Running head: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

PPE 310: Health Literacy for Schools

Physical Activity Pyramid
Signature Assignment
Logan Garner
Course # 79418
Professor Miller
11 November, 2015

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

Introduction
Across all 50 studies (reported in 43 articles), there were a total of 251
associations between physical activity and academic performance, representing measures of
academic achievement, academic behavior, and cognitive skills and attitudes. (U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services 5). These studies show that there is a direct correlation between
physical activity and academic achievement within the classroom. This shows how important it
is to students success with school and the benefits they can receive from exercise and physical
education class. To ensure that students are successful within the classroom it is important that
they be encouraged to go exercise in their free time and create a healthy balance between their
studies and their exercise. To ensure that students are well informed about how they should
exercise schools should put up posters encouraging the physical exercise pyramid in hopes that
students will slowly but surely work towards an energy balance within their life. The knowledge
of how to exercise and what types of exercise to do are all labeled within the physical exercise
pyramid, and through education of what exercises to do, students will have an idea of how to
carry on in their health after school and structured activity ends. This pyramid allows students to
work towards understanding various exercises and how to maintain a healthy balance of physical
activity throughout their life while encouraging students to grow both physically and cognitively.
PPE Portfolio link
Current Literature Review
(Removed Article Title)
The purpose of this research was to gain accurate data to determine if kids from ages 9
and 15 were gaining enough exercise, and determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease
risk factors in these same aged children. The methods to obtain the data that was gathered for the

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

samples were found through various European countries; Denmark, Portugal, Estonia, and
Norway. Each individual that participated within the sample gained consent to participate from
the parent or legal guardian of the child. The children were selected from an age group of 9 and
15 year olds to have a variety of students on both spectrums of either side of puberty with a
minimum of 20 schools within each country using probability that is proportionate to the
schools size. Using an MTI accelerometer around the hip vertical movement can be detected as
well as the intensity of the movement as well as how often it is performed. The study lasted a full
year in which students would wear the accelerometer for 4 consecutive days in which they would
wear the accelerometer all day except to bathe or swim. Of the 2906 who participated in the
study 2185 produced valid results. From the data gathered there is a clear result in a decline of
time engaged within moderate activity as a kid ages and develops. The 9 year olds within the
study were able to meet the recommendations of physical activity within a day, however 15 year
olds struggled to achieve the same, particularly females.
(Removed Article Title)
The focus of this article was to extend more research upon existing information that
already exists by analyzing high school students in the United States to find the demographic
distribution of students who are overweight or at risk to become overweight. The journal will
also describe the distribution of weight management goals and practices by body weight
categories and finally will examine specific weight management goals and compare them to
practices and participation in physical activity, diet, and cigarette smoking. The first group of
sampling contained 1270 subjects in public and private high schools of students grades 9th
through 12th. The second stage of sampling was done thorough 187 schools were selected and
samples were chosen through proportionate school size. Students of different ethnicities were
ensured to be involved in the study as well. The method in which the information was gathered

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

relied upon a survey done by the students.in which they answer various questions. The results
from the study showed that only 64.7% of the students who participated in the survey did
vigorous physical activity 3 or more days a week. Also fewer students participated in muscle
strengthening activities at 53.6% of three days or more, and only 26.7% did moderate physical
activity 5 days or more a week. Students diets of vegetables and fruit consumption was rated at
only 23.9% of 5 or more servings per day. While 25% of the students were overweight or at risk
of becoming overweight based upon their body mass index. Of all students within this study
58.4% used exercise to control their weight.
(Removed Article Title)
The purpose of this article was to learn more about adolescents entering college as well
as the first two years of college life on their eating patterns, body weight and exercise these
adolescents have. This was done through checking weight, height, Body Mass Index, exercise,
and daily habits of first year college students, as well as assess the changes that happened due to
this within their sophomore year of school. The study was completed at Washington University
in St. Louis, Missouri with college freshman between 1999 and 2000. The participants within
this study completed demographic and health history surveys. BMIs were assessed upon all
participants Students also completed multiple questionnaires for different exercises such as
stretching, regular aerobic exercise and regular strength training. These questionnaires were also
used to determine students diets during this time period as well. The total amount of participants
was 764 freshmen, where the BMI at the beginning of their freshman year was found to be 3%
underweight, 84% normal weight, 10% at risk of being overweight, and 4% overweight. This is
fairly close to the adult BMI criteria. More men than women participated within strength training
as freshman, where women ate more fatty foods, where it was found that the faster food eaten
was inversely related to the amount of vegetables and fruits eaten. At the end of sophomore year

