Running head: CAP REPORT

Community as Partner Team Report

Rayna A. McParlane, Mary T. Sepulveda, Lauren A. Griffin, & Heather M. Weaver
University of Arizona

Community as Partner Team Report

Community Analysis and Nursing Diagnosis
Community Assessment by Subsystems and Core
In census tract 24, Tucson, AZ the boundaries include north 40th street, south Irvington
road, east train tacks, and west 16th avenue. Within this census tract 87.7% of the population
identifies themselves as Hispanic or Latino. This is a significantly higher than the percentage

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when compared to the rest of Pima county where only 35.9% identify as Hispanic or Latino.
People between the ages of 20-44 make up a large portion of the population at 32%, which is
comparable to Pima County at 32.5%. Conversely, 32.1% of the population speak Spanish, and
speak English less than very well; this percentage more than quadruples the 6.9% of those in
Pima County. In this tract, single-family homes make up 73% of housing units, which is greater
than the 59.2% that makes up Pima County. Most of these houses, 56.2%, were built in 1959 or
earlier which is significantly higher than Pima Countys statistic of 14.3%. During the
windshield survey, it was estimated that only 10-15% of the houses were well maintained, and
there were five vacant lots that had a significant amount of trash. There were several clinics
within the census tract, but the Veterans Affairs (VA) was the only hospital within the census
tract. Long-term care, urgent care, integrative care, and mental health service facilities were all
outside of the census tract, but within a few miles. Only 56.3% of the population has a high
school diploma or equivalent, and an astounding 23.8% have an education of less than 9 grade.
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These numbers are significantly lower than those of Pima County, which are 87.2% and 5.3%
respectively. There is one park within the census tract, however it is very run down and poorly
maintained. There is a well-maintained park, Rudy Garcia Park, fully equipped with swings,
multiple baseball fields and basketball courts, and multiple playgrounds just south of the census
tract. There is also a neighborhood recreation center that offers after school programs, gym
equipment, and an indoor basketball court south of the census tract that is grossly underutilized
by the community ((Key Informant #6, personal communication, September 11, 2015). Most of
the streets have potholes and gravel, and there were few signs of recent street repair or
maintenance when observed through the windshield survey. Many of the street signs were bent
with the names worn off, making navigation difficult. There were multiple covered bus stops

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throughout the tract. The percentage of all people living in poverty in this census tract is 42.3%
with a median household income of only $24,042. This is drastically different than Pima County,
which has a 19.2% poverty level, and a median household income of $45,841. In addition, 22.9%
of households have single female householders with families and no husband present, which is
much higher than the 12.7% in Pima County. Census tract 24 is located within the Tucson city
limits and consists of three neighborhoods, Sunset Villa, Wakefield, and Fairgrounds, however
the names are not publically displayed. The tract falls under Arizona legislative District Two, and
is represented by Senator Andrea Dalessandro and Representatives John Christopher Ackerley
and Rosanna Gabaldon. At the national level, this community is represented by Senator Raul
Grijalva and is considered to be within District Three. The windshield survey revealed few signs
of political activity throughout the census tract, and key informant #5 indicated that the
community often chose not to vote (Appendix). However, we did observe multiple signs
promoting the Stand with Rosa movement. This movement is about a woman who was
detained in 2010 after being pulled over for a routine traffic violation, she then moved into the
church to prevent deportation (Shaheed, 2015). The majority of billboards within this community
advertised fast food corporations or wireless communication companies; these billboards were
all written in Spanish. A majority of the signage and business names were also in Spanish.
Newspaper stands were not present, although the Daily Star Newspaper headquarters is nearby.
(Pima County Health Department Public Health Nursing Community Assessment CT 002400,
2015)
Identified Strengths. An overwhelming number of key informants from the community
stated that the biggest strength within this area is the strong sense of family and communityconnection. Families are truly there to support each other, even if it means making great

