a2 +b 2 >2abcos,)" . +

<1

\f<!

logsin
)

=log

..

2+ 2 (log a+Zog.b) +log S~-lg(+), .

, 211

+ b)cos rp
log ( + ) + log cos .
,

'(

log

..

(.

(8

, ---,"

V20672 + 31942 -

2 2067 3194 cos 41 15' 27" = ?

__

. _2V20673194'S20037'4,5"
Sll1 , 2067
3194

('

(log2067 + log3194) + logcos20 037'43,5"-log5261

'

, =log2

+~

'~, 10300"+ -} (3,3 153405 + 3,5043349) + 9,971,2215 - 1

.

,,
"

'

','" . ,- 3,7210683 = 9,9610209...,- 10

'

rp = 6605/10,8"

log cos rp = 9,607 8405 - 1

=

(2067

+ 3194) '.> 660 5' 10,8'1

('

= 5261 . cos 66051 10,8"

+ log cos 6605' 10,8"

3,721 0683 + 9,607 8405 - 10

log = log5261
=

(~'

'

= 3,3289088
=

2132,597.
,

'

2.

' .
8':,lg{1

+ ).

..

, ~aT

. ()

' 1\ ,

+ ,

ij . '
14*

212
I<

~)

log tg fp = 2 log

'
"
[
1+

.' g'

'

+.
. cos

'2

= 1

SIn.

ID
_ ..._..

cos

'2

IJ
-, Sl .
_

cos 2

l+'=

log(1

~)

cos 2 ,

+ ) .= -

2 logcos

, ,
3

log

log.(1

r.p

+ ) :

).
.

log =0,61'1 3098.

log(1

+ ).

~)

I\
~,}

1
- 0,671 3098 - 3356549
og tg - .
2
-:- '
,

rp = 650 13' 4,6"

/01]'

cos 9

9,622 3878 - 1

, ' OCH?~Y 13),

.

Zog(l +)-"2 '(9,6223878-10)=0,7552244.'

l1l)
,

-. ., .

. -,
I< 11 ",.

a~y "!,

~,

,i.

, .~ ,

\l .
'

log (1

+ )

0,7552245,

69. log

+ ):

.i (

+ Q,

Q;

Q.

,
,

,-"

- .

. ..

'

Q)

1+ )

-=

.
.

"

P+Q-~P

.,

'
,

log

log Q

log

log (+ Q) --log P+log (1

log (1

+ ).

log

{~

+), , ,

log .
.

.
,

. .

log = 3,295047 , log Q

log (

+ Q).

= 2,751.81554.

214
,

"

'. lg (1:fX), ' ' = ~

",:',

..

'."

'

,,-

-,

log '7'Zog Q -'- log = 2,7518654 ~ 3,2950471 = 9,4568183 -1

',' ~"21og fgo/, '
,

"

(. ~)

"

l'

. '

Zog tgr.p -:--2' (9,4568183 ""710)- 9,728 4091~ 1

I =

280 8' 59 3"

,

. log cos rp = 9,945 3293 - 1

li (. )

. 'log (1

+ ) =

2 . (9,945 3293 - 1) = 0,109 3414,

!<, ),

log (

+ Q) = 3,295 0471 +0,1093414 =

70. log

3,4043887).
,

1).

3,4043885

' t

11);

. '"

" 1,

'

=
1'

cos 2 tp'

log =

2)

2 log cos
,'
1
log cos ' = - 2 log .

'

1)

, ~T,

03Haj~o

41.

< .

2) . 3) lJ.< 63.

43.). "

(. .

40.


-1

= cos 2 ' -

1-

COS 2 '

cos 2 '

____ sin 2 ' ----- --.cos 2 'f

)1

tg2 rp

log ( _ 1)

(,

2 log tg rp.

'll.

log = 2,852 3946.

~)

log(K -1)

log cos l' - - 2,852}946

8,5738027 -1 ,

- 1,426 1973

=87051/7,311
log tg rp

1,425 8906

, ~),

log(K -1) _. 2
(

1,4258906

2,8517812

2,851 7841).

71. log (1

).

_.

()

),

(l

< 1

H~.

,
==

sin 2
I

~,

-'

log sin rp =. 2 log .

1

cos 2 rp

"

log (l

2log cos

'.

',"

(~

, "

!og = 0,108 2046 - 2.

log (1 -

) h

(5) ',' "

'Zog sin ~

= { . (, I082046

--'-- 2) - 0,054 1023 - I ==9,054 1023 - 1,

rp

= 60 30' 13,211
,

!og cos ~ = 9;9971961-10

,

, ),

'
,

..

"

..

log(J ~ )= 2 . (9,997 1961 - 10)= 0,9943922- I ,

( ).

72. log
(70. 71.)

0.).

,
'

() -

Ha~eMO

ope~yjeMO
Il
.

'.

'1
P-Q=Q1

__ '_

~-

,
"

'

'

Q,'

Q,

217
,s. .

. ..
. ,

log 1

-- ,

Q,

.log Q,

log .

.
0-

-,

log = 3,1957042, log Q = 2,7568305.

log -

- Q).

1.

"

log(P - Q)

- .'

= log Q +IOg(~ - 1)= 2,7568305 + !og(~ -1).

log(

~ - 1) (. .

cos 2 <'

70.)

.-

Q - 1 = tg 2 ry

"

.~

log cos? = .

(lo!]" - log Q) = - -} (,1957042- 2,1568305)

.

-,-. 9,780~631 -,- 1

rp- .52053' 25,511

/og tgl'f::= OJZ1 1583

[Og( ~ -1) = 210g tgrp = 0,242 l ..

log ( - Q) = 2,7568305
2.

+ 0,242 3166 =

2,999 147 .

- Q=P(I-.-)
.

log(P- Q) = Zog + !Og( 1-

~} =

3,195 7042 +zog( 1-

Zog (1 - ~) fl ( .

~).
71.)

~ =sin 2 tp,

1-

logslntp=

2
Q
=s

~(ZgQ-Zg)= ~(2,7568305-,1957042)

= 9,7805631 -

10
i

= 370 6' 34,5"

logcos ' = 9,9017214 - IO

loglI -

~) =

2logcos ' =0,803 4428 -1,

Zog ( - Q) = 3,195 7042

(

+ 0,8034428 -

2,9991453).

73. - .
I<
;

1 = 2,999 1471

I<aKO

, -

t .

I< .

 . , 1-l

(Zecchini Leonelli, 1776.

1847.),
(CarlFriedrich Gauss,
1777.
1855.), <. ,
q 5 , 1812.

'

0 -

(Gauss-sche Logarithmen, logarithmes de

Gauss) 1-l 1-l

(Additions- und Subtraktions-Logarithmen, logarithmes
d'addition et de soustractiol1).
-

. t.
,

. ,

log -log Q = Q' log 1

log

1
1)
Q'
1

log

log Q -

log 1

+~

log' - - - = -

log

Q),

1)
':. "

- .

. .

1812.

. ,

log - log Q = log Q ,.

.
Q)
(
"
) .

log
1
+
Q
,

+
.

Q
=
(

log 1 + 75

..

1+ .=.
sm 2 ", =eosee
,

2 <p,

1+ Q = eos 2 =see
.

2 ".
,

'

tf1J.<p,

, , lI , '

,.
.

450

900.

, , -

. .

ll\-

...
. ..
log (+ Q) :::=log
=

log(P _. Q)

. .. ,
log 1

+-

.Q'
,

+
1

log --. log-~Q=-.

1--

,-

,l)

.2)

I
.

1.
~

74.

,
.

,
....

1)

log ( +. Q)
log log Q

.'!

F -

I :

log Q

t r

log ( 1 +
.

~).
.

log

log ;
log ( log + log Q),

ti

1Q .
1--.

. 2} CarlFriedrich ' Werke. rusggv der kigli~

Gesel1schaft der Wissshft zu Gtlig. Dritter d, pag.244 ....

22:1
"

8
,

.,

'

'l ,

, 2n

- -2
,' (
1)

r-~

I{

1
.

' .
1 0 j~
(Karl Friedrich Gauss, 1777
'.

1855)

(laterale Einheit),
(}

'.

3 .
- .
.
,

,.

-.

-'

'

0 ~.
}

. . ..

. +.,

..

l\ , i ' ("1.
l{ -[- i 1UJrl
.

, (),

I{ ' {l{ ,
:;
1) {

.,

() .

3<1,

il , ( . II

2 , r<( ( IIIJ )
" . 3

2 n+1 2 n,~ 1 , lO .

222

, , ri .

+- i

2)

'1)

--

() ift

75.

- .

-','

,'
.-

',~

<

3. <

<

. <

<

-.

1/ (

d)

--

'
. d;

",

d,

<

223
2.

i1

76.

I<oja

I< -

I<, 3f;I<

(.

. )
~peTaeM I<

3h

I<

, , I<

I<ao

I<,

I<ao

I<

+ i

I<oj~ .

:
-

-.

",

TaI<O

+i

I< ,

-1- i .

I<

I< -

[-

,' .

224

-:- i
0

, ()

-. .. ,
. ,
,

-
, '

+ i

=--= ,

..'...

-,

' - .
.

,.

'" '.

=-= .

77.
.
'
' : ,

".. I

, r

l3

( '). ~

, :-

radillS vector, -1=

, .

. -

"

11

tlO 1

22.

. R , -

u ."

'

+)

, '. (

Rpete

: ;
,

.
"

,
~ ;+-

3600,

Q ,

jt.:AHO

, ,,' if

360'0,

' ,

;.

3600-- (.. '

jeCBt:+-

2~5

OPQ

cos ),

(50

.'

, .
'

rsin
,

I (51

tg =,.~

( ) :

( ) Ha~eMO
.

'

..

'

'

-'

50)

x+iy

'

r(cos cp+isin

. -

,~

).

,-

, . -'

(52

,1) u ,

cos

+ i sin fl

+i

,
, , ~

(cos

+ i sin )

l!,'

Q.

,
, .

(cos

+- i sin ) ,

l{

, :'"

ope~eH

1)

r (Argal1d) ., 1814.,
- (1831.). r (cos? + i sin '!') {~l (Ailgustil1~LOi.tiS
, 1789 - Sceauxl857)' n ."18:.

15

'

226
lX

jeI:Ja

'{

r (cos

'

+- i sil1 )

, , 2 2 l
(.

23.)

I{9.

].

21,4 + 17,3. 1

= 21,4,

ll\

17,3,

. (21,42+ 17,32-27,518

~~'~
,-

tg m
=

173 ' ! =38057'9"

214

21,4+ 17,3. 1= 27,518 (cos 38057'9//

2.

+- Isln380 57'9//).

= 18,6 . cos 51 24' 1" =

50)

= 18,6, rp = 51 024'] 6"

11 ,60

18,6. sin 51024'16// = 14,537.

18,6 . (cos51 24' 16// + i sln 51 24' 16//) = 11 ,

+ 14,537 . [.

. !

:h I.
,

HeoApel)eHocT

rp

21,4

Mel)y-

1_

+ 17,3 . i

rp.

!=8 0 57'9" =21,4, =17,

!<. ,

= 2 [8057' 9"

TaKol)e tg < =

-~~~ , 38057'9// +

1800 =

, .

- 2 [,4 ~ 17, . i, ~ = - 2] ,4,

:...... - 17,. - 21,4

..

.'

.,.

227

+ 17,3. i

21 ,4 ~ 17,3 . , . I<.
.
.
173
I<. tg = -- 214

= 1800""":' 38057'9" = 14102' 51",

= 3600- 38057'9" =

= 321 02' 51" .

3.
:,
.

78.

I<

I< ,

I< .
I< ,

(Hermann Hankel, 1839

- .
1873)
(Prinzip der Permanenz . derformalen Gesetze).
.
.
, I<OJa

, . I<

-'

I<ojy ~
I<oje

,
:

I<.

,
.

, . .(I,
, '

, o~eMOY I< ~fl'

..
15*

228,
79..

'

,' (

+ i ) + (2 + i 2) + ... + ( + i ) =
+ 2 + ... + + i ( + 2 + ... + )'

'

..

"

, .

+ 2 [) + (5 + 4 [) = + 5 + i(2 + 4) = 8 + i
(2 +i) +7 = 2 + 7 + i=9+6i .
(8 +9 [) + 4 i = 8 + i (9 + 4) = 8 + 1 [.
(3

(l+ i )

+ (2 + i )-~ (2 + i ) + (] -+ i )'

v. , , .

.
.

.'

. 1

+ i I

-1- i 2'

OQ
PQ.

1 + 2

+- .

. ,

I .'

-1
I

!~~:.j:::l=J~~n
""

,,
I

KO~

, l . 2',

(.("
--

. 23.

,.

, l

2 t.

'

;
-,

. ,.

( ) .

'

".

mod (

+ i ),

mod [ -~ ;
.

mod (2 + 2)'

+ i (7 -+- 2)],

mod(Xj-+-2-~ i (-~Y2)] <mod(xj-HYI)

:

+ mod(x2 +iYz).

( ) I<:lI

80.

'

. :

+ i )

. (

(2

+ i 2) --

+ i (

2).

+ i ) + (2 + i 2) + ... _. ( + i ) ='
-- 2 + ... + + i ( + yz + ... + ).
'. (53
(

I<1,

I<
I<
:.
.
,

. .

~
.

(4

. .

+ 3 ) + (-9-10 t)-(1-2 )=4-9-1 + i (3-10 + 2)=--5i

(11 +t)~(5-i) +(4-7 -:,,-5+ 4+(l +6-7)=10.' ......

(15-8 ) + (-12 + 13)-(3+ 41)= 15~12-- +j(~'8 ;,:(,-,,4=i.

,~.

2:30
'....,

'

[I(. Q .1

OlJl l\

1)

( +- 1).

(2

-+ i ) ..

1 -

-f-- i (

-+ i !) -

( 1

-f-- i ) + [( -

(2

2 )

+ 1

)]

, ;'

2 + .

1
2 .

: ,

'!I

('

.,

'

/I --

--

'- -,

-_
.
.
---

...

/::::.::::::::::::====-=-

_ ~

/. --_----------

--- . . _-.. .

..
.

Ko~eM

"

, ,

24.

2
.

. -

() , ,

Halje

. .

!).
1)

!z

.,ji- .

( .). I<,
; .
,
- Rlf:.
.
- .

231

2)

, 1

(!

+- i )

( + i ) + (.. 2

(2 + i Yz).

...

+(

2) ,
2

+- i l

"

-.-

i yz ":"

'

1 + "

+ i ,) + (

(!

i ) .

81.

( 1

( ) :':'

. ,

..

.
-

+ i ) (2

- -

i )

1 2

(3

l yz

+ i ( 1 2 + 2 ) .

+ 2 i) (4 + 5 i) = 2 + 23 i.

":"
t

1 (cos 1

+ i s~n ) 2 (cos iJ2 + i sin 2)

sin cPlsin 2+ i (sin COSrp2 + cos , sin (2)]
=

, 2 [cos COS 2

'

+ i sin !)' 2 (cos '2 + i sin ) - 2 [cos ( + (2) + i sin (, + '2)]'

1 (cos

+ isin ~1)' 2 (COS ~2 + isin ~,J' " (cos~n +isin ~) =

54)'1 2'" [COS (~1 + ~2 +.:. +~) + isin (~1 + ~2 + ... + ~)].
\ (CQS ~\

3 3

I<I< I< I<I<

I<

, . I<
.
I< .

+ i sin 4205' 36")12 (cos 19047'21" + i sin 19047'21") .

1512 [cos (420 5' 36" + 19047' 21") +isin (4205' 36" + 19047'21")]
= 180 (cos 61 052' 57" + i sin 61 52' 57").

15 (cos 420 5'36"

=

I<I< I<,
.
-

3HaI<Y
.

3I<

I<oje

.
.

I<I<I<. :

I<O-

+i-i

(cos ~

+ i sin~)

(CQS ~

i sin

).

:
. :

(+)(

55)

(cos

2
iY)=X +y2

+ i sin ) (CQsCP

i sin ) =.

. I<I<

h.

1,

' I<'I< I<,

: !.

2: .

-1:: ; 1:: ! -~- 1:= 2 ! '-r- 2'

1:: 2
.1: ! = ! '

2 ! ' .

-.

1 2 .

,,,,,

,I ' ' \

,,,

\
\

, ! 2'

\
.

\,

" l'

,.

,
\

",

,
,
,

,
/
,
, -

--

() ~ :..L-...L-..L-AJ!,.--::B':"'/--X

\ 2

1800

,
,,

'

25.

. .

1 , !
,
, .

Q.

54),

-)

-)

1800

(.
,

r (cos
i sin ),
r (cos 1800 i sin 1800), r

+

.
ri (cos ! + i sin CPl)

,'-

'.

'.

1 ( cos -I~ i sin ) . (.) ~I~ i

sin ) .'

' 1 (.) "11-" i sin ),

+- i si) . (s 1800 + i si 1800)r 1 [cos (:l +. 1800) +i si ( +- 1800)].

1 (.) (1

.,

:
,
l{ 11 R . ,

1 : , t

I{ao

I{,

, " ' 1 : I{2.

'
' .

I{OjOM

'.

82..

I{ -

JI:! .
,l

I<oJa

I{

+ = ( 1 +)(2 - )

i 2 ' (2 -f- i ) (2
i yz)

-----~-',-,-~---

-+

5 i (5 + ) (8 - 2 )
1
19 .
8+ 2 i ---:(8 -+-'2 i) -(8 - 2 i)= 20 + 40 1.
, ''

" ]

(cos 'fj_~il.JsilZe'fj) 1"1 (COS ' -1- i sin. (1 ) (CQSf.{i2:,isin,yz) __

{2( coi';;; i sin '2) ~ 2 (cos "2 -1- i sin <2) (; '2' , - ' sin 2) ,

cos

l COS <2

+- sin ' sincos2 -++-i (sin

cos 2
sin
'
2 2

" COS~l sin 2)

2 2

"''

,",'"

h
1"1

(cos ! + ~ si~ )

2 (COSCP2

1 szn '-2)

--

'1 -cos
(l
_

2) -t- i sin ('

2) (56

I(

24 (cos 670 18' 49" i sin 670 18' 49")

, "
,!,
1)
---- - - - - -----, ---,--- = 48 (cos 17053 33
, 5 (cos 49025' I " + i sin 49025' 1")
,
2)

"

1 sl

"

17053' 33 )

15 (cos 380 4' 52" - i sin 3804' 52" ) 1 5 cos 17021' 8" i sin 17021' 8"
! 2 (cos 1702 ]'S7!=isin 17021' 8(/) = 12cos 380 4' 52" 1- i sin 380 4' 52"
,

~ ( cos (- 20043' 44" ) + i sin (- 20043' 44" ) ]

=,

~- (cos 200 43' 44" -

- - 1"2

(cos

(cos

(2 i- i sin 2) .

i sin 20043' 44" ).

56)

+ i sin 1)

rcos (l

2 L

2) + i sin ('I

'
"

2)'

..

""

(cos

'+ i

sin

1) 1"20 (cos '2+

i'sin

(2);"

 1'1 cos (<f1 - <2) + sin (<f1 - '2)'

'2_

25.,

1 2 , 2

3 1 , 3 1 2'

1.

--

".

....

u.

'1
i sin.
?I) =
-- (cos <1 .
'2 (cos '2 -- i sin <2)

'_ (cos

<f 1

+- i sin <1) (cos <2

i sin

... '1 (cos <1 +i sin <1)' :2 [cos ( 21C

<2)

<f2) +-i sin (21 -

<2)1.

T1(COS<f1+isin<f1)
,

i sin

(21 -

<f )]

1
2

1 (cos <1 + ~s~n <1)

2 (cos <2

2.

u.

(2)+

[cos(27.:

}{

<2)

1 sm

}{ , }{

.
, .

83.

}{

... =

-t

}{

, <l

<2

... =

54)

.l.

<

(Abraham de Moivre,

237.

Vitry 1667
1754)
n
. [' (cos isin )]D=. r (cos i sin ). . (57

: -

Qll
.

-----

. .

fj ii

[r(coscp+isincp)]-n
1
[
=.

n
r (cos

(cos rp +i sin rp)]n

r-n(cosncp

'f

+ i sin )

isinncp)r-l1[cos( ncp)+isin{ncp)].

84. -

.

(cos rp
,

+ i sin )11

cos

+ i sin ,

cosnr.p= cosl1r.p
sin r.p =

(7

~J cosrr- 2 r.psin 2 r.p-i- ~ cosl1- 4 r.psin 4 r.p

l
1
cos -1

sin r.p

r.p

l
1
3
[~) cos -3 r.p sin '!

+ ...

(58
(59

(cos

i sin ) . (cos

-+- i sin .

238
..

85.

-.nf

=-

-'

r-:

57)

(-

r=

. . )
VRtCOS +lSZn . =R(s+isi),

I<

60)-

cos

+ l..SZN ,-

R- _COS ~1 ()1

+. Slll
. 1 <l)

;r-R-(-s--+ i sin ) ={R

<l
[R (COS)

.
.
l
SZN
+

'f )] 1
ct)

11

-
,

1)

[3,5 (cos 72024/17"

-

+ i sin 72024/17")]6 =

+ i S111 6 (72024/1711)] =

"

3,56 [cos 6 . (72024/17")

! 838,264 (cos 4340251 4211

+ [S1n 4340 251 42 11) =

1838,264 (cos 740251 42"

+ 1s 740251 42").

[1,8(cos2105 / 341' -; 1sin21 0 5/ 34 11 )]-3

- __ 2)

(- 3)(21 51 34")
i si (- 3) (21 05/3411)] =
/ 11
0,171 [cos(-63016 / 42") +isin(-630 16 42 )] _

1,8-3

[.)

630 161 4211 - 1S11163 016/42").

/ 11
0
[4,~(cos51029/3611 +1S[1151 29 36 )]7/4=
, 171(cos

3)

4,2714

cos~ (510 291 36

1f
)

12,322 (cos 900 6/4811

+ 1S1/1: (510 291 36

+ i sil1 9006/4811) =

12;322 (- cos 890 531 1211

-

1f

+ i sil189 0 531 12//).

2.39
8. 6.

.-

+ i sinr.p)

r (cos r.p

2'/t)

.R

~1a . _( h !l . ,

, .

r.p

+ 2 '/t .

, ,

r (cos r.p+ i sin r.p)

r.p

r [cos (r.p
)

+ 21t ) + i sin (r.p + 21t )]

OBal<O

(
l< - -

, )

, , ,

-h-012

l<

1.

),

---

--

--11-+-2
I

Iz

11=:

+1

-,

1
2

, I<,

, )
.

1, 2, ...

t t .
ijl< l\\
l<

Hel<a

! 2 ,

240
. . .
,

1,2, ., . . ..1

27t,

. .

2 7t h,

+ 2 7t h + 2 7t g,
2

h,

h2

h,

h2

< ,

g.

..

h,

h2

. ,.
.

> n. .

, ,
:

()

.
.

;
5

( ------:-:15;;-;:'83 + 12,67 i =?

1)

,. = (15,832

+ 12,672 =

20,27604

12,67
1267
tg 'f . - - 15,83 = - 1583
? = 1800 - 38040' 23" = 141 19' 37" .
,

60 ),

{---\--=5:-::,8=3--'+:---:\-=2-,6=7:-
5

= v'20,27604 cos 1410 19' 37"+ 11' 3600

+ i sin 141019' 37" + h' 3600

5.

= 1,825558 [cos (280 15' 55,4"

+h' 720) + i sin (28015' 55,4" + tz . 720)],

h;= 0,1,2,3,4. .

241

/1 =

V -15,83 + ]2,67 i
= ! ,825558 (cos 280 5' 55,4"
,
= ),607R89 - i- 0,864506 .

h= I

_L

i sin 280! 5' 55,4/')

c--;-:o-~---;---:--::-':o::':-::

V-~1-=--5,8

+ ]-2,617

= 1,825558 (cos 100015/55,4"

+ isin 100015'55,4")

= 1,825558 (- cos 79044' 46"

+ i sin 79044' 4,6")

= -- 0,325329+ 1,796340 i.

h= 2

5
{~1:=5-,8-""""3--C-+~IC'o:2~,
7

= 1,825558 (cos 1720 15/55,4" + i sin 172015' 55,4")

= 1,825558 (- cos 7044/4,611 + i sin 7044' 4,6")
= - 1,808949 + 0,245692 i.
, h =

{'-----1=-=5--;;,8""''-+-:12 ,7

, =

1,825558 (cos 244015' 55'

+ i sin 2440 151 55,4")

= ,825558 (- cos 640 15' 55,4" - i sin 54015' 55,41/)

=

/z = 4

0,792663 - 1,644490 .

5
v----I'-=5;--;,s=3-+'.,...-;-12=-,=7::-:i

= 1,825558 (cos 16015' 55,411

= 1,825 558 (cos 430 44' 4,611 -

=1,319056-1,262043

+ i sin 3160151.55,411)
i sin 430 44' 4,6")

-=-=~

'V 2,7635 =?

2)
', =

2,7635,

" =
16

242

+ h3 . 3600 + i si/1 + Iz.

3600)
3

___

_ 3___
(

~! 2,7635 = ~/ 2,7635 cos

= 1,403309 (COS 11 . 1200

11 =

+ i si/1l1. 1200),

!, 2.

Iz =

-~~

V 2,7635 = 1,403309.

Iz = 1 {2,7635 = 1,403309 (cos 1200

+ i sin1200)

= 1,403 309 ( - cos .600

+ i sin 600)
.

+ 1,215 300 i.
1,403309 (cos 2400 + i sin2400)

= - 0,101 654

~~
~' 2,7635

/1 = 2

= 1,403 309 (- cos 600 - i sin600)

= - 0,701654- 1,215 300.
4

3)

4

3749 -

{= 37,49= ?
= 37,49, rp = 1800,
4

/'3--749 (

+
Iz, 3600 + .. 1800 + , 3600\
. 4
.
1 Sl1Z
2
.'
.

1800

cos.

= 2,474451 [cos(45 0

h=

+ Iz . 900) + isirz (450 + Iz, 900)1

1, 2, 3.

4c _ _ _~

V - 37,49 = 2,474451 (cos 450 1- i sin45 0)

= 1,749701 1,749701 .

4._~_

11= 1

V- 37,49 = 2,474451 (05 1350 + i sill 1350)

=

2,474451 ( - cos 450

= =2

1,749701

+ i sill 450)

+ 1,749701 i.

4c._=~

V - 37,49 = 2,474451 (cos 225() + i si1l2250)

=

2,474451 (- cos450 - i si1l450)

= -1,749701-1,749701 .

243

"

11=3 ,(=37,49=2,474451(cos3150+1si/1"3150)

= 2,474451 (cos 450 - i s1/1450)

1,749701-1,7497011.

V~5-=-80=-,4=7-1 =

4)
=

583,47, rp = 900

3/-583 47 . _ ~-583 47 (

,1 -

,cos

900

= {~58 ,47 (cos (300

h=

+31I . 3600-

1 sm

900

+3Iz . 3600)

+ h . 1200) + i sin (300 + h . 1200)],

1, 2.

f1

~(583,47 i = 8,356 150 (cos 300

+ i sin 300)

= 7,236637 + 4,178075 .

11 =

--

+ i sin 1500)
cos 300 + i sin 300)

"--;-;::;-:

1/ 583,47 i = 8,356 150 (cos 1500

.

= 8,356 150 ( -

= -7,236637 + 4,178075 1.
3

h = 2 {583,47 i = 8,356 150 (cos 2700

+ i sin 2700)

= - 8,356 ] 50 .
u.

60)

zn+

n __

Z=V+C

( :

r (cos <

+ i sin <)

n _ _ _ _ _ _ __

=Vr (cos <

+ i sin ~).
16*

244

Z211+

z!1

+q

Z I1=-

. f 2
t2- -q

,~-----~~===-===-

fp
t2

z=

-q.

z5-(-15,83,-12,67i)

Z4

87.

, z

37,49

COS

=t

i, 21th+ l. sm
. -,--'
(+2:.
--'-~-

rc
I

2':h 1
1 sm lCOS
-

l'

21t111

1 sm ---

COS
IcOS

I
I

rr,

.-.- i sin
1

cos 27:/1

1,1

i sin 2 1t h

+ i sin n~ (1

60)
n _ _ _ _ _ _ __

I r (cos

r.p

! i sin ~) =

--+--

i sin

11

./1.

l<opeHe.

~O,

fCOS

z3-2,7635

583,47 i

245

_______

+ i sin 0/)

,/ r.(cos 'f

,.

), Jlii

h=

{.

lZ

: -

(
)

-\:}

lZ

(1.

I;=----(--S-9 +'i sin 'f) = ;r--(-~S-7-+--i-S-l---.) {-1

{;:-

..

cos 'f

+ i sin 0/

{ - 1,

<ZJI,eAyj~ !1. -

r (cos 'f

+ i sin rp)!<aA

( ) -
3

r(cos rp

+ i sin rp)

(--

~'

1. -

V. '1' .

l<aI<.

..

,------_

3I

_8

--

V1 V

1.

] r

246

(1.

60 ) .

88.
r=l, rp

-1
/

61)

86.

1 =cos

21th+ . . 21th

lsm--

v1

1.

1, 2, 3, ...

. ,

r;r.

sm--=O,

21t11

=-

ng
=g1t h = 2 '

1,

g
g

g = 1,

h=

11 = 2'

' h = ~ ,
. ,

.
,

. :
.
,

, 1

' "". ' . '

61)

..

'. "'"

h .---

...

'

h == 2'

. "

247

+ i sin = 1
cos ~ + i sin = - 1.

COS

,
,

, , 11 ,

: COS

1,

+ i sin .

'cos . -- i sin

I<

.1-1

h = h ), V
h. =

TaKofje

"

h ---

=-= cos

1 SZN

21 (

= cos

+. . 2

2 'it ,

-1

3 ,

= cos

1, 2, ,

, -

.'

...

1.

COS .

0+ i sin

'it

11

).

2
~
1 szn

21-

21

'.
2
1,
f
sin 127:t

'

2 ~ 1
1 szn
.
'.'

-I

h = ,
h = 1,

27': h , . . 2'['; h . , , . ' 1 "

= cos 2 --- 1 sm 2 -. COS 'r. h -;-- 1 SlfI

+ i sin =
V ] = cos" + i sin =

_r __

V I - cos
'-

'r.

.3(-

27':

v 1 = cos

2)

h = ,

l'

I
--,1. " '

.27':

1 sm
.' ,

1)

_ - - 0 . . ._ _--"-

2 1 l ,
= cos
--

1)

--:--

' , '

vT' cos + i sin = 1

'"

248

(~

'-,
'
-I+l\ 3
0
0
11= I,/ 1 =cosI20 --;- isinI200=-cos600+isin60 =
2 '

/'--

= 2, 1 = cos 2400

..
1 sm

'

2400 = - cos60 0 -

. .
1 sm 600 =

.
2",
t 1 = cos 4 4

{ =- "cosO
4,

~o

1 =---= cos
-
2 ~
I

/1=3"

..

"'/z'
i sin h

1 Sln-- -

'2

+ i sill '"

{ ' cos :
(V 1

f't"'"

j~

'-2---'-'

-+ i sin =)

.(

fz = 2,

';;
= cos 2

. . 2",11
1 sm - 4'

__

(~,

lz =

,-

1 - ' 1. .-'

, .
)

-1
3;-

+i sin '2- -~ -

cos 2

'

89. -l'.

r -~ 1,
1.; -

86.

