The steady state flow energy balance can be expressed as follows:

144
u
g
fu
p+
u+ z +
L=0 ... (1)

2 gc
gc
2 gc D
The second term in (1), the kinetic energy term is neglected in flow calculations.
If no mechanical work is done on the fluid. Ws =0
The reduced term can be written as:
144
g
f u2
P+ z+
L

gc
2 gc D

(2)

Properties of Fluid Mixture

Density of a multiphase fluid mixture

By mixing rule:
m= l H l + g (1H l ) .. (3)

Density of Gas
g =

28.97 G g P
..
ZRT

(4)

Density of Liquid
The density of the liquid (oil and water) is obtained as:
l= o ho + w hw

l=

... (5)

( 62.4 Go + 0.0136G g R s ) ho 62.4 Gw h w

Bo

Bw

.....

(6)
The oil volume fraction is estimated as:
q
ho = o
..
qo +q w
(7)
hw =

qw
q o +q w

(8)
Substituting (4) and (6) into (3), we have:

 m=

{(

62.4 G o +0.0136 G g Rs
62.4 Gw hw
28.97 G g P
h o+
Hl+
(1H l)
Bo
Bw
ZRT

(9)
The velocity of fluid at a cross-section of a pipe may be defined as:
q +q
U m= g l ... (10)
A
U m=

0.4152 q g TZ
PD

0.000082735 Bo ql

......

D2

(11)
From (2) above;
144
g
f u2
P+ z+
L

gc
2 gc D

.. (12)

For an inclined flow (directional well);

cos =

Z
L

Z= L cos (13)

Substituting for Z

in (12)
2

144
g
fu
P+ Lcos +
L

gc
2 gc D

Substituting for

mU m

.. (14)

in (14), we have:
144 P

{(

62.4 G o+ 0.0136 G g R s
62.4 Gw hw
28.97G g P
ho +
Hl+
(1H l) +
Bo
Bw
ZRT

0.4152q g TZ 0.00008273 ql B o 2
g
f
L cos +
+
L=0
gc
2 gC D
P D2
D2

.. (15)
Expanding (15)

144 P

{(

62.4 G o+ 0.0136 G g R s
62.4 Gw hw
28.97G g P
ho +
Hl+
(1H l) +
Bo
Bw
ZRT

17239104 X 108 q g2 T 2 Z 2 69703 X 109 q g ql TZ Bo 6845 X 1012 q2l B2o

g
f
L cos +
+
+
L=0
gc
2 gc D
P2 D 4
P D4
D4

(16)
Convert diameter D inches to feet
17239104 X 108 X 125
=667
2 X 32.17
68703 X 109 X 125
=0.26571
2 X 32.17
6845 X 1012 X 125
=0.000026473
2 X 32.17
144 P

{(

62.4 G o+ 0.0136 G g R s
62.4 Gw hw
28.97G g P
ho +
Hl+
(1H l) +
Bo
Bw
ZRT

667 q g2 T 2 Z2 0.26571q g ql TZ Bo 0.000026473q 2l B2o

g
f
L cos +
+
+
L=0
gc
2 gc D
P2 D 4
P D4
D4

. (17)
Numerical value of g = gc.

{(

144 P

62.4 G o+ 0.0136 G g R s
62.4 Gw hw
28.97G g P
ho +
Hl+
(1H l)
Bo
Bw
ZRT

667 gfq g2 T 2 Z 2 0.26571 fq g ql TZ Bo 0.000026473 fq 2l B 2o

+
+
+
P 2 D5
P D5
D5
cos

(18)
Let
2 2
667 f q g T
C1 =
5
D
C2 =

0.26571 f q g q l T
D5

26473 X 109 f q 2l
C3 =
D5
Therefore;

cos +C 1

Z
Z
144 P
+C 2 B o
+C 3 B 2o L=
P
P
62.4 Go +0.0136 Gg Rs
62.4 G w h w
28.97 Gg P
h o+
Hl+
(1H l
Bo
Bw
ZRT

( )

( )

{(

... (19)

Let X =

{(

62.4 Go +0.0136 G g R s
62.4 G w h w
ho+
Bo
Bw

...

(20)

cos +C 1

Z
Z
2
+C 2 B o
+C 3 B o L=
P
P

( )

( )

144 P
2.7 G g P(1H l)
X H l+
ZT

... (21)

Integrating we have;
P
L
1
P
L=

2
144 0
2.7 G g P (1H l )
P
Z
Z
cos + C1
+C 2 Bo
+C 3 B2o X H l +
P
P
ZT
2

( )

)(

( )

.. (22)
z
P
P

P2

L
T
=
144 2.7G g
P
1

cos + C1

XZT H l
Z 2
Z
+C2 B o
+C3 B2o
+(1H l)
P
P
2.7 G g P

( )

)(

( )

(23)
z
P
P

P2

2.7 G g L
=
144 T

P1

cos + C1

XZT H l
Z 2
Z
+C2 B o
+C3 B2o
+( 1H l)
P
P
2.7 G g P

( )

( )

)(

.. (24)
z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

cos + C1

Z
Z
+C 2 B o
+C 3 B2o
P
P

( )

( )

){(

62.4 G o + 0.0136G g R s
62.4 G w hw H l ZT
ho +
+
Bo
Bw
2.7 G g P

(25)

z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

Z 2
Z
2
cos + C1
+C2 B o
+C3 Bo
P
P

( )

( )

)((

23.11 G o ho 0.005037G g R s ho 23.11 Gw hw

+
+
H l ZT +(1
G g Bo
Bo G g P
Bw G g P

.. (26)
z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

cos + C1

){

( )( ZP )( G +0.000218 R + G h B )1}H
Go

Z
Z
1
+C 2 B o
+C 3 B2o ( ( 23.11 ho T )
P
P
Bo

( )

( )

G w hw B o

For gas only,

Z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

cos + C1

( ) )( (23.11h T )( B1 )( ZP ))
Z
P

For oil only,

Z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

((

(cos +C 3 B2o ) ( 23.11 ho T )

G h B
Z G
+ 0.000218 R +
1 +1
(
)
( ) P (G
G h B ) ) )
1
Bo

For the mixture,

Z
P
P

P2

0.01875G g L
=
T
P
1

cos + C1

Z 2
+C3 B2o
P

( )

)((

( )( )(

G h B

) )

1 Z
o
w w o
( 23.11 ho T ) B P G +0.000218 R s+ G h B 1 H l+1
o
g
o o w