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

290 students returned. Of these 270 students 70% had an increase in body weight, though weight
decreased for 26% of the students while 3% remained the same. Aerobic exercise declined in
these individuals however everything else remained the same.
(Removed Article Title)
The purpose of this particular study was to assess the impact that an integrated
curriculum based around the Food Guide Pyramid and the Physical Activity Pyramid would have
on improving the diets and physical activity knowledge of adolescents. To complete this study
consent was approved by the superintendent of the school district, the school board, the
principal, the district food service coordinator, the schools health, and physical activity
instructors, and the universitys instructional review board. Lessons that ranged from thirty to
forty minutes were created and implemented within the school. A thirty-four question nutrition
knowledge and thirty question physical activity knowledge questionnaire were given to the
students as a pretest and posttest. A curriculum was created to ensure that students would meet
the standards of learning created by the Department of Education. This curriculum was focused
around identification, frequency, quantification, and relationship. The results of this study were
found that students BMI was at 24 plus or minus 7 BMI points. Also there was an increase in
mean pre-intervention and post intervention nutritional knowledge scores from the pretest to the
posttest. This was also true for the physical activity pre and posttest as well. The integration of
the curriculum was well accepted by both students and teachers alike, and students had a
minimal change in behavior throughout the study in regards to their habits and knowledge about
nutrition and exercise.
(Removed Article Title)

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The purpose of this particular study was to evaluate the successfulness of a classroom
based physical activity program and determine physical activity levels throughout the day and on
task behavior during classroom time. The participants were students in grades K-4th at a public
school in eastern North Carolina. The methods to collect the research within the study were
measured through the physical activity level of students who participated in energizer activities
against those who did not participate in the same activities. This was calculated with Yamax
pedometers. Students participation in Energizers affected their behavior during classroom
instruction was measured through multiple classrooms at a staggered pace. The results from this
study concluded that students who were placed within intervention classes which used
Energizers through the class took 782 more steps daily than those who did not. Students
averaged 350 to 960 more steps dependent upon age through these Energizer activities. The
average percentage of on task behavior increased by about 20% after participation in Energizer
activities occurred.
Synthesis of Current Literature
The research that was obtained through the literature reviews focused heavily upon
students activity in the classroom as well as their education of physical activity and the
differences that accumulated in their activity levels as well as their body mass index (BMI) over
time. All of these are important factors to determine how much education students receive on
physical activity and as a result, if these types of activities can help students to live a healthier
life. All of the studies that were focused on were based around surveys given out to various
students through different schools and in different areas in multiple countries. This gives a wide
range of students around the world who experience different cultures to examine physical
education and if the epidemic of obesity is just occurring within the United States or around the

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

world, as well as the lack of education in physical activity. For instance children in Europe will
be more physically active before hitting puberty and will decline as they go through puberty
(Riddoch, et al., 2004). As this occurred in different parts of the world it led to the conclusion
that as students age through puberty they are less active.
The data that was collected looked into regarding high school students and college was to
determine their overall education before and after being given more information, and also to see
how students ate and exercised through their adolescent years. The research showed that college
students would often gain weight from their freshman year to their sophomore year of college
and also a decline in exercise was shown during this time period (Racette, Deusinger, Strube,
Highstein, & Deusinger, 2005). With this in mind researchers could begin to focus on why these
college students were gaining weight and exercising less by looking into their physical education
from high school and primary school.
My findings within primary school focused around K-4th graders. This was significant
due to finding research about nine year olds to fifteen year olds in Europe. These K-4th graders
found in eastern North Carolina participated in energizers throughout their classes and the results
were that students were taking from 350 to 960 more steps a day through doing these energizer
activities (Mahar, et al., 2006). This is substantial as the steps quickly add up and through a
school week students could be doing an extra mile of movement.
An interesting survey that was completed on high school students in the United States
found that a majority of the students did vigorous physical activity throughout the day, and that
58.4% used exercise as a way to control their weight. However only 24% of students ate a
healthy amount of vegetables throughout the day (Lowry, Galuska, Fulton, Wechsler, & Kann,
202).This information was viewed critically as students may be exercising but not doing a