1:
'

{1

..' ,.

' =

(2)

)
,

(l'+2):;+ ... (1+2):

= cos -

sm

--

n,..---_

Rojer {

1, RaA -

cr

1, 21' 3, .:. il 1.

.
.

RopeHY

-,
\

sin +~ h)r.
,

.-

' -'

1,

249
g . . ~a

h TaKo~e
- 1
g
1. g
1
II
1
/z -- 2
, h.
(~~

cos

7:

+ i sin 7:

-l
.=.

----::-

N.l{.

. _ _

V1,

:.

...

1,

Hel{a

O~

1 .....,.... htTaKoije

.l

.- .

1).2, 3,

..

111

- 1-

,
,

[1
t
h
)} '1'.:' . I
,
2
(11.
l
cos -' -'-'--'-'--"-'-----..;.,'-"--

[1
+.
2
( - 1- . I.)] 1r:
1 sm'
. . .:. '
.

~:~.-'-~

"------'-~~-

.'

,-

;.

..

..

250

. '.

~.

eos

+ 2 l)

(1

7::

+
2 l)
-[ sm.
(1

..

7::

1)

+ 2 h)"-tlsm (1 + 2 h)-;

I
(
- =cos

'V-I=s900+fsf9(){

-I,

2)

[.

V-

1 = cos 2700 -1- f sin 2700 = -.

.r

V -

cos

+ 32 ) '" i

(1

~/ - 1 = cos 600 l ' i sin 600 =

3;--0-

V-

I.l.. . '/3
I

+ i sin 3000 =

1.

+2);+
.
.
(l+2);
~ = cos 1 sm --'--:--"--4
4
4
1 I
(-1 = cos 450 + i sin 450=
11 2

_;.1 ..

=,

1
l
0
V-1 = cos I5 +isi 1350= - cos450+isin450= -r .
.~' 2
4

1,

11= 2,

1-- ~ (3

cos 600.- i s in 600-

4/

3)

I = cos 30()

+3
2 11) "
-

(1

V - I = cos 1800 + i s 1800 =

1,

=2,

sm

'.

. .

'.

v-1'. S2250+isi2250=-S450-iSi1l450=-;=l.
.
.
. 2
v-1 == cos 3150 + i sin 3150.
= cos 450 - f sin45 = I-;-l.
'
2
4 '

=3,

90. Cotes-osa
.
60) n.

86.

r e , tp

He~aje. :

'

'.' I{ . ' .

. '

-,

--

'

251

1)

==,

cos

2 '/;.,

. . 2

' ;.
lSZn

=-= ,f,cos _4_,," + i sin _4 ""I

,.

,
,

2)

4"7:

2" cos .... --!

'

r, ...

x2~.

(-2)'

2 rcos---

II

--

= ". cos 2 7t + i sin 2 ""'

4'7:+
.
.
41t
= r cos
I.SZn .
.

{ -

/1

1)"7:

-- r cos -'----~

'f? " .'

'.

"4 ~ . '.

2 r cos :

-~."',

+ ':.,..

+ 1..SZN ( --1) 7:1

'
,

'-

-'
( -J)i'
....;
-.. 2 f!iOS ; - .
.2

2!'2

"

(
,

NI0fY ' .

"

'

"

"

... "

26.

'

A~

,,.-

i . .

I<oje

" 2

082
=

r-

+- 2 "
')

OPcosBOA

21t'

- 2 r cos '

'i

'
.

" ' '

2
IX' -

2 r cos --

1!!

'

4"

'

," +x~2 xcos.

,
fl'
2

, . ', ',
~

2<;::

:,

."

, I(. 1;

AI{Q .

.r
+
PA
2
'"!'Ef' ;' -
G'f

1
,

253
PA~PA!.

,n ,

. .

I1 Cotes-OBOM

(Roger Cotes, [Leicester] 1682 Cambridge 1716): -

l , ,

RPyr

, -

I{ 1.l :
) .

=.1(1-f- 2 )
V cos
.

(1-+- 2 ) 'r.
'

..
11

ij

lsm

86.

--L' .
I

'it

-.
11

4.
.

91.

r .

(.
mm t1

+ m

. -

{{

I{ ,

l{:

2.54

+ i . IZ

+ . ~ i }'"
-

'1

..

e"+iy

l{

) . fl : ~jy
IZ .
I{ IZ

iy
e+

lim

m=

111

-'-.----0-

m.

+ +

+ i sin '),

r(cos 'f

lm

r cos 'f

= '" sin

tJ)
I

10-

l+ +

iym

lim,m
m=

lim

= r (cos

m=

")
'f +
1 sm
'f .

+ m

m.

'-.

m=

IZ 'f IZ

1+ ~,

r cos 'f .

255

) ) 2 = 1!I -1

21t.

,
(

.. )

d)

2 .

=-'

( ,

),

lim

. I

l"l ml2n

I1

='

lim 1 +!l

,
,

l'

/117~: II + I1 = , d) :: = .
n=

) )

SlnCf
cosCf

.1

256

. [. sin
-Im
. = 1,
9=0

r.p

:o=OCOsr.p

-- 1>

l r.p - - .
m=-'

) ),

e,:+iy

lim f11

m=oot:

i Yl

lim m (cos r.p

m=:

+ i sin r.p).

64)
. -64) ai{
-

1)

22

2 - 1 2'

Z,

eXl(cosY1+isinJJ), e '
Z

'(S2+isin)

eZ'e

Z
,

'

+ ' (cosY1-!-isin1) (S2+isin)

-- ' , [cos (1 + 2) i

i sin

=e(x, +x,J+i(Yl+Y,J = eZ, + Z,.

-

(!

+ 2)]

257

2)

2" .

+2koi.

ex+iy

eX+i(y

+2k;)

(eos

+ i sin ) =.

+ iy ,

92.

: -

+ i

+ i .

[eos

+i

(cp+2k'Jt) +isin (cp+2k'Jt)],

x-f-iy

[eos

91.
(

+2k'Jt) +isin (cp-f-2k'Jt)]

+ i ) - - 1 + i -+- 2 k

V 2 + 2,

1 (

1 (

1: [,

rp = tg ,

+ i )

2
~ 1 (

+ 2)

17

258
,

x+iy

27: i.

, .

+ i ,

( + i ) - ~

+ 2) + i tg ~ .

-~ i , i

- tg .

. 3

W1

+ l W2
lw 1,

66)

64)

2 7: i.

.
.

91.

r eos If + i sin If
(
l eos If i sin r.p

i '{'

e- i ,{"

,
eos If =
67)

IW2, ,

~ -

(W 1 W 2),

93.

ei"'+e- iy

I . , e
l. sm '. =

l '{'

e2!'

19

259

1 e2i ,?
i 2 i<p

tg r.p =

.
.

66)

+1.

67)

I<

+ cos ( + ) + cos ( + 2 ) +... + cos [ + ( -- 1) =

sin + sin ( + ) + sin ( + 2 ) + ... + sin [ + ( - I)] =)',

cos

+ iy =
=

e1a[l

=e

ia

ei(a

~+

+ )

eib

! (+2 )

+... +

+ ( -1) ]

ei[a

+ e2ib + ... + e(nZ-1)i]

" 1 _ qnZ

e za

[l_,.q+q2+ ... +qnZ-1]

l-q

)1-(cosb+isinb)11l
."
=(cos + 1 Sl I
" .
-cos -lsm

__ (
. + . " ) (1 - cos ) - i Sil1
cos 1 s 111 (' -cos )'
. " ~
-lSlJl

18

2.2.)

1"2"
Sl

m
cos-=2
2

" "m
Sl11 2 Sl11 2 -

""
l sm ) ~

(.

19

2
2 sin 2 2 - i 2 sin 2 cos 2

-" (cos

21.)

m
"2
2 Sl11 -- -

"
(
+".)
cos

Sl11
+
1

(.

~ . .-._--..

"
"
Sl 2 " Sl11 2 -

"

cos 2

"

"

cos 2

.I

. 17*

260
.nz

m+

2 cos 2
x+iy=(cosa+isina) .

sm 2 cos 2
Sl/1

. . m

2 .
'
2

1 SlIl

1--'-'

1 Sll7

54

81.

56

82.),

+ ( -

2 (
i -= . ) cos
sm:2 '
Sl11

lSl11

(. .

..

=--

75.)

Sll1

, . . - + ( - 2
1) - I
' \.

1)

cos

Sll7~

( -1)

(I)

2
b sin

.Sll1

+ .-;

sm-i

94.

'' n

n.

67)

2 s r.p =

( i 9

+ -

i 9)",

(2

[)

sin" r.p

( i 9 -

- i 9)11,

, ,

2 n cos n

ei 9 +

+- in \'
=

2 cos

r.p +

'{

!)I =

+ ~J e (
e-i(~-2) \' + (~ e- i
ei (11 -

7cos (

2) 9

- 4)?

(n-4) \'

2) r.p

+ [~cos(n

+ .. .
+ .. .
4) r.p

+ ... ,

al<

eil1~

...

[71~i(11-2),?+l~i(I1-4)?

i ~il1,?+[71-i(I1-2)?+[~ e- i (-4)+

...

I u,

l
1
cos 'f =. 2}'-I'COS 9 + ';) cos ( [~J cos (

4) 'f

+ , +~

2) 9

.~

(68

11
sil1" '

(_1)2
=

211-1

COS

(]

-ll cos (

2) 'f

+-

11
( l

(
l2 cos - 4) 'f -

(1)2"'

(69

2.
3 u
l1

cos 'f

1
211-1

~]

l2J cos (

COS

'f

4) 9+ +

1 COS (11

2) 'f

,
COS

2
sin" 'f =

( . 1)

211-1

2..

SZN

1.

. 1 sin (

(68

. . .: ; '-

2) 'f

262

~ sin(n_4)rp __ ... +(_1)Il;-I _ 1 sinr.p.

69)

95.

67)

--

+ i ,

67),

COS (

+ i ) =

e(x+iy)i

II

+iv

e-(x+iy)i

+ iy) =------2-i---'

sin (x+iy)=

70)
cos(x+iy)=

e-.(X,-iy)i

e(x+iy)i _

sin

+-

. --

smx + l

eY+e-

'

COS

.eY--

COSX-l

smx,

70)

lj

sin (

+ i ) =

70)

ei(x+iy)

70):
e-i(x+iy)

2i '

- e ix

. e - ix

2i

263

= -
____ (cos + isin )
_

=-

Sl!l

';

+-

= -

.
Sln

. .

2i

. cos

. l

i sin )

eY--

(cos

_ __ _

cos .

+ i ).

cos

70)

tg(x+iy) =

eY+e-

Sln

-+-

- 2

cos

- 2

';

.eY--
l
2
.

l -

+t

cos
2

cos

-.

Sln

- 2

sin x

- 2

----:20:-'--

2 .

2 + - 2

. ----4

2 _

e 2Y +e- 2

2 (2

- 2

+
sin
2 sin 2 + i (
- )
= + - + 2 cos 2 .
4

cos

+ i ---4.,---2
2
4 (cos

cos
2

)+ 4.

2
--- ( cos 2 XTSln

+ sin ) :-

(cos
2

sin cos

Sln

2 )
-_ Sln

264 .
96. ..
.
,

. 70) ..
tp,

I1-
, u .
tlVl ..

h
.
r szn tp =
71)

cos
tg

1..

--=-

2 ,:,

2 '

71)

1. tg 1. '

'

~----;:2

' +-'

cos 1 tp

tp

cos

72)

SZN 1 '{

1'--?

1
1.

71)

'

-1- sin

72)

tp - - + '
.
.

[(cos tp +- sin ') (cos '+ sin ~) (cos tp sin tp) (cos ~ I sin ~)] : 2
= sin cos + cos sin ~
.

(. sin ('; + ~)
73) {
l cos ( + ~)

cos I1

(-

~).

sin ' cos ~ + cos sin

cos cos ~ + sin ' sin

: =~,

74)

f sin
{

2 = 2 sin

l cos 2 tp

COShyp2 tp

cos
sin 2 '.

1 apfYMeHTa l ~jn :
cos -
-- 1 t
71).
.

2 :.

si :

1,

3l{:

-? ==

.? =

\1

sin

2 ?

+V

- ?

1.

1
,

l{ ? 1-- {:2, -- 1 (1
2).
3 cos -
?
-1'

. 1)
[7
.
1
2 ?
1,
21 ( 1) =- 2 . cos --1
l{ ::

1,

I{ ?

+ -?

+1

2 ?

, oa~

si

[7:

cos 2

sln 1 (1 - (2)

I{

(75

cos -.. .
- ,
1

l{

-_

I{pal{OM

, -

--

1.

(. . . .

104.

Hel{a

'--~ -....:".i---:X

86.).

2 '

1) -1 =
(k=O) 1(-l)=i..

27.

; (2k+ 1) < -

,-

.,

266
"

1 2 1 =

!(+)

--

!(+)

=1

(. . .

37. 2.

1 (

+ )

( -- ! (,11

+ + )
2

[(+ (

1),

(1 ~- 2 + =

',

-9

= sin hyp

e'P+e-"
= -----,,----.-- = cos hyp
2

.
sin hyp
cos hyp rp

=1

OQ

tg hyp q.>

1.

(.

. l{oHcTaTyjeMo
I<
(
) ,

d sin hypcp
d cos hyp

cos.hyp . d rp
sinhyp . d

siz

eos -

cos

---

.d

sin . d

d
d tg qJ -- --

cos

2.

.
l

sin rp

Z ( -1-

V2 + 1)

+ v2
are tg' rp =! i 1 + rp
2 1
are eos rp

1 (

1)

1
(76

'

.
. .

tg

are sin , are eos q>,

dtp

are sin tp =

--tp2

v +1

dtp

are cos tp =

tp2

are tg

tp

dtp

tp2

.
are sm

() --I

("

arecostp =

are tg

tp

dtp

{l

tp2

dtp

(l
d(J)

+ '2

tp2

{ . .
. 1. 1.
,
q
-+~ 1, h . . 8. 1.
. ,

, . ,. 4.

. ~
h

sin rp
0,0
0,1
02
,
0,3
04
,
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
16'
,
1,7
1,8
1,9
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
4,5

0,0000
0,1002
0,2013
0,3045
0,4108
0,5211
0,6367
0,7586
. 0,8881
1,0265
1,1752
, 1,3356
1,5095
1,6984
1,9043
2,1293
2,3756
2,6456
2,9422
3,2682
3,6269
6,0502
I(),I79
.,16,5426
' 27,2899
45,0030

cos ! rp

tg rp

1,0000
1,0050
1,0201
1,0453
1,0811
1,1276
1,1855
1,2552
,
1,3374

0,0000
0,0997
0,1973
0,2913
0,3800
0,4621
0,5371
0,6044,
0,6640
0,7163
0,7616
0,8005
0,8337
0,8617
0,8854
0,9052
0,9216
0,9354
0,9468
0,9563
0,9640
0,9866
0,9951
0,9982
0,9993
0,9998

I,431

" 1,5431
1,6685
1,8107
1,9709
2,1509
2,3524
2,5775
2,8283
3, \075
3,4177
3,7622
6,1323 '
10,0677
16,5728
27,3082
' 45,0141

'

269

sin l7 '

,
5,0
5,5
.

97.

cos I '

gt l7 '

74,2099
122,3480

74,2032.
122,3439

0,9999
.----' 1,0000

Jl .

l{ao

i] , , ,

i] .

aresin , sin u

TOM~ u =~ sin

( 1

V1

tg

V1

, eos u =

2 , tg u

' eos

V1

" ~

!.

V1
2
=-~ - sin = tg -_

eos = sin { 1-

2
:

(77
-

tg =

. S1l1 . f --===:=-:.V 1+
2

eOS. f
V

7:

1--+-

=2 -are.eotgx.'
,

(sin

eos

27:,

tg

eotg

7)

i:

S1l1
eos
tg arceotg

1) I si

7.:+(
27.:+
n~

1t +

eos

.,

tgx

Iar,ecotg

fI

(78
. '. , ,
. ,

,-

210
l< )I<

l<

79)

sin ( ) = - sin
eos (
)
7
eos
tg (
) = - tg
eotg (- ) = - eot~ .

l<aA

+ v) =sin eos v + eos sin v

sin (
eos(u

+ v)

tg (

+ v)

eos

e~s

v + sin sin v

tg tg v
.1+ tgu tgv

sm

Slll V

eos v

"

+ v)
+ v -- sin + sin

Tal<o

sin

(1
(1

eos

l<

(l

2,

2,

+ ,/1-

sin ( (( 1

Slll

Slll

, l<

2).

i+yVl

y2+ Y Vr1

2
)

areeos(xY+I/1~2(i

yZ)

=aresin(x(l
80) {areeosx+areeosy

arcsinx+areeosy

sin(xy

+(1

= cos (YV1

r~fi

i)

+ {l il

2l
---

tg

-+:: are cotg = are eotg +

1.

98.

-f-- i

z.

95.

eiz -1-- e- iz

eos z=

.
e
sm.z -

e- 1Z

'Z _

iZ =

eos z i sin z
)
}
e-iz=eosz-isinz.

sin z

iz

l(eosz+isinz),

sin

-. Z (i

II =

----2
1

+v

'1)

7:1

-i '

1i =

,
:-'

sin II = ~

ri ( V
-+-

(
. u -- -27C+I
are sm
z II

1)

65)

1i=

1) ,

V II

1(2

--

eos II = 2 - are sin

,
92.

1; .

1) .

II (. .

= , =

77

[(

..

272
.

97.)

. eos u =--=

1t

:.1 ( + (~2 -- 1)

eos u =

1"

2iz

I?
1 ( u TV
- -)

1) .

l+ifgz
1 i tg z

' -

fg z =

.1
l+ili)
fg u -=:.. 2 i 1 1
{'

ij !{

"

Sll1

eos u =

81)

tg

1
(
1 . (2
u = . 2 "{ 1 u I V U 1t

II =

+ il( u + V

1)

1 P+iu)
2 i 1 ll- i '

u.

2 1t i (. . 92.).
, . 81), are sin
eos

2 ,

tg

eotg
,

273

5.
.
..

99.

HaPAah- .

, .
,

(1
,

q, r,

()

1)

Qy+R

(III

(IV

+ r.

u+v.

~a

+ v)

+ v + v ( + v)

V)
(.

+v)

-18

274
, )'

. ,

(I

h.

( ) , (

II)

.
.

VI)
Q

VI) v =

=~.

+ R =

'

I<

R+
2

R
2

'

h .

!(

VI)

(V

R+
2

R
2

I<oje

I<

I<
3

I<opeHa ~,

-1+iV
-1
iv 1)
1, u. =
2
' u. 2 =
_2
. HeI<a

,
v { {v- , u. 2, V , v (. 2.
v, V),

1)

. .

87.

88. 2.

275

. 1
.

VI),

U 0.2

(1.

uv

V,

u (1

V (12,

t.

III)

u +v

(III

u (1

2+ V

(1

u+v
2

V)

V.f

, ' V), t.

1II)

t.

1(

1)

-~+

100,

[)2

(2

fQI

------;::=======

+ t +

-2-

QP

(IX

t. 1(-

10

. R 2Q 3
.2

fR
l2

21

>0

( 1501 - 1576).
.

1)

Geronimo Cardano
18*

2,76;'"
.
._~

- -

- I<OpeHa I<ao

rR

1.

v =

R
~2-

I< V).

- V)
~

=-2

2
~

).

TaI<o

I<ao -

I<

I<OpeHa

I<OpeH. 1)

irredacibilis).

(casus

I< .

1 1.

1)

.
-

277

/{-

uv=-Q
u+v

(VI

/{-

(),

- ,

VI)

~. (cos + i sin )
(

v-=

- Q (cos ' i sin ')l)

VI)

_.

~. cos ,2)

'--

f QP
l

(XI

1) , , i = V - 1. . RR ) . VJ) ,.
lj ~3il .- VI).
,
2) 0 113 v3 11 V - , 83.

27.8

XI)

R
2

..

~.-;:=====,
Q

r
l-

cos 3
R2

< 1.

R<
2

<

Q)

Q
3

> ,

>

R 2
2

'

_Q)

3 ' cos 3 < 1.

"

t t

+ 3600,

XI)

+ 2 . 3600,

+ 3 . 3600,

. . .

, ), .

~ cos

Q'
cos "( + " 240 ).

XII)

279

102.

1.

- I 2

= - 1, q = 37, t =

37 - 52 =

-~

52.

II)

, 10

=---

IV)

="2' R=_74
'
27

VII)

II _743 27 -.

'(274)2
(")3
27 + 33
37 + {37 2 + 113
88,961524
=
27
27

--'--~'='-

3V -

74 _
2. 27

r
(
'
,
74 )2 , ( 1 I )3
V 2 27 , +3' 3

37 - {37 2
27

+ 1 \

14,961524
27
'

88,961 524 = 4,4641 U2 = 1 488034

27
3
'

-14,961524 =
27

v=

'

"

= 0,666 7 =

VIII)

2,464102 = _ 821367
' 3
"
'

280

2=

1
-3

+ [.{
2
309
40
I
'
'
1
+
2
.
2',
= -3
[

v2 .

. ' 2' 309 4 I = -' ~1 - l'[

= - -1 - [

'

'

10

I=-+

2 =

2.

(-

=4

~ + 2 i ) + 1= 3 + 2 i
,

'

7 2

= -7, q = 7, r = 15. 3 II)

+ 7 + 15 =

7 .
=+

- 2"8

160_
+ 27 -,

IV)

=_
28 R= 160
Q
3 '

27 .

(~)2 + (~)3 < !{-

XI)

-160 '.
cos 3? =--7''''''';''''''=""","=
2.27 '

80
-{28

281
.

'log28 = 1,4471580
log (283 =

log 80 = 1,9030900

~ .1,4471580

= 2,1707370
283

log cos 3 tp = 9,732 3530 ()

3'

= 1800 + 570 ]9' 11,3" = 2370 ]9'11,3"

!}

= 7906' 23,8"

'2

= 1200

+ 'l =

19906' 23,8"

'3

= 2400

+ tpl =

31906' 23,8".

l = ~
=

log2 = 0,301 0300

(28 cos 7906,' 23,8"

log ( 28 = 0,723 5790 .

--;:--3

log 2 (28 = 1,0246090

log cos 790 6' 23,8" = 9,276 4207
log2 (28 cos 7906' 23,8" - 0,3010297
2 (28 cos 7906 i 23,8" =2

2 =

; (28 cos 19906' 23,8"

= -

{28 cos 1906' 23,8" . l?!!. cos 1906 23,8" =9,975391

I

1
---=3

=;

log 2 { 28 = 1,0246090

log 2 (28 cos 1906' 23,8" = 1

2;/28 cos 190 6123,8" = 10

(28COS31906'23,8"

log2~(28= 1,0246090

= ; (28 cos 400 53 36,2"

log cos 40053' 36,2" = 9,878481

.8 .
3

log 2 (28 cos 400 53' 36,2" =0,9030900

2 {28 cos 400 53' 36,2" = 8.

282

6 , 2, !1l\

='3

+3

= 3

2 = -

10
3

7
3 = -,-- 1

= 3

+3

=5 .

1
,

1.

103.

u
.

cos "'(
cos
. cos ~

+ cos ~
+ cos 1.
+ cos ..

..

CD

(82

. ll
D
.

28.

BCD

,.

+ DA ,

BD

~os ~,+

cos

284

h:
,I

hj,

,,

,
,

~~

'

L_____ . _..~\~._-L\_-::---L'-~

28.

29.

' : '
,

r1.

29.,

-- D
=

, ,

CD

AD
~

cos

cos

+ cos ,

' - ' .

cos (180

'

''

, .,
;

:
.
. .
. l1t
lj

(.

79.),

, . t .

, ,.
. ',

.
.

..

'

Q.1l , c:paH~.
,

104.

. ~.

285
:

: :

sin

sin

sin

: sin

: sin

(83

lJ.

sin

(. .

28.

ACD

BCD

29.)
.h

sin

lJ.

.
szn

lJ.

.
.
szn

sin

sin

: sil1

.:

. sin

sirz ..

.
t :
1)
.

, lJ.

asin
=
sirz lJ.
,

sirz

(lJ.

+ ),

= ~Zn_j_

szn

'

szn

2)

(.

'1800

lJ.

+ [3),

sirz

lJ.

'

, t

. , ..

,

286

sin =

sin

(.

sin

+ [3)

szn u.

.
,

sin

sin (1800

13)'

caMU sin u.
,
sin .
, sin
1. sin u.

<;

>

>

1800
sin u.

<

1,

900,

900,

< ,

sin

, , ,

]:

<

, u.
.
: ( ,
,
u.) .
.

1)

>

u.
.
.

2)

>

u.

> .

> u..

, ,

287

"

"

< sin

( - ,

sin

):

"

"
"

"

"
105.

sin

< <

"

--

>

( );
,
.

' 1

)!lij .

:
-- +

--

2bccosu.
2 cos ~
2abcosj.

(84

1. . . 28. 29.

= -

cos ,

BD

( .

BD

( .

28.)'

29.)

DA BD c+AD.
DA
cos , AD
cos (1800

.)

BD '

cos .

sin

cos

.)2

sin~

2 cos .

288:.

2.

sin .~ .

cos

sin

cos

t
.

u . .t
. \10 fi :
t
, t

1)

. al\O
t "'(

- (2+2

2abcos"'(.

~
. l\
.

. .
,

2)

,
. 84),

cos +

2
2
cos +
2

I\pate

cos

+ (2

2 sin 2.

, ,

, .
( ),
2

!
2 sin 2 , .
sin .

(
),
sin ,
-- COS ( ).

<

( ),

sin

>

sin 2

, .

-- 2

cos

. ( 2. u
. 104.)
)

84.)
2

cos

+
=
2

1
(84

. ,

<2, +
2

<2,

< 2 ,

+ > , + > , + > .

ld

19

290

. 2
2
2 ~-- ,
(.
900.
.

1.

- .

:
: -

sin (. : sin ~ sin ..

sin u. :sin ~ - sin .

sin

(~ + )

u. --

sin

2 sin

sin ~

+ sin

sin ~

sin

sin ~

~ t cos ~ -~

+2 cos ~ 2

cos ~ 2 sin. ~ 2

85)

t
. sin ~ t
cos

: cos [3

: sin ~

.
,
.
+
(.

: + -- cos
2 : cos
I

,
:

: +
:

sin

"+.

2 ': sin

cos u.

u.
2
2

~: cos(J. 2

.
u.+~
.
-- sm
: sm
. 2
<

u.
1)

[3

U.

291

Bralldall MoIIweide
Leipzig 1825.),

(Wlfl1l

1774.

[[[

()

(l)

. ()
.

. - ,

.
~ i h, h
85),
,

cos

sin ~

1"'

2
+--
-I+'
cos 1"' i
2

---

. f+,'
sm 2

107.

85)

, ,

I
i
I

-+
:
I

=t
'+(1.t
i .

g 2 . g 2

(86

. 'I

19'"

292

. :

n-

n .

. h
h

. h -
, h

+ .~ =

180

'"(

b
--+

]]

t -

108. .

tg

CJ.+~

86) .

sin . sin ~
cos . - -
cos

sm CI. sm '"(
~
cos CI.

cos ,"(,
, , tg CI. h
sin ~
sm '"(
tga = .
tg .
Q ,

cos t-'

cos '"(
~ '"(

I tg CI.
87)

tg

sin 1'3
cos ~
sin -
cos
sm CI.
cos CI.

--

tg
0

---

asm
'
"
(
-
cos
sin .
cos .

sin ~
cos

(.

tg . = AF

30).
ACF

i,

...

CF

-=---tI

'
,<1.

!~

,
.
":.1-/ .

><'

..

, '"

,,,. ,,,,,

BCF,
CF=

sin~,

FB

......

... ":"'"

~
:

"

, ,

F
30.

= cos~,

l{

sin
~
tg . = -~- - -;:;'.

cos

tg u.

. =
tgU'=AE

' =aSll1j,
.

COS ,

t
g

rJ. __ ,.._

szn

cos r'

tg ~ tg l'

u.
87)
,
86),
t (. , )
(. ).
.

109.

Bet,

!{ .
,

294
-84) ,

, ,
,.

u.
cos -2 =

+ cos .)

2 (1

2 c+b +c -

(
,

( -~-

-i--

------

)(
-

+
._---_._.

+ + =- 2 s,

= su.

cos -2 =

cos . =

88)

cos .... =

a+b--

s (s

'

s (s

s (s -

----'--:---'-

s,

295

,-.;2
szn

21(1

cos .) ,

cos

.,

,-~---------

=
,

(s

(s -

=s-c,

'

sin

~=

sin 1=
2

(s

- ) (s

(89

(s-a)(s-b)
-"----'---0----<-

89)

88)

296
" r';'"
--~.-

ft

(s

g-

s (s

(s

1- -

(s

(s

(s

r--------

(s

90)\tg~

tg

(s
)
. - ----- --- =
s (s
)
s
)

(s

(s

s (s

(s

-(

(s

(s

2'.
Sl!1:2

Sl!1 tJ. =

tJ.

cos 2 '

88)

, ,

89), t
88), 89) 90),

Vs (s

) (s

) (s

iSin~=c2aVS(S

a)(s

b)(s

sin
91 )

110. -

ope~eH

\ Me~y .
~ ( _
)
.

297
al ,

, . I{

I{ .
,

",

) I{ I{

Sll1
----

..
. -

sin fJ

SZN '(

-_.-

--

+~+,

1800, .

1800.

:. l{ h
.

(~+,),

1800 -

l{

sin

l{aA

+ ) =

(~

sin

sin

si!z

sin~,

~ COS

sin

+ COS ~ sin
! , , ,

..

!{ ,

. =-= cos

Tal{O

COS

[3,

82)

103 .

. "
)
,
'

COS .

COS (

= -

+ .)

(1 , sin ~ Vl
2

COS ~ COSj

sin
2

+ sin ~ sin ,

+ sinf;sin r
,

"


.0

Jcos

-sin 3 sin

)2 =

sin 2 3) (1- sin 2),

(l

({, ( )
,

sin (1.

sin ~ = - - - ,

.
sm
smy=

cos .

105.
)

I{

84)

({

cos
= cos
cos 13

+ cos ~
+ cos r
+ cos .

1
.

__

-,

cos (1.,

3 . )

COS

r=

cos

, . ),

cos ~

cos ),

. ),

299

sin 2 [3 __

1800,

.
SlJ1

'
"~=:
Sll1

"

sin 2 .

( .

,)

, ,

u.

sm u. = _sm
. '

'~

1'"'
.

+,

t,i,

Sll1 ,

u.

+ [~

t .)

1800,

, , . . )
,

". 2 (cos
'1

Sll1

. 2 (cos
sm '1

[-3

+ cos u. cos ",),

"

+ cos ~ cos '1),

, . ),

cos

+ cos ~ +
2

COS

'1

+ 2 cos u. cos ~ cos '1

(cos u. + cos f3 cos '1)2

1
=

cos 2 3

COS

'1

+ cos

1 COS 2 '1

sin 2 ~ sin 2 '1,

"

],

cos u. = -" cos 13 cos '(

+ sin 3 sin '( =

- cos ([3

a+~+'I==(2n+

1)180,

+ '().

300

]{ ,
. .

+ . + '( =

(2

+1

2!!

(2

Moryfi

+ 1) 1800,

CBal<a , {' . .