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sacrifices. One informant gave an example of eight people living together in one trailer to
prevent homelessness within their family (Key Informant #5, personal communication,
September 11, 2015). The recreation assistant discussed how he often sees members of the
community come into the recreation center purely to socialize with one another (Key Informant
#6, personal communication, September 11, 2015). During the community assessment, multiple
Catholic churches were identified. The Catholic faith is of great importance to the Hispanic
community, which is the predominant race of this census tract. The Latino culture values faith
immensely and uses faith as a way to navigate through lifes struggles; the key informant from
St. Johns Church described religion as the central part of this community (Key Informant #9,
personal communication, September 11, 2015). A third strength of this community is the
availability of resources. Within the census tract, there are a number of health and social services
from clinics and pharmacies to mental health and social service offices. The El Pueblo
Neighborhood Center provides the community with recreation centers, libraries, adult education
services, and a health center, called El Rio Health Center. Unfortunately, not all community
members are aware of these facilities and the resources these programs can provide (Key
Informant #6, personal communication, September 11, 2015) (Pima County Health Department
Public Health Nursing Community Assessment CT 0024, 2015).
Identified Critical Stressors. The first weakness of the community is the lack of
accessible transportation, another barrier that prevents community members from utilizing the
resources that are available. Due to recent funding cuts students no longer have free
transportation to the recreation center after school (Key Informant #6, personal communication,
September 11, 2015). Although the Sun Tran bus system has locations within the census tract, the
stops are not close enough to the community resources and health services forcing individuals to

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walk long distances (Key Informant #8, personal communication, September 11, 2015). The two
biggest weaknesses of the community, however, are poverty and a lack of education. According
to community members, this cycle begins when low-income families require financial
contribution from their children. This financial need requires many students to drop out of school
in order to find a job that allows them to contribute money to their families. The statistical data
from this community clearly supports this observation; 23.8% of individuals living within this
census tract have a less than 9th grade education level. Individuals who do not receive a high
school degree have a more difficult time finding careers and jobs that pay well, thus creating a
working poor community (Key Informant #5, personal communication, September 11, 2015).
Other factors such as teen pregnancy, drug use, gang involvement, and a lack of positive
examples exacerbate both of these issues (Key Informant #5, personal communication,
September 11, 2015) (Pima County Health Department Public Health Nursing Community
Assessment CT 0024, 2015).
Nursing Diagnosis
High prevalence of non-high school graduates within census tract 24 related to
generational poverty, cultural emphasis on familial financial contribution, and lack of parental
involvement as evidenced by the 56.3% high school graduation rate in comparison to the 87.2%
graduation rate in Pima County.
Planning, Intervention, & Evaluation Methods
Good Goal
Because the main indicator of health is income and the main indicator of income is
education, the goal is to increase high school graduation rates among students within the census

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tract population through the involvement of both the students and their parents in an event that
promotes college awareness and attainment of opportunities.
Proposed Intervention
The proposed intervention involves the creation and presentation of a college fair for the
El Pueblo High School students and their families. The college fair will be located at the El
Pueblo High School gymnasium on Friday the 21st and Saturday the 22nd in October 2016. This
event will involve various Tucson higher education facilities including the University of Arizona,
Pima Community College, Pima Medical Institute, and ITT technical institute. These
organizations will provide information about their facilities including the application process,
financial aid/scholarship opportunities, and career/degree options with the students and their
families. This intervention will promote the importance of high school graduation in relation to
receiving higher education and better career opportunities. The critical focus of this intervention
is to create a family centered approach to educating students on the importance of receiving a
high school diploma and the benefits of higher education. This particular high school was chosen
because this facility serves the majority of all high school students within the census tract.
Related Healthy People 2020 Support
The most applicable Overarching Goal is to achieve health equity, eliminate disparities,
and improve the health of all groups (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014).
The most applicable Topic Area is Education and Community-Based Programs and the Topic
Area Goal is to increase the quality, availability, and effectiveness of educational and
community-based programs designed to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance
quality of life (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). The HP2020
objective number is ECBP-3.6, the objective short title is not applicable, and the related full

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objective is to increase the proportion of elementary, middle, and senior high schools that have
health education goals or objectives which address using goal-setting and decision making skills
to enhance health skills (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014).
Three Program Activities

The student nurse will ask El Pueblo High School for permission to conduct the College
Family Fair event by January 10th, 2016.