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

variety of exercises. This is also important in that though they may be exercising, they must be
eating a healthy diet to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
The final study was focused upon integrating the physical activity pyramid within a
schools curriculum. The data gathered in this survey was done prior to the implementation as
well as after the year to gain data from the students in the form of a survey. The results of the
survey showed that students BMI was around averaged around 24, as well that the students
knowledge about physical activity and nutrition increased significantly (Reinhardt & Brevard,
202). Although this did not affect the students behaviors significantly, it allowed the students to
have a better understanding in both physical activity as well as nutrition.
From the research gathered students slowly become less active as they age, and their
education about physical activity declines in the knowledge they know to be healthy.
Incorporating movement within the classroom as well as instructing students on the physical
activity pyramid can help ensure that students receive an education on how to maintain a healthy
life not only at a young age, but through their adolescents, college years, and the rest of their life.

Target School
Corona Del Sol High School in the Tempe Union High School District. According to
schooldigger.com Corona Del Sol High School has approximately 2746 students attending this
year (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015). The amount of students at Corona Del Sol High
School who are receiving free or reduced lunch are 0.5% of students at the school, which implies
that the school is not a Title 1 school (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015). Information about the
proportion of English Language Learners to students with English as their first language was not
within any of the data. The average class size within Corona Del Sol is 23.9 students for every

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

teacher within the classroom, with grade levels from 9th grade to 12th grade (Corona Del Sol High
School, 2015). According to the data on schooldigger.com the homes around the school are
mostly single family homes, with a slight majority of families owning the homes, with most of
the homes around fifty years old (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015). The ethnicity makeup of
the students within the school consists of 70.6% Caucasian students, 4.7% African American
students, 12.7% Hispanic students, 10.4% Asian students, and 1.7% American Indian students as
of 2010 (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015). The school is ranked the 21st best school state wide
by schooldigger.com within the 90th percentile in the state of Arizona based upon average
standard scores (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015). Corona Del Sol is a public high school
within the state of Arizona (Corona Del Sol High School, 2015).
Practical Implications
Educational Components
Prior to starting a campaign designed to encourage students to do physical activity both
inside and outside of the classroom, a simple anonymous survey will be completed in all
students fourth hour class during the middle of the day. This survey will be broken up by grade
level of students and students will be asked about their current physical activity, and their
education on nutrition throughout their high school experience. Students will also be asked what
type of physical activity they participate in to gain a better understanding of where students are
positioned within the physical activity pyramid currently. Students will also be asked about their
height and weight to determine the students BMI. A second survey will be completed at the end
of the campaign to see if students within the school have begun exercising more and if they
exercise in different ways as well as eat healthier after the campaign and education has begun

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10

within the school system. Students will also be tracking their fitness through the application
MyFitnessPal to encourage student participation throughout the month.
A spreadsheet will then be compiled with results from before and after to determine if
there was a positive impact that had occurred with the completion of the education upon the
school populace. This data will be compared to the data of Reinhardt and Brevard in their study
Integrating the Food Guide Pyramid and Physical Activity Pyramid for positive dietary and
physical activity behaviors in adolescents. From comparing the data from the school to the
previous survey as well as the previous study, the data can be interpreted to suggest how the
education of the campaign affected the students mindset on physical activity and nutrition.
Administration
After collecting the inital data the school will complete an educational workshop on
physical activity and nutrition. This workshop will be aimed to education students within the
school to improve their educational understanding on a healthy lifestyle of physical activity and
nutrition. After the surveys are completed the school administration will be approached with a
school-wide proposal to improve students understanding of physical activity and nutrition to
improve the health of the school. The physical activity pyramid campaign will be a multi-faceted
campaign that includes individualized tracking, classroom competitions, and family participation
throughout the process.
Student Engagement
A classroom physical activity competition will be held for the month in between the time
the two surveys take place. Students will record the amount and type of physical activity they
participate in throughout the day using MyFitnessPal. The classroom that completes the most
time being physically active throughout the week, and ensures to track the information through