+ 1)1800, (, +

'(

(2

--t- 1)1800

+ '( =-=

.,

Tpe~M

1800,

{.
,

,
,

. 2
3,5,7, -)

'(

Mef]y-

. ',

+ 1

1800,

.1

, ,

-+-[3 + =

1800,

(.,

[3, '(

1800.

cos u.
2 cos
2 cos ,
2

' ]{ ,

TaKof]e

.
.

. ).

cos '( -f- cos [3,

]l-.

301
iil .

. )

u. =

05

S 1JZ

Sill

U.

-_.

!{
4

+- ----a~

-----------

+2 +2
+2 +2
2

---

4 2 2
2
2
2

-1-

'

4 2 2 2

,h

Sill 2 '3 Sill 2

.
. ), I{QI{ 21 --(:2 ,
.

.,

~,

1800,

!{,

sill ~

sill u.

sill

-- = ----::-'
--- == - -- .
!{

1800,

!{h !{ lj )

, , .

05 2 .
!{,

+ 05 + C05'~ + 2 05 u. 05 ~
2

C()S

1,

,
, . -1

+ -, -- 1800.

...

2.
.

11.

I{ . OIh Hai)CNlO .

.
}f( l{3.

(. . 30.)

1
1
1
2- . = :2 . = '2 . AD,

sin

I"J.,

sil1 ,

AD - sin 1.,

= .. ~ sin CI., = ~ sin 13 = ~ sin .

92)

w , . ,

3 h .
, . 92),
= L~in__~

= sin

-- sin ~a
sin . '
sin f3 '

Sin, '

SLn ,

= sirz

lv10

+ ~),

sin CI. -- sin

sin ~ =: sin (, +.),
(CI.

(~+ '),

.93) == .,2 sin (; sin ~

sin ~ sin, __ sin , sin CI.
2 sin (CI.
~) = 2 sin (~
2 sin (,
CI.) ,

.

.'

+ ,)

, . 92) CI., sin [3, siz '

~I~. 91),

:r, ,

:103

) (s

vs-(s

) (s

),

94)

ti .
.

94)

91)

2. Q
Sln ~. - - - Sln t-'

2.
' Slfl ' =

2
.

11
"

1.
m .

112.

, , , ~ "'(; t

r:J.,

. .

:
r:J.

(~

1800

= sin ~
.

sin
P~-

'

+ "'()

--

Slfl.
.~

Slfl

.._. .
.

sin ~ sin.-.
2.sin .

+ = cos ~ -"'( . cos ~ + '

2'

sin

Q -

t-'

"

sin

--+- '

2 .

304 .
.-

-,

=347,298 111 , [~=84016'21.,4",

'(=5309' 17,8".

:
.

, .

rJ.,

;
(.

(~

= 1800 -

= 42034' 20,8";

= ~in [~
S l!1

(.

Sl!1

(.

log = 2,5407023

log = 2,5407023
log sil1 [ = 9,997 8266

log sil1 = 9,903 2311

log sil1 (. = 9.8302818

log sil1 (. = 9,830 2818

log = 2,7082471
'

aSl/lY
._-

log = 2,6136516

510,796 ;

= 410,820 1 ;

p=a2sin~siny

2sil1(J. ,

log 2 - 2 log' ' 5,081 4046

log sil1 rj = 9,997 8266
log sil1 = 9,9032311
log 2 = 0,301 0300
.

log si (. = 9,8302818
..

log = 4,851 1505

.

11 .

= 70982,37 2 .

, ..

t ;

'(, Tpeta

: t

+ ",{--180

305
h

=2

'(

tg l3 --

sin

u.

COS

.
sm

':1.

"..' g =

sin

u.

COS .'

sin (.
sin u.
= ----,--.
sin ~
sin

==-

( + ) COS ~
=

: cos ~2

( . ) sin ~ t : sin ~

2 '(

\l.
:

=57,94 m , =43,91 m , 17.=6107152,68".

ce~

.~, , .
:

Jll

20

306

~ + =

900 -

+=

)=

log(b -

13,178
lI.

59026' 3 66"
'

logtg ~! = 0,2287143
log (

101,010

1,1198495

--

+ ) =

2,004 3644

log tg ~ -; = 9,344 1994

~- =

120 27 I 24 11 "
'

(fJ) + '/, =
2

59026 I 3,66",
.

71 53 ' 27,77", '( = 46058 I 39,55";

~=

sin l I . .
=
sin [

= -2

sin lI.

Zogb= 1,7565905

Zog = 1,7565905

Zog sin lI. = 9,9423694

Zog = 1,6426228

.log sin ~ = 9,977 9372

Zogsin lI. = 9,942 3694

Zoga = 1,7210227

Zog 2 = 0,301 0300

Zog = 3,0405527

52,604 ;

114.

t .

'(

1097,874m 2

, ,
.

:
84,
--

88, 89, 90
94.

91,

= 7135,248 ,

= 5269,744 ,

. ,

~, " .

409,52 m .

307
:

s-

1 114,011

log(s -

s-

2979,515

log(s -

= 3,4741456

s-

4155,733

log(s -

) =

s = 8249,259

3,0468895
3,6186476

logs=3,9164149
. log (s - ) (s - ) (s:- ) = 6,223 2678
. s
log

1
tg-=
2
s-

(s - ) (s - ) (s - ) = 3 III 6339.

~-~(s-b)(s-~

log (s logtg

. (s-a) (s-b) (s-c) = 31116339

.
s
.
'

= 3,046 8895

log(s-b)=3,474 1456

0,0647444

log tg:~ = 9,637 4883

IX

(s-a) (s-b) (s-c)

s

(s-a)(s-b) (s-c) =31116339 log

.
s
'

log

~=490 15' 18 "

2

l=23027'388"
2
'

'

IX

'(

(s - ) (s - ) (s - )

_1_

ig--2-s-c

log (

= 980 30' 36,6" ;

s-a) (s-b)(s-c)
s

log(s -

== 46055' 17, 6",

= ~rs (s - ) (s -

3,618 6476
9,492 9863

log = 7,0280488
= 10 667160 2

"

= 170 17' 2 9"

2
'

-1

vI

) (s - )

=3,1116339 logs (s-a)(s-b) (s-c)=14,o560976

) =

log tg ~

,
t'

= 340 34' 58'"

,
,.
20*

308

115.

. .

, ~

",(,

'

sin .
~ =-~--,

sin

, {

. . . . . .
(1 L,),
, . . . . . sin u.
(1 {{ L,), {
,
. . . . . . .

< sin u.

< <
>

1.

sin

= 48,607 ,

84,623 ,

~,

"{,

rJ.

= 37014' 30".

sin

rJ.

sm'=-

logb= 1,9274884
log sin (/. ~ 9,781

88

log sin ". = 1,7093717

10g

-- 1,686 6988.

309
, ,

2.

< sin

I(.

':1.,

-:-84,62 m ,

a=51,212 m ,

'37014'3011,

(f.

. :
~, , . .

sin

(.1,

(f.

SLi"'=--

log = 1,927 4884

logsin rx = 9,781

88

logbsinrx= 1,7093717
loga= 1,7093717.

sin rx

- , .
~=

900;

= 900 -

sin ~ = 1,

rx = 52045 I 3011;

1
=-
2

cos ':1.
,

log = 1,927 4884

loga= 1,7093717

log cos rx = 9,9009622

log = 1,8284506

log = 1,8284506

log 2 = 0,301 0300

. = 67,368 m ;

log ;= 3,23 7923

. = 1725,01 m2

3.

,,

:
=

73,659 m,

84,623 m, rx = 370 14,' 3011

~, ,

(;

310
.:

Slll

(.

Sill

I.

---'_

logb = 1,9274884
logsill rJ. = 9,788833
log Sill rJ. = 1,7093717
log.a = 1,8672258
log Sill ~ = 9,842 1459,

~1

= 4402' 52";

'(1

= 98042' 38";

~2

= 1800 -~1 = 1350.57' 8",

'(2=6048' 22";

sill '(1

1 =~.c-'
S III I.

sin '(2

= --:.----'S III
I.

log = 1,8672258

log = 1,867 2258

ZOgSill'(1 =9,9949617

log Sill '(2 = 9,073 7546

.

log Sill I. = 9,781 8833

log Sill I. = 9,7818833

ZOgC1 = 2,0803047

log 2 = 1,1590971

1 =

120,311 ;

2 =

14,424 ;

= ~ sill '(1

= 2 sill '(2

log = 1,867 2258

Zoga = 1,867 2258

, log = 1,9274884

Zogb= 1,9274884

Zog Sill "(1' '9;9949617

Zog Sill '(2 = 9,073 7546

, 10g 2= 0,301 0300

Zog 2 = 0,301 0300

Zog 1 = 3,488 6459

log = 2,567 4382

, =

3080,68 2.

4.

= 369,35 2 .

= 84,623 ,

=84,62~,
rJ.
.

= 370 14,30".
"

'

311
:

~, '(, .
:

r/.

= 370 14' 30";.

'(- 1800 - 2

r/.

= 1050 3 l' ;

= -~2 2 sil1'(

= 2 cosr/.

log 2 = 0,301 0300

loga 2 =2loga = 3,7344516

log = 1,867 2258

log S111'( = 9,983 8755

logcos r/. = 9,9009622

log 2 = 0,301 0300

. log - 2,069 2180

log = 3,417 2971

117,278 m ;
5.

= 2613,95 2.

. 107;394 m ,

84,623 m , (1.=37014'30".

~, "(, .
: > ,

,
>~, .

= -.-

asil1"(
=
.

log = 1,927 4884

log = 2,030 9800

log sin r/. = 9,181 8833

log sin"( = 9,9597867

log = 2,0309800

log s1n r/. = 9,781 8833

Sll1 t-'

sin

r/.

Sll1

log sin ~ .9,6783917

- i

- ,

R~
t-'-

280 28' 501"

,
,

'( =

1800 -

(.

+ ~)

log

0=

2,208 8834
161,765 m ;

1140 16' 39,9" ;

312

_1 sin '1
2 .
.

log = 2,0309800
log = 1,9274884
log sin 1 = 9,959 7867
log 2 = 0,301 0300
log = 3,6172251
=

4142, 14m?
."

2.
.
Jl

116.

R.

CD

:,=,;,-.--~

BCD,

900 (

CBD

2 R sin

95)

BDC

2 sin u. '

2 sin u.

2 sin~

'

,.

~ ,

ClI. 31.

), ~

\
'.

. 2R

sin

91)

2 sin

sin

sin

R -- ---========= .
4~/s(s
a)(s
)(-)
.

95)

117.

(96

R),

2).

\10 , ,

. ,

6
,

+6

+6

P~ r + ~ r + ~ r = ~ r (

--+--1

+ )

94),

I
(s
--

(s
.s

90)

(s -

32.

(97

314
.

(s-)tg~=(S-)tg~=(S-)tg~l)

98) r

. r

OD,

sin; , .

sin

"

szn 2

sin '1800-(3+11

sin

BOD

~T

sin -~ .

-=--

cos -;

99)

"

cos -

cos -'-

118.

l .

}{ ,
,

1)
tg

ct

fi

= ' = fg

,
'

+ BD + CD = s,

=F, D=,
=

s - (BD

r = (s - ) tg 2 '.

+ CD) = s -

r: = (s -

) tg

2= (s -

BD=BF

G~'

) tg ~ .

315
,

. 0

, ,
:

..

.c::-o~

.
.0---

_-

1
=2 + 2 -

.. ~:.-.)~a
.
~

--r""
'
..'

D.':,

,
,7

r'O

,'

33.

),

s-a
94)

b)(s

s (s

(s

(s

(s . .

--'---(;----''--'-----~

. (100

s
s (s

11

....

1
1
.
2 = 2(+ -) =ra(s

=---

.-..

0000

______~~'~~

Oa D --

-_o _ _

'

90)

(.

-- s tg 2

~
s tg 2

(1 1 .

. 60,
. t, , ,

1),
"1

szn 900

sin ~

cos

+"'
(
2

.,

cos-2

OaBD,

OaD

'

cos

,
2

"

cos.E cos=-----

cos2

102)

. .1~

cos-

r'
COS-

",

cos
.

r;
Ij

u.

cos- cos2
2
----

"1

COS

1)

';:: =< = ~

(1800 -)

=90o-~}<OaBC=';::OaBP=2(1800-~)=90o-;

<. =180 0 - ( 900--' ..1-900-- =

2'
2.
.0

~+Y ) OBOJOe=900-(.

20

317

119. -

caHor

97)

100)

. :

94), 96),

{
(103

120.

, ,

, . t

, ,

, .

'v),

OCHQBY

) .

, ., ~, ,

+ ~ + + [;

[;

.
ABCD

600)~ , , ,

d .

318
"

,
,
"

CD

.' '

1-,

D.F 1-.
DH 1-
' CD

..

,
,
~,

e. ._<~--~-----"" , ". F':

/(3

r' : . -

. 34.

, .,

+ +

cos

+ cos + d cos (

,
~
1

. +

cos

1800,

).

1800 (~+ 1)'

3600 (.
),
cos 8
cos (~ 1)
8

cos ~

cos i3 -

+ ") + d cos .
cos ( + ) + d cos .

104)

cos

--+

105)

sin

cos (
105)

sil1 i3

sin' i3

sin , ' FD d sin .,

sin ( -tl) --,
sil1 (.
)h

+ + 1 + )

sin

+ 1)

(i

+ sin (+ (;)

sin

(+

1",

sil1

d sin

+'1 + )

104)

, h h
,

"

1)

. .

__

103.

319

cos

(.

+ ~ + + )

+ d cos cos (~ + )
+ d cos cos (. + )
(. + ~ + + )
d sin
sin (~ + )
d sin + csin ( + ),

cos ~
cos ~
. sin
sin ~
sin ~ -

(104

.(105

1)

, '

lj

'
,

2)

, (t)

., ()

BD

+d

2
2

2 d cos .
2 cos ~ .

+
+d

2 cos
2 d cos

>
.

(106

320

) mu .
,

l{oje

104a)

d)

\f~ (

) .

105) ( , ,
l )
~ ( ) .

'

104), 105)

106)

106)

, ;

, , (
-

l{ . .

_ 1)

, ~,

"

105)

+ ~ + + ) =

d sin (
asinu.
csin'O
sin (.
asin~
csin,

bsin(u.+~)

+ ~ +, + ) =
dsin(u.+~)

=
2)

sin
sin (u.

sin

+ ~)

,d =

sin ~
sin ,
sin (u. -f- [3)

u.,

~, . 105}

d sin (.

+ + , + ') =

asinu.--csino

bsin(u.+~)

321

(,

sin

sin , .

-f- [3 + + ) =

d sin

sin

(,

+ [3)

sin

3)

, -

sin

sin

'.

(.

+ ~) ,d= sin "

sin
sin ;;

+ ) .

(.

, ,

,.

104)

105)

d cos

fJ.

d sin

si!1

+ cos ( + ,)
si!1 ( + "),

cos

tg (1.

si!1
[ cos

3600

+ + ,),

((1.

(1.,

sin ( + ,)
cos (+,)]'
.

"

.
) .

BD
ABCD.

'~,

, ,
. ,
]

CED DEA

'

92)

. .-

--'"

0-"

".

'.

'

:" ,. 'lJ

.
.

., '".
.... '

. 35,.

111.,

!AE.BE,si!1E !.
2
'~2

si!1 '

~ CED = ~ DE si!1 , ~ DEA =~ DE . sin

,,~

21

322

ABCD,

2 ( .

+ . + . +

.. . .
DE . ) sin

=~ [( + ) + ( + ) DE] sin
~ ( + ) ( + DE) sin

= ~AC' BD sin .

107)

lj .

92)

111.

:
( )

t -

].

ABCD

D,. -i- D,. ADC

D,. ABD
D,. BCD
92).

108)

~ ( sin ~ + d sin ) = ~(a d sin rJ. + sin ).

"1

121.

) . -

(
. ) ll

(Sehnenviereck).

Ta~BOMe
=

1800:
(109

i d2

+
2

106)

, ,

2 d cos

2abcos~

+ 2 cos .

(110

c2+d2+2cdcos~"
'.

(110

, h

1
2 (1-cos

19)

2ad+2bc

) =

4 ( d

(+)2

(a-d)2=
4(ad+bc)

~oje, a~o

22.,

2
2
2
d +b +C

+ )

(b+c+d a)(a+b+c-d)
4 ( d + )
,

+++d

2 s,

(s
.

Ta~o

a)(s
d)

cos 2'

(111

sin ~=
2

. (s

a)(s

+d

) =

cos 2
21*

324
' '

u.

) (s

(s

CO~2=

) = sin

ad+bc'

1
2

111)

(s

cos '- =
2

(s
d)
ab+cd

. 1)

sm -.
2

. fg

112}

(s
(s

a)(s
) (s

d)-

'r
cofo-

(s
(s

a)(s
c)(s

fg

'"
2

18)

cofg:z,

d)

21.,

sm

2 . u.
.
sm 2 cos 2'

sm u.

a)(s

b)(s

c)(s

d)

sm

d)

(113
sin

a)(s-b)(s,

(s

sm

111), 111), 112) 113)

~

, .

sin [3

108) . 120,
sin ,

sin , sin u.
113), '

".

325

~ ( + cd) sin . ~ ( d + ) sin .

) (s

{(s

) (s

) (s

(114

d).

(115

) . (. .

34.)

,/ + _ 2 cos~, BD

cos

{(

+d

2 d cos .

. ~

cos

110),

(ac+bd) (ab+cd)
ad+bc
'

(ac+bd)(ad+bc)
=
ab+cd
' BD

, , ,

BD =

+d

(116

ad+b
BD=ab+cd'

116),

. ,

(117

. :

}{-

, }(

117),

,
.

, }{ '

}{

}{\

}{

114)

, }(h, ..

ad,+bc sin~
+ d=sin '

117),

=sin ~.

118)

sin '.

BD

!).

) n n .

ABCD

. t -

.D

r(i:\~,E".. .. I<

,<:;.:

'1 ,. "!"

. / . ..........~ ... \.

.. ,

R,

-1= D

2 , -

. . -

',' '

BAD

111

.lBD, -

37.

BE=DE=!BD=Rsin
1)

OD

. 3

() fI .

.

,

.
.
6.
D

sin
sin?
sinACD = sin, '

. 3.

sin

ct.

6. " " ~ sin ,

m,

<r: =

:;

kk . , : = sin ~ :sin

1.

Grunert. Archiv

Mathematik und Physik. Zlveite Reihe.

17.

<>'.

327

R ___BD
- 2 sin .
,

BD
2 sin '(

R= 2 sin

sin~,

R=-4

(s

'

BD,

80

-sin

.,

081

+ d) ( + d) ( d + )
a)(s

b)(s

(Tangentenviereck)

(.

(.

i) .

c)(s

r.-.

122.

2 sin

(119

d)'

38.)

39.)

DA

--

CD

d.

,- -k, --

1,

DE
,

DF

""
-,

38.

328

+ /,

--1

+ ,

+!1,

!1 + k,

120)

+ 1 + +!1, + d

) .

+!1

k! l-i-

38.

+ -+ 6 COD
1 .
1..
1
1
2 r + 2 r + 2 + :2 d ,

6 DOA

l~

ABCD

121 )

...

s = :2 (
)

+ + + d).

u ufl

ll

ABCD

(. .

OD

38.).

.,.,

'(

lI
,

k-

1-'

r cotg 2' = r cotg 2 '

'. '",

,I

+i

329
-

= r Icofg 2

~.

+ cotg 2

'

=----

.+

cotg -

~.

cotg -2

(122

--

---~.

"
cotg 21 + cotg-2

cota~ ~
-+cotg~
2 '
2
"

"I

v.

t.J

.
Sln

= ------,---:;:-- .+8

....

2-

cotg- +- cotg-"

22

.,.

."(.0

cszn-szn2

---=--,--Q I -,
[- I

(Kreisviereck).

25.

d szn-szn~-

.,.

_
szn 2.

(123

.,.

-~-,---

_ "(+0
szn 2

.
-

.... ,

bsin~ sill:2
sz'll

123.

...

aszn-szn

122)

=---~--_

fL

BpeM~

,,

+ "( = ~ + = 1800 1
.
-.L + -
d.

(124

330
, ,

} ,

.,

= 2 s,

[3, ,
: d

, . .

)f(

s
.

40.

+ ,

d, s -

, ,

121.

121)

122.

112)

115)

If

g2

125)

.,

cofg ~

I
':

fg~

cofg

i)

126)
127)
124.

8 u ufl

Vielecke, polygones reguliers).

u-

(regelmassige

3 , -

331

()

I<

I<P03

(umbeschrieben,circonscrit),
(einbeschrieben, inscrit).

I<pyra,

. ,
( ,

),

"

I<I<

I<

(.

I<pajy

58.),

I<O-

or(-

. (
)
, ;

u.

==

sn,

3600

, (), . ;
, l5 ;
~

I<

R,

I<pyra;

I< .

I<

Sn

Sn

332
S2n

S2n

'

2ri

2 2 .

) \Il

Sn=

2 tg 1800 = 2 R sin 1800

1
1800 .
=. - S cotcr
-2

11

1800

R cos -

.
- Sn

,, 'r ,

SN

R=

. 1800
F

AOQ =

1800
cotg.

-- Q =

<:. OQ .

tJ.

.2

1
2 sN, OQ
1800

='2 Sn .

AOQ

41.

sn, R,

,,,1,..,

\~91

t 1800 2 R . 1800
= 2 g
=

SlIZ--

u=s

.w.;;,:a:t

__

2 SlIZ--

128)

i'''n.I

\2

41.

333
.

) r:t. u

u.

= SN

SI1

COS

1800 I

S
--~1-=-80=O

S 11 =

cos ----

(129

----------f

'- ' -

42.,

AQ

=.

BQ

2 s,,,

42.

.
AOQ, 2 s = r SL

(.

2'

"
SI1

Sn

(.

COS -

) u u u [[0
.

R
.
,

I
Sn

130)

V
4R
R

$211

S 2

S2n

/ R (2R . (4R 2'

S2n )

. llOA

128)

. 1800

SN

=2 R Sl!1

. 900

4R Sl!1

900

cos-

17

. 900
Sl!1

130)

900

S2n

2 R' cos =

D
.

43.

OI<O

44.

128)

335

S11 = 2 r tg 800

S11 = S211 tg

1800

900

cotg' -

1800 t 900
S tg g

S2

(131

'' '

S
G
S
u.
1800 .
-- , F = 2 -2 = ' 4

"
"

" "

" 2

"

900
'

. .

128)

44.

. 3600
2 szn '

. 211 =

"

3600
2 szn 2 '

2 2

= ';,, .

211

(132

2 11

336

(. )

~ 1/3 2, -

'

V3 2

3 ~
-'- 2 ,/ 2.

(. )

2 2,

4 2

2 2 2.

125.

'

2 11:

'

133)
,

11:

3,14159265 . . .

- .

uu,

45.,

, (.

fi

08

<

........._-""~".

. 45.

t :

s -- 2 sin ~ = 2 tg ~

--- ---- -- --.

. .
2 szn -eos
2
2

r:J.

(134

s
2

r:J.

szn 2 = 2' eos 2 = ' tg 2-

= 2 r 'i!: 3600
.

45.

-.-. 3600 .
szn -2

, .

s,

'i!: S

: 2 T'i!:

.r =

3600,
.
r:J.

2 SZN 2

. 1 2 = 1 2 ,I{

..4, --------5--------

1 1 2 2 ,

: ,

",

~::

",

1 1

--

46.

I
l'

'"

~
'"-_)'.--

<l"

2 2

.
,

---

2 =

,, ,,~

,/

------,,--s;z-;. . . --- :'-.::'-----.. " " -_ ...

1 11
2 2

(Kreisaussehnitt, Sektor,
22 .

338
,

. secteur)

S k,

(f.

. -

3600,

S k : '1

. 0

3600,

l:l.

1,

1,

.,

Sk = 2

(f..

= - - - (. . 134),

2 sin ~

339

=-

Sk

.0

1t S2

S.

3600 =

4 sin 2 ;
3

are

~jn ~_.

S2

= - - - are ..
8 sin 2 ;

, , t. :

.Sk =

3600 = 2

': -

1ts

4 sin
)

36

/{

2 are .

are

-;

(issh,

S g,

(135

are ..

8 sin

S2

4 sin
.

0=

segment)

Segment,

, .

Sg

>, I< . =
=

2 are .

1
?
:2 r- szn

(.

(.

, , I<

134),

1t.r

3~00

135.),

92

s .

111.) -

48.

( ,

I<

I<

r2 .
S g = 2 2 ': 3600 -- szn . = 2 (are .
r

!.

S2

= ---

.
2 .
szn -

( .

sin

sin

.)

(136

.).

2
22*

340
U.

h .

1. .
ABCD CD -- 2r

s. .
49. h ABCD
=

.8"---.:
.

:;:. IJ

49.

2 r- "'.

h
, h

sin-~=;r (. . 134),
s 'I r r;.
s

136).

2. .
ABCD lJ
CD.
.
CD
, . 50.,
.
.

ABCD

CDE.

AI-_ _ _~

A.'r-----i'

C~--

50.

, ,

CD

51.

, . 51.~

-341

ABCD ,- .

- CDF.

'

, -

52.

(. . 52).

3. .
ABCD .
,
. 53.,

ABCD

ABD.

, , ,
. 54.,
>

ABCD --

"

D .

53.

54.

ABD

1"2 ]

s,

h :

342

. \

sm 2

U'2

2 ,\' sm 2

'2 .

'\

'2'

d,

0\ 02

s,

3.

126.

.
:

"

(t
, ,
,

.)

"

. t t t ,

' , , ,
, t

127.

1.

3.

, . .

=
.

-.

55.

, . ~

l '

343

<;:

sm,

"

+ ',) .

= sin (~

2~ 3. t

21 .

CD -- d

,.

.-

(1., ~, " , )"

-----,.

"

"

"

ACD

"

__ d

"

56 .

""

sm
sin (1.

+ )'

"

,)

s , . , , ,

,
, :

= 'i

+ .

344
128.0ij .

1. -

. , , ; '

-1:

' )
~CBD

. sin rp _

d=

+ )'

sin (

-1: BCD

BCD

sin
sin ( + )

_. 'sinrp
=
sin
sin (rp
x)sin (

+ )'

{,

+ '(

sin (11
--- sin (rp

+ )

sin
{Jsin

sin

+ .) cos

cos +
-

sin

r..p

sin

+.)
. sin~f

+.)

cos (
sin __ - sin
cos rp sin
sin

'fi

,.

+.) tg =

cos (
cos .'fi tg

sin
sin rp'

tgx=

sil1 (
sin r..p cos

d..
ACD
, .

d =

-1::-ACD
CD

57.

-1-: CAD

D.

+.)
(

si]

+ 1) +

sil1 rp
cos 'fi sin

345

< 1800, . ,

CD

D.

'(

u. , :

, (
)

h,

. 58.

-1: '

, .
h

<~
1== '

-1: ' .

-- ,

1800 -- -1~ ', ~1:.

1800-

-1: ,

,
,
.
]

.....---...."

-------- ....,
..

,I

\
,

1
: ..

.1

"

.. -

--

- . .0.

'"

..

,/

"

.,

-------

59.

-~

.,/

, ,

\,

" 1

,\

..... , //'

2. .
",'".

'"D

l
. )

1) !;!]] II Willebrord Snellius (Leydel1 1580. - Ld 1624.) 1617. tj, ,

=, =, ~ACB=I' ~BDC=(J.,

3
,

CD.

fj, ACD

fj, BCD

sin '
sin ,;
sin 13 = -Sin-u.' ,

CD =

sin '
. .1.
sm (./,

. sin
'

24.)

()

ta ' +- rJ;
1

SilZ
asin
'

m1l0m8

SilZ
SilZ

Paris 1732.),

13

13+

+13+,

=. 1800 -

Pothenot (1660.?

sin r.J.
sin r.J.

'

(.

,;

,2

sin rJ;, =
sin

tg-'---'-

'+

sm. r.J.

sin
()
_---'-1_
sin '

~ D=', ~ D=,

<';::ADC=p.

SilZ r.J.
sinu. .
3600

(.

+ '+ ,),

.
(. . 59.,

Laurent
(1692.).

lj

, (

).

lj D ,

BemlKe

Q, h

, ;1"0 1.leCTO h .

347

<

+ + . + + 1.

3600),

Q
,

t . .=
'f)

sin Q(, sin . trJ;

sin ~ sin . g 2

< ,

'

1. t1u.
,

sin .
sin ~ tg 'f

. 1 . l sin .
2
.
1. sin ~.
1_

tg <

sin (.
,
~ =tg (!)
sin ~

1
tg (!) .
'() ---:-- =-- =
- 1
tg (!)
tg (450
) (. 1 . 20.).

tg

2.

<

tg (450 -

'f)

tg'

+,1
2

1.

(z

,.
, , .
, ,

~. ,
. , Q

,
,

348

D,

, , D
,
, .
ABCD :
ABCD

.
=

.
1800,

(!)+~

+ 3 + "(

tg' 2

1800, ~

+~

) sin
= sin ~ ,
)' tg
1, (1)
450, tg(45
<)
= z)
,

sin?

sin ,

(
!
)
/
]
;
tg' 2 =

129.

.~ =

()

--

60.

PQ

~.

{t

, (., ), 'dt (. ~

349

11

PD

PR
APD.

. ~

130.

(.

1.

liTA.)

1)
0

'

,,(,

'

' '
'
,

= ' ' . tg"( = tg "(

61.

' = ',

= '
1)

+ ' =

tg '(

+ ' .

. , ,
,\\ ( ) ll

(Senkblei,

leiloth, . . l).

n6
);

sensibIe)

un. .

( )

(Libelle Wasserwage,

(shi

Horizont, horizon

. ,

, .Il .

horizon rationnel, horizon celeste) .

(wa!zrer Horizont,

350

2.

3.

().
DB

_- -f~l~/~k~,,~.--'
~
D

62.

= ,

CD

d,

6. CD, {

CD

, , ,

sin

sin (1

) .

, {

6. ,

1,

{ 2 + 2

2abcos 1

{ (. .

113.) .

3.

3. {

. -

,,'.
,

;
.. ------. -----------..---.. B'----~

<

BD

63.

CD

.d,

8 .

.
.

B'D.

351

CD, ,

d sin

= sin

) .

h '

.:;.~

900)

900+ 8,

sin '(

sin (900 -t- 8)

=-:-

~=

sin ,
d sin , sin .
=
cos:;
sin (, ) cos:; .

BCD

' C'D

D.

' C'D

BCD

CD

< ACD

1: ADC

, .

- "
CD,

. sm,
=
sin (
)'

AD

-1= BDB' -

rp

' -f:

BB'D
ABD,

D..

900,

64.

-1= ABD

900 +

1::: ADB

tf

1\\ ,

352
.

, l\~

sin
()
= ~_~~---;-"'--;-- =
sin (900

sin () =
sin ' sin '1)
I __
cos ,}
sin ('
~) cos

+ ,})

1-;-

. '

, , 1:,
~

'f)

, cos (
cos .

/.
: ,

D.

,
L

'.};

, -

sm sm '. ,
:=- -.
sm ('( + ()")'

,"~

/90

,,

65.

.
CD
,

~ACD
, ~ADC
:;:ADB
r.p

AD =

szn '_{_
sin ('( + )

h,ACD

353

= AD / sin

S.Zn(I s+m ~)'

'f =

sm '{

, ,
.

