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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

Petroleum Storage Tanks

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-1-1 : Types Of Storage Tanks

.

.
]: [3,25,22
:
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
:
.1 0.2 Kg/cm2
.2 0.2 Kg/cm2
:
.1 ) (.
.2 )
.(....
:
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
:
.1 .
1
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

.2 .
.3 .

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:
.1 .Under ground
.2 .
.3 .Above ground
.4 .
American petroleum
institute API ]: [ 3
: Atmospheric Storage Tanks
.1 . Fixed roof
.2 . Floating roof
.3 " " . Breathed roof
.4 ) ( . Dome roof
.5 fixed roof plus floating roof
. storage tanks
: low-pressure storage tanks
.1 .hemispheroid
.2 .spheroidal
.
-2-1 : Atmospheric Storage Tanks
.

. .

. :

2
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

.
.

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-1-2-1 : Fixed- Roof Tanks

.
.

.
:
.

.
.
.
.
.
cone roof 91m
) (300 ft ) 19.5m (64 ft
. umbrella roof
dome ).18m (60 ft
) (1-1 [ 3 ] .

3
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

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) (1-1
][27

-2-2-1 :Floating Roof Tanks

.
.
.
. :
-1 .
-2 .
.

.
-3
.
-4
.

4
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

-1-2-2-1 : Types Of Floating Roof

-

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: Pan floating roof

.

.
.
. .

. ) (2-1 .
- :Pontoon Floating Roof
.
.
:
- 1 :
.annular-pontoon
. ) ( 3-1
.
- 2
:

.
.
.

5
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

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H2S
.
- 3 :
-
- .
- :Double-Deck Floating Roof
. .
.
. .
) (4-1 .

6
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[3] Pan Floating Roof ( 2-1)

Petroleum Storage Tanks

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[ 3] annular-pontoon ( 3-1)

Petroleum Storage Tanks

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Double deck floating roof ( 4-1)

[3] tank

Petroleum Storage Tanks

 Petroleum Storage Tanks

- 3-2-1 " " :Breathing Roof Tanks

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.
.
.

.

-4-2-1 ) ( :Vapor-Dome Roof

.
.
).(5-1

)(5-1
][3

-5-2-1

fixed roof plus

: floating roof tanks

.
.
.
10
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 Petroleum Storage Tanks

) (H2S
. .
) ( 6-1 .

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) ( 6-1
) (seals [33,3] .

11
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H2S pH ) 6-12 )(9-6

( 8.5 HS- ] [10
:

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)H2S H+ + HS- (1
)Fe++ + HS- (FeSH)+ (2
HS-

)

(
:
)(FeSH)+ + HS- HS-Fe-S-Fe-S-Fe-SH (3

)
( :
)HS-Fe-SH + 2H+ +2Cl- Fe(H2S2)++(Cl-)2 (4

:
)(5
)(6

3H2S + Fe2O3 2FeS + S + 3H2O

4H2S + Fe3O4 3FeS + S + 4H2O

.

:
)Fe++ + 2HCl FeCl2 + 2H+ (7
)Fe+2 +2SH- FeS + S-- + 2H+ (8

.FeS


169
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) HAZ
(
:

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)(9

H2

2H+ + 2 e- 2Ho

1.8534
0.7 ) 0.346( .

. SCC

-6-6 :
-1 .
.
-2
.
-3



.

170
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American Petroleum Institute API 650 Welded Steel Tanks For Oil Storage
,2000
API 652 - Lining of aboveground petroleum Storage tank bottoms ,Seconded
ion ,December 1997,Copy right by API - Nov.2003.
API XIII guide for inspection of refinery equipment 1981.
ASME Section IX. Welding and Brazing Qualification 2001.
Welding Handbook - American , Welding Society AWS.Fundamentals of
Welding - Seventh Edition,Volume1.
Tristar Middle East -" Welding Technology and N.D.T For Welded Joints
and Base Metal "Egypt - Tristar @ so/.co.uk. 2003..
Beginners Guide to Cor., Bill Nimmo and Gareth Hinds ,NPL s Cor. Group ,
Fep .2003 NPL NCS Web site .
Stress Cor. Cracking test method , A.John Sedriks , B.C.Syrett , Series Edit NACE National Association of Cor. Engineering 1996.
AWS A5.1-64T ASTM A233-64T Mild Steel Covered Arc- Welding
Electrodes 1964 .
H2S corrosion in oil and gas production a compilation of classic
paper,R.N.Tuttle,national association of corrosion engineers,(1981).
ASTM G15&,G30 ,1997

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

. 12
2002 - APTI 13
2002 - APTI 14
.
15
. 2003 ..
.. .
16
2002 . . &
1998 .. .1- 17
.
18
2001-2000
.2005 19
. . . 20
172
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references