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11

the application will be the class that is recognized. To ensure that students are not cheating to win
a prize, as cheating can easily occur, the prize for the winning classroom will be small. This is to
reduce the incentive to cheat while also encouraging students to participate and become active
while in school. To help ensure that students are being active an email will be sent to parents to
inform them of the competition and a parent signature will need to be obtained on a weekly basis
to ensure that students are actively participating in the activities as well as being held
accountable. This parental activity will help to discourage cheating, while actively and encourage
families to participate in the event with their children. Parents will also be encouraged to attend
the workshop and receive various information on the benefits of physical activity throughout the
event to encourage families to participate and educate both parents and students about the
benefits of the program.
Cost of the Project
If students are going to be encouraged to do physical activity and eat nutritiously
throughout the time period, students should have the privilege to be able to use school facilities
of outdoors basketball courts, access to the track, and gym as well as the fields throughout the
school day, and have access to all outdoor facilities for both the parents and the students after
school hours. Students will also need to be encouraged and motivated throughout the campaign
to participate in physical activity and have promotions throughout the school. Corona del Sol
High School has approximately twenty one athletic programs with 80% of students participating
in extracurricular activities. The proposal will recommend encouragement of the physical
activity pyramid around the school through posters, signs, and recommendations for students to
follow. It will also be recommended that students attend a workshop that parents may attend as
well to give information out about nutrition, physical activity throughout their high school

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12

experience and into their future after high school is finished. The total cost of a panel of speakers
can include various nutritionists, personal trainers, physical education teachers, physical
therapists, and college professors. These individuals can be asked to attend and speak, but a
payment of $200.00 per individual for their time in participating in the event. If the panel has a
total of five speakers for a two-hour panel the total cost would reach $1000,00 and an additional
$2000.00 for posters, t-shirts, and event fliers to allow students to show their school spirit while
participating in the event.to promote a healthy environment for the students to actively go to
school in.
Funding
A total of $3000.00 over a month period of time can be quite a bit of money for a school.
The key to funding the campaign can come through a grant to increase physical activity
throughout the school. It can also be paid for through a fundraiser of a 5k run that the school can
host and raise money for. Also a Quarter per Quarter student giving campaign can begin
through which the student government can use to improve physical activity facilities throughout
the school. The additional money after the event can be used towards increasing awareness
around school of nutrition and physical activity, or can be distributed towards new athletic
facilities to promote a place where the public as well as students can come to participate in
physical activity. All members of society should have an understanding that nutrition and
physical activity are essential to a healthy life and it is important to begin at a young age.
Through the support of leadership throughout the community and the school helping promote an
excellence in physical activity. The school will also apply for various grants, specifically a grant
through Action for Healthy Kids. This particular grant gives out anywhere from $500 to $5000
dollars to schools, and in a year has given out over 1.4 million dollars to schools. Being able to

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apply for this grant and receiving this grant will allow the school to save up more money to
install new facilities at a much faster pace as well as ensure that there is a great event hosted by
the school. Any excess in money will be put into a fund that will accumulate over the years to
add to the schools campus in a way to promote physical activity.
Scheduling
A final step within this proposal would be to have a large turnout of the community and
student body at the workshop to engage in a national issue of the health of our youth. The need
for physical exercise and nutrition is essential to ensure a healthy lifestyle. To promote the
awareness of the event flyers, emails, and pamphlets will be sent out prior to the event.
Scheduling for the event will occur months before the event occurs to ensure that the individuals
requested will be able to make the event.
A 5k will also take place to encourage the students to become physically active and raise
money for the schools athletic facilities to give more spaces for the community and the student
body to have more places to be physically active. Scheduling for the 5k event will occur once the
date is set for the workshop. In this the 5k can be used to end the physical activity pyramid
campaign.
Marketing
To promote the physical activity project and provide constant access to information for
the community, parents, and students, communication is required. Through email, as well as
flyers and pamphlets students and parents will be in communication at all times. Local radio
stations will also be informed of the event and asked to plug the event during the week leading
up to the workshop. These flyers and pamphlets will lead students to links such as MyFitnessPal
as well as information about physical activity, and the various types of physical activity