131. 38 .
: 1

(t , .)

eos

+'

. =

eos

+h

1--- . = eos

+ '
.

66.

(. ::)

.
Jlt.

h = 4810

( ),

668150m ( m ).

cos =
I'll-

'

6368150
372 960 '
23

r=

354
'l.

2013' 30" = 8010"

648 000 : 8010 = ; : rJ..

80 1 . ; 80 1 . ;
. = 648 000 == 64 800 '

801 . ;
1= 6368150. 64 800~ 247,3 .
, -

h = 481

2 ;

,';/.

. =-S'l.=(l-s'l.)=

11

2 ; 1'2 h
p--,~
~.- - 1I
=
l

2
192300Km

'l.

u.

10m , 111km
,
1

20
30
40
50
60
70
.80
90
. 100

"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"

15,9
19,7
22,6
25,2
27,6
29,8
31,9
33,9
35,8

132.

"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
" I

6'01
100m. 1
,
8',6 200 "
"
" 10',6 300 "
" 12',2 400 "
" 13',6 500 "
" 14',9 600 "
" 16',1 700 "
" 17',2 800 "
" 18',3 900 "
" 19',3 1000 "

1
50,4
61,7
71,3
79,9
87,5
94,5
101,0
107,1
112,9

"

"
"
"

"
"
"

"
"

1 l0 0'9
'0019,1
1000m 1129km
,
,
,

" 27',2 2000 " 159,5

" 33',3 3000 " 195,5
" 38',5 4000 " 225,7
" 43',1 5000" 232,4
" 47',2 6000 " 276,5
" 51',0 7000 " 298,5
" 54',5 8000" . 319,1
" 57',8 9000 " 338,9
10 0',9 10000 " I 356,7

"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"

" 26',1
" 45',5
20 1',8
" 16',21
,,29',2 .
" 41',1
" 52',2
30 2',9
" 12',5

11.

u. .

358km
,

}{

, ,, .

355
, .

;
u

. ,

. 1

lll (Centriren der 'Winkel,

reduction des angles

centres des stations).

,
,

. -

BDC

11

67.

. 68~

0., ,
t

+I"J.

+l5

~,

- I"J.,

++l5
-+~

I"J.

.,

",

"
"

"

I"J.

"

) .

67.

68.

fJ,

+(

I"J.

15 +

I"J.

"

(+)

"

" "

" " "

"

70.

" "
23*

356

+ ,

"

.
, ,

+ , :

d
, , 2.
. 127.; : BDC
ADB
(;;

AD

'

..

,.

69.

70.

:
,

. ,

+ ,

. ,

: ,..
"

357
,

"

, -'

.1) h, ~,
, ,

(t -'
),

, , ,

(. . 67.~70.)

( )

sin d
-:-. - -- -,
szn s

.
d sin :
szn = - -

siny

sin (
(. .

67.)
szny
sin (:
68.)
szny
sin (
69.)

. =d sin (
)' szn

=d

(. .

d
-

d
-

d
-

(. .

SZN

:)

sin (3600 0- )
(. . 70.) .
.t.i/k

1)

. .

133.

'

'

'

"

"

"

dsin
szny=

+ )

(:

d sin

- d sin (

sZnY=

sZnY=

I' .

+ )

358

, 1)

d sin

d sin 8

d sin

8)

d sin (8

lZ

()

d sin (0+::)

lZlZ,

8)

(
-

lZ h2)
.

1)

1.

31

ll .

32.

)
, ,

. .'lY

2)

1':

648000

"

"1

180 60

I',

29' = 1740".

648000

,,= '""1

log,"

'

r!)

".

1.

"
"1 = -.

"'.

(.

"-
. 1., 2. 3.)

log sin (",

.'

log sin 1",

I .

r:.

. 1", " ---;--=

1 sin"1"

' Sl

,
,'

lI'.ep!"J .

359

d si 8
sin 1" ,

d sin (
sin

d sin (8
sin
d sin

")

"

d sin

(+8)

"

f!

si 1

" "

"

8)

si

+ ::)

"

" "

"

" "

"

67.
8.

9.

70.

),

(. 7. .

70.)

"
dsin
8
=--:-------.-;
sin 111

r:J. =

133.

sin

-sin
'

+ 8)

"+
d

sin 111

si

(. 8. .

69.)

(8

(.

ij

I{.

h .

, h
;
,

,
,

(Gudlii,

Basis, base).

, ,,

360
,

1)

( )
. ,

, , .

. .

( )
, ,

.
,

. , fi .
,

1)

, ( ),
II !I . ,

1I0

, ,

11 ,

1800,

l
.

. ()
l\i.

.
134.

1. 3.

Jl .

DE,

CDE

~,

DE
CD

L------>

.
.

71.

~,

CDE

~ sin '( (

92

=sin (~+ ) ( 83

sm~

111.)

. 104.)

+ )

2 si!Z (1
~
.
.
sm ~ sm 1

2
-"----0-.

sin (1

sin

+ ~) sin l'

362

1.

.
!{ !{
'f
1800
(. CDE) , !{ rp
1800
!{
, . CDE
.

+ <

<

2.

. !{ !{ . > ,

DE
, (. . 72.)

h . DE h !{ BD
\

z,

(!

tp

II,,

2 (

72.

2 \ Z sm

),

sin (rp
13)
.
sm '[;

!{

2 (
) sin rp
sll1 ~ sil1 ('f ~)

p)sin (rp-~)
sin ~ Sill 'f
' z

ACDE !{

.
.
!{ > ,
. DE .

DE,
3.

. !{ rp
~,Tj.

h CDE

DE 11

!{

1
.

~ sm -, ~ =
2
1,

,,

,,
----\~
AL.-----~-'.0

73.

363
(

sin"('

3.

S,

2.

. ),

szn -,

CSQ

(. .

SQ

74.)

, ,

. .'

'-------

x=2 dxszn "(,

'

s:

CQ

/ '1 '

,:

SQ

74.

2
-::- -~

d sin "(.

CS.

>

u.
, SQ
,

2 d1 Z

..
szn ,

f,
/

z=

-==-=-'--'--,-- ."::_-=-_::"_-.~Q-~1J

d 1 sinu. .

. ,
. 75.
BCSQ,
. SQ, d 1
AS
5 , z
AQ
ij SQ .

. .

S,

ST

---....

"

d
SQ, SR

2' SRT

SQR

SCQ _ PI,

, STA

4,

I:2::4

k:l:m:n.

. 76.

ABC L

kP

. k+l+m +n'

CQ

X 1,

92

CR

111.'

'

2 ,

Z,

SC

d,

: I

: I

: d 1

+ 2

: d 2

: 4

: (

I
1

X =

d) z,

PI,

dP =(k+l.+m +n)d

2,

365

Z = -;-(- d)

SQ, SR

ST

u. , 2 Z
2. u
,

4.
D ,

3. , D2 E2

D2 D 2 ,

',

<f ,

, ?,
,-',
.'t';

1, ' ,
,'-
1
, '"
"

CDJE J, D 1D 2 E 1 E 2 ,

/
I

D .

U,

1 : 2 : : 4

k : I : : .

D 1 E J , 2 2

hll

, 1
2' D

' 2
,

J::r

,'

,,"
,/

\\,
1.,

'

"'"\'

"

.... , \ \

1",

.)t~~

\".-'

\ ~'

1,'

'

.:r
i
~I\

' \,

'"I

," ';;

'"
\'

/'~

..

\1

'13

E,.!-_-:~..i--=f

'

,,'-"-------'8
, 77.

2'
,

kP

366
.

93)

1 2S 111 , Slll 1f'1

2Sill , Sill ('(
= 2 Slll (,
) =.
2 Sill

l
I

__

1 2
I

1 2
,

Sill (,

+ _.

lj

= 2

, Sill ('
2 Sill '-Pz

2S Ill

2S [11 , Slll (

2 Slll '-

+ '-2)
.

-t. '-)
'

PI, Pz,

1 2S[11 , Sill '-1

=
2 Sill (, + '-1)

+ 1+ + 11

+ 1)

2 2SIll , SII1 '-2

(k
k
1

+ + + 11

+ +
+ +

(k
1 )
k+ 1
11

+ '-2)

2S Ill , Slll '-

Sill (,
tt')

+ 1f'1)

'f\ .

2 2S Ill , Slll '-2

111.

+ tt'z)

Sill (.

2Sjll , Sill '-

-- 2 Sill (.
)

Yz

2SIll

+ '-1)

Slll '1

, Sill (,

+ '-2)

2 Slll '-2

1 2Sill , Sill (.

sill

Sill (.

Sill '-

+ '-)

, .]

, 1' 2 , 2' ,

1.

.
yz ,

'!'

2.

J~/

./

'

~ ~ '\
I

%,'1'
\\
\

~ ~,

/,'
/.- 2

~ ~.1

" ! )

.D1 E 1 , D 2 E 2 D~,

/1 //1

1/// n
11/
r,
/
,r.,
;
/~Y2;ll
.
IJ

\\

\ \

1--------\])'
p~

.'

.Al..--------'.B
.

78.

= '-2 -- 'f =~, 3

, ' 2 , 2 , t

2 1 SZN ,(,
1
2 2 2 szn ,(,

++= 2 szn ,(,

, 2

'

'

='

5.
,

, , .

( )

135.

12'

. ,

'

() ,. . ,
t

AD

fj .

HeI<a

. .vl ~

<-

=-= ,

,(,.:r: CBD

I<aA,

AD

I<,

BD

AD
TaI<O I<aI<o

(6 ),

I<

(6 BED)
}1'

79.

}1'

}2'

I< ) I<I<, .

}2' ,

I<

aI<o

I< , I<
I<
6

TaI<Ba

ABD,

, I<

D:.

~ sin = ~ sin ( + ),

I<
=

, ,

'(

sin '(

sin

+ ()'

( ,

AI<o

I<ojy

I<ojeM

l'
,.

I<

, , ,

. . .
ABCD
. I< . '

369.'.
.

-rr7y,-m

,

3

. - ;f..L.Ll.w.L~~~
AF
.

80.

111

3 .
,
]

m ..

136.

( . )

-'

.
.
. .
, !{ , ,

. , ,

24

. 370
. [{

, ,
.

, . ,
.
.

( ),

()

(), , , .' :

,. (
~'lO)

[ia[{ Oll

) . .

"

l[{

I{ !).

[(

.1)

l{oje.

lj, , .
fi "

371

},

, !

. .

lj ,

, ,

. (

],

'

, (
)
, ,

ljfi lj I
, , -

. . ,
. . I, ', []),~

24*
,

372
2.

1 .

137.

I<

I<

I<oje

I<aI<O

I<.

I<oje

I<oje

),

l1

, ,

I<ao

I<aKO

I<Q I<

peI<OCMO,

I<

I<oje

I< , I< , .
I<. :
I<

I<

Cl{

(.

I::)

I<pe-

I< I<,
,

I<

I<

, .

:- I<
I<

t I<

I<oje

I< .

I<

teN\O

,:

. .

I{aO

I{ (

373

{{

{{

'

, ,

{.

{
{ {
,

I{ { , ,
I{ , {

1.

3 { .

2.

1.

31,).

I{

u.,

. {

{ )

, .

{;

D. , D. , D. , 8. u., D. ~

{,

+ D. ,

6.,.

(.

),

+ D. , . + 6, , . + D. .,

[3+ 6,~, ,+ D. ,. {
l{{ , h
{ I{. {

],

{,

{ , { -

,..,

{ , .

sin

sin [3

sin ,

a+~+"(= 1800

374
,

szn [:\ .
sin '(

sin u.

szn [1

1800

.+~+

.1)

:. ,

),

!1

(a+6a)sinC~+6~)

+6

a 1)

u. +

= 1,

eos

Si11
6 u. + ~ + 6 ~ + + 6 I

. (b+6b)sin(u.+6 u.)
+ 6 .) ( + 6 ) sin C~ + 6~)

6 u.

~YI{OM,

1800.

.,

a 1)

sin

sin ~ + eos ~ 6 ~ + sin ~ 6

-- Si11 . + eos u. 6 u. + sin u. 6
Si11 I + eos I 6 I + sin I 6
1
= sin ~ + eos ~ 6 ~
sin ~ 6
. + ~ + I + 6 u. + 6 ~ + 6
1800.

.+

1) . .

110.

':'

6 u.,

375

(l

aeos~are l~ ~+sin ~ 6,

beostJ.are 6,.+si tJ. 6,

..

eeos~arel}r+sin~6,e

beosiare6,'(+siny6,b

+ 6, ~ + 6, I

6, tJ.

Ol{ u

6, , 6,

6,

6,

6,

. 6, "(

z .

, .

sin ~ 6,

sin . 6,

eos tJ. 6,

eos ~ i~ ~

, ,

sin ~ 6

-- -

sin

eos

tJ. [~

- - =

tJ.

eos ~

1\.
u tJ. -

[~ .

sin

6,

6,

eos

Sl11

k,

eos

. u

tJ. -

..

eos

tJ. -

i'

eos

'

1\

=. k u

, h

r-.

D. ,

k -- sin ., k ~~ si/l~, .

376
~

~
--

~'.

are

tg .

~ .

are

tg

'

~
~
--

are ~ - are

tg

"(

tg "(

I<ao

are6
tg

are 6

tg u.

3 I< , I<, t

137)

~b

.are ~

tg

are

are~

tg

tg
are ~

tg

~ .

u.

"(

,tg

tg u.

+ ~ [3 + ~

Iz , , .

are

~ .

OBaI<O

+ are ~ + are ~ "( -

.
,

1.

AI<o

I<ao

137)

I< --
t-t, TaJZO, . TaI<aB

I< .

377

,
,

, ; . !{
' , ! ',

t ",

Ll

. !< .

1.

"{,'
(, 13), .
17) f

6,

6,
'
tg r:J.

6,-.!!.

.
,

'

,
0

_6,
tg ,

_1_

r:J.

..

tg .
eotg"{
6, ~3 , ( LleTBpTe
17) 6, r:J.
6, ',

90

"{,

~ + (tg"{ + eotg"() /i '(

6,
=

2 6, "{
!
sil1 2, .
I

U(l

6,

(
, . . 1.) :
sil1 2 -- 1, . "{ -- 450. IIV
,

, ,

. III3 ,
l, v. .

2.

u. , i\lepelbY,
l<aKO 11

378

,

. ,

,
, ,
\( .
: ,
137)

. ,

].

, ,
.

..

.
-

3.

. 137),
t ,

I{,

() .

137)
..
)

sin ~ da

+ cos ~ d ~

'>

sin u. d

+ cos u. d ,

. da+d p

sm i

. tg ~ =

db+du. 1
Sll1

. . -tg-u.

..

.. d
.

+ d~

tg

sin

db

sin

d u. .
tg u.

.d

+ d,

dc
d 13
tg,= c t g '

379
)

d'1.

+ d ~ + d'l

3.
.

138.

.
.

, ~

'1

'1., . al{ 6, , 6, ~
6,.. _6, ., 6,
6, I.
, . 137

.'i '1.

6, ~ - 6, '(

arc 6, '1.

arc 6, ~ -

6, '1

6, = r6, _ are 6, '1. + are 6, r .

l
tg'1.
tg ~
/\

f6,

= l-a

are 6, . + are 6, '( .

tg .
tg '(

(137

ul-l.

_are6,'1.
-6,b~ = _

+ are6,~

tg ' 1 . t g ~

6,~ = 6, _ are 6, '1. -t- are 6, '1 .

tg'1.
tg '1

6/- ~ 6,

6, ,
.

( .).

380

, :

= 462,7, [~ =

530 17' 43", '{ = 6709' 38",

rJ.

= 590 32' 39", =

430,3, =

1
10000

'(

"

494,7 1 )

111.

~ =0,0001, 6 ~. 6 '( = 111.

137),

137,

(f.

2.

HajBefia

6 ~ + 6 '( = 211.
6

(f.

log 2" = log sin 211 = 4,986 6049 - 102)

10 g tg 590 32' 3911 = 0,230 6174
log

(f.

tg rJ.

. .

1)

211

log tg 590 32' 39"

= 4,7559875 -1

112.
~

= 1800 -

(~+ ) =

59032' 39";

~in'~

sm

= _-,-~l_n-,-Y

sm ""

log = 2,665 2995

log sin ~ = 9,904 0262 - 10
log sin G. = 9,935 5175 - 10

log = 2,665 2995

log sin = 9,964 5406 - 10
log sin" = 9.9355175 - 10

log = 2,6338082

log

-4,m

2)

1.

10"

31.

' ,

'

2,6943226

= 494,7

I.

sin 10"

(. .

211 = sln2"

32).

are 111 = sin1"

 6. <1. '0,0000057,
tg <1.
' ,
Zogae

" =

\" = Zogsin

4,6855749 -

\0

Zogtg53 0 \7' 43" = 0,\27 5493

,

6. ~

tg ~

Zog

\" '

= log tg530 7' 43" = 4,558 02:6 - \

6. [ = 000 0036
,

tg~

log \" == Zog sin \" = 4,685 5749:....... 1'

log tg 670 9' 38" = 0,375 5409
log

Q '(
\"
tgy-=Zogtg67 0 9'38,,=4,3\00340-IO

6. '( = 0,000 0020.

, tg'(
.

'

1l\

2. . \ 37.

~ = 0,0001

+ 0,0000057 + 0,000 0036 = 0,000 \ 093

L':o = 0,000 l'

+ 0,0000057 + 0,0000020 =

1l\

"

6.

],

0,000 1077.

'

<1.

2".

II

6.

L\ =

6. =

. 0,000 \093 =
. 0,000,1077
=
,,
'

0,47
,053.
~

:. ;' iICI\\ :.I

1I\

7.

",

"

.'-.'

i(O-

, - '

1l\Ii\

, ,382
I< , ~ ,

137 .

/'

'1.-- - -

1\
L......:I.

[~ = 0,0001
6 =

1" - 2'"
-

+ 0,000 0036 = 0,000 0979

_ 0,0000057

,l0051 +0,0000020 =
6 = 0,042, 6 = 0,048.

0,0001 _

139.

1" -

.,

0,0000963

, . ,

[3, ,

" !{6 ,. L\

613, 6,

137),

'6,=--:-(6rJ..+li~)"

. . . .

Ii .

~ _ ~

(eotg f3

-'t-- eotg ,) 6 f3 + eotg, 6

rJ..

sin (,Q I ')

= Sln, pSln,
~ -: I 6 + eotg, 6 .
'
sin ([3
'0 sil1 rJ..,
6
6
sil1 rJ..
eos ""
-
sil1 [3 sin', 6 ~ sin ~ 6 ,
.

'

-+

'

sin [3 sl,"n1 u

s111 rJ..

6 [3--

~in ,

Sl,'11 [3

s111 rJ..

L~
,

..

eos
,sin
[3

-..
u
S111 .

( ~f1~ )

,.

sin

sm .

=.

.'

sm '( . sm tJ.

: -'

'

~_

Tp,el1eM

.
.
sinlJ.
slll = t,

sin'(

~= -

sin

/\

'( .- ~in~ 6

beosj

.'

IJ..

. sin 6 - eos ; 6

137)

IJ..

tv . .

.t

6=6

+ 6.
tglJ.

+ t
glJ.

r;

sm ~

"_- ! _ eos .sin '(

,

tgp

eotgp sin ' eotg ~ sin , eotgpeosj

.
_.
u
+
,~e+
areL.\1J.

;\" IJ.

+eos u/\

eos IJ. + eos eos'[

/

. r:
u
sm IJ.
sm'iJ
I

sinlJ. = sin

Sll1

'1

esinp

'

]l

~ = - eos L:,b + eos L:, + b(eosu. +~ospeosj)areL:,lJ.,

'.

. Sl/l .

IJ.

384 .

),

-- cos (~+.)

cos ~ eos

. h

eos

bcos.

eos 1]. =

h:

+ sin sin.

.'I

cos'( 6 + cos 6

-f- sin 6. .
6 [,6. 6.

'

l7) ~

6 .-

sin

6 '( =

'sin[3

cos 6

u.

_ sin ~
bcos.
u
u

'

sin.

ceos(3

1].

+ cos 6 + sin '( /':0.

1]

137)

6 i3 + 6 . - -

cos "( + eos i3

-
---
.

\ ,

+ eos

, eos
( ),

+ 6 "(

1].,

140.

l1 .

, ,

6 i3

6.

137):

1].,

(3, .

385

u.

u.

eos rJ.
eos 1 3 '
-- - = . u. rJ.- '-. '3 areLi
szn

SZN

rJ.

u. =eos

. 1 6

._-

szn

13

eos ,
. I
szn

~.-

u. , ,
,

, ~

=-

SZN rJ.,

sin

eos,
. /\
szn ,
u

rJ.

+ .

sin
rJ.
~.

SZN 1-' SZN ,

/\
= ~
~
u 1

rJ.

~ ~

SZN t-' SZN ,

= ,6

sin, eos ~

/\

13

{=!'

eos
~
.
~
SZN t-'

sin ~ eos, + eos ~ sin, = sin (3 + ,)

6~,

rJ.

+ eos.
szn

rJ.
rJ.

eos ,
- .szn ,

/\

rJ.

szn

.,

rJ.,

, -

~ (sin

sin ,eos ~) _

rJ.

~ sin .

+ 6., sin eos + (eos + eos 13 eos ,) a~ ~ '.

rJ.

,+
,)

sin

rJ.

sin

+ )

-- sin ~ eos
eos ~ sin , eos .
= - eos (~+
eos ~ eos, sin sin ,

~ sin Q eos , _

l"

,1

25

386

'.'

+ 6. sil1 '( eos ~ + sin ~ sin 6. .

[\ sin .
.

6. . =

],

6.

szn .

f .

--

6. eos - 6. eos ~

sin

szn

sil1 .
sil1 ~ sil1
I

6.

6. . - - '
szn

6. . eos

szn

sin

szn. ~ =

sin

6. . eos ~

sil1

137 ) ,~

.
6. [3=-

6. . eos

sin
6.
. eos [3
6. =
szn
'"'

6.

+ sin .

szn

6. . eos (., 6.

sin

sin ~

6. ,

6.

(.

6.

=37214,6, =29863,9, =34712,7,

'.

= 69055' 5,32",

1)

= 48054' 39,64",

= 61 010' 15,02"1)

114.

s = 50 895,6
sss-

logs = 4,7066803
log(s - ) =4,1361178
log (s - ) = 4,322 8744
log (s - ) = 4,209 0563

13681

= 21 031,7

= 16182,9

log

(s - ) (s - ) (s - ) = 3,980 6841

137)

387'-.

~ =

~ =

3,2,

6. =

2,4,

?,9

. . Ha~e

137 )

,\[

:'
~ '

log ~

3,2

0,3802112

logcosy = 9,6832269 - 10
log

~b' s=,34381

log Q

log

. cos'{ =

~ cosr~

7177 -

10

. 6. . cos::J =

1,?05 968

. cos + ~ . cos:~ =

6,263 247

= 0,2801157

L\ + D.

1,157279

,,

= 0.462 3980

10gCiJs~ ~9,817

logb=4,4751465 Zog(6.a+6.b cos'r+6.c cos~)

log sin = 9,9425345 -

=0,7967995

log sil1 "( = 4,4176810 . . .

/0

=4,4176810

+ 6. . : + ~ . cos :~ =

0,379 185 _ 4

bsmy

~:

arc 6. rx = 0,000 2394

1

:tg --2 -,s-a

(s -

(s s

(s -

logtg ~ =9,8445663 -10

t _~= 1

g 2

log tg

"- = 690 551 5,32"; ,

'"

log tg~

~=
~

1
!rr-' = - '0'2
s-c

(s -

s-b

Vr

(s -

) (s - ) (s-c)
s

9,657 8097 -10

= 480 54' 39,64";

(s -

(s -

9,7716278 - 10

= 61 10' 15,02'~.

25*

388

log 6

= !og

'1.

'.

!og sin 1" )

= 6,3791185 - 10 - (4,6855749 - 10) =

,693

5436,

6
!!! 6 =

'1.

= 49,38".

0,505 1500

logeos"{ = 9,683 2269 - 10

Zog 6

. eos"{ = 0,188 3769

I~

. eos '{ = 1,543039

6=2,4

log 6

0,462 3980

z.og eos " = 9,535 7526 - 1

log 6

. eos

'1.

= 0;998 1506 -

. eos '(

+ 6 + 6

eos '1. = 0,995 751

. eos

'1.

= 4,938790

!oge=4,5404883 !og(6a cos"{+ 6 + /':::' eos,;:)

!og sin '1. = 9,972 7595 - 10
= 0,693 6205
10'

sin '1. = 4,513 2478 . . .

= 4,513 2478

~~--~--~~--~~~--~~-

log L'c eos'{

+cszn
~b + 6' cos

'1.

.------

= 0.180 3727-' 4.

'1.

.\13

TOllie

6 ~=

~j

0,000 1515

log -'i [ = !og 6 ::\ - !og sin 1"

10- (4,6855749- 10) =

= 6,180 3727

,494 7978.

'-",

= 31,25".

1) . ,'], 2) :1. 132. ,. 358.

389

log !i

= 0,505 1500

logeos~=9,8177177

-10

log /'} . eos ~ = 0,322 8677

10g

/'}

. eos ~ = 2,103 138

6..

. eos 7. = 0,824069

0,380 21 ] 2

log cos 7. = 9,5357526 - 1

l()g /'} cos 7. = 0,915 9638 -

~ =2,9

. 6.. . eos ~ + 6, . eos 7. -iloga = 4,570 7134 log(6..a

Zog sin ~ = 9,877 ] 925 - 1
log sin ~ = 4,447 9059 . . .

~ =

eos~+ 6,

5,827 207

. eos 7.+ 6.. )

= 0,7654604

=4,4479059

[6.. ,- eos~+ 6. eos~+ 6, =0,317 5545-4,

Slll ~

log L

6.. =

0,0002078

'( = log 6, - Zog sin 1"

= 6,317 5545 - 10-(4,6855749 - 10) = 1,631 9796,

6.. =
,lli.

42,85".

6,

6.. 6.. ,

137 ) -

.!

,\7.-

6. - 6. . eos. - Ii . eos ~ _ ,
000 0052
bsuz'(

390

- [}

[~ =

fj,

._......... .......

.. = -

+sinfj, -

6. . eos

+6

fj, . eos ~ - fj, eos '1.

.().,

m6,(

. eos "(

Sl1Z I:J

. - 0,000 0043

D,a.

= _ 000 1()
,

fj, = 1,08", D, ~ = - 0,88",

141.

rJ..

6. "( =

, , IJ.

0,20".

fj,

+ fj, ~ + 6 "( = .

'.', ,

fj, ~

fj, , fj,~, fj, ,

(3,

137),

fj, ~

are. L:J< =

t-'l

. 137)
= - are fj, IJ.

D,a

fj,b

1
t ~
.
- tg + g- fj, u..

t-' tglJ.

ffj,b

D,

, fj,

areD, "(. '

[3-

+ eotg~) are D, + eotg ~ are D, ~

. sin (. : ~) __
eotg + eotg ~
sin . sin ~

= (cotg' .

IJ.

IJ.

sm '(
sin IJ. sin ~ ,
I\L\

u -- --'

6 '

tg ~

sm '
.
.

sm IJ.sm

;,i1J.

sl.n IJ. =' ( .

N. sm

Teo~

are !i

rl-a
_

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are ,~C u..

acos~
.

391

6,

= -

, ,

,.

+l

t"

1":,?

lJ.

tglJ.

r6 - --
6 1 tg

~,

137),

u.

t
eotg,

g, --=--::::-0 u
eos t'

lJ.

tg~+tg,6a_tg~6b

tg,

eotg lJ.

tgr

sin (~+.)
tg~+tgr= eos~eosr

sz

sz lJ.

.- =

6_ =

__ sin ~ eos,
eos ~ sin,

i\ =

sin

(. +~)

lJ.

eos

lJ.

eos

+ sin

_ sin ~ eos, _

sin eos ~

sin '(

eos ~

lJ.

eos

eos,

sin (.
eos~eosl

eos lJ. eos ~ eos r

.

sm (. eos ~

lJ..

sin u.
eos ~ eosr tgj

+.

eeotg-rl
d
6
eos t"

lJ.

sin

~,

lJ.

392

sin [~

/\
U

sin "(,

sm

D,

eos
1.
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=
u
eos [~
eos ~

t
/\
g ~ I~ .

, t

137d)

/\

D, ~ = u

/\ ,=fD,b
U

/\

= U
eos (~

/\
U

tg
'

tg P

+ tga D,

D,a1tgB

(: D, r

/\
U

sm r

D,

eos 'VI U/\

eos ~

eos ~

areD,a

D,~)

t
/\
g ~ U

.
1
.

1.
.
.

142.

Jlll

uu,
,

! , u

) .
. .

143.

-n.

! .

394
, r

, , '

um

(Oegenpunkte).

. l )

1Z

. )
2

(spharische Strecke)

144.

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1)

) lj r , l ,
.

2)

. .

lj, , .

395,
, Jl

. t

t.

I{

TaHrel;lTe

,
, , '

'

. ,
, t.t.
.

}'

t.

110

t.

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winkef)

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,

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t. -

.

t.

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, .

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t., ,

396

. , :

, }(

1800.

.
,
t() (90 0) . )
.

. , }(
. (:

0 .

900),

, .

'

. .

I(

3600.

. .

145.

11 ,

, 0 .

. , 3 , .. , ,
.

"

.',

,_

"

. <

(sphtirischer Halbmesser)

, , 3 ,

l{,

I{

--

t n l{.

!{

!{

I{

vl
ij

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(spharisches Zweieck).

l{ "

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) ()

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, .

, ,
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,

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.

t ;

-.

Il

1800),

,
.

, .

.
.

I<

I<pyrOBa,

, .

l{

),

t .
, ..

1800

pacMaTpateMo,

t,

I<

I<

1800,

1800.

2.
.

147.

~,

',

:R '

(Ecke)

(krperlicher
r

WinkeZ).

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399

dres),

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, .

, ,

- (Kanten, aretes), , -
,

(angles plans).

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, ,

. {Winkel, angles diedres). , .

, (Scheitel, sommet) (Spitze)
.

148.

ij

- .

(. .

81.)

1::

1::

1:: =

~(AOB, )=, ",::(,)=, , )= .

(. .

1.),

400

t.

1.

'

(.

:1,

:
~ ---\---i.;:

-...... .... --.... '... -.. -..

2(St: 2)

2(St: 1

( ),

82.

( .

\12

?}()l;\

2(St: z

).
,

2.

(. ),
I< ( \ 2 )
(. .

2 ..

\ _1 ,.

144.).

, , 2

, . , \
~ \ 2

%\2(St: 2 ,

2(St:\,

,.

:1

1: (,

11

2(St: 2

).

.'1 ,
, ?

149. .
' ' (. .

82.),

'', ''

'

() , -

401

. / '8/ ',

I-

..

!{

1800,

1800

l.

8").

fi .

83. l{aA

h Y3~1eMO

1800

I{

PQ PR . !{

R,

11

QS

RS : MN

'"

'

..

'. '.

PQRS,

....... '. R

1800.

.(3

83.

900.

1::: -+ 1::: s
6

(.

82.)

'''
, .

///

),

'''

//' ' ,

1tl

26

402

1800 ''''.

, R

,
.

u.iJll.1l 1 .