The student nurse will recruit members from the University of Arizona, Pima Community
College, Pima Medical Institute, and ITT technical institute to be apart of this college fair.
The student nurse will send out invitations to these institutions requesting their
participation. Specifically for the University of Arizona we will recruit representatives
from the financial aid/scholarship office and admission office to speak to the students
about the college and resources needed to apply. We will also request representatives
from University of Arizona campus outreach programs such as NewStart and AZ
Assurance. This activity will be completed by March 1st, 2016.

The student nurse will create flyers informing the students and their families about the
event by September 1st, 2016. This information will include when the event takes place,
where it will be located, what schools will be attending the event, and what information
they can plan on receiving during this college fair (Appendix). These flyers will also be
distributed to local Tucson news stations and posted on Facebook to further advertise the
event. All flyers will be printed in both English and Spanish to ensure full understanding.

Level of Prevention

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The College Family Fair promotes the importance of high school graduation in order to
receive higher education and better career opportunities. In census tract 24, the high school
graduation rate is 56.3% in comparison to the 87.2% graduation rate in Pima County. Secondary
prevention is aimed at early detection to prevent further damage (McFarlane & Gilroy, 2015).
This is an example of secondary prevention because the targeted issue is the low high school
graduation rate within the census tract and the accompanying intervention is geared towards
educating the community members on the importance of graduating high school in order achieve
higher education opportunities. Ideally, the knowledge acquired from this event will motivate
students to complete high school and strive for further education while inspiring families to
become more supportive. This event will hopefully lead to an increase high school graduation
rates and prevent the cyclic nature of poverty within the community.
Evidence Based Article
The purpose of this study is to determine the potential factors that influence post-high
school decisions, specifically the types of higher education Latino high school students choose
(Gonzalez, 2012). This longitudinal study utilized a student questionnaire from a school-based
sample of 685 male and female Latino students in the tenth grade in an unspecified high school
setting (Gonzalez, 2012). The most significant variables that influence enrollment into higher
education include the students expectations for highest educational attainment and the parental
involvement in the transition from high school to college (Gonzalez, 2012). The intervention
includes a College Family Fair that promotes parental involvement and addresses the students
expectations of attaining higher education. This is achieved through the use of informational
booths, higher education recruiters and representatives, and insight on college financial planning.
Level of Evidence

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The methodology of the study was a high school student questionnaire survey. According
to the Levels of Evidence, the strength of the evidence is Level VI, which pertains to evidence
from a single descriptive or qualitative study (Goldsmith, 2015).
SMART Objectives
The number of El Pueblo High School students who have a desire to attend college will
increase by 15% after they complete the College Family Fair event on October 22, 2016. Parents
who attend the College Family Fair will feel more aware of the importance of higher education
and the resources available to attend these programs by 15% after completing the event on
October 22, 2016. These objectives will be assessed through survey evaluations.
Resources and Constraints
Resources needed to conduct this event include an available location space, paper for the
flyers, and tables for each school to create their individual information stations. We also need to
provide beverages and snacks, which can include water, lemonade, granola bars, and crackers
packs. All representatives must be knowledgeable about their schools policies on financial aid,
testing requirements, cost of their programs, and scholarships available for these particular
students. Resources must be tailored to the community; 75.3% of this community population is
Spanish speaking only. All materials must be presented in both English and Spanish and it is
preferred that all representatives be bilingual. Lastly, all stations should include decorations that
promote their institution in an appealing and exciting manner (Pima County Health Department
Public Health Nursing Community Assessment CT 0024, 2015).
Some constraints include scheduling issues with parents and/or guardians. The goal of
this event is to involve students and their families in order to promote a healthier outlook on high
school graduation and higher education; without the involvement of the families the goal cannot