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classifications. Posters will also be made and put throughout the campus and classrooms of the
physical activity pyramid and information about the pyramid itself. This pyramid will be shown
to allow students to gain information about physical activity and place the idea of physical
activity around the campus to allow students to think about it throughout the day. T-shirts will
also be made in which students will be able to wear around campus to help promote the physical
activity pyramid as well as promote the physical activity pyramid campaign across the campus
prior to the event starting. Images of these can be found within the Appendix. If any other
information is needed please visit the website: http://310sig.weebly.com/.
Conclusion
By participating in this physical activity pyramid program students will increase their
health and productivity within the classroom and encourage a healthy lifestyle at Corona del Sol
High School. Corona del Sol High School will also see an increase in student grades, test scores,
and physical activity rates through self-reported data through the application MyFitnessPal. To
allow the continuation of this program in years after the initial start date a website designed to
promote the physical activity pyramid can be made and be designed for end user friendliness and
easy editing. The data collected for each year may be contained in the data to see a change in the
schools dynamic after multiple years and see how far students have strived since the initial
campaign began. This data will show positive growth through the community in general by
student participation and support from the school and surrounding communities. This program
could also be implemented within other schools in the Tempe Union High School District, the
state, and around the country to increase awareness of physical activity pyramid. Hopefully, the
outcome and the education that comes along with the campaign and the chance for students to

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change their school for the better, increasing physical activity and improvement of academic
scores as a direct result to this campaign.
In the first year, the expectation is that the faculty will be orientated as to what the
program is, and why the program is important. The faculty will also need to be familiar with
MyFitnessPal, and what is anticipated to occur in future years. By the third year that the program
has been implemented, ideally the students will have a much deeper understanding of physical
activity and the physical activity pyramid. Students BMIs will reduce, their consumptions of
healthy foods increase, and their physical activity increases. At this point the faculty will not
only be knowledgeable about the content, but excited about the annual quarter competition, the
fitness competition, and the annual 5k run. This excitement will pass through the entire student
body and add to more exercise as well as an increased excitement of what prizes will be
available as well as which classroom gets bragging rights over the rest of the student body. By
this time the student body will be competing more honestly as well as the community around the
school will be excited for the competitions, the educational workshop and the 5k run that they
may also compete in and see where the funds will be allocated to in the school. By the fifth year
it is anticipated that the program will be a cross-school event that is incorporated within all
schools district wide to increase community participation and bring education on physical
activity to all students within the district.
This program will boost community involvement within school activities and bring more
individuals to the school to participate in physical activity as well as promote physical activity in
the community by offering a 5k within the community close by. This program will also increase
moral of all students and faculty at the school throughout the campaign. In the end the health of
the students requires that the students gain the education and are responsible for their own health,

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but also in their parents and their teachers. Teachers will have the duty to promote a healthy
environment in which they can grow in the classroom and allow the students to gain a strong
education about physical activity and healthy lifestyles. This program has the potential to obtain
this goal and make it a reality.

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References
Corona Del Sol High School. (2015). Retrieved from School Digger:
http://www.schooldigger.com/go/AZ/schools/0834000790/school.aspx
Lowry, R., Galuska, D. A., Fulton, J. E., Wechsler, H., & Kann, L. (202). Weight Management
Goals and Practices Among U.S. High School Students: Associations With Physical Activity,
Diet, and Smoking. Journal of Adolescent Health, 133-144.
Mahar, M. T., Murphy, S. K., Rowe, D. A., Golden, J., Shields, A. T., & Raedeke, T. D. (2006).
Effects of a Classroom-Based Program on Physical Activity and On-Task Behavior.
Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2086-2094.
MyFitnessPal. (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2015, from https://www.myfitnesspal.com/
Racette, S. B., Deusinger, S. S., Strube, M. J., Highstein, G. R., & Deusinger, R. H. (2005).
Weight Changes, Exercise, and Dietary Patterns During Freshman and Sophomore Years
of College. Journal of American College Health, 245-251.
Reinhardt, W. C., & Brevard, P. B. (202). Integrating the Food Guide Pyramid and Physical
Activity Pyramid for positive dietary and physical activity behaviors in adolescents. The
American Dietetic Association, S96-S99.
Riddoch, C. J., Andersen, L. B., Wedderkopp, N., Harro, M., Klasson-Heggebo, L., Sardinha, L.
B., . . . Ekelund, U. (2004). Physical Activity Level and Patterns of 9- and 15-yr-Old
European Children. Bristol: American College of Sports Medicine.
School Grants for Healthy Kids. Action for Healthy Kids. 8 June 2015. Web. 15 Nov. 2015

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Appendix A
Initial Meeting Flier

This flier is used to have an initial meeting to pike student interest and gain the help of the
student body to run the event. This flier is also helpful in allowing the students to see the
physical activity pyramid for the first time and strive towards having the students become
interested in participating in the campaign.