1800,

'

~ '

RaAa-

', ' '.

,

'' '.

.\\

' ',

. , , , ,
;

' ,' ,'

', ', ' ' ' ',

h :

+ ' =--= 1800

+ '- 1800

-1- ' = 1800

I -t- ' .::. 1800

138)

+' = 1800

+ ' --1800

1800 -
1800 -
'
' . _- 1800 -

"

"
"
"

"

,
~

' .:-=

'

= 1800 -
' =:= 1800 -
'--1800

-.

( ', ', ')

( --,

crpaHe

, --)

u .
,

403

150.

\:

!{

<:(. ,)
),

'

1::::

()

{,.

DFO __1

(. .

84).

.1::::

, _1 .

AQB {
FO,'i.oja TaKoiJe

, - .'"
1

, '

1::::
-1::::
/

--

1:::: ?

-- )::
.

l.

900,

84.

6 ODF ~. L';. ,

DF--EF

1::::

--

1:-: =-=900,

=:6 ,

1) , jeAHill{e, 30ljeMO .

26*

404

-.

"

~:FDG=<FG<()~-1:(,)q..!d.
,

1. 3. jeH~!{e . {
\

'

"

) PQrJa ),

. ,-

2.

3. _2

900),
900).

..

. . '
_

2.

()

':

.,

"-_'1

1. . , AaKl\Ei,
(. . 84.)
,
,

--1::. (,

(, ).'<'

-1::

fi 3

DFO
DFG

~ , ~ .

PQf'.lJ;:>e!?oj

..-

~ .

<

<

-1::FDG
(

';,

1:= (,

900'

1:

1: FDG

1: (, ),

1:1

lf

405

DFO ~ L'::,. ,

DP--=- ,

2. /
--

);:: ODP

;.,~

900

60DF~ 60

-1:: DOF

1:: ,
,

2.

5::

-1::

q. . d.

- 1 '

. ,

, .

149.

, t

, (
)

2.
flpaBa

900),
(900).

TeopcJ'rta.

";

'

) t

149)

1.. .

Tpete

(.

(Tpetera

).

406
. h

t'.,
...

...

". - -....' .
.
.
.,,,.,-'"1)

<>.

""_-oo._ooooo_
:" './
-0'''0
O__ OO'OO_._o.oJ
_ _~E_
~'"

.-;-

,.

!{h

.,,

85.

< + BOCl).

D
, . DE.

, .

-1:: DOO

-1::

F D

DF : EF>DE

DF+EF>DO+OE

DF

DO

OD

OD,

ODF ODO,.
~J..:: DOF
-1:: DOO),

>.

, .

0-

, >

-1:- > -1:: ,

1) II ,., :.\\

40
,

;;::: DOF-- -::): DOO,

.1= DOF -+ -1:.~ EOF> -1: DOO + -1=

q. . d.
G.

-1- >

l\\

OD

OD.

. ,

COD

1:~

OD

86.

Ol''I1

+ .1= COD > 1:~ .

N Vl

4.

TeOpe,\~e.

la.

CBal{OMe

)
. I{

(.

(3600).

. eo~e
.

,
.
,

408
t

./'

(3.)

:>

-1-:- :>

+>,
,

. 87.

. BAC-~CBA-t-ACB

1800,

+ + + + + > 1800

1800

OAB-'-'

1800

1800

~!1

(++') > 1800,

31800

q.

d.
Uif1el.

':

. , .

Uvlefl 3. .

I{ s (. .
88.)

"

<.:: 3600.

._-----,
8

,
!1 =

!z

88.

3600 - <:= ,

409
-,

5.

-"

fi l1

(1800),

(5.400).

. , , , , ,
~

f
,

', '

, ', ', '

(4.)

138)

+ 1800

149.

+ 1800

++. >
'

"

< 3600,

1800.

1800.
3. 1800,

, ,

1800

1800.

5400

149.,

bf+C '

>', '+'>',

ai+b'>c'

1800

+ 1800
+ 1800

1800

1800

+ 1800

>

138

1800

> 1800

>

1800

410

-f-
:

< 1800

< 1800
< 1800,

+
, ,

-+ + < 5400.
.

151.

, , ,
,

, I{ , ,

(Scheiteldreicck).

.
.

, ,

_ (~);

( ),

) t

:<

( B~paBHa)
.

"

u-

(~),

(.

: )

YBel{

411

( ) -

I{.

i10

- u.

; \l , ', ' '.

' ' '. '

'

(. .

145.)

--

'

900

'

'

900

'

'

-- 900

'

900

' .::.=

900

'

900

'
'

--

'

Te~leHa , ,

' ', ' ', ' ' ' ' '.

, , ' ' ' ,

'''.
.
UD

, , , ,

I10'

'

1800.

, !, ', ', ' ,', '

138)

412

1391).

..152. . -- ()
. 148., . 150.

,'

t .

1.

lf. , '

1.

,
.

- ,

3.

1.

Jel-JaKe,

, .

--

, '
,

3.

2.
\l

.
.

900,

900,
-- 900.

ll
(. .
1)

- 900,

Tpeta

145.).

l( flO .1li .. 3-

+ ' =

1800.

lJ ' '. 3 01(0

3II :1 (. .

' '

144.).
900. '

' ' ::; .

II '' =

+ 900 + ' =

, :1

+ ' =

' (. .

145.) 11

18:)0..

.1l

9lP

413

2.

. ,

--

. .

3.

2.

3.

1.

( . 900),
( 90), t .
.
-- 900,
--- 900,
.

3.

, .

'\1

t :

4.'

+ > ,

+ > , + > .

5.

< 3600.

(3600),

.

.

(1800),

(5400):

< + + < 5400.

(140
1800

(shish

exces spherique);

(139

1800

--f- +

Excess,

t ,

( 141

414

5.

sl

142)

/</

2~

"L~'

'2

. :v\ ;\\

Beta

.
.

>.

,, ,
,
I

h ~

;'

/
I

,,-:_ _-

BAD .
te, 2. , AD
BD.
. AD+ CD
> BD+CD>AC, .
>.

89.

7.

t )I-I

Behoj

. (. .

89,)

>,

1800

< 1800

.'

lvl

.\1, ' . ,

< ' .
' > 1800- ',
'

1800 -

415
,

l{

&

> . .

8.

..

d.

'

1800

11

11

,
:

1800

,
.

1800

.:

'..

:".

\.

B 1,
-- B 1

1800.

.
,

90.

> 1800
<

+B~

9.

..

900,

'

,,

~OOO

, :

416

, ;,

900,

900.

900,

. ->
/' 900 ,
.~

<.

....

"

'--

'

:-; 1800
<~

+ /, 180.
<--

">
.

~/

;\1,

8.

900,

<'

,.

<----..,

/
,/~

6.

>....

<

2<:+

, . +

~
1800
.. <--

'-

~::: 900 q. . d.

<

417
:

. ,

10.

,
,

(.

143.),

,
.
(

),

<R

134)

125.

.

, , .
. ,

' "

,
. ,
~ ,
.

,

27

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153.

1.

. .

\\

\\,

\\,

\\.

t'

,I

.,,
I
I

'.

91 .

\\\, 2 2 2 .
.

2 2 . .

t,

, t .

t
2 2
.~ 2

1: 2
.

, ,,

1= 2
1= 2 ,

419

I<' .

2 2 2 I<.

I<,

l{,

.
.

' ,

151.,
~ 2 2 2 ~ ~ .

TaI<O

~ 3 2 2 ~ ~ 11 1

q.

d.
'\.'

2.
R

' .

I<.
,

I<

I<

1.

; ,

, ,

, ,
fl

, .

'

I< CTpaH~

fi,

,~

I<.

11 1 (. .

91.)

I<

1 1 ,

-1:

1 1 ,

-1: 11 1 .

110 . 1 1 ,

27*

420
' 1 I ,

.' , ' _,

( ) .

4.
{

q,

,..

..

-..

:.' \,

'

. lf

, ):i\

cTpaI;Je

, ,

(3.

),

3,

,..

I1Ma,jy

h .
. :-.

,.
~.

5. .7/ } -:
.
.
.
,",
-

}{

. -,

KOjl1

.,~Q

, h

1800.

. , 1 ::
.
.
.

1.,

1 1 ,

1)

-1- , ~ 1800.

42

1 1 ,
.
.

I<ojoj

- 1 1
1 . 1 1
R, 1 21
~Ha , ,

2
(

1 1

,,,
,,,

,I

152.)

. .

1.

*- 2

~ 2

,,'

'

"
,

,, ,

A~----,'_ _ _- - B Ai-._ _ _---'8'

---,--92.
.

~ 2

+ 1: 2 =

1800,

+ 1 ~

1800.

{'

1 1
.
.
.
, . I

. .

1 1 1
.

~
,

je~OMe

422

, cy~pOTHe
, t
. ~

1800;,
-

. (5.

), ' ',

l\'\

5.

, .

. -

154.

1800.

]}

]S1

'
.

1)

, .

900); 2)

900 3)

900,

1800

, , ,

. ,

900,

.ki

, '

900.

':'

900.

138)

~je

149.,
900.

42-:
'

l.

155.

900;.

. (-

.'

. ' C~\lpK~=/7
D
.
'
DF ,
. 93.
F F

. D

-1: DEF

ODE,
.

(. .

144. . 148.).
-5:: OED 900, -1: DOE

cos

OD'

-1: F

cos

F,

-1: F = 900,

OD =. ----;-

cos

-1::: DOF

60DF,

-1= OFD =

900,

), l{

cos

cos cos .

424

D, DEF,

-r-DFE = 900,

.;-= DEF =

<'

. OD cos sin = cos ~ sin

ODsin
sm
cos
.
.
cos =
( . .)
cosa
cos
tga cotg .
DEF
DF . OD sin
sin
. ,
sin =DE ODsin
sm

<.Cos
,

~)

DEFE = _ sin _.
OD sin

sin

] ~)

=
)')

sin sin

1)

~' )

cos =tgb cotgc

sin = sin sin .

)")

~) ')

)') )")
sin = sin sin

sin

cosb= cos
cosa
tg = tg cos sin
1)

tg

tg

.),

sin sin
cos
cosa= cosb
=='

tg = tg cos b.sin ,

~') ')

~) ) . ~') ')
~) )
, ,

, .

425
t

cos
cos

(8

cos sin
cos sin .

('

(60F)
F

cotgB
.cotg

F:

DF
= : DF

sm
.

. sin

(8

tg cotg

(8'

sin
,

.cos

tg cotg .

cos

) '):

cos =

cos
--,-----,-sin '

cos
. '
sm

cos =

.t

cos

.), ~)
!

(k

cotg cotg .

. . . k)

sin

sin sin cos (900 ) sin sin

= cotg (900 ) cotg
=tgbcotgB
sin
sin sin cos (900 )
sin sin
= cotg (900 ) cotg
=tgacotgA
.cos cos cos
cos sin (90 0-) sin (90 0-)
.
.. \ (143
= cotg cotg
=cotg cotg
r
.cosA = cos sin
. cos =sin (900 - ) sin
= cotg (900
) cotg
=tgb cotgc
cos =sin (900 ) sin
.cosB= cos sin
=tga cotgc
= cotg (900 ) cotg
-

426
.. , , , , ,

t ,

2.

___

. 0

,
, -

. 94.

t :

, -
9().

t -

(. .

170. _ 175.).

156.
.

!l]

' -

,_.

- ' 143) ,'

'

,
t

, .

- 900,

, ,
143) 1 38)
. 149.,

f sin
sin
144)\ cos =
cos =
l cos =

tg cotg sin sin

tg cotga sin sin
----,-. cotg cotg
cos cos
- tg cotg
cos sin
- tg cotg = cos sin .

427

157.

hl

lll

uu;

. !)

CD

,
.

( .

95.),

ACD

BCD

96.)

u- ,

sin h

sin

sil1

sin h = sin sin ,

,;,

sin

: sin

sin

: sin

,
;h

,,
,,

11-

I
I

----...--,

95.

96.

u-
,

sin : sin = sin

sin :,sin =sin
1)

: sin
: sin ,

3 ' .

428

I<oje

sin

145)

: sin

: sin

sin : sin : sin

sin
sin sin
sin = sin. = sin '
I<ao

.
. Q

, . , ,
,
. :.

1)

sin

s~n sin ..

sma

, . , ,

2)

, . :

sin =

sin
.
sm

.
sm

h ,

, 1800 . 1800.

158.

'

1i .

429
:

+
+

cos cos cos sin sin cos )

I
cos cos cos sin sin cos (
cos = cos cos + sin sin cos .
=-

CD
BD

AD -

(. -.

95.

(146 .

96.).

u- ,

cos

(. .

cos

96.),

--

cos cos
cos

cos h cos .

(.

+ sin sin ,

+ sin sin )

( u- --

ACD)
-cos.IJ
cos h =
,
cos
cos cos sin cos

'=-

. cos =

tg .

ACD
cotg tg ,

cos

__

tg
:,

-]

tgb cos ,

cos

cos tg

cos cos

cos 11 (cos cos

95.)

sin bcos

cos ,

+ sin sin cos .

430

cos

cos .
. t

t :
I

1)
. t

, .

+ sin sin cos .

,

cos

COS ( COS

' .
. 146)

2)

cos cos cos

cosA=
sin sin

146)

cos =

cos

cos
cos
---;.:-------:.--sznc szn

cos

cos

cos
cos
---::----:-----.
sin asin

159.
.
,

146)

138)

147)

cos =
cos
cos

cos Bcos + sin sin cos

cos cos sin sin cos
cos cos + sin sin cos ,

149.

431

cos + cos cos

cos =
sin sin

7-

cos -- cos co~ cos I

szn sm
r

(147

cos

+
cos

cos

---:-'-----;-----;--=--sin sin
.

cos =

11

U.. h . 147) 3
, .
h , h . 147a)

~a

160.

BD

CD h
, AD _.

llu-

ACD

tg

BCD
=

'!!
h
Sll1 V

:h

tg h = tg sin ,

I
I

tg = tg . sin

szny
, a~o sin = sin

- cos CSll1 , .
tg sin
tgA=
sin cos cos sin.x
"

A~o

tg

) =

95.

sin cos

ig tg

sin

cosc tg

, ~ojy 3.

BCD,

"

432

tg - tg cos ,
t.

tga sin
tgA=--sin tg cos cos '

tg

tg =sin

tga sin
tga cos cos '

l<

tg

tg ...

sin
48) . ~I tg , .
sm

tg =

tg sin
tg cos cos

tg sin

'
tg cos cos
sm

--"

sin

tg sin
tg cos cos

tg sin

tg cos cos

tg
sin
tg
sin
~.,----,.----=-------c-----,.- = ~C---~-=-------=
sin tg cos cos
sin tg cos cos

u.
t. , . t.-

,

1 1.

..

tg =

tga sin
-:--::--=---~--=
sin tg cos cos '

tg =

tg
sin
-:-----=---c-----~_=_
sin
tg cos cos '

Jl -

.148)

, .

.

433

138).

149.

148)

t.

tg = sin
tg =

tg sin
tg cos cos

tg sin

tg sin
tg cos cos

tg sin

+ tg cos cos

sin

tg = sin

sin

tg sin
tg cos cos .

sin

tg sin
tg cos

+ tg cos cos \

sin

cos ')

"

. " ,

, . , ,

HaiJeMo

. :

iJ

cos

+ sin Sill cos

19,

cos

(. .

'

l1 .

cos -- cos cos

tg sin
tg cos cos

tg =sin

'

tg = sin

162.

tg sin
tg cos cos

"

2 cos

1-

-=- -

cos

22.),

co~ cos

sin

sin 2

sin + 2 sin sin cos .~

2

=cos(b+c)+2si~ sin cos ~

2

<

28

(149

434

cos

cos cos

~os

+ sin sin

2 sil1

sil1 sil1 ~
2

'22'
2 Sll1''
Sll1 Sll1

. )

I{'

cosa

cos

cos(b+c)
2 sil1 sil1

cos 2 =
.
Sll1

2 =

sin ~

cos-

{,

{{

21

24.,

( + + ) sil1 ~ ( + )
sil1

Sil1~(a+c

2 =

.Sll1

c)cos
2 sil1 sil1

sil1

b)sil1~(a+b
sil1

silZ

i-'DIj c -

1
2 (

2 s,

+ + )

s,

2 ( +

1 -

2(+

os 2

ISil1ssil1(S )
sil1 sin '

.
Sll1--=
2

) sin (s-c)

sin (s
Sill

sil1

435, ,

sin (s ) sin (s
sin s sin (s )

tg 2 =

1
sin (s

sin (s -

sin (s szn s

sin (s -

--'----.:-'---'-:-.-~.--'-----'---~,

SZN

2'

Sll1 2 cos 2

.
,1
sin s sin (s
. Sll1
Sll1
.

) sin (s -) sin (s -).

szn 2 =

) sin (s

sin (s
sin

.
Sll1

2 =

Slll - - =

sin (s
sin(s

')

.....

) 1

sin

sin (5
sin sill

(150

a)sin(s-b)
sin sin

cos -=
2

cos 2

cos

sin

sin

'-~--I
=

sin s sin (s
Sl!Z szn

,-------

sin s sin (s
sin sin

(151

23*

tg 2 =~.~(- - - )

sin (s

sin (s

Sll1 S

) si

(s

) si

(s

) si

(s

Sll1 S

-152) {tg =

Itg ~
t

sin (s

) si

sin (s

Sll1 S

) si

1
si

(s

(s

(s

SL

fsi
153)

I si

I
tsin
163.
.
!{

.
vsissi(s
SllZ
Sll1

sin (s

b)sin(s

si (s

sin (s

b)sin(s

Sll1

Sl!l

Sl!l

2 .

Sll1

Vsil1

(
,
.
(

Sl!1S Sl!l S

) si (s

b)sin(s

- .

2.

ij i1

. .

147)

cos --

cos cos

+ sin sin

cos

cos

2 cos ? -

cos = 1 - 2 SlI1- 2 '

. .

),

++

2 S,

437

(++
)
,

S
,

~(B+C

~(C+A

cos (S

cos 2"
cos (S

cos -=
2

cos (S

cos (S
sin sin
cos (S
sin sin
)

sin

cos (S
sin

(154

. .

. Sln

Sln -2=

-sSs(S
sin sin

- cos S cos (S
. sin Csin

-cos Scos (S
sin sin

--,

(155

438

tg~

cos (S

-sS

cos(S

A)cos(S--)s(S
,,

[56)

. ) tg 2

cos (S

cos(S

cosS
A)cos (S ) cos (S

cos(S

cosS
A)cos (S ) cos(S

tg-

cos (S
2

f sina --;
, V
sm sm

cosScos(S,~A)cos(S

. . B)cos(S ----,- 5
,

-,

157)

Sillb

'sin C2sinAV---s-S---S(-S-)s (S

B)cos(S-),
,
,
''
,

-) cos (S- ) cos (S-C)~,

sm sm

. 154), 155), 156)

157) , ,
. ,
,
, t ,
, .
,

'
150), 151), 152) 153)
~

"

1800
,
,
" 1800
,
,
" 1800. ' ,
3 . 1800
2 S,
s " 3 . 900 S

1800
,,1800
" 1800
2s

. sm

cos

"

cos

"
"

Sll1 S

.,

2'

sm ,
"
cos (S-A), "
cos S .

"
"

"

2'

{:otg

tg
.
,
2
"
sin
"
sin (s-a)

"

sm

"

2'

"

.164.

.
sm
cos
-(. .

s
.

SIn

162.

:2

-2

16,

=
=

2 cos -2- - cos -2- Sll1 -2-

Sll1

cos

19.)

cos -- + Sll1
2

.
Sll1

- - Sll1 ---,--

-2-'

.
Sll1

150)

2' cos 2

151)

+2 =

sin (s -

+ sin (s-b)

Sll1

, t .

sin

sin (s

151)

7-

sin s sin (s -)
sin sin '

)
si~ (s
sm

) .cos ....
r'2

, 'I 'I

'

21)

24.

. 440

.2s-a-b
-
2 sm
2
cos- 2

.+=
sm 2
- - - - - - - - - - - - cos -2
.

2 sm-cos2
2

.
?_sm 2cos

cos 2'

2 sm 2 $ 2 .

. +'
sm 2

cos--2-

cos 2 .

cos2

sm 2

. -
sm - 2
.
--~\-cos2
.
sm-

,)

cos

+=

cos

2.
---- sm 2

cos -

-
cos 2

Sln

. sm 2 .

sm 2
I{

(3),

. h

3 , . ~)
' ' .

,)

441
-

.' eos 1
sm'
eos - = eos

sm

.,

- eos--

sm -- 2 .eos-2

sm

cos
.

cos

eos
eos

cos 2

cos 2

.
. -

sm -2 = sm 2 cos 2

+.

sm 2

.
sm 2

cos 2 = eos
cos 2 = eos

eos
cos

sm

sm
. .2

fCOS

sm

-~

. 2

sm

.
sm 2

+ .
sm 2 sm 2

+ . .
sm 2 sm 2'

442

165.

158)

011

u-

f .
tg

+
2

cos
cos
eos

t +
g

59)~

(g

cos

eos

'
+
tg
2

eos
=

tg

+
2

eos

sm

tg

tg

2'
I

f...

B~ 2

A
+ cotg 2 tg
2

2'

+ eeog 2
2

+
2

. sm

--

tg B 2

+ tg 2
2

sm
2

cotg 2'

+- -

Sll1

Sll1

.-

--.

eos

cos

2
cos 2

+
2

tg

Slll-~-

tg

.-

eos
eos

2 =.
eotg 2

sm

Slll

sm

=.
eotg 2 tg . 2

+
sm 2

eotg 2 .

443
. -
:

t
, . , ,
. . 159)
:

1)

tg

+2

cos ----=2:-

+ tg

2'

cos '2

tc;

Slll

=.

--

+ cotg

2'

Sll1

Sl/l

tg -2 = ,

Sl/l

tg ----=2:--

, . , .

2)

I1,

tg

+
2

tg

cos --=2--'-, t
=
+ g2'
cos- 2
.

--

Slll

=.
Slll

+ tg 2'
2

444

, sm ....

tg 2

sm

166.

+ cotg

Tal<O ,

I<

I< I<

!Ie

1<0Je

I< .

I<

110.

i,

I< ')

I<
,

.
Tal<Be

cos
cos
cos

146)

cos cos
cos cos
cos cos

I<

+ sin sin cos

+ sin sin cos
+ sin sin cos ,

(. .

al<O

146,

158.).

146) , , .
: . 8
, ,

1)

, .
,

445
, , !I

-r-

TeMe~y

).

5= DAE
(. .

1=:: -- .

= ,

144.).

l-I :

'

AD

1:=

'1.

97.

.
DE

AD

+ "

2 AD cos ,

DE = OD

ADE

DOE

2 OD . cos

),

AD

= OD

AD = r tg ,

+
+

.
2

2 . AD . cos

2 . OD --

cos ,

= r tg ,

OD =

: ' = c:S

r2 tg 2

+r

tg 2 -

2 tg tg

cos

446
,

05 2

5in 2 05

"-,

cos 2 ,

+ sin c cos
cos + 05
2

si

sin cos cos cos =

2 cos cos cos ,

2 cos cos cos =

(1- 5in b)cos c+(1-sin c) cos b+2 sin sinccos cos cco.sA
2

2 cos
2 cos cos
2

05

cos =

+ 2 sin sin cos cos cos

cos

cos

cos

+ sin sin cos

q. . d.

.
,

146)

h .

(.

OAperyeH

3.

, . .

153.),

146)

, (

,.

< 1800); h

,
h

146),

146)

447

, ,

t ),

Ol{

146)

O(;I;IOBHe

,
, t

151), 152)

153)

. . t

150),

162.

;! .

162.

158) . 164., t , , [[-

159) . 165. (. 145
. 157.) . 153) .
162.
.

155), 156)

157)

147)

(.

163.).

(.

159.), 154),

. (
.

90) u- : .
143) . 155. . 144) . 156.
, , . 148) . 160.
. 149) . 161.
, ,
, ,

146)

eos ,

448

cos

cos cos

+ sin sin cos cos + sin sin cos

sin sin cos cos + sin sin cos ~

cos (1- cos 2 )

sin

n,

160)

cos sin

cos sin

+ sin cos
sin cos cos + sin cos

coscs~a

s~ccosacosB+s~bcosC

cosas~c

s~acoscwsB+s~bcosA

cosbs~a

s~bcosacosC+s~ccosB

tcos sin

sin

cos cos

sin 05 cos

+ Sifl cos ,

l{aA

Sifl
Sifl

.
si sin
, sma= Sifl

sin sin
sinb= . sin

.
si
, smc=

Sll1

si

sin
sin

si

Sifl

Sifl
sin

.
si sin
, sma= si

( )
si ,

. si

~jn ,' t

449

+ sin cotg )
cotg sin -- cos cos + sin cotg
cotg" sin cos ;) + sin cotg
cotg sin = cos cos + sin Bcotg r
cotg sil1 = cos cos + sin cotg
cotg sin
cos cos + sin cotg .
cotg sin

cos cos

cos sin

160),

(161

== sin cos cos -1- sin cos

sinb=

sin
sin

sin

.
sin
sin
, smc=
sinA

sin cos sin .

sin
= sm

cos

' ---L
COS

sin sin cos

sin

sin cos sin

sin cos sin cos

+ sin sin cos ,

Sll1

cos sin

cos Sill

-- cos

sin cos

+ cos sin '

+ cos sin
cos sin cos + cos sin
( (162
cos sin cos + ~os. sin I
cos sin cos + cos sin
cos sin ,cos + cos sin
cos sin

cos

cos sin
cos sin

cos sin
cos sin

29

45()
.

h ,

. ,

!i\

I{

(
.

cos sin

cos
sin cos

162)

cos

159.).

147,

sin
cos sin

cos sin
cos sin

cos 2

-+ cos sin cos + cos sin ,

aI{

cos sin

(1 - cos

----' cos sin

cos :. cos sin

cos sin

sin

.' cos

cos

+ cos

fcos
147)

-- - cos cos +sin sinC cos .

IA

Icos

- cos

cos

+ sin sin cos .

({

146)

147),

I{

+ sin sin cos

cos cos + sin sin cos

cos -- cos
cos

= -

.'vlO

. '.

cos

cos ,

cos

'.

'.

451

+ sin sin cos =

cos cos cos + sin sin cos
cos cos cosA

sin 2 .

- cos cos

cos2

!1

sin 2 , cos2 a =

cos

+ sin sin

+ sin

t.

sin

sin

sin

sin sin

sin

.=

sin a
2

t.

, (

cos cos cos

sinb sin . sin sin

sin

sin . sin Csin

sinb sin + cos cos cos = sin Esin - cos cos cos .
:

(163

sincsina + cosccosa cosB=sin sinA -cos cosA cosb

sinasinb + cosacosbcos =sisi-s cosB cosc.

163),

Andrea Cagnoli

(3

1743.

1816.).

2.

. 167.

ABDCA

29*

. D,

R .

'

_.

-."

Sl

. ,
.

,
.

'
-

4 '1t
.
2

'>-

:.4''1t

3600,

164)

aRO

900 '1t -

')

98.

R :

1800

== . A:'1t
,

l4)

168.

'

+ 6

164)

BCD -...

98"

ABDCA --

~o

'1t

'1t

.....

6+6=
,

6
Roje,

+ 6 --

= :

"
"

. CDE,

(.
,,

je,Rao R,
. 151.),

+ + BCD + + CDE

.'

;
. '

++
2
"'"

-----;-~:-::-;;-":_, 900.
1.

-1- BCD+ + CDE= 2

'1t

2 ,

453

( + + - ~800) ~;06

++

1800

.(165
,.

, , , . . ,

: 'it, ,

1800

= .

169. .

(165

r ,

.
, .

~.

+ -f--

1800.

I{ . .

( )

]]

h ,

u- ~
Rh

<:-,

. ,

<

-:

, , :

i'

h , ':'
h

'

'.

'

1.
h8 , . , .

454
ij -

. +

.
sm 2 eos 2 = eos - 2

cos

eos 2'

cos 2

.
sm 2-

.
sm 2

. t.

. +

sm 2 eos 2

eos 2 = eos

+ eos

sm 2 eos 2

.++

sm

eos-=
.
2

f + . . . 2
(OS 2 eos 2 sm 2 sm 2 eos 2

. 1

.2

eos -2 eos 2 - sm 2 sm 2) sm 2

.++

2' sm

+ +

900'
--'--------"--- =

eos 2'

eos 2 eos 2

+.

+.

eos 2 eos 2
eos 2 eos 2

. ( 2
. 2
sm 2 sm 2 t eos 2 - sm 2'.
.

sm 2 sm 2 eos ,

455
-

+. .

cps 2 cos 2

,sm 2 sm 2 cos

cos 2 =

eos- '
2

sm 2'.

cos 2

eos
=

+2 eos 2 -

+
.' I

. 2 sm -21 eos 2

sm

.
sm

+
_ eos ~_
22
lf

cos

2 cos 2

eos

A-f-B+C
2

cos -

..

- sm 2 sm -2 sm ,

eos

+ -i--.C =
2

sm 2'
..

sm 2

sm-sm--sm

.
(l

-------

eos2

l ) l )


'

..

sm -2 sm 2- sm

tg 2 = - - - - - : - - - - - - - : - - - =
.
+.

eos 2 eos 2 sm 2 sm 2 eos

sin
t

g 2 g 2

+ eos

(166

456
u. ,

900, , ,
166)

167)

tg 2

tg 2 tg 2'

.q fi

2.

- lq,

.+

szn

cos- 2

cos 2

cos 2

.
szn

szn
,

cos 2

+2 + cos 2-

cos --2
--

cos

cos 2.

cos 2

+ cos 2'

. 1800

szn

sin ~

(.t

( -t +

21

1800) cos ~

24.),

( +

+ 1800)

457
l1

eos

eos

sm~-

sm 2

.
sm 2-

.
RO]e,

eos

+ eos

eos 2

A-+-B~=

.
sm

+'

eos -2 + eos - 2

eos

eos

1800

, ,

++1
,eos 4 ( + +
sin 4 (

'

+'
1
1800) eos 4 ( + 1800) sin 4 (

+ 1800)
+ 1800)

458

tg ~ (

++-

180) tg ~

( + - + 180)

) ~) ,

1 ..
1 .
1
tg 4 (+ b+c)tg 4 ( +c-a)tg4 (a+c-b)tg 4 (a+b-c)~
,

, ,

++

,2 s,

. - (Sim-ti
Lhuilier, 1750.
1840.)
t.

168)

tg 4

tg 2 tg

tg

t s
g 2 .

I
.

1.

170.

.
.

, .

.
r

459'
,

cos = cos ,
cosa

143)

155.

'

cosB=tga cotgc.

:
.

143)

sin = _s~n ,
sm
, ,

cos =cosasinB=tgbcotgc, tg = tga

sin

143).

cotg_B_ ..
cos

.
:

II 4' 15" ,

41 I ' 8" .

:
, .
.

cos
cos = ~~
cos
log cos = 9,535 5240
log cos = 9,875 9997
logcosb= 9,659 5243
=

cos = tg cotg
()

log tg = 9,9432767
log cotg = 9,562 7340 (),.

()

logcos = 9,506 0107 ().

1800 - 62049' 58,3"

1170 10' 1,7";

1800 -71 17' 55,2"

= 108042' 4,8".

t =!~a

g
sin
logtga = 9,9432767
logsin = 9,9492331
log tg = 9,9940436
=

440 36' 25,6".