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be met. Another constraint includes the availability of El Pueblo High School for this extensive
event and whether or not the other institutions can be apart of this College fair.
Summarization of Observation of Intervention
The college family fair was held at the El Pueblo gymnasium on October 21st and 22nd in
2016. The event had the full support of El Pueblo High school who helped immensely with the
advertising the fair to both the students and their parents. Fortunately all the facilities that were
offered an invitation to the event were available to promote their institution. The diversity among
each institution truly made the event more successful because it offered variety to all types of
interests. The surveys revealed that many of students enjoyed the experience because it made
college seem like a realistic option for their future. One parent of the community stated, I
always wanted to send my son to college but we just couldn't afford by ourselves but now I know
there our people out there that can help us so he can have better life (El Pueblo High School
parent, personal communication, October 22, 2016). In addition, the nursing students discovered
that the parent population quadrupled on Saturday because it was simply easier for their work
schedules. Lastly, the bilingual representatives and informational materials were extremely
beneficial because the majority of the parents who attended the event were strictly Spanish
speaking individuals.
Evaluation
The success of the intervention for the students will be assessed using a formative
evaluation. A formative evaluation looks at information from before and after the implementation
of a program with the purpose of comparison in order to further improve the program for future
use (Anderson & McFarlane, 2015). Prior to the intervention, students will be surveyed on their
desire and preparedness for college (Appendix). After participating in the intervention program,

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students will again be surveyed to evaluate whether there is any change in those two factors.
Students will be required to fill out the survey in order to determine whether it has been effective
enough to reproduce the fair a second time. Summative evaluation will be used to determine the
success of the intervention from the parents point of view (Appendix). Summative evaluations
focus on assessing the effectiveness of a program based on the outcome (Anderson & McFarlane,
2015). To do this, surveys would be put out near the exit of the fair so that parents can fill them
out.
Lauren Griffin will be responsible for writing the surveys by October 1, 2015. Rayna
McParlane will be responsible for making and distributing copies of all surveys prior to and after
the event, on October 21, 22, and 24, 2016. Heather Weaver will collect surveys from the
students and parents on the previous dates listed and compile the data by October 26, 2016. All
four student nurses will meet with the principal of El Pueblo High School on October 26th to
review the data and discuss. Mary Sepulveda will then be responsible for sending that
information and the notes from the discussion to all organizations and representatives who
participated in the fair. We will have found that close to 80% of all parents who participated in
the survey activity discovered the event was informative and that they will encourage their child
to seek higher education after completing high school.
References
Anderson, E. T., & McFarlane, J. (2015). Evaluating a community health program. In E.
Anderson, & J. McFarlane (Eds.), Community as partner: Theory and practice in nursing
(pp. 261-277). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Goldsmith, P. N. (2015). Evidence-based population health nursing practice [PowerPoint slides].
Retrieved from https://d2l.arizona.edu/d2l/home/414407
Gonzalez, L. M. (2012). College level choice of latino high school students: A

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social cognitive approach. Journal of multicultural counseling and development, 40(3),

144-155.
McFarlane, J., & Gilroy, H. (2015). Epidemiology, demography, and community health. In E. T.
Anderson, & J. McFarlane (Eds.), Community as partner: Theory and practice in nursing
(pp. 29-51). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Pima County. (2015). [Geographic information system]. PimaMaps. Retrieved from
http://webcms.pima.gov/government/geographic_information_systems/gis_maps/pimama
ps.
Shaheed, A. (2015, February 20). Tucson residents start campaign in support of woman who took
sanctuary in church. Fox News Latino. Retrieved
from http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2015/02/20/tucson-residents-startcampaign-in-support-woman-who-took-sanctuary-in-church/
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2020. (2014). Education and
Community-Based Programs. Retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives/topic/educational-and-community-based-programs