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Appendix B
T-shirt Design 1 (Front)

This first T-shirt design is meant to be given to those that are willing to help with the physical
activity pyramid campaign. This will ensure that students are actively promoting the physical
activity pyramid as well as reward the students who are willing to help make the campaign a
success.

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Appendix C
T-Shirt Design 2 (Front)

This t-shirt will be given to those who participate in the 5k event, as well as the classroom who
wins the Quarter per Quarter classroom challenge. Those helping in the event will also receive
this shirt. This will allow students to participate as well as show school pride while working
towards winning the challenges and being physically active.
T-Shirt Design 2 (Back)

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Appendix D
5k Promotional Flier

This poster will be used to promote the 5k run that the school will hold for the community. With
the physical activity pyramid on the poster it will be able to reach more people as well. This will
ensure that more individuals see it and also helps the students to be more exposed to the physical
activity pyramid. The 5k is the concluding event for the campaign and as such will be used to
promote more education through the physical activity pyramid as well.

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Appendix E
MyFitnessPal Website

The MyFitnessPal Website is a key component to keep track of the students physical activity
throughout the month and is also a helpful application that the students may use to continue their
healthy eating and physical activity habits they will obtain throughout this campaign. This
application is great at tracking physical activity and as such is a great tool for the students to use
to obtain accurate information on their physical activity and allows them to utilize the physical
activity pyramid at the same time.

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Newsletters to Parents

This newsletter is to help inform parents of what is occuring within the school and try to get
them on board with coming to the event to learn about what is happening within the campaign
and to hear from various professionals about how help students be physical active with the help
of the parents, school, and community. This newsletter allows for a direct communication to
parents to try and get their support for the health of their children.

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It is necessary to pass the Signature Assignment with a C or better in all categories to pass this course.

*A passing grade is a total score of 72.5 points or higher, which includes your 10 point outline score. See
Appendix B for description of Signature Assignment

Rubric for Signature Assignment

Criteria with
Professional
Standards
Referenced
Outline
Outline Turned
In(Already
submitted for
points)

5
Exemplary
(97 100%)

4
Highly
Proficient
(93 96%)

3
Proficient
(83 92%)

2
Approaching
Proficient
(73 82%)

1
Unsatisfactory
(72%
and below)

Brief outline
with at least
5 original
peer
reviewed
references
written in
APA format
is submitted.

Brief outline
with some
references but
not 5 original
peer reviewed
references
written in APA
format are
submitted.

Brief outline
with one or no
references
submitted.

No outline was
submitted.

Introduction
is fully
developed
with all
topics
introduced.

Introduction is
addressed well,
somewhat
organized and
created a plan
for the paper

Introduction is
addressed
adequately.

Introduction is
omitted or was
disorganized
and did not
create a plan
for the paper.

10 Points
Logical, detailed
outline with at
least 5 original
peer reviewed
references
written in APA
format is
submitted with a
technology
choice selected
to embed the
assignment.

5 x 2=10 points
Introduction
Introduction to
the topic and
overview (In
your purpose
statement also
introduce all
subtopics)

InTASC 1c,k;
5k; 9f; 10h

10 Points
Introduction is
fully developed,
well organized,
introduces all
topics, created a
plan for the
paper and
invites the
reader to read
further.

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NAEYC 6b
NETS-T 3a,d;
4a,c

5 x 2=10 points

CEC EC2S1;
CC7K1;
EC7K1;CC9K4;
CC9S8

Literature
Review
Adequacy of
Knowledge
(includes 5 peer
reviewed
original research
articles
references)
InTASC 1c,k;
5k; 9f; 10h

15 Points
1. Literature
review
highlights major
issues in the
area.

1. Literature
review
addresses
major issues
in the area.

2. Through use
of a range of
references to
support key
issues.

2. Thorough
use of a
range of
references to
support key
issues.

NAEYC 6b

NETS-T 3a,d;
4a,c

CEC EC2S1;
CC7K1;
EC7K1;CC9K4;
CC9S8

3. Description of
important
studies
establishes
context for the
reader.

4. Includes more
than 5
informative
references.

5 x 3=15 points

3. Includes
descriptions
of important
studies to
provide
context for
the reader.

4. Includes 5
or more
references.

1. Literature
review may
address major
issues, but
issues may not
be supported
with expert
knowledge.

2. Good use of
references, but
additional
references may
have
strengthened
the paper.

3. Includes 4
references.

1. Literature
review does not
address the
major issues in
the area; the
level of support
for the issues is
not adequate.

2. Includes 3
references.

1. Literature
review does not
have the depth
of knowledge
appropriate to
this upper level
course.

2. Includes less
than 2
references.

26

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

Synthesis of
Information

15 Points

Synthesis of
Information
(what did the
articles
collectively say
about the topic?
Which authors
had similar and
different
findings?)