460
.

.
sm

sma
= - .Sl11

log sin = 9,8192765

log sin = 9,9727900
log sin = 9,8464865

{)

7.

171.

= 44036' 25,6",

1800 -

152.

\{.

, .
.

143)

tga.
tg =sinb'

cos = cos cos ,

,

'cos

tg cotg ,

cos

tg cotg .

=83 0 1'14",
:

=7406'28".

.
, .

cos = cos cos

log cos = 9,0846236
log cos = 9,437 4789
logcos = 8,5221025

= 880 5' 35 5" .'

tfY =

logtga=0,9121462
log' sf = 9,983 0751

g
sin
log tg = 0,5455961
log sin = 9,996 7698

logtg = 0,9290711
= 83017'5,4";

log tg = 0,5488263
= 74013' 10,8".

>

sf

1i .

172.

t =.!g

tga

, ;

. .

tg = coig ,
cos

143)

tg -- tg cos .

143)

. sin = sin sin ,

,

cos
cos = cos

cos
sin '

tg

sin tg - tg cos .

=71 0 14'9",

=6203'47".

:
, 11 .

cotg..._
cos
[Gg cotg = 9,7245205
logcosc =9,5074154
"

tIJB=

fO,s:tgB=0,2171051
= 58045' 34",

tg = tg cos
log tg = 0,468 8 i
logcos = 9,6707092
log tg = 0,1395753
. 5403' 8,8";

-462

ig = sin ([{
log sin = 9,9082462
log tgA = 0,275 4795
logtg = 0,183 7257
= 560 46' 23,5" .
u).
: :

'6.

sin =sin csin

log sin = 9,976 2815
',.- sin = 9,946 1887 .
log sin = 9,9224702

= 56046' 23,5".
1800 -

. 152.

173.

({,

. !{ .

Haf:Jy

. , .
.

143)

fg

Sil1

tg ,

tg

ta

__

cosB

cos = cos sin

137015'40",

=58 0 21'16".

, .
.

tg = sin

tg

log sin = 9,831 6512

log tg = 0,21 2074
log tg = 0,0418586
=47 0 45'24,8";

tga

tgc=-=cosB
log tg = 9,9056865 ()
log cos = 9,719 8804
logtgc = 0,245 8061 ()
= 1800 - 600 24' 43,8"
= 1190 35' 16,2";

463

cos 'cos sin

log cos = 9,865 9647 (11)
logsin = 9,9300877
log cos = 9,796 0524 (11)

174.

= 1800 - 51 17' 58,6" = 128042' 1,4".

,.

CTpalje

, .

. , .

cos

-
__ =

cos

Sln

'

cos

cosB

sin

cos

'

143)

- cotg cotg .

= 6507' 18,3",

= 790 14' 35,8".

, .
.

cos =

cos

cos =

'-. --Sli1

cos

Sll1

9,623 9637

iog cos = 9,271 0031

log sil1 = 9,992 3009

log sin = 9,957 7048

logcos =9,631 6628

log cos = 9.3132983

,10/(cos

64038' 44,2";

cos = cotg cotg

log cotg = 9,66 2589
log cotg = 9,2787021 ,
logcosc = 8,9449610
=

840 56' 45, 1" .

= 780 7' 39,9";

464

175.

, .

, .
. ;

, t

143)

t , .

.
sm

sin
sin
sin '

tg cotg , sin =

,
,

cos
.
cos

].

152.,

.
,

1)

< 90,

9.

900 1).

+ < 1800
. 152.) + < 180,

8.

1) .

152.,

cosA
--
cos

900,

sin =
.

, , ,

1800, sin

> ,

, .

(cos

cos

cos )

cos

JI .

: 900~
:

900.

, ,

JI, ,

900.

465

.
sm

sm

sin

< 1800.
2)

+ > 1800,

> 900,

-- 900,
-- 1 = 900.

.sm

sinA . '

+ > 1800.

+ > 180(}

Sl'n

= 900

cos ,- cos ,

143)

,
.

- 900,

" 1 .

, , , , ,

900

1800

1800

99.

1800

, ,

900 .

=9 0 12'27,5", =5 I9'21,4".
:

.
1 .3

, , .

30

466
.
.
Sll1

Sll1

= Sll1.

log sin = 9,800 8082

log sin = 9,904 1806
log sin = 9,8966276
=52 0 0'58" =

<: 1800

1800-5200'58"= 127059'2".

ll

3 = 520 ' 58" :

cos
cos = --cosa

t . ~ cotg-
gcos

log cos = 9,789 1856

log cotg = 9,872 0183

log cos = 9,889 2234

log cos = 9,789 1856

log cos = 9,8999622

log tg = 0,082 8327

. = 50025' 52,2" .

37024' 52,8";
= 127059' 2"

= 1800- 37024'
. 52
'8" = 142035'72"
,

= 1800 - 500 25' 52,2" = 1290 34 ' 7,8" .

=39 0 12'27,5",

=7 0 24'52,8",

=52 0 0'58",

= 53019' 21,4",

50025' 52,2",

=39 0 12'27,5",

=142 0 35'7,2",

= 53019'21,4",

= 900.

=127 0 59'2",

= 129034'7,8", = 900.

401

2.
m m
.

176.

, .

'

""

152)

(.

153

162.).

150), 151),

,'

(. .

+ + < 3600

4. . 152.).

.
:

98014' 27,8",

= 56034' 19,3",

= 75028' 46,5".

:.

, , .
.

log sin s = 9,956 7568

s = 11508' 46,8"

s-

= 16054'19"

log sin (s

= 9,463 5800

s-

= 58034' 27,511

log sin (s -

= 9,931 1 104

s-

=:= 39040' 0,3"

log sin (s -

= 9,8050393

--------~-------------------------

.lD.glr~in{S- ) sin (~- ) sin (s - ) = 9,6214864.

~

SZn'S'

30*

468
1
logtg 2 = log.
(
)
sm s-a

sin (s-a)sin (s-b) sin (s-c)

Sl1Z S

-~

= 9,621 4864 -

9,463 5800 = 0,157 9064

= 550 11' 38,3 111,

2
..

= 110023' 16,6":

.
log tg=
log
.
(
Sl1Z S 2

sin (s-a) sin (s-b) sin (s-c}

.
Sl1Z S

= 9,621 4864 - 0,931 1104 = 9,690 3760 .

=
2

2606' 51,2411,

1
Iogtg=
log
.
(
)
.
. Sl1Z S
2

520 13' 42,5"; .

sin (soC-..) sin (s-b) sin (s-c)

.
Slll'S

= 9,621 4864 - 9,805 0393 = 9,816 4471

- 330 14' 14,07" ,

2

=660 28' 28, 1".

.
.

+ +

fl . ,

1800 = 4905'27,211.

fl l1
(.

s = 57034' 23,4"
2

log tg

s - = 8027'95"
2

,. 2

logt a
.
'"

'

290 17' 1375"

'

logtg

'

logtg

s --

:2 = 0,197 0372

s-b
2

'

= 9,748 3692

. ..

= 16g

tu- tg
"'2

s-a

s-b

s-c

tg -

[-. -

490 5'27,3".

22

'"

? = 12() 16' 21,83 11 ,

= 9 337 5326,

9 i 720365,

s-c
logtg- -=9,557 1224

s -. = /9050'0,15"
#

168.,. . 169:):
.

s-

'

469

- ;

'(],

,, ,
,.

177.

.
{)

154), 155), 156)

157) (. 163.).

, . ,

1800
(.

< + + < 5400 1)

5.

152.).

.
:
,

=47 0

18'56",

118035',

=85 0 4'

18".

:
,, .

= + + -

1800

5= 125029'7"

= 70058' 14".

log cos S = 9,763 7976 ()

Zogcos (5 - ) = 9,3117821

S-

= 780 1' I

S-

= 6054' 7"

logcos (5 -

.s -

= 40024' 49"

log cos (5 -

) =

/1

= 9,996 8414
9,881 6039

log

.
. . - cos5
= 286 7851
cos (5 - ) cos (8- ) cos (8- )
,
.

1) '
, .

>, ,

. .

+ >

(, !1 ) ..
1800-

180 0 ->

1800- ,

+ + < 180 0 +2

< 1800, -i- + < 5400.

+ + < 3600 1800 -

<3600.,

. ++> 18.

'

+ 1800 -

+ 1800.-

470

-cos8
cos (8 _ ) cos (8 - ) cos (8 - )

log tg 2 = log cos (8- ).

.

+ 0,2867851 =

= 9,3) 1 7821

~ = 21 038' 34,72",

, ,
=430 17'94"

logtg 2= logcos(8- ) .

-cos8
cos (8 - ) cos(8 - ) cos (8 -

+ 0,2867851 = 0,283 6265

= 9,9968414

~=

9,598 5672

62030' 20,08",' .

= 1250 ' 40,2";

logtg 2 = logcos (8 - ) .

-cos8
cos (8 - ) cos (8 -B)cos(8 -

+ 0,286 7851 =

0,1 6 3890

~Be .

= 9,881 6039

~ = 55021,70",

178.
h

, .

1.

( .

146

158.),

llh h
- (

158,

164.), u- (
159, . 165.),. r
'. 148, : 160.) .
, . 150),
151), 152) 153) . 162.
2. . h
u- (

159

165.)
160.).

(.

148

471

(
-
.

159,
161.)

165.),

157)

(.

". R

158,

"

164.),

149,

l,

154), 155), 156)

163.

"

95036/4,3",

=43 0 15 / 27,9",

= 650 241 18,6" .

, ,
.

+
2 = 690 251
.46
, 111

- = 260 101 8 2" .

?

'

log sin
logcos

t = 9,9713874

--1-

:2

log" sin -; --:- 9,6445006

log cos ~ = 9,953 02':30

= 9,545 7525

=
2

320 42/9 "

'

""'

log cotg 2 = 0,192 4296.

, u- (

Zogtg

159

+
2

165.)

.cos 2

= log

cotg 2
cos ')

""
9,9530230

= 0,599 7001

+ 0,1924296 "

.
9,5457525

472

+=75053'25
17"
?
..
"
~

-
SlIl-- 2

louta

- =

--.

[
.+

cota1:>2

s 111 ---=--2

= 6445006

+ , I924296 -

9,971 3874

= 9,865 5428

360 16 I 8,48 " .

11

11209' 33,65",

= 39037 16,69".
I

t, , N.h
( .

159,

165.):

cos

tg2,=

cos

2
.

_B tg 2

_.-

log cos

u- -.

= 9,3869959

log tg --2- = 0,425 6349

-

2 -. = 9,906 4688

log cos

log tg 2 = 9,906 1620

.
2

= 38051 ' 2759"

'

= 77042' 55,2".

473

++-

1800 = 370 1 '8,9411.

\l , h

[---

166)

62-

169.

sin

+ cos

cotg 2 co!g 2

Jag co!g ') = 9,9574759

L,

!og cotg 2 = 0,401 7446

cotg co!g ~ = 2,2867595

.logcotg'i cotg i = 0,359 2205

log cos =9,619 3008

cos

cotg 2 cotg 2

=0,416

+ cos =

1988

2,702 9583

Zog sin

log (. co!g 2 co!g 2

= 9,9586946

+ cos / =

0,431 8393
---------------

log tgn = 9,526 8553

L.

=
2

179.

18035' 34,4811,

= 37011' 8,9611.

!( , .

1.

( .

147

159.),

, h -

474

158,

u-

164.),

(.

149,

I{,

159,
161.)

165.),

150), 151), 152) 153) . 162 . .

2.

u- (
.

159,
.

165.)

161.).

I{ ,

(
u-

159,
160.)

156.),

157)

(3.)

1>3.

(.

158,

149,

(.

164.),

148.,

154), 155), 156)

.
.
:

==

134017' 45,6",

103057' 2,9",

129035' 18,7".'

:
, , .

t = 116046' 10,8"
logsin t = 9,950 7661

.
logcos

= 9,653 6031

(),

-2 . = _ 12049'79"
,
log sin
. logcos

--

2'

= 9,3460976 (11)
= 9,989 0386

475

= 6708' 52,8"

log tg 2 = 0,3752749.

159,

165)

+ _

t6

cosj=- 2~49~ 7,9"L 670 8' 5? 8'"

+ tg 2 - cos 1160 46' 10,8" t",
~,
cos--.
2

cos

~_

120 49'7,9~ t 6708' 528"

- c o s 63013' 49,2" g
,
_

log tg

!OS

2-= (9,9890386

+ 0,375 2749:....- 0,653 1). (11)

=0,7107104(11)

! =

1800 _ 78059' 3,27" = 101 ' 56,73/1; .

tg

-_ sll1- 2
2

. A+B
Sll1
2

~_sil1(-1204~'7,9~J_
tg

608' ')8'"
2 - siI11160 46'IO,8" tg 7
5~,

sil1 12049' 7,9"

6708' 52 8"
- sil1 630 13'49,2" tg
,
log tg

= (9,346 0976

+ 0,375 2749 -

9,950 76) (11)

. 9,7706064 (11)

-;- =

_ 300 31' 35,14" .

= 70029' 21,59",

= 131032' 31,87" .

3<11<

-476

. ,

h.,

. t .

.h

159)

'

cos

Ifi =

cos

+
cos(-3003I'35,14")'
cotg 2-- =
cos 101 0'-56,73" - cotg 116046' 10,8

=cos3003I'35,14" '63013'492"
cos 780 59' 3,27" cozg
,

log cos 300 3 l' 35,14" . 9,9352023

logcotg63 0 13' 49,2" = 9,702 8371
log cos 780 59' 3,27" = 9,281 2129

logtg- = 0,356 8265

{ = 660 15' 50,68".

132031'4136".
.
,

180.

+ + -

. , .

1800 = 1860 4' 3" .

"

, .
. h

sin .
.
sin = - : szn ,
szna
h - (

159,

165.),

h ,

159)

471'
,

'tl,

,.

:v1 ,

(,

1800,

.
,

I{

. L,
,

---...

8.

.
.

152.,
~

+~ 1800 -1-< 1800.

tl:
1 ' .

1.

.+ > 1800,

> 180 ,

900 ' ,

2.

!{

>

:.

.- 90

> 90, .
> 900, .

'.

< 90

II + --1800,
+ _.- 180,
1. > 90 < 900, .

3.

2.

90

3.

1.

> 90 .
< 180, ,

+ < i800, 'f0Me

at > 90 t < 900,

.'v

.-. 90,

< 90

..

. ~

~478

2.

< 90,

< 90

3.
;

90

Heope~eHO,

pe~eH, .
,

1.
2.

+ > 180,
" + < 180,

"

~ ,
;,

. . ,

+ > 180, > 90,

. a~~ , ( 7.
. 152.) >, > 90.

+ < 180, < 90,

; > (

152.)

:.:::::,

. .

7.

< 90.

ope~eH, '.
, .

' Heope~eH ,

1.
2.

'

"

"

+ > 180, > 90, >

+ < 180, < 90, < .

ope~eH . .

1.

,. :
=48 0 9' I",=35 0 ,7'24",
' ;

,, . .,

=71 0 49'5".

479
.

Sll1
=

sil1b.

."- S111 .
Sll1

logsinb=9,7617138

log sin = 9,977 7558

,

log sin =;' 9,872 1134

log sin = 9,867 3562

= 47027' 37,72"

= 1800 - 470 27' 37,72" = 132032' 22,28".

"""':'
,

> ,

< ,

47027' 3772"
, ,

- (.

159,

+=

165.)

+ = 41 043' 17"

- = 6025'53"

cos - - - " . _ _
2

_ cos 59038' 21,36"

10
'
1 2A_B tg 2 -cos 12 0 10'4364"fg4 4317
cos
'
2
.

log cos

= 9,703 6718

a-i--b
log fg 2 = 9,950 1883
4-

logcos - 2 = 9,9901141

log tg 2 = 9,663 7460

152 .

-2 = .120 1' 43 ,64"

590 38' 21 36"

2.
'

7.

480

.'>

= 24045' 7,06", '

490 30' 14,12".

2
_ .'> 60 25' 53" "
, ')
tg-i =
a+b cot f{:2
-S41043'17,,tg5903021,),
cos
2

Zog cos
'ZOgcotg

log .'>

9,997 2582

9,767 7313

log tg

++ -

9,872 9657

,' ' 75053' 57,84".

37056' 58 92"
2'
"

'

= 9,8920238

'

1800 = 150 1' 40,56" .

2.
:

. 127056',

= 730 ! 2'.,

= 1420 17'.

' :

, , .
.

+ > 1800,

>

900,

> ,

, ( Uli1) ,

.
,

sin

.'

Sll1
=.
Sll1
Sll1

log si = 9,981 0569

Zogsin = 9,7865791
log sin = 9,8969265
.

47056' 48,21"

log sin = 9,8707095

=

1800 - 47056' 48,21" = 13203' 11,79".

481
.

= 47056' 48,2"

t
t

hl.:

..

. 950 6' 54, "

-;- = 47010' 5,911

-;- =27022'

34'

.
tg 2 =

cos ~:--

2
+
A_B tg 2

cos ~

cos 950 6'54

"

.
47010'5'91ltg100034'

as,

cos 84053' 5,911 7902'

cos 470 10' 5,911 tg
.
log cos 840 53' 5,911. 8,950 1483
log tg 796 26'
= 0,7292214
!!! cos 470 1' 5,9" = 9,8324112
.

. log tg 2 = 9,8469585
_ = 3506' 26 7"
2
' ,

tg 2

,cos
=

cos

+ cotg

.-1,

:2

=712'53,4".

cos ~?70 22'

'
'
cos 1000 34' cot.s 95 6 54,1

cos 27~22' t 840 53' 5 911

cos 79026' g ,
,

!!! cos

270 2 2 ' = 9,9484535

!og cotg 84053' 5,9" = 8,951 8812

log cos 790 26'
logtg

=
2

230 26' 11 35" .

1;

"

= 9,263 3507

.=

9,636 9840.

46V 52'.22711.
,
31

482
=

13203' 11,79"

i\\:

- = 50 ' 54 1"

-; = 37 0 10'5.9"

'

- =100034'

=27022'

--',-
,

cos

tg 2 ~ ~
cos

2 -
cos 1370 10'5,9" 100034
_ -- tg 2 -- cos 506' 54, 1" t g '
2

~ cos 420 4954,! "

790~6'
cos 50 ' 54, " tg
L
.

log cos 420 49' 54, 1" ~9,865 3136

.

log tg 790 26'

- 0.7292214
log cos 50 6' 54, 1 ~ 9,998 271
!I

log tg- =0,596 2679

~ ~ 75046' 58,43",
a~b

tg 2 --,

cos

cos

'.-

....

, --2

tg

151 33' 56,86!1 .

2702

_cos
L
137' 1' 5 9"
=sl4,tg
.
,
,

7022'

COSL.
4~o9'541"
= cos
790 2' cotg L "
,

log cos 270 22'

= 9,9484535

log cotg 42049' 54, 1" = 0,032 9024

- 9,233507

log cos 790 26'

log tg

~=

7909' 48,04'1

= 0,7180052

= 1580 9' 36,08".

483
, , :

. r -" 127 056',

(~

1420 17',

-1

73012',
47056' 48 ,21" ,

460 52'22,7",

=57 0 6'I,91".

I! {

127 56',

1420 I ,

151033'5686"
, ,

=
.

73012',

-'- 1320 31 11,79',

-252 0 39'

1580 19' 36,08" ,

47,87".

181.

.I<Oja

, . ,

fJ.,

; . I<

sinB .
= . ' szn
szn

sin

(t .'\

159,

(.

TaI<O

159)

-"l,

165.),

( ) ' I<,

aI{,

(5.

),
.

].

1tl. t

+> 180 0 ,+' 180,+<18

31*

484
;-

t (5.) .,,
.
, .

+>180 0 ,

1.

+ <

"

2. "

>900,

>

1800, . <900, < .

.
.

1.

:
"

= 7900' 314"
,
I

= 970 4' 20,9",

105042' 18,2".

, , .
.

S/l1 =

sin .
.

Slll

Sl/1

logsinB=9,9919594
log sin = 9,983 4765
log si/l .,-- 9,.9966829
log sin = 9,9787530.
-,

72013' 24,4" . = 1800 - 720 1' 24,4 = 107046' 35,6",

"

,"

6.

72013' 24,4",

152.

"

.. .. .CTpaJ:IY k fh,
)~}"l , - .

> , < .

'f

485
I
-

;- = 88057'51,3"

=901'5475"
'

- = 16044'269"
2

'

.+

2
' 8802'2 1 "
'
t ~=
--_ .... t = Slll
, 5 eu 16044' 26 9"
g2
. - g 2
sin . 90 1'547511 t
,
sm 2
'
,

Sll1

log sin 880 2' 26,1511= 9,9997461

log tg 16044' 26,9" = 9,478 2646

{o:;sin 90 1'54,7511 = 9,195 8551

Zog tg~ = 0,282 1 55'6

~ = 62025' 33,711

tg2=

]24051'7,4" .

Sl/1

sm

oA-_SiI6 0 44'2,9/'
901'
"
. a+b cote
2
-SiI188 9 57'51,"tg
54,75

Zog sil1 16044' 26,9"

9,4594567

logcotg,9 0 1'54,75"

0,7987264

Zog sin 88057'51,311

9,9999291

Zogtg

_ = 1 6' 43,4811
2

=0,2582540

122013'27".

+ + -

1800 = 1180 ! 8' 19,311.

186
.

2.
:

=5106' 32,8",

= 11904'21,6",

= 480 2' 45,2".

:
, ,

'

sinB . .
= Slfl
. - Slfl

Sl!1

log Sill = 9,941 5135

log sin = 9,871 3864

. - _..

log Sill

= 9,891 1711

logsill

= 9,921 7288

= 56037' 27,5" .

= 1800 - 56037' 27,5" = 123022' 32,5".

3 .

= 56037127,5"

=
850
5
27
2"
2
.,

-;- = _ 33058' 54,4"

+ = 520201635"
2

'

.+
sm
,~

tg 2 =

- = _ 40 17121 15"

2...

. A_B tg
Sl/1
2

- _

1
0
SiIl85 5 27,2"

'

O~' 11 ")

-Si(-3058'54,4''/~ -41/2,5

= sin 850 5' 27,2 ~ 40 17' 2' 15"

sin 33058' 54,4" tg
,
log sin 850 5' 27,2" = 9,9984040
log tg 40 17'21,15" = 8,8750669
.

log sin 330 58' 54,4" = 9,7473568

logtg
,

=.9,1261141

481

i=

= 150 13' 47,9"

.-

Sll1

tg- =
2

7036' 53,94''',

Sll1

+'

-'
. (-4017'2115'/) ", ,
b cotg 2 = Sll1. 52020'6 ~" cotg( -

Sll1,

'
2

33?58'54,4)

\'

=sin4017'~,15"

ta33 0 58'544"
sin 52020' 6;35" ""
,
logsin 4017'21,15"=8,8738488

log cotg 330 58' 54,4"

0,171 3105

log' sin 52020' 6,35" _ 9,8985047

,

,
10g,tg = 9,1466546

,2 =

7058' 44,96"
'

15057'29,9".

-+- =
2

8505' 27 2' ,

'

-+- _

85042' 38 85"
"

.
szn

123 0 2232,5!!

'-;- = _

l1u:

33058' 54,4'"

- = _ 370 39' 53,65"

2

'

", ~ sin 850 5' 27,2" t 37039' 53-65"

sin 33058' 54,4" I!
, ,
!gS85 0

5'27,2"=9,9984040

log tg 370 39'53,65" = 9,887 5665 '

logsin 33058' 54,4" = 9,747 3568

, .. , .
log tg 2 = 0,1386138

..

,
,

488

~=53059'31,74",
2

'

'=
., . 107059'3,5".
.

.-

"
.'
_ SL 2
:- _ sin (:- 37039'53,65")
_
'
"
tg'j - . cotg 2' -- sin 85042' 38,85" cotg( 33 58 54,4

SL

_ sin 37039' 53,65"

33058' 54 4"
sin 85042' 38,85" cotg
.'
Zog sin 37039' 53,65" = 9,7860713 .
log cotg 33058' 54,4" = 0,171 3! 05
log sin 85042' 38,85" = 9,998 7819
log:'!; = 9,958 5999

.'

2 = 42016' 23'52"
'.
, ..'

= 84032' 47".

, , 9. - :

r=

480 2' 45,2" ,

56037' 27,5",

= 15013' 47,9",

1 ~A=5106'32,8",

'

= 11904' 21 ,6" ,

15057'299"
, ,

1070 59' 3,5" ,

l
.r =

= 123022'325"
.
"

4802' 45,2",

II { = 51 06' 32,8",

608' 24,3".

11904'21,6",

74043' 41.4"
.

84032"47" ,

182.

I{

YBel{

:l

489

, (. )
{

(.

f{OBa,

),
,

1,

48r.000 ( .. . .);

'

.
)
(1)

.-

1"

180. 60 . 60

r (1).

, t
,

log sin 1",

log

(1)

log' sin

(1),

, ' ,

. ).

sin 1

fI ,

= sin 1'
t

, . , t

(CTpaH~'

1) . .

32.

' .

132.

358.

490

). t

=
(. .

165,

7t

168.),

1800

Koje.'v\

II .

. , , l{
,

180 . . 60 =

I{l,

si

1".

(1)

Ha.'v\.

J~

= 950 36' 4,3

f/

=344164,3",

= 430 15' 27,9

=155727,9",

=370

f/

= 770 42' 55,2 f/

=279775,2",

11'8,9"= 133868,9"

(. .

178.),

r= 541

m.

49 l'
l I

0.= 344

16 ,3

. 541 . S}111"

155727,9' 541 sil11"

log 344 164,3 = 5,536 7460

log 155727,9 = 5,1923664

log 541 =2,733 1973

log5cJc1 =2,7331973

log sil1 1" = 4,685 5749 -

log sin 1" = 4,6855749 {o~?

loga = 2,955 5182

= 902,6475
=

= 2,611 1386
= 408,4497

279775,2' 541 . sinl"

{og 279775,2 = 5,446 3092

log 541 = 2,733 ] 973
.

log :jin 1" = 4,685 5749 -

logc = 2,865 58 4

= 733,8063 .

54]2 . 133868,9' sil1 ]"

log 5412 = 2

l;; 541

= 5,466 3946

{og 133868,9 = 5.1266797

log sill 1 = 4,685 5749 ff

. log = 5,2786492

<l ,: :

= 189 954,3 111?

L = 4 '1. (2.

log 4 = 0,602 06(0

(og" = 0,497 1499
!og 2 = 5,4663946

10,:: L = 6,565604')

L - 3677 939 1112.

-492

3.
.

183.

' .

I(

L,

:
!).

'i(pyra: R

1.

--

!"

OBL,

- ,

tg '2
cos u. = tg 2 cotg R, tg' R = cos .
----1)

L,

), ,
, !i .

{)

'

L. OBL'-...; /'. OCL

11

~ ~

'( IJ !i ,
1, I
:!i )

I!

= ,

= = ,
-

493

,.

'( + + I

~ ( + + )

5,

tg2

tg R

) .

cos (S

' :-'

tg-.

fg-

tg R = cos (5

cos (5

, ,
.

--=---) .
cos (5

tg 2' tg 2

156),

tg:2

(169'

163.,

-cos5
~-- :--~-:---=--'.
(17(}'
cos(S cos (5 ) cos (5

tgR=

l1

h .

JI
.

-:

+
2 .

. +
cos
cos ' 2 =

cos ~2

Sll1

.
Sll1

cos --:2::-.=

cos -

cos '2'

494
>.~

cos 2'

..

Sl11

{:,

cos

1
cos 2 ( +. -

+cos

)-

- Sl11- cos 2
. 2

cos 2

Rpahe

cos (5 -

cos - cos-

2
2.

= - - - - - Sl11 .

cos-

s (5 -

.cos - cos

2
2.

= - - - - - Sl11 ,

) =

cos (5 -

cos
cos.
2
2

cos-

Sll1

Sl11 - .

'1 )

tgR

cos (S

),

) 169)

cos (5

sin

cos 2 cos ,xsm

cos 2 cos 2 sm

,
.

153),

162.

cos
sin

Sll1-

.
2 cos 2 Sl1l

18,

,t

21.),

sin

(
.

sin

cos-

cos (5 -

495

:2 szn -2 Sll1 :2

2 szn

tg = ~============,

172)

vsin s sin (s-a)sin (s-b) sin (s-c)

I{ I{

184.

,
,

'-

I
I

,.'

,.,);) .- ''

",,--

---- -

\,
,

101.

r,

OD,

6.

r = OD

(.

. lI (

, .

,
1)

:lC {

F
.

!).

153.)

~,
--

-~.

OBD

OD,

OD=OE=OP,
, ,

, ,

0.0

ODC~

.....
0
_'

< OCD= < , .

!! , t

, TaKo~e

496
,
u- ,

. sin

eotg 2 tg ,

tg r =

tg r -- sin (s -

Sll1

g 2

tg 2 .

(
173) tgr=sm(s-a)-2=sin s
..

174)

tg =

152), . 162.,
)

b)tg =sin (s-e) fg "

tg 2' tg 2

sin (s

tg 2

sin (s
.
sm s

sin (s -

eos +

. +

sm

eos
2

= ----=- eos.
2
sm 2--'0--

eos

sm

-sm 2'

497

sin ~, cos ~,

1
sin 2(

+-

cos 2
. cos . 2
.
) = -----.-.--:;--- ---sm 2cos 2' .
sm 2

sin (s .- ) =

. .
sm 2 sm 2
----~-

sin .

sm 2

sm 2 sm 2
sin (s

sin (s

sin

sin (s -

),

sin (s -

cos 2

cos 2

fgr=V

cos S cos (S

) cos (S

2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2

cos 2

.157), .

.f

sin (s
) 173)
. . .
. . .
. . .
sm 2 sm 2 sm sm 2 sm 2 sm. sm 2 Sl!1 2 Slll.C

fgr-

sm 2

sm 2

sm--sm
sm

sin , sin sin

163.,
cos (S

, (176
.
32

(175

498

,

u. ~

ij

3-

185.

-f-

, ' ',
'
,
./-' "'-.
-_. .f,---t-_
,,
,,
,
---1----+----1--

"

, , s
() ,

S2

SI

~1 )'1
(
.

102.

SI

S2

11 )
SI , . '2 2
S2'

I3 Ss

P nS2P s

~1

SIQl,

~2

S2Q2;

SI

S2

(.

lzo 3 )

Pl1 S 1S 2 ,

499

PllSI

PnS2 - - 900
2 SPllS2
)'2 )'1
SIS2,
S2'

I,

. 900

1).

SI

cos S I S2 =
0

cos (90- (1) cos (900 - c(2)+sin (90 -I) sif1 (90 -2) cos ()'2-:-I)

= sif1 I sin 2

+ COS I COS 2 COS ()'2

1.1)

178.

1)

SI

S2

SI

S2

,
. II -

('!')

. , .
- lj !
(),

"91, )'1

'?2,

+,

)'2

4:0S

900 + ,!,1,

n S2 =

900 + ,!,2, S1P n S2

)'1 Il

S1S2 =

COS

(900 --;:: '?1) cos (900 + '1'2)

= sin 'f'1 sin '?2

,

2 .

., , , SI =

-.