1. Studies
covering the
same topic
synthesize
related research.

Studies
covering the
same topic
are
summarized
and
integrated

2. Described
similar or
differing and
detailed themes
throughout the
articles

level work.

InTASC 1c,k;
5k; 9f; 10h
NAEYC 6b
NETS-T 3a,d;
4a,c
CEC EC2S1;
CC7K1;
EC7K1;CC9K4;
CC9S8

3. Demonstrate
thoroughly how
your research
and the data
collected
supports your
stance on why
your healthy and
active school
plan is not only
important for
hope and
engagement at
your school and
in your
community, but
ties to academic
success in your
classroom as
well.

5 x 3=15 points

Information is
presented
study-by-study
rather than
summarized by
topic.

2. Described
similar or
differing
themes
throughout the
articles which
were not
detailed
3. Somewhat
emonstrated
how your
research and
the data
collected
supports your
stance on why
your healthy
and active
school plan is
not only
important for
hope and
engagement at
your school
and in your
community, but
ties to
academic
success in your
classroom as
well.

The literature
review is a
mixed set of
ideas without a
particular
focus.

The literature
review does not
demonstrate a
particular focus
and lacks ideas
based on the
subject chosen.

2. Described
similar or
differing
themes
throughout the
articles,
however they
were not
detailed
3. Did not
demonstrate
how your
research and
the data
collected
supports your
stance on why
your healthy
and active
school plan is
not only
important for
hope and
engagement at
your school and
in your
community, but
ties to
academic
success in your
classroom as

27

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

well.
Practical
Implications and
Technology
infusion

30 Points

Practical
Implications
(Discuss how
the findings can
or will later be
applied to your
teaching setting)

1. Practical
implications of
your event
details including
your teaching
level and in a
particular setting
are discussed
thoroughly. A
minimum of 6
topics are
applied.

InTASC 1c,k;
5k; 9f; 10h
NAEYC 6b
NETS-T 3a,d;
4a,c
CEC EC2S1;
CC7K1;
EC7K1;CC9K4;
CC9S8

2. Contains
thorough
discussion on
how each of the
6
program/compo
nents that are in
place are
organized,
conducted, and
overseen or a
detailed plan
about how each
component can
be added.

3. All
programs/compo
nents
implemented
include
discussion on

1. Pratical
implications
are discussed
but not
related to a
particular
teaching
setting or
topic or
certain
details are
missing.

1. Pratical
implications
are discussed
but not at a
particularly
level or in a
particular
setting and
many details of
your event are
missing.

2. Contained at
least 4-5
components of
a
comprehensive
school
program;
however, some
of the needed
detail is
missing.
3. Contains
thorough
discussion on
how most of
the
program/comp
onent that are
in place are
organized,
conducted, and
overseen or a
detailed plan
about how the

1. Practical
implications
are not
thoroughly
discussed and
only a few
details of the
event are
present

1. Practical
implications
are not
discussed and
no details of
the event are
present.
2. Contained 3
or fewer
components of
a
comprehensive
school program
3. Contains
little discussion
on which
programs/comp
onents are
currently in
place
4. Contains
little discussion
on how each
program/compo
nent is
organized,
conducted, and
overseen and
little detail
about how the
components
can be added.
5. Few

28

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

modifications
for those with
disabilities.

4. Contained a
detailed
description of a
special event
that promotes a
healthy and
active school
environment
5. Contained
discussion on a
specific health
behavior
highlighted by
the special event
6. Specific
target grade
level was
identified and
was appropriate
for students of
that age
7. Contained
discussion on
how to involve
the entire school
in the event
8. Embeding
Technology as a
platform to
enhance your
proposal was
used with an
approved
application from
your instructor

components
can be added.