COS

91

COS

.,

<;'2

+ sin (900+ '1'1) si (900 +

COS

(1-2

'1'2) COS (2 + )'1) .

l),

2- l'

( ;), 2

l'

( . ., ).

32*

. 500

COS

. I

(.

4.

SS

, .

sin I CO~ ( 2

SIn

65.).

48061', 1 = 2020')

(<2=

(<l

410 54', 2 = 12030').

.
:

cotg+ = cotg <1 cos ()'2 -

1)'

2 -

).1

= 10010'

log cotg <1 = 9,941 4585

log cos (2 - )'1) = 9,993 1268
log cotg~ = 9,934 5853

t. =

49017' 55,7" .

-:

.cos s1s2 = sin <1 cos. (<f'2

-)
I

sm 'f

, _ .(1)2.- 70 23' 55,/~

, .

log sin <1 = 9,876 7889

. .

. ."log cos (<2 -

= 9,996 3689

log sin = 9,8797384

. log cos SlS2 = 9,993 4194
Sl S2 = 90 56' 56,5 ".

. .

l'

, , t

40 000 000: = 3600 : .;:. Sl $2 ,

501

1 ) .

40000000

/ .

1 1.05448 = 1105,5 km.

. .,

u.

~ -'
()

. 0
,

91

'2

"

"

/'1

,,1.2

~Bejy ' ,

COS

S1S2

sin 'l sin '2

sin

'l

COS

t 1 COS '2 COS ()'2

)'1)

COS , S1S2

...

cos ('f!2
sin

cotg '1 cos (1'2

t~

)'1) .

l{

, ,

. ,

'l =

350,
1.1 = 700, !2 = 260,
1.2 = 950?
.
1) \.

502
.

sin350cos 17041'27"
sin37 0 41 / 27"
. cosSlS2 =
. log sil1 350 = 9,758 5913
log cos 17041' 27" = 9,978 9608

cotg ~ = cotg 350 cos 250

log
cotg
.
.., 350 = 0,1547732
10g cos 250 = 9,9572557

logcotg~

0,112 0289

log sin370 41' 27 ", = 9,786 3257

~=37041'271'

log cos SlS2= 9,951 2264,

f:

Sl S2 = 260 39'.

186. .

I<:oje ' ,

-.

'

...

(
\.

....

-- :

. .
.

' ,

C!D! C2D 2

".

. 103.

! 2 , yD!
D 2 , !
2
( t.J..

cos
(. .

131.).

=+

503

'-,

),

; !I !2
1 2 (

)'1 )'2
!

I<ao

/,

D1

I{ ), ,

I< 1

D2

);

I<3

Hajl<pata

1 ,

2 ),

!I=

'. -

'.2

"

cos

'

+ cos +

'.

"'1 )'2 I<. D 1 D 2 t I<t

jeAHaI<e

I<

I<

I<

I< .

eos

sin
=

sin

+ eos
'. + eos

'.

'.

eos (),

'.

eos

)'1)

,)

()'2

187.

--),

+ cos

+h

szn '.
?

eos" '{I

0.

I<

r=

504

1:

_1: .

r' - -1::: AiOB',

1:

u.

' '

.

'

' lj
.
.

104.

. , , ,

I ' t. , , , '
'. , ,

1: '',

' (. .

145.)

. ,

152)

tg

.L'
2

Sin~(p+j
=

u.)Si~(u.+--)

Si~(u.-t-+)Si~(u.+

/
,

1::: ''

162.

176.

u.

~: ,

1: .

, h

.,

178.

505
Jl- .

188.

I<

--

, . ,

,
,
t. .

1787.

(di-'i I~egendre,

1752.

1833).

3 . ,
, ,

. 3 t.

t.

1.

, -

, , ,

, t

szn =-=
2

],

150)

sin (s - ) sin (s-c)

sin sin
'

151)

cos 2 =

162.

( sin s sill (s )

sin Sill

506
.

(. . . . .

74.).

sin

szn 2 =
.

~---

(s-b)-

(s-bj5 , (s-
(s-cj5
.
,
+---,
...
(S-)-----.-+ 5'....
.
5.
_

(s-

'

cos 2

(s-

(s-aj5

(s-a)---, ""'--+--5 , - ...

"

, , S
1)

, S

. !

].

= 1 .2. , 5! = 1 .2. . 5

= 1 .2. ... .

11 -Uf/80II, - l1--

507
i

(s -

sm 2 --

(s -

!{

S2 -/-

+6 (s -

.1-

;/ 1

s ($

cos--

!{,

I,

/ 1-

(s -

(s
6

)?:

-_._--

sm 2

s (s

cos 2 =

!{,

b)(s

(s

b)2_f- (s
6

.
!{

1-

(s

!{

!{

- 1)
.
1=

+
2
(2 + 2)2
( + 2)3
1+ 6 +
62 -- +
.63 +...
.
2

, ~_

+ 2
6

+ 2

= 1: 1-

2 + 2

, '
-

= 1-

+6

508
--------

(s -

.szn 2 =

-----------

(s -

'.

(s-b)(s-c)

-------

s(s -

(s-b)s-c)

1-

s (s

cos 2 =

+ s (s

l_(s-b)(s-c) 1_(s-b)1
6
6

sm 2 =

cos 2 =
1)

-,-s_-_b~)(,,-s~-----"-c) -1-+ s (s )

s (s

1-

(s -

(s -

)-

II .

t , !{

t ]' d.

l{h

(s

. u.

(s

sm 2

s (s

(. .

88

89

109.),

, , , (

[3,

),

. u.
cos 2 sm 2 =

u.

sm 2 cos -2 -

------------------

(~ (s - ) (s

) (s

) s (s - )

+ (s

) (s - )

1
vs(s-a)(s
sin 2 ( -)=
6
!{,

:'

sin

lL

1.

3 .

11
~; (

94),

111.

2 (.

. 2 (

6 '

=- '

b)(sc)

'

31

.510

- -

'

'(=-

, , .
-(., ~,

"(

'

+ ~ + "(

7t,

{t )'
7t

++

+ +

7t,

1,

\,

1658)

168.
\

, .

. - -

fl

. ,

511

=--,..,
.)

{ - .

{{

{{

.{

. { . IJ (

{ ), {

15.

({

10)

4.
..
.

189.

.
ij

!). {

I{pyr,

(Horizont, Gesichtskrejs,
Qrtinzkreis,
horizon)
.-.' '" "
,"','

zith)
1)

'-

...

'

...

(Zenit Scheifelpunkt,
(Nadir, Fusspunkt, nadir). .

. .

. 512
,
,

900

. , .
,
1), I{

] ]

. Jl1 (Robert
Smith . 1728.)
(
I{ ) ,
. ,

I{a

ABZ I{
, '
; Z .

ZP, .

.
:

;;:)

'<

." ,............

'I"---.---,.----'.P, ,

, ,
'~
,(

"

'-'./

\!

'..: ..
~'------~-~--~~:

105.

2~,
,

, g~
1)

peQ
,

cos 2 '.

n (immlsgwlb,

Firmament, voute

du ciel).

5]3

, I<: PZ
. '.

, I<:O-

1:

aI<

, . I<: Z. t
.

cos 2 ;

sin (1800

900

r.p):sin (90+ ),

I<:oJe,

cos 2

cos (

+ ) ,

cos

cos

cos

+ ).

cos

iJ

, .

I<:,

(Riml1) r:J.

I<:oje

I<:OpeHa,

BaplJpa

iJ

220

300,

I<:

230
160 33' !
I<: AZ ( 900) 330 6'. AI<:O

AP--sin330 6'
PZ

t'

,546,

1.

cos3306'. 0,838,
0,162.
33

5]4

PZ = 3,37 .

{
( {
) {
30
0 .

1 0
, .

150, 300, 450, 600,

,750, 900 30

680/0, 500/0, 400/0, 340/0, 310/0, 300/0

, '
30.

,
{

( {

) {

. ,
. ,
{

(

) : 3

( )
{

{
( { {
)

515

(scheinbarer Horizont, horizon

sel1sibIe), I<Pyr I<:
, Jft
(wahrer Horizont; horizon rationnel),
..

I, ...:

I<

. ~ .
.

. ,

190.
.

) Gru . .

OI<

npojeI<Tyje

24

OI<O

' OI<O (Welt- od.

mmelsaxe,

, ..

du monde)

. I.] ,

24

..

I<, I<, CBeCI<a (

: lif )

, .:-

Himmelspole, poles du monde).

(Welt- od..

, I<

, I< (

,\i) ~ (Nordpol, '

boreal)~ , ,
(Siidpol, austral).
l{,

' l

(Himmelsaquator, equateur celeste).

.
eI<BaTOpOM : ,
: , u (Parallelkreise, paralleles). '.
-

-'

. '

-.
.(;

'

(m

melsineridiane, .meridiensceJestes), . I< I<R

.
*

516
.

) .

~
24. .
t t : ,

(.

.
,.

I{-

' ,

IZpyr

. .

Ta!Z03BaHoJ

l-u

(sfwsi) , 30 lj :

. (Ostpunkt" Est) u
. Westpunkt, Ouest). ( :
.

03

. )

Talzolje

, ..

1fj

(Mittagslinie, mridi),'

-
. .

punki, Sud).

(Nordpunkt, Nord)

(Sud-

, ,

(Kardinalpuzkte,

cardil1aux) 0.
. '
. . 106. !Zpyr,

pOil1ts.

, ,
')

CIZ ,

, .

0 !< w
!1 . 3 .

( , ')
' !<. , 3 II;l

, ' . 3
f\: , ,

i:e

;", !<

!,, , ~\ .. ..
113' il :.

<l. , .1II , :.
.JIl\\eHOM

i!liJt!OI (GI10I1).

51 'i

. I<

.-k

NS

(I<

.-

S I< ;
sfl. CBeTCI<Y, , Ps
. UV,MN, CD, , ST,
( I< 11. I< ), I<oja
PnPs,
),

:(

OI<O

I<oje

S"' , \
\......., \
. . , l '~
X~ \

"

. ", \

\ ".'"
\\}.

...

... "

'\",

n\ \ '\

~-s-'\\

,,\

TOI<Y

I<

'\
r \
I

CD,

\/,

/1.)

\~,,"""""'.

------

",

., , /

'

\,

....\...

"

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106.

t.

24

'

.':

t.
,

'\

\\

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,.~. \

!N
'

I<

. I<

I<,

NS,a

I<

I<~

l 06.
I<

<

tl

'i,

I<ao

'

DE,

, ,

. t. .

,,

I<oje
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,I<,

518
,

-,

, u ~ (Zirkump~larsterne,.
~toiles

circumpolaires).

UV ~~1

, ll -

. .

MPnN

.Tp,sS

; () , ()
.

SMNT,

,
,

r
-.
.
'

,I{

1 )

(Polh6he,

5:

lvti

< r.p

..

< r.p

> 1800

( ceB~pHO

,.

~)

PnON . r.p, u
hauteur du pole)

j~
' .

cbe-r: J'I

.
-1

24

(),

'

. (Tageskreis,'

cercle diurne)

. , ,.

.
. , ,' ,2), t;

.
.
-

-,

. (Tagbogen);

(Nachtbogen).

'

,
-

!,

, --1800; .. .,1) , ,
-

4: AOS,

80 m /

2)
.

900,

(Aequatorh6he).

c(i- Il80'",
.... _,,,.'.
=~_.

[I +-

..

t , .: 88
.

..

519

!{'

, , (
..
.
, . . 3 ; .
. , ' !{
.

It>eta,.

!{ , .
I{i

I<

.'

bepo-Ji, ,

( )

({. ' !{ ,
{)- 0 ..

''ll I{

';

! ,

!{0 1

ll )

(obere und

,:'f.".~

Kulmination).
.

,(tt,-r 130)
-' I

(Morgen-

,Wl'f.f.e, mud orientale) ,

'It< .f< (. .

~!30It;). ll. 0

(A,:ndN:tJeite, ttrnplitude occidentale) .

. .. .t; . kpy, l {,

'lgia'~
"

~.

'

-,

",

';) ,RQfjR'jil II
'~U'(;I ~0.::

520
.- -.

JeN , S

), ,

(NS

(OW

NS

OW
w

- ) .

..

v--T. . . .

(erster Vertikal, premier

Q,

vertiCal).

SI----+--:c+---+------\I{

- .

.'
Gz-:--.-L______ 1,

J1Ql

107.

J2Q2

Kpyrosa)

2 ,

0}1

.
.

WQl

WQ2

JIQI

J2Q2'

WQI'

. ,

, '

N,

!{. ,

, W,

.
,

'

) . tJ : .....

() t Ha\t .

; ; ..'

521
1

(.

,)

(Sterntag,

sidera1) .

' "

24

;.

l .

1
,',

24

60

60

l ,

l d =24h " l h --60 m

, ,

60'.

,,

("':

), '

(Sternzeit, temps

, sideral).
,

(. ),

3600

24

=15 0

15' ,

1=4 ,l'

15'1 ,

(1

48,

1'10,068,

191. '
4.

) l{ .

,
,

..

, .

, 23 ~
1)
.

(Fixsterne, etoi1es fixes).

"

522
. :,

365 ~ ,
l ) (Ekliptik, ec1iptique), (23 ~ \
, (Schieje der
Ekliptik).
I{I , ,

(Aequinoctiall{

punkte od. Nachtgleichepllnkte, points equil1octials).

,
' ;

.

(Fruhlingsaquinoctium, poil1t verl1al

equil1oxe.

du printemps);
21. .
. '

ll

'

(Herbstaquinoctium, equinoxe d'au 23. .

toml1e);

, ,

(.

21.

(. .

23.

12 h

, , . ,

23.

I<pyra,
106.).
21. .

; l (.
) . 90.); .1) l''" 0 .
(), lIt.' 6

311 .
!

523
,

(. .
,

23.

106.)

'

, ,

21.

; ,

;, I{

, , 9 .,
,
, ,
() ,

,
"

, (!'

23.

~, , ,Q

I<

21.

"

21.'

), ~

,; ,

,
(
)
..
. -

'

.) , , .

(23.

aI{ ( ~1.

23. ) '
, , ,
, , , ,
.

23.

21.

, 21.

fIi' ,
,

'

'I-
.
. _.
. .

'

l{ :13, ,I

21.

I{

'

23'.

, "

, ,

,'

. t

,:),Cl 6( )

21.

l<.

'-, I< ','

':'~:.'""

'-,

21.

. .

2.
,

.'

524

ur

ur

(Sommersolstitillm od. Sommersonnenwende, solstice d'ete),

ur ur (Wintersolstitillm od; Wintersonnenwende, solstice d'hiver). ,..
w..

. ,

{. {,

{]

{ {{

. .

{.,

{{,

{{.

) 30. {

"

, { ,

{,

12
3001).

3600

{,

{ {

1) (Widder, Belier) ''

2)' { (Stier, Taureau)'rf"
3) (Zwing, ) ):(
4) { (Krebs, Cancer)@

(Lowe, ) Q
6) { Ullng!rall, Vierge)
"7) (Wage, Balance) ULJ
8) { (Skorpion, Scorpion) 11l
5)

9)
10)
11)
12)

(Schtze,

Sagittaire)
(Steinbock, Capricorne)";6
(Wassermann, Verseau)
(Fische, Poissons) )(.

"

,
.

1)

:<~

]," ,

"

, !{ , "800~1000

po~ea !{ !{ !{ . I!:

Ptof.
Dr. S. Gi.inther. Handbuch der mathematischen Geographie. Stuttgart, 1890
1) . 70. 71.
. ,

525
{

zodiaque).

,{

(ierkreis,

Zodiakus ,
.

{,

,
,

~) ,

) . , ,

, .

(Prazession)

(Zuriickgehen der Aequinoctialpunkte, precessiol1 des equinoxes),

5011 2 ),

30f{

30

f
(2

192.

lVll1

.
Ulll.

(.

,
,

,
,,,

- )

..

I{pyra,

,
,
,

,,

"

U 1QU2 Q', I{:

V1U 1 ~2' V1 V2
(0) .

,,

,,

V:! '
. 108.

I< , .
1)0

2)

rpql{ora

~"

(,UJ

~"

,".l;7.0;

'),; =
7.0%

S,

26000

'

526
, (\Sl

V1S 1V2

V1S 1 V2 ,
V1 V2 , ,

fi , . 2 Q'

Q',

..

{.

SI

I{

0 )

108.

1 ,

Q,

..

1 Q, I{ 0

, ,

SI;

({

ABelf\a .

3600.

1 Q

Sj

SIQ,
SI 0 ,. . .

V 1,

!{

({,

V2 ,

SI.

SIQ,
900. 1 Q = II
SIQ
v () SI
11 .

.
,

(. .

4.).

1 Q2 Q' -,

V1 \ V2 2

-.

, .

l3

V1 V2 , 180()

527 ..
. -'

<

U 1QU2Q',

ll

Sl

)' Q = Vj. 1ll0 ' .

Q'

"
"

"

"

"
"
"

VJ

"
"

V2

U=llj,

"

"
."

,}

S2

"

"
"

"

"

"

"

"

",

"

"

=
II =
II

V -.. -

+ 1800,

Vj;

V . .;

v= VJ;

=,

v=O;

U = 1800,
U =? 1),

v-O;
V= 900;

U =? 1),

V= - 900.

) .

l<

, . -

1.

U 1QU2 Q'

V1

, ,

U 1Q

V2
.

(,

900

SIQ
1)

1'0

(Azimut, azimut), .S1 Q

hauteur) SI' ;
V1S1 m 2) (Zenit-

V1 V2 Q,\l,

lj .

oApeljeHe

3600.

2)

. .' .

= 900.

528

distanz, distance zenithale).

almucantarats).

I{ xo~

(Almllkantarate,

I{,

.
(Vertikal- oder Hohenkreise). I{pyr Vl ! V2U2 ,
,

, ; !
, 2 . .
,

U1: .

-- 900,

1{

,. '

900,

--- 2700.

()

1800,

( 0),

- 2.

'<

U l QU2Q'

UlQ

Vl

'

V2

'

(Rectascension, gerade Aujsteigllng, ascension droite}

, 8 l Q (Declination,
weichllng, dec1inaison) 81' :
u ) (Poldistanz,-distance polalre) . I{pyroBe l

, "

, ,

1800

1)

-),

(Deklinationskreise).

900.

529

OI

(!,

colures).
U 1

I<oje

, ~
. )

('1,

, .

() t

lCpyr,

lC. .

lCao

(Stundenwinke!,

angle horaire)

15

180,

( )

I{Pyry

lCao

1h

(.

. .

1. AlCO

66

15

66,

lC

190 ).
77 30',

. lC
5

, :

7T~_

152 =

4 24

( ) "":

(Stundenkreise,

cercles horaires).
34

" . (21. )
'' ( )
"
t.
i
. t 3 I{ ''

,,

. ,
,

I]

21.
( )
(0).

="" 900, __ 23~ , .

.

(21.

t, t t
. ,

. 0 u

(Wendekreis des

Krebses,tropique du Cancer).

,-!,

. , u

21.
.

(Wel1depunkt, point solsticial).

.;

(lLI), 23. .
-; t.

1800,
.
t 3 (lLI)
:

().
- 21.
1

"F l (;).
( )

232

t 0 u (Wendekreis des Steil1bocks, tropique du ic).

531

~}{oja
.

2700,

23~ , , ,

== ;

, (Ao~e '(', '

,
3600,

.
.

'3.

3 U 1QU2 Q' .
111 , V2 . U1Q
.. (astronomische Lange,
longitude ceIeste), SlQ
(astronomische Breite, Iatitude celeste).
,

{1

, t
,

.{, ) '
'--, ~
..,
, Lru, f6
u
.. , 900, 180 , 2700. (
)
,
. ~ ~

rr,

. 4.

,R.

; .

'

. 109,
. Z , F .
. WEO ,
[ NWSO -

.NWSO,

OW; " Q, W . 0
, , P s .
.
. . KpyrZPnNFPgS, Q {)3 ,
JI,

.;,

!<

34*

532

NS,

. l-

- .

'LlJ _
, ,

l< (
l< (Lru). I<"
l<, I< l< ('LJ).
l< !{, l<

@ ;; ,

l< l<, . -
l< . l<l<
, Hs .
L
Z'iHF, Pnl:.DPs 11 Ls)
l< I

z
,

,\

\
, '"
, /

",

,,'

,/

..

"
I

,. I

--

1
I
I

I
'

1"....

........

I
I

.... -'"

"

1,.
I
".

','.
\ 1,'
,."
... , \
I

.... \

1"
.... '~\ I "
............

..........
...

/,...

"~I/" ........

D
fVi
1
I - --7.,

,.

11\\.

/;

--"/7 ' ".'

,,'

/ .
I

'.

,,
/

,',1

"

"-

')':"

\~,
......
""
\ ,.....
-.
~...,.
\ .... ,
-'....
"
I
I
,
'
'
'
'
.
.
/
I
I
....
...
......
;'
1.
I
\""
,/
/
1,
\
.,

_ .......

'\

\.

)1fii:--:::.--------J'
----){I.1-- --- f:f
/t.
0_.

---_

,.

. . . .,
'\!:.I

...'
' -\" 1 ' / ' "

,1'"

'

,I
I

'. '.1
':"jJlt--"
.
\

_ I

......

',"

/...,

.' ~

.,

..... ' .

,,
,,,

' "

,,
,

.'.

1".
.

,.

-~_

,
...L1 , .
,.

-----------------I

--

,1 -----"' .. _

!,

I
_--.
~--I

','.

~-~ .....

,.

'\.

"

f ,,/

,/

~_____

.l___ ..

.....<~.

... " ' ' '

""-':

'",

,'''''

,...

"

,() ,),;_ . . - *"

"
" ,. . . . . . . ___
. . . ':.---__' !

__ ./--.)~;...
,'"

---

"
/
,

}!'

"'.......

,I

/""

"

.....

, ... I

109.

, -

533

SH

'f.H

Z~

900.- 'f.H;
[-

e~BaTopa:

~
~

A~o

= 'f.D

= PnL = 900 -

'f.D.

ZPnNFPsS ,

~ ~

e~BaTopa:

-~ED

~]

\'D
.... .

~ao

",',",
/,

~~:

aCTpOHOMC~y

"

'-' .

) .
:

(. ) ~
~ ~ I{

~ R

. .

? ~ojy

~. OBa~BO ~oop-

.. ,
. , ~ . Ta~aB
~ ,.,.
-

.. .

534

. 1.

. '

.
(. .

110.)

'

( ), , '
,

KL

'r

, ,

( ),

-1: ~nL

OBHa~

I{.:...

.. l1 ,L

Pn'r

OI, ('
.

' P~,

}.:;

. .

'f..D II 'f..B , '

,

'

'r D =
'f..D =

u.
;

"

'rB

'f..B =

. ),

\
\

. \

............._

'

\ :
i

I ,',

Y'I(~

,U.D
,

,,
I

~.

,
\

110.

111.

535
Ll
(. .

111.)

PnL =900

=900

1::: l' + 1::: ' P D = 900 + u.

1::: L 1'
1::: ,1'
900
,.

1::: L
1::: L

I1

( )
L

(Positions~vinkel,

1::: I1L,

, :

I{

[[

angle de position).

cos . cos = cos ~ cos ,I)

sin ~. COS 8 sin - sin 8 cos sin u.
sin = cos 8 sin ~
sin 8 cos ~ sin ,.

t , )

u.

).
t
,
2

1)

IJ .

~"(' (. .

'1

~('('D

1"('

cos 1"(' = cos i cos )"

110.).

~"('

cos ~I' = cos ~ cos

cos ~ cos .

cos" cos =

2) !{I!~ () .

536

II

1I,

, {

,. , { a:r

{ {
,

"

[3,

II

, t .

1.

. 3{

, '{

!). ,
Il,
,

, { lj
. .
u u- ,

lj { ~,
. ,
,

n
. Nllj,
Cl\, t
(. 4. . 65.),

11

sin '
'.
sin =
DS(8+), tg=tgsi tJ.~
cos<
sin r
sin =cosq;~COS(E 1])'),,, "tgW cotgpsin),.2).
1)

I{

"~

900 - [,

11 900 900-

,;

2)

illl

900+ "';

I{ l<mI{.

900 - "

1 '

900 -'~
900 + .

-..:.. .

eD Yl"a~

537
.

.'.

sin

sin ~=sS(8

+), ,] tg

cotgosinu.
(

cos u. COS ("-

cos , =--=

----,

cos~

sin 0= ~~~.S(8-qr),

tg'=tg~sin),
{(

cos)., cos ~
cos . -- ,,'
COS
:2.

ull.

],

(~), -

(0).

rr 0 D,
] ]
. 'f 0
"~ rr D

i ",-- -', I.

.-.-c.;,"\:f~.;.: "
,,,,,...
/,,'"
\: .. ," ...
':._,.~:_ .... ~::: __ .. 0 .:'
~

/
"

~CJ. 0D = ,

.: -9: 0 rr D
= 8. .

~n,

.
.

ROOP-

,/!\

,
:
:

ps
. 112.

I1

II ~.
,
) ue- .
:

538

fcos .

cos u. cos

t sin u.

cotg 8lg

. "
sm

sm.8 sm

tg u.

f..

'cos 8 tg 1,.

2.

'f

'Q .

I<,..

t. I< '

( I<), . "

I<

I<pyr ZPnNASE

NHS. HeI<a

"

ADE eI<BaTOp,
I<, ll

'

eI<BaTopa.

I<

~
,

113.

ADE (eI<BaTop).

I<pyrOBe. NHS

~ I<

t.!~ ~ -

~H ~D I<
)

I<

eI<BaTopa:

"('D

ED = s

~D

u.
=

SH

539'

. .

"L

ZE = rr .

(. .

ZL ( - - ).

114.)
. Z

90

rr

90

90

LZ
-:

-:

180

P ZL
ll

HZS

. ED

-: ZL.

1800

s.

, ,

t.

.,
!iO~ ''

rr

90

t.
.
.

90
s

(.

(, S

180

I{

rr

90

90

w)

90

h 180. w

. 114.

rr)

S (. (

(Variation)

(-:

ZLPn

v),

s).

w'
-

90

.
{[

.
.

:, ZL,

.
t.

540
~

, sin h =
( sil1 =

Roje

cos h sin w = cos sin s

sin 'f sil1
cos 'f cos cos s
sin 'f sil1 h - cos 'f cos h cos ~V ,

u.
t

1.

lz

. II
.

r.

d)

i u ll1.

1.

I<

rI.

= 7 27

u,

(Castor,

'.

Gmir)

1885.

I(

15,48 s = 1 1 1048' 52.2", ;) = 3208' 22,3" .

l{ ~

= 23027' 12,8".

~.

tg = cotg () sin '.

logcotgo = 0,2018602
log sin '. = 9,967 7313

log tg = 0,1695915
. <]

sl~=

sin
s

+=

s(~+)

log sin () = 9,725 8976

log cos (~+ ) = 9,266 0543
logcos = 9,748 5374
.

= 550 54' 46,9"

79021' 59,7".

cos '. cos ()

)
cos , = - cos l~
log cos '. = 9,5700790 (11)
logcos () = 9,927 7578
Zog cos ~ = 9,993 2340

log cos), = .9,504 6028 ()

log sin ~ = 9,243 4145

~

= 1 5' 15";

}=

1800-71021' 41,2" =

08038'

18,8'!.

541

2. (k,

'l.

kI

1870. .

I(

= 42028' 13,5",

= - 12035' 9,3" ,

= 23027' 20".

6.

: lI

tg \\. = cotf{~ -,),

log cotg ~ = 0,651 1727 (11)
log sin = 9,8294386
,

log tg ' = 0,4806113 (/1)

'

= 1800 -71042'9,9" = 108017/501"

,
,

. ~
Sll1 \'0

Slf1 0 =
.)

(
.) -

cos .) [:'
.) , =
~
cos

\1")
'

log .) , = 9,867 8362

log cos ~ = 9,9894367
log cos 6 = 9,999 1527

log sin ~ = 9,3382639 (11)

log cos ( - ) = 8,9537976
log .) ' = 9,4968561 (11)
---

log -'I1 6 = 8,795 2054

log cos CI. = 9,858 1202

6- 3034'399'"
"
3) 10. 1880. .

'l.

G ()

I< ~\

l{

55 m 29 S

1,

= 5009' 52".

= 23027' 18,82".

= 43050' 15" =

'l.

h .

tgCJ.= cos tg

.)

coso = - .)

(/..

log .) = 9,962 5452

log tg = 0,078 7192

log .) ), = 9,8065777
logcos r/. = 9,827 8741

loitg(/.. = 0,0412644

log .) 6 = 9,9787036

= 47043' 4,4" = 311 10111 52,295 ;

0= 17047' 48,7".

:542

4) 28.

1880.

()

,
/. = 1011 29111 15,695 = 1570 18' 55,35".

= 230 27'18,20".

;)

. JI[

tg /.
tgcos z

tg;) = sin /. tgz

log tg rI. = 9,621 1698 (11)

log sin /. = 9,586 2029

log cos = 9,962 5457

log tg = 9,637 3696

logtg;) = 9,223 5725

lgtg= 9,658 6241
;) = ,9029' 57,6";
= 1800 - 24029' 45,7" = 155030' 14,3 ".
5) 7.

1880.

;) = - 5045' 20,7".

t1{ =

. :

23027' 17,92".

'

rI.

tg;)
Sll1 rI. = tgE

III

.,

Sll1

sil1 '&
=-,-~
sin

log tg;) = 9,0034437 (11)

log sil1 ;) = 9,001 2486 (11)

log tg =9,637 3680

log sil1 = 9,599 9140

log sin r!. = 9,3660757 (11)

log sil1)' = 9,4013346 ()
-JI. = 1800
13026' 0,08" = 1930 26' 0,08" ), = 1800 . ~ 140 35' 37,06"

= 12 53111 44,01 s :

= 194035' 37,06".

9. . . -~ (
~YHa) .

YTpeHYT~Y

.
{ ~, . ~a 3 .

543 .

I{ojeM ,
s
(. . 113), I{ COS s
1
. IV . 192.

'

sin

sin

sin

+ cos cos -- cos (

),

.I{

(V
I{ .

I{-

( ) I{

{ .

TaI{O

I{

I{oJeM

U.;.

w_oO

(. . 113.), sw
, .

IV,

sin sin

sin

cos cos

cos ( r,p

+ )

cos (900
, I<ao

cos (I 800 ~,

) =
,

3
- -

,-

Ha}I<P

"

' ___.

+8

8,_

544

194.
,

IV

192.

So

sin w =cos sin

sin

sin

So

+ cos rp cos cos

So

. " == - cos rp cos W,

szn

(.

Tai

), .
.

cos So =

tg rp tg .

,.

, , , h.
h ,

rp,

h, .

VI

81) (.

),
-

8, h

1)

I(( . , ,

0=

Jk

220541

6000.

0,48".

2305

Littrt.

t.

f\l(

2000.

Dr. R. Wolf. Handbuch der Astronomie ihrer

Ziiih 1890. Erster Band, pag. 421 et 424.

. :

schichte und

= 23027/29,6" -

1850 +

545

tg tg 8),
tg tg 8. )
V/I t

cos So
COS So

1. .
. 115.,

, NS

ZPll NASE
, Z f<ojeM .
P n , eI<BaTOp ,
UV I<ojeM
. ~, I< I<
,

, . 115., I< , h
.

Pn'f.S,

Pn~

PnD

900

'i.D

8,

+ ES

PnS PnE
=900+900-

1800

i,

115.

~SPn
900, ' '2PnS
= so, , n

cosSo
2.

cotg(900

.
8)tg(180 0

tgatgrp.

. VI I<
( ) I<
(. ),
. ( )
. I< ~
I<
.
t . 116. I< .
AI<O t , . aI<o

35

46

NS

N1S1,

fi h,

~,L..c-j:s

(23 ~ \
/~
:1

116.

l(

S,.
/~~ \8, N 2S 2

. N\-z~

. NS.

24 (h

(h

),

2411).

( , , '

90

10

. 2"

, h
.

N 2 ;

, h
SZ. .
1

(. 2 )
,

Bpel\ie

, ,

;.

. 3
.
.
..
-

, ()

, . (. r.p

900)

547
I<, , ,

I<. , I<,
. _ 6 , Q.[II< .

3. u. -
V

I< I<o]e I<yjy l ).

u (astronomische
Strahlenbrechung, rfrti astronomique)
, VJ,
. I<
(
)

I<, ,

.1:

( ) _ I<
, , I<,

. I<,
071. I< -

I<

I<

35', TaI<O
AOI< 35' , R,
35' .

_ I<

R VJ.
JI

1)

(
cr) I<, aI<o

. _

35*

548

(]
s-=

.sin ~(900+3<P' +-8)sin ~(900+ 35' - 'f + 8)

cos cos 8

(]

=
2

. cos

Sin~(2700+35"+ +a)Sin~ (- 900_ 35' + + 8)

cos cos 8

l
.

4.

.
:;;

, .

\.

Q .
!)

. , ,

..

] 3.

: , ,.
.
,
, ,.

:.

24

(Ephe'meridell)

1)

, ..

()
. ,.
.

. t. :

des

m)

(Berliner Astronomisches Jahl'buch),

(Nautical lml1) ..

I(

(Col1naissance:

549
. ?
. . h

(1.)

8.

9.

) ' 50".
.

1)

q; - 520 30' 16,7".

() ,.

h
12 ,

1881. .

~ () lI

~=

14056' 7,9".

', .
I

cos So = - tg'P tg ~
log tg ' = 0,115 0923
log tg ~= 9,426 0939
'

log cos So = 9,541 1862 ()

So

= 1800 - 690 39' 15,1 "

11 20' 44,9" ,

2 So = 2200 41} 29,811 = 14h 42 468.

.

8.

1881.

1881.

)4 50 . ( 3 7 )

.)

-~

fi .

550

logcosrp = 9,7844012
.
Zog cos = 9,985 0745

re;;= 52030' 16,7"

~--'!':1

,-

0=14056' 7,9"
-'

..

logcos rp cos = 9,769 4757

1

logsin 2 (900 +35' +rp -

) = 9,953 9415

030'25,6" log sin 2 (980 +35' ~(900+

35'
-rp+o)=26
2
.

rp + ) = 9,649 6355

cr

2- =
loasin
,
2

1"

"

+ 35'- rp+o)

'. sin-(900 +35' +rp-o)sin-(90o

. 02
. 2
cos rp cos ~

= 9,834 1 13

cr

log sin 2 = 9,9170501:

.

~ = 55042' 13 1
1
'. . '

cr =

2)

111024'26,3" = 7 h 25 m 38 s

d'

f 1.

1) .

1898.

()
,

0= '--:23026' 47;0".

.

rp = 52030' 16,7" .
.

VI

.,

cos So = tg 52030' 16,7" tg23 0 26' 47"

log tg 52030' 16,7" = 0,115 0923

logtg23 0 26' 47" = 9,6371897

'.

log cos So --: 9,752 2820

1)., [(
0 cr
7h 25 m

(Berlil1er Astrol1omisches jahrbuch)

551

So

= 550 4' 5,8" =

h '42 m

18 s

>

HaUOM~Ha.

V,

'

= 520 ' 16,7"

()= - .

logcos'P

9,7844012

logcos () = 9,962"5742

23026' 47,"

logcos ' cos D= 9,746 9754

~ (900 + 35' + ' + )

>

83016'1,85" logsin ~ (900

+ 35' + '- ) =

~(900+ 5' -,- ' + ) =7018'58, 15" IOg'sin~(900 +

35' -

' + ) =

Si~(900+35'+'-D)Si~(900+35'-'+)

logsin 2 = log
2

.
\).
COS ' cos

>

>

9,996 9946
9,1049793

>

>

= 9,3549985
>

log sin 2 = 9,677 4992

( = 28025' 4411
2
>

3)

= 56050' 0,9" =

3 47

208 1).

16. 1898.
=

1 ] ' 41 7"
,

>

' =

1)

"

VI

480 50' 11,2".

( =

h 47 .

552

cos So = - tg48 0 50' 11 ,2" tg 100 I 3' 41,1"

log tg 48050' 11,2" = 0,058 3341
logtg 10013' 41,1" = 9,2563261
log cos So = 9,3146608
So =

1800 -180 5' 23,6" = 10 1054' 36,4" =

()
6

41 m 38" .

~
~paae) 5 12 ,
() 6

48 m ,

( )
u.

13 35 m
,

, V.

= 48050' 11,2"

0= 100 13' 41,1"

log cos = 9,818 36

log cos = 9,993 04:
log cos cos = 9,811

40

~ (-900 + 35'+ -)=64 0 35' 44,15", !ogsin ~ (900 + 35' +- 0):- 9,955 83:
}(900

+ 35' -1'+0)=25059' 15,25", !OgSin}C90o+ 35' - + ) =

.
G

9,641 641

sin~ (900 + 35' + - O)Sin~ (90 + 35' - + )

logsin 2 2 = log

cos cos

0 = 9,18601'
-

log sin 2 = 9,893 03

G

2
:

=51024'5~

= 1020.49' 55,2"= 6 51 20"

553

5h

6h 51 ,

9,

13h 4 m 1).

4)

44048',

: =

23027'.

COS So

; - .

tg<p tge:

= .

(. .

Vl a

),

Zogtgcp = 9,9969680
Zog tg : = 9,637 2646
Zog cos So = 9,6342326 ()
So =

1800 - 64029' 4" = 115030' 56"

2 So = 2310 l' 5211 _ 15h 24m 88,

u. .

VII

44048'

Zog COS = 9,8509957

; = 230 27'

Zog cos ;) = 9,9625624

Zog cos cos ;) = 9,813 5581

1)

()

5h

(Connaissance des Temps)

10 , uhr()

6h

51 .

Lever

554
; (900 + 35'

+ rp - ~) =

550 58'

1.
"log sin (900+ 35' + rp - ) =9,91841

) =

34037'

IOgSin~ (900+ 35' -rp+~)= 9,754 4

l(90 0' + 35' - rp +

2
.

Sin~ (900+ 35' + rp-~) sin ~ (900 +

cos rp COS ~

log sin 2 2 = log

35' - rp +

. - 9,8592

logsin 2 = 9,9296
G

1160 30' 45,84"

711

=580 15'2:

46

3"

4 14 ,
. 7 46 ,

5)

15 32

20 ?

So

= 20 150 = 3000, So = 1500,

~.

23027'.

t. ,

cos 1500 =

tg rp tg 230 2,

cos 300
tg rp = tg 230 27'

log cos 300 = 9,937 5306

log tg 230 17' = 9,637 2646
log tg rp = 0,300 2660 .
rp :;= 630 230 40,6" .

6)

; , ,

24h ?

( )
So

l{

12h

= 1800

0=23027'

COS

1800 = -- tg rp tg 23027',

ig rp = cotg 23027'

rp = 66033'.
.
.

195.

.
.

), ,
. I{

~,

3-

,.

lL

... 0.

L2

0...;

,.

0. (~,), ,

(~2)

\~

.... ,

~rPnZ

, ,

qr. 0 ,,

~2PnZ,

PZ
.

'556
:

900

PnZ

'f

'f, Pn'f 2

'f 2P nZ
.

900

900 --

Z'f 2

, ,

ipaMo,

, 3-

1: 'fPnZ -- Sl

1: 'f 2P nZ

(-

S2'

~~---,

,'
,

. . 117.

. ()

1: 'f 1P Z

1: 'f 2P nZ

l1

"i. 1Pn'f 2 ,

Sl

S2'

. ,

. , (. .

176.).

'fPnZ

'f 2Pn Z

COSS 1 =

VIII)

sin

+ sin 'f sin

COS

'f cos

sin
cos S2 =

150)

sin 'f sin

cos'f

COS

151)

'

162.

sin 1(90 + - rp +

. Sl
Stn-=

()

55

0
sin 1 (90 ++-)

cos rp cos

S1

0
sin 1(270 +p-rp-)Sin ~ (900- p-rp-a)

cos rp cos

cos- =

---~-------------------------------

sin 1(900~ - rp + a)sin 1 (900- +

. S2
Stn-==

-)

cos'f cos

sin 1(2700--'f-)Si1 (900+ p-~-()),

s
2
cos :::'=
2

'

'

cos rp cos ()

. t '
'

IX

V . 194~

3POI< I< t.
.

) l{

-,

24.

1898.

1 )

,-

3,4511 ,

~=

1 32' 35,811 .

0 - ''

'

rp =
1)

5 28' 38, "

. ,

.'

2= 30'.

558
III:

--

logcos'P = 9,7943662
log cos = 9,9998.425

log cos ' cos '

9,7942087

log sin = 9,893 41

logsin ;) = 8,4302
log sin ' sin 0=8,3236
log sin = 7,6693972
-Sffl ' sin = 0,021
sinp= . , . . . . . . . . , . . . . =0,0046

' __,

log (sin

sin sin ' sin =

sin ? - sin ' sin 3 =
log(sin ~ sin ?sin 3) =
log cos ' cos =

+ sin ' sin ) =

8,41 06338
log cos ' cos 3 = 9,7942087

log cos S1 = 8,6164251

S1 =

()

0;025 7

- 0,01
8,2149
9,794 2'

logcos S2 = 8,4206

1800 - 87037' 49,51"

S2

= 1800 - 880 29'

= 91 30' 33,79",

= 92022' 10,49"

( )

t = 920 22' 10,49" - 91 30' 33,79" = 51' 36,7"

= 206,48 =

26,4" .

IX:

logcos ' = 9,7'

['! cos 0=9,9'
log cos ' cos ==== 9,7'

~ (900 + - ' + ) =
; (900

+ + ' -

log sin 2 ~ = log

) =

Siri~

200 1(' 0,57"

,

7006'2,87"

(900

'

+ - ' + ) =
iog sin ; (900 --t- + ' - ) =
log sin 2 (900

+ - ' + ) sin ~ (900 + + ' cos ' cos

9,5
9,9

)
=

9,7

559

log sin S~ = 9,8582824

=
4
11'
5
2511
2
'. ,

S1

; (900 ; (900 -

tp

+ ) =

S1

log sin ~(900 -

19053'57,1211

1
log sin 2 (900 -

+ :- ) = 90 49' 59,4211

tp

= 92022' 10,5"; .

+) =

9,531

947

.
tp - ) = 9,972 5235

log cos rp cos = 9,/94 2087

log

sin; (900 - - rp

2
2
sin s2 =

log'

+ O)sin; (900- + rp -

.
cos rp cos

= 9,71 2 15

log sil1 ~ = 9,855 1307 .

45045' 16,8811

S2

= 91 30' 33,7"

( )

t= 92022' 10,5011 - 91030' 33,7" = 51' 36,7411

= 20,48 = 3 2,4
1

2)

(21.

l<

23.

==:: ;

( )

rp = 44048'.
3 li I<

= 1'.

III (

= )

COSS1 = -

Sl

cos rp ,

COS S2

Sl

1.

COS

rp

),

560

log sin = 7;6678445

log cos qJ = 9,8509957
log COS S2 = 7,816 8488
. S2

= 89037' 27,06"

S1 =

1800 -s2

t=S1-S2=

1800 -2s2 = 45'5,88"

= 180,45 = 3 m
3)

,.

I<oje

),

360'60': 32' = 24'60 m : t,

, , ,

196.

h. , ,

, ), 0

cule).

(Dammerung, crepus-

, ( , ,

Rpaha)

5f

,
! .

194.

, t

. t

. 180

t, ,

f]

( ),

),

(
),

).

62

0,

,
. , t , .

.t

ll
l1,

1
.

118.

! 0,
(
,

MN

1).

tt

<);

2:

Z2:,

() .

tt

V.

ZPn ~- 900
1)

<,

Z2: =. 900 +

!,

2:V= RU =

36

562

ZPn - - 900

ZL,

'f,

ZPnL"
900
1 ,

L,

900 --+

ZPn L, -- s,

l:l

L"

I.ia

_.

"'"

909..

f!Oc~/

I{

-1= ZPn R -- SO,

l{

162.
~

118.

(, , ).

150), 151)
ZPn L,

sin1 (900 + 1 - 'f +

':

. 1: RPn L,

152)

) sin 1(900+ 1 + 'f - )

cos 'f cos

Icos-s =

sin ~ (2700 +h1 ---'f ,,-a)sin ~ (900 -111 - 'f -)

-

,-,-,-,.-- ,. ~

", ' .

'1.1"
/

cos 'f cos .

.,

........ 1

SZn2(900+hl-'f+)SZn2(900+hl+'f-).

sin }(2700+hC'f~a) sin ~ (900-h'f-)

563

'

So (
)

so,

=S

( )
,
,

15

(. .

1.

).

190.

{{

u. t.

( ),
.

V,

. .. ,

2.

u. ,

::(

(
,) 18

, !3: u ? .

. h.

, OBaf{BOMe
S L:, .-1: ZPnL:. 180, f{

s
2 = 90,
S

.!

~"

tc; 2'

,
.

.::
..

'

.
~OKojOM

COS (900 +' 1 )

R

ZPnL:

sin sin +COS cos cos s,

t.

...:

1 =

18, S

180,

36*

.'

54

cos 1080 = sin r.p sin - cos r.p cos

l<

cos 1080 =
1800('
.

cos (r.p

+ )

+
10 + .

1080

10

XI)

720

1.

l{ l5. ?

( )

0=2104',

!

,
.

, ; (900

= 44048'.

.<

+ hl ..:.. ! + ) :

log sin ~ (900

420 8'

t' u

+ 111 - ! + ) =

9,821

l2 (900 + l + ! - ) =

650 52'

log sin ~ (90

1

~ (2700

+ l -

! -

'

) =

'

2 (900 - l - ! -

log sin 2 (900 + l

+ l -! + o)sin ~ (900 + l + ! ,log sin ~ (2700 +-

1110 4'

) = 30 4'

logtg 2 -log
'-

sin ~ (900 + I
'1
sin~(2700

) = 9,96(

) =

9,781

l - ! - ) =

9,96!

1
logsin (900 -l
2

log sin ~ (2700 + I-! -) sin ,~ (900 2 S _

+ ! -

'

-!-) =8,721

I -! - ) =

8,691

! +0) sin ; (900 + I + ! - ) _

' ",

+I-! -

'/'

"'1'

o)sin ~(900 -111

-! -

2"

'

,
- -1,08,
)

565

.s .
log tg 2 = 0,544 3077

~=
7403'466"
2
' ,

s = 1480 7' 33".

h h V.

log cos rp = 9,8509957

logcos = 9,9699574
log cos cpcos = 9,820 9531

~ (900+35' + -)=57 0 9'30" zogSin~ (900+ 35' +

rp -0)= 9,924 3684

~ (900+ 35'- +0)=33025'30" Zogsin ~ (900 +

r.
sin~ (900+ 35' + rp -O)sin~ (900 +

+ ) .

35' - rp + 0)= 9,7410294

35' -

cos rp cos

Zog sin 2 ; = log

= 9,844 4447 .

log Slll 2 = 9,922 2223

G

- = 56043' 24"
2.
'

= 1130 26' 48".

't"

S-

= 34040' 45",

't"

. h

18 m 43 s

VJ,

, h, ,

, So

't"

= 35038' 1" =

= 112029' 23" .

22 m 33s.

2) 0=21; ,
, .

rp = 720 - 23 ;

566

.= 481;. . 48~Ol)
' , .

3)

21. .

?
3
'

= 59056' 3011

. . . I

= 720 - 59056' 3011 = 1203' 3011 ,

197.

21.

2 ).

I<

TOI<Y

1 ) .

I<

( )

----~.---hD~

''

. I<
AeI<-

I<

(, -

. 119.

, .). -

I< .

HeI<a
,

-1: L 'r

eI<BaTOp, KL

I<I<,

'r

8 I< I<I<.

(3600)

I<I<

365~ , I<, , I<oje

3600

14400
1461

365~

1)

2)

. li

('? = 480 50' 11,211).

180.
.

. 3)

, ( l\\)

li (. l\\ 3l\\). ,

, .

567

0,9860. I<

0 HeI<a ( =
0D. 'r0D (
I< D), I<OMe 'r0
. 0,9860, ~0'r D
8,
'r

--

sin ( = sin 8 sin(n 0,9860).

h

I<

(.

II,

I<

(II

),

21.

( ) ,

(.

(.

198.

--
I<oJe

( ), h

I<OjOM

I< )

(Sfernfag,

I<ao

TaI<BOf
sideral).

.
1) I<oje

I<t)jy

568

190.

(Sternzeit, temps sideral)

. ,

,. .

900

2700,

6\

1811;

,
,

I)
(.

+ =
ED + (Y'D
" ED

109.,
D ,

.)

, {

solaire,

(wahrer Sonnentag,

vrai).

(wahre Sonnenzeit, temps

569

solaire, temps vrai)

!).

'.

kpetaI-.,

),

' (),

I<P03

l<.,

l<

l< . (
)
. I<

'

()

I<pete.

I<q

,(mittlerer Sonnentag,

solaire

el<BaTOpy

I<oje

, 3

);

(mittlere Sonnenzeif, temps

).

, , ,

I<ao

Hel'5ecHe

.
24 m 56,58,

'

56 4,098.

I<

.
,

1)

, 0
,

;;?-

I10,II: ' .

570

(ZeitgZeichung, equation du temps) ..

).

hh

12.

15.

+ 14
tn

14.

tn

14.

53 S

24. .

13. .

31. .

. , I! ,

,.

( ) ..

II.

II l1. . .

480

16

16,

"

()

, t ,

= 12 = 1 (. 80 -

(40

), t

'

, ()

16h

8,

, ,

8h

= 12= 3
).

..

3'

. .

1780;

1816.

';

.;

571

cYH'IaHoM ,
(grosse Zeit),

15.

h '

te

(kleine Zeit).1'1

199. .
1
(Sonnenuhr, cadran, solaire), ,
,

(Stylus, style)

,
.

r, ,

fle

(Stundenlinien, lignes horaires),

, ,

, .

LMOW

1 2 4 -

OW

UV

<

1) :

!,

SN.

Prof. Dr. S .. Giinther. Handbuch der mathematischen

graphie. Stuttgart. 1890. . 171. 172.

R,
-,

572
. rJ.

0.

rJ.

+ r.p

01

02'

-1==

02
01 02

),

L:,. RUT).

(.

VUT

H~
...
,.-- .. ~---r-----

'

.'

--

._ --

. - - - . - - - - - - : . ; . - - ._

".

0"

""I=-----IN

SR

H~

120. '

UQ1"

U,

U.

UQ2'

-1==

02

, .

t,

QIUQ2

t.

573
, . , >

UQ2'

3 .

UV

S,

1.

LMOW)

UVQl Q2

ABC~

.::

90,

.::

s,

t,

u.

+ .

u- "

cos[900

cotgscotg(900

(u.+cp)]

. ..

. . tg t

sin

(.

+ )

t),

tg s.

(XIV

t {

1)

equatorial),

XIV

t,

90.

u.

(Aequatorialuhr, cadran

s.

..t

:574

: , , -

() .

( )

24

I<Pyr

2) 0fl (Horizontaluhr, cadran

tlOrizontal), .
,

u. -

3.

XIV

tg t

.XIV b )

sin

'

tg s.

rp s

= sin rp (
sin tJ 0,7046),

_A~r;';;,;--~---:-,---'-~":::"t
. 12[.
1(

t,

1.

s.

t::,

(Veltikaluhr, cadran ver-

~tical).

(
).

u.

900

)OVc)

XIV.
.. tg t cos 'f tg s. '
; = .

575

XIVb
, =

cos 1f

200.

0,7096).

cos 1f

.
,

SI

S2

, 1 ,

Pn

':'

SI 1 . ' h 1 S2T2 . ,

)
2

"

ZSI =-.= 900

1
900 2

ZS2

0:1'

-----;f,-"""":"-"'~=---:----. 122.

0:2

1 2 .

SI S2

Z.

'

Pn S2

900 '

2 S1PnS2

= 2 S1S2

Pn S 1S2 '
0:1

PnS1
0:2;

PnS 1S2

'90 0

, ,
l, .~

PnS2S1

. , , ' ,
ZS1S2 : ZSI
900

- 1 , ZS2

2 , S1S2
a ' ,~ZSIS2
~,a , ,' ,
SIPnZ, t
: ZSI'90 0 ' 1 Sl

900

900

1 ~PnS1Z

l' SIP nZ

576

i,

900 -

Pl1Z

],

,
,

SIPnZ,

-1= ZPnS

1,

IV

.

1.

201.

'""
- ,

li ftO

. ,

q.

, li

Ha~eMO

()

(.

)
.
.
I{ ' ()

. : li

Ha~y

] , -

577
.

I{ao

rpernaKa

.
)

.
,
, .
tt

eos
eos eos
eosb =
eos = eos eos

146),

158.

+ sin sin eos I

+ sin sin eos

(.

166.),

D.a, D.b,D.e, D.A, D.B, D. ,

( ) , , , , , ""

, . )

eos

+6 ) =

eos (+6) eos (+6) +sin(b+6b) sin (+.6) eos (+6)

eos ( +6) =

. .

eos (+6) eos ( +6a)+sin(e+.6e) sin (+.6.) eos (+.6)

eos ( +.6 ) -cos ( -L.6a) eos (b+,",-,b)+sin (a-J!6a)sin(b+6b)eos (+.6),
,

1,

- (

D.b, ... D.A, .. )

D.a,

,
37

I~
I

578

sin a~\a=cos sin

c~c+cos sin b~\'b+sin

sin sin AL\A

-cos bsin cos A~,b-sin cos cosA~c

sin b!':o.b=cos sin a,'\a+cos sin !':. + sin sin sin !':.
-cos sin cos ~c-sin cos cos B~,a
sin

~\c-cosa sin b!':o.b+-cos

sin al'oa+sin sin sin !':.

- cos sin cos ,_\ - sin cos cos :\ 1)

!':. =

sin
(cos

sin

(cos sin -sin cos cos )!':. +-

c~sin

cos cos A)6c+sin

sin sin

sin bl'ob=(cos sin c-sin cos cos ) 6+

. (cos sin a-sin cos cos ) !':. -: sin sin sin
sin

6= (cos sin -sin

cos cos

(cos sin b-sin cos bcos C)6b+sin

!\,

) 6 +

sin sin

6.

160)

166.,

sin a6a=sina cos l'ob+sin cos ~c+sin sin sinA!':o.A

sin !':. = sin cos !':. + sin cos !'ia +- sin sin sin L
sin !':. c=sin cos !':. + sin cos !':. +- sin sin sin !':.
,
. sin , sinb, sin
.

,
,

'

1)

( ) ,
,

, ,

. .. ; ..

!':. , \~ ,

. . .

579"

sin sin ". sin sin ,'. ' sin sin

-'--C.~- = szn,
.

= szn , ".
'
=sin
,'
szn ,
'
,szn
'" ,szn
,

...

6h MorytCTBY,

+ cos D, + sln sin D, "

+ cos D, + sin sin D, (177
+ cos D, + sin sin D, .

,D,

[:os D,
cos D,
cos D,

,!ib
D,

177)

R D, , D, , D, , D, , D, , D, ( ,

<> )
.

].

177)

"

D,

cos D,
cos D,
cos D,

D,
D,

cos D,
cos D,
cos D,

,
(.

145,

(178
I

',

157.)

sin sin

sin sin

sin sin

sin sin

sin sin
,,

137.

+ sin sin D,
+ sin sin D,
+ sin sin D, .

\' >

sin sin

.
, , ,.

+ D, , + D, , , + D, ,
,

37*

"

580

+ D. , + 6 $, -f-- 6

, . !}

COS sin 6
COS sin 6 .
cos sin 6
cos sin {,
cos sin {,
cos sin {,

+ sin cos {, =
+ sin cos D.
+ sin cos D. =
+ sin cos D.
+ sin cos D. =
+ sin cos {, ,

sin

sin , sin sin .r>

sin sin ,
c?s s~n {,
szn szn

+ s~n c~s ~D. =

{,

tgb

6
tgA

SlncmnB

~c

~B

+ s~n c~s D.

{,

{,

szn

+
c?s s~n D. + s~z c~s {, __ {, + {,
szn

slncslnB

C?S s~n . D.
szn aszn

sm SZN

=tga

+ tgC'

sin
1
siz
1
sin
1
sin sin = sin ' sfn sin =sin ' siz sin =s---:j~n-"'7 sin
sin ' sin sin

sin
sin
(

siz

sin

'

szn
siz sin

sin

), ,

,1)

u, .
3 '!( .

!(

sin ci =,6 , cos ci = 1

!(l,

!(:

, 581
,

',
L':,.'a
," ,tga ' .(gb

,
" !

1.

'

' .~A
tgA

tgB

',

',

',

',

',

tgb

tgc

tgB

tgC

',

[\

',

',

fg,c

tga

tgC

tgA

u.

(179

1)

,,

,
177), 178) 179)

-:

. .

ll
, .
900,
', "
900 ',
.

2.

u.
179) (. 3.
u . 137.).

sin sin 'sin

sin

+
+

cos sin da
sin cos BdB _
= cos sin Adb
sin cos AdA

sin sin

da
tga

. . db
, = szn,
,szng
t
1) .

137)

137.

dB
tgB

+-

+ tdA
g

,
,
,

'

582
.

da
tga

dB
tgB

db
tgb

dA
tgA

2.

.

202.

, , -

Lb, Lic

LA, LB, LC.

LA
!

~ LB

177)

cos Lb
cosll Lc
sin sin
6
cos Lc cos 6
----s-:in-c-sz-=-.n-A-=-----L-,a

cosA I~b.
L-,C= 6 -cos La
t
sin sin
.

203.

, ,

, , . , , -'

LA

L-,C

6; 6 6.

~d

178)

f L-,=6+S6+s6
sin sin
6=

6 = 6

+ cos 6 + Cl1'S L
sin

sin

+ cos L + cas L .
sin sin

583
.

, -

. 178 ) 3
. 177 ), ( 138 .
149.) sin sin ( sin
sin ), cos
cos ( s
-cosa), ~a
~A ( ~A
-~a) .

204.
h

t .
,

. , , ;

~ ,

~ ,

~ , ~ , ~ .

cos

177)

+ cos ~ + silZa sin ~ .

~ ~ h h . 'l

cos
cos

+ sin sin ~ -- ~
~ + sin sin D,
~

177)

177)

cos ~
cos ~ ,
3

sin 2 ~
(cos + cos cos ) ~ =
sin sin ~
sin sin cos "-,
2
sin ~b
(cos cos cos ) ~ =
sin sin ~
sin sin cos /~ ,

+ cosA cosB

cos
sin
(.

sin
145

sinA sinB cos (. 147 . 159.)

sin sin , sin sin sin sin
. 157.)
sin , sin ,

584

sin 6
sin 6

cos sin 6
cos sin 6

sin 6
sin 6

+ sin

cos 6
sin cos 6

cos Q + cos Q

+ sin sin Q ,

6, 6,

205.

Jl.

, . , , ,

Q , Q , Q

Q , Q , Q

, , .

fl .

. () ,' t, li , t.
. , ,
,
,

sin

cos

sin

sin
cos

sin ; .cos

cos , Q

r[~,a
1\'

sinb
I\+ t '
I\B+sinAcosb
QC
.
g
sm

.
sm
.
sm
.

178 )

I\

sina
I\+ t . I\+' sinBcosaQc
= Sln
.
cog . sm . ~
.
Sln

l Q = -

cos Q

cos Q

+ sin sin Q

585
u.

, 178)
h

( ).
. .

206.

. , , .

, , .
r

L~a, ,6, ,6

,6,

,6.

,6 .

177)

i~iCJ

sin sin ,6
.6 = - - - - - - .c-o-s-B=------'
/'

cos

,6

6 .
,6

.6

179)

tg

tg

,6

+ tg

tg ..

,6 h
,6

177)

cos

,6

sin

cos
cos ,6

-sin sin
cos

sin

+ cos ,6 + sin sin

sin 2 6
t!,

,6

.177)

(cos

,6

sin

+ cos cos ) 1}

sin cos ,6

+ cos cos = sin sin cos (. 147 . 159.)

sin

sin

sin sin

(.

145

157),

586
si6-si

cos c6b-sin

c6A-si

cos

6=0>

tgB6a SSi,
sinc,6A
6=
, .
sin
sin cos ~
isin cos
3 , , '

!::

cos
!::
sin
sin !::
= --------::::------,-cos

177 ) 6=

tgA-' tga

+tgb

tg
_silZ cos
. sin _ ,.
1,6C=.
6.
!::"'--'
~
sm
sm cos
sm cos
"

207.

, . , , .
, , .
6, 6, 6 6, 6, 6 .

(}
, , ,

()

,!-.

6=

-6

tg
6

cos
!::

tg

~\B +sin

cos
6

+ tg

sin
-

tg

= _ tg 6 _ s~n cos 6 + . sin !\

sin
sm cos
, , sm cos - .
I

581'
.

3 .

178)

159).

t .

~C.
,

---~.~---

178)


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. .

180
182
183
184

II

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3. .
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f
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1. 3. ~/ 2 2

. . . 189

+
_____
V + q

2. 3.

. . . . 191
....
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192

sin sin cos . . . . . .

195

sin ,,+ q cos:~..

cos = cos cos +

3.

3.

4.

3.

5.

3 =

~ + {~2 + q

...... .

6. lj

7. 3r

. . .

1. 3.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

,_

V 2 -

,"}------.,--

3.
3.

. .

. .

r
X=-z+y

3 =

1/

'

T'-Q

. . . 200
201

_ 201

.2

cos '(

.'

. 204
206
,

. . . . . . . . 208

.....

--:-,--;--::-----;0----;--2
2

196

sin " - q cos ~. . . . .

.....
cos = - cos cos + sin sin cos . . .

3. V 3.

. , . . . 210

2.
.

log(1 + ) . . . .

9. log ( + Q)

70. log(K - 1) .
. . . . . .
71. log (1 - )

72.log(P-Q)

73. -
8.

. . . . . -.

- ,

. . ,. ,".211
,,'. .
"

'.-

-,

'

. . .

..

'

.,;";,,,218
38

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594
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1.
.

74.
75.

.
.

220 .
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0-

2.
.

76.
77.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . . . . .
!(l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .

223

224

.
.

78.

79. .

1:10. .

81.

82. ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. . . -.
83. .'

84. -

. . . .

85. I{ . . . .

86. I{opeHe . .

87. . '.

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227
228
229
231
234
236

237
238
239
244

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. . . .

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. .

246

248
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253
257

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93. lj
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94.

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96. 9;Ji .

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97. . .
98. lj

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260
262,
264
269

271

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99.
100.
101.
102.

I<apAah-

.273
.275
.276
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1.
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105.
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107.
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304
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. . . '. . . . . . . . 313

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