4. Most
programs/comp
onents
implemented
include
discussion on
modifications
for those with
disabilities.

5. Contained a
somewhat
detailed
description of a
special event
that promotes a
healthy and
active school
environment
6. Contained
some
discussion on a
specific health
behavior
highlighted by
the event
7. Specific
target grade
level was
somewhat
identified and
was appropriate
for students of
that age
8. Contained
some

programs/comp
onents
implemented
include
discussion on
modifications
for those with
disabilities.

6. Contained
little detail on a
special event
that promotes a
healthy and
active school
environment
7. Contained
little discussion
on a specific
health behavior
highlighted by
the special
event
8. Specific
target grade
level was not
identified
and/or not
appropriate for
students of that
age
9. Contained
little discussion
on how to
involve the
entire school in
the event
9. Technology
infusion was

29

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

discussion on
how to involve
the entire
school in the
event

5 x 6=30 points

not used.

9. Technology
infusion was
used but it did
not enhance the
proposal
Conclusion

10 Points

Conclusion

Major issues
support and
establish
conclusions.

ITASC 1c,k; 5k;

9f; 10h
NAEYC 6b
NETS-T 3a,d;
4a,c

The major
issues are
summarized
under
conclusions.

The
conclusions are
not complete.

Provides
opinions, but
not a summary
of findings.

No conclusions
are included.

Detailed draft
of ALL
sections with
some errors
in content
covered,
headings,
writing style
and/or
refernces in
APA 6.0
style.

Detailed draft
of MOST
sections with
some errors in
content
covered,
headings,
writing style
and/or
refernces in
APA 6.0 style.

Missing
sections or
paper has
regular errors
across content
covered,
headings,
writing style
and/or
refernces in
APA 6.0 style.

Incomplete
(missing half of
the
requirements)
or completely
missing paper.

5 x 2=10 points

CEC EC2S1;
CC7K1;
EC7K1;CC9K4;
CC9S8
Writing and
Referencing
Style
First Draft of all
sections
submitted with
changes made
integrating
instructor
comments from
the outline

10 Points

Detailed draft of
all sections of
the paper with
appropriate
content, headers,
writing style, a
choice of
technology to
embed the
assignment and
references in
APA 6.0 style.

30

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

Integration of
instructor
comments from
first draft

All comments
from instructor
integrated into
final version. All
were highlighted
in yellow

Most
comments
from
instructor
integrated
into final
version. All
were
highlighted
in yellow

Some
comments from
instructor
integrated into
final version.
Most were
highlighted in
yellow

Very few
comments from
instructor
integrated into
final version.
Most were
highlighted in
yellow

No comments
from instructor
integrated into
final version.
The changes
were not
highlighted

Writing and
referencing style

1. Cover page
included, proper
spelling and
grammar, all
references in
APA 6.0 style.
Paper was
appropriate
length (at least 5
pages)

1. Cover
page
included, few
grammatical
errors and
misspellings,
all references
in APA 6.0
style.

1. Cover page
included, some
grammatical
errors and
misspellings,
some errors in
referencing
style APA 6.0.

1. Cover page
not included,
many
grammatical
errors and
misspellings,
some errors in
referencing
style APA 6.0.

1. Cover page
not included,
major
grammatical
errors and
misspellings,
many errors in
referencing
style APA 6.0.

2. Paper was
too short for
the topic (1-2
pages)

2. Paper was
too short for
the topic (1-2
pages)

2. The file
document name
contains
Lastname.firstna
me.assignment#.
course#

3. This rubric
was added to the
last page of the
document
submitted

4. All sentences
are clear and
well developed

2. Paper was
appropriate
length (at
least 5 pages)

2. Paper was
too short for
the topic (3-4
pages)

3. The file
name
somewhat
contains the
Lastname.firstn
ame.assignmen
t#.course#

4. This rubric
was added but
not at the end
of the
document
submitted

3. The file
document name
does not
contain the
Lastname.firstn
ame.assignmen
t#.course#

4. This rubric
was not added
to the
document
submitted

31

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PYRAMID

5. Proposals and
events are
appropriate
length with
standard
margins, font,
and size of text

5. Most
sentences are
clear and well
developed
6. Proposals
and events are
mostly
appropriate
length with
standard
margins, font,
and size of text

5. Many
sentences are
not clear and
underdeveloped
6. Proposals
and events are
not of
appropriate
length with
larger than
standard
margins, font
and size of text