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Nilai Cb
Balok dan Kolom Terlentur
IR. THAMRIN NST.
(Semoga bermanfaat)
2015
thamrinnst.wordpress.com
Table 3-1
Load
P
None
Load at midpoint
None
At load points
Loads symmetrically
placed
At load point
Loads at third points
Cb
None
Loads at quater points
At load points
1,32
1,67
1,67
X
1,14
X
1,00
1,67
1,67
X
1,14
X
1,11
1,67
X
1,11
1,67
None
X
1,14
W
At midpoint
X
1,30
1,30
W
At third points
X
1,01
1,45
1,45
At quater
points
X
1,52
X
1,06
1,06
1,52
At fifth points
X
L
A
B
Mmaks
1/8 W L
1/3 L
1/3 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, tanpa bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
Dimana,
R1
MA
MB
MC
Mmaks
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
= R2 = 1/2 W L
= (1/2 W L) x 1/12 L (1/12 W L) x 1/24 L
= 11/288 W L2.
= (1/2 W L) x 2/12 L (2/12 W L) x 1/12 L
= 5/72 W L2.
= (1/2 W L) x 3/12 L (3/12 W L) x 3/24 L
= 3/32 W L2.
= (1/2 W L) x 4/12 L (4/12 W L) x 2/12 L
= 1/9 W L2.
12,5(1 / 9W L2 )
2,5(1 / 9W L2 ) 3(11 / 288W L2 ) 4(5 / 72W L2 ) 3(3 / 32W L2 )
Cb 1,460
Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 2 (dua)
buah ditengah-tengah bentang.
W
1
X
L
2
1/8 W L
Mmaks
1/3 L
1/3 L
1/12 L 1/12 L 1/12 L 1/12 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, tanpa bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
Dimana,
R1
MA
MB
MC
Mmaks
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
= R2 = 1/2 W L
= (1/2 W L) x 5/12 L (5/12 W L) x 5/24 L = 35/288 W L2.
= 1/8 W L2.
= MA = 35/288 W L2.
= 1/8 W L2.
12,5(1 / 8W L2 )
Cb
2,5(1 / 8W L2 ) 3(35 / 288W L2 ) 4(1 / 8W L2 ) 3(35 / 288W L2 )
Cb 1,014
M1
M2
A
C
Mmaks
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/8 W L
1/4 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, tanpa bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
R1
MA
M2
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
= (1/2 W L) x 1/4 L (1/4 W L) x 1/8 L (3/4 M1 + 1/4 M2)
= 3/32 W L2 (3/4 M1 + 1/4 M2).
MB
= 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2)
MC
= 3/32 W L2 (1/4 M1 + 3/4 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 3 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = MB = 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2), atau
Mmaks = M1, atau
Mmaks = M2
Kejadian khusus,
M1
= M2 = 1/12 W L2
Maka,
MA
= MC = 3/32 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 1/96 W L2
MB
= 1/8 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 1/24 W L2
Mmaks = 1/12 W L2
12,5(1 / 12W L2 )
Cb
2,5(1 / 12W L2 ) 3(1 / 96W L2 ) 4(1 / 24W L2 ) 3(1 / 96W L2 )
Cb 2,381
2). Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) ditengah-tengah
bentang.
W
1
X
L
M1
M2
A
Mmaks
Mmaks
1/8 L
1/8 L
1/8 L
1/8 W L
1/8 L
1/2 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, dengan satu bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 1/8 L (1/8 W L) x 1/16 L (7/8 M1 + 1/8 M2)
= 7/128 W L2 (7/8 M1 + 1/8 M2).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 1/4 L (1/4 W L) x 1/8 L (3/4 M1 + 1/4 M2)
= 3/32 W L2 (3/4 M1 + 1/4 M2).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 3/8 L (3/8 W L) x 3/16 L (5/8 M1 + 3/8 M2)
= 15/128 W L2 (5/8 M1 + 3/8 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 2 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2), atau
Mmaks = M1.
Tinjauan disebelah kanan :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 1/8 L (1/8 W L) x 1/16 L (7/8 M2 + 1/8 M1)
= 7/128 W L2 (7/8 M2 + 1/8 M1).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 1/4 L (1/4 W L) x 1/8 L (3/4 M2 + 1/4 M1)
= 3/32 W L2 (3/4 M2 + 1/4 M1).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 3/8 L (3/8 W L) x 3/16 L (5/8 M2 + 3/8 M1)
= 15/128 W L2 (5/8 M2 + 3/8 M1)
Momen Mmaks ada 2 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2), atau
Mmaks = M2.
Kejadian khusus,
M1
= M2 = 1/12 W L2 (hanya akibat beban terbagi rata penuh bentang)
Maka,
MA
= 7/128 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 11/384 W L2
MB
= 3/32 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 1/96 W L2
MC
= 15/128 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 13/384 W L2
Mmaks = M1 = M2 = 1/12 W L2
12,5(1/ 12W L2 )
Cb
2,5(1/ 12W L2 ) 3(11/ 384W L2 ) 4(1/ 96W L2 ) 3(13 / 384W L2 )
Cb 2,381
3a). Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 2 (dua)
buah ditengah-tengah bentang.
W
1
X
L
M1
Mmaks
M2
A
C
2
1/8 W L
1/3 L
1/3 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, dengan dua bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 1/12 L (1/12 W L) x 1/24 L (11/12 M1 + 1/12 M2)
= 11/288 W L2 (11/12 M1 + 1/12 M2).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 2/12 L (2/12 W L) x 1/12 L (10/12 M1 + 2/12 M2)
= 5/72 W L2 (10/12 M1 + 2/12 M2).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 3/12 L (3/12 W L) x 3/24 L (9/12 M1 + 3/12 M2)
= 3/32 W L2 (9/12 M1 + 3/12 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 1 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = M1
12,5(1/ 12W L2 )
Cb
2,5(1/ 12W L2 ) 3(13 / 288W L2 ) 4(1/ 72W L2 ) 3(1/ 96W L2 )
Cb 2,419
3b). Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 2 (dua)
buah ditengah-tengah bentang.
W
1
X
L
M1
M2
1/3 L
B
C 1/8 W L2
Mmaks
1/3 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, dengan dua bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
R1
MA
M2
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
= (1/2 W L) x 5/12 L (5/12 W L) x 5/24 L (7/12 M1 + 5/12 M2)
= 35/288 W L2 (7/12 M1 + 5/12 M2).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 6/12 L (6/12 W L) x 3/12 L (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2)
= 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 7/12 L (7/12 W L) x 7/24 L (5/12 M1 + 7/12 M2)
= 35/288 W L2 (5/12 M1 + 7/12 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 1 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = MB
Kejadian khusus,
M1
= M2 = 1/12 W L2 (hanya akibat beban terbagi rata penuh bentang)
Maka,
MA
= 35/288 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 11/288 W L2
MB
= 1/8 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 1/24 W L2
MC
= 35/288 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 11/288 W L2
Mmaks = MB = 1/24 W L2
Cb
12,5(1 / 24W L2 )
2,5(1 / 24W L2 ) 3(11 / 288W L2 ) 4(1 / 24W L2 ) 3(11 / 288W L2 )
Cb 1,042
4a). Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 3 (tiga)
buah ditengah-tengah bentang.
W
1
X
L
M1
Mmaks
M2
A
C
2
1/8 W L
1/16 L
1/16 L
1/16 L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, dengan tiga bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 1/16 L (1/16 W L) x 1/32 L (15/16 M1 + 1/16 M2)
= 15/512 W L2 (15/16 M1 + 1/16 M2).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 2/16 L (2/16 W L) x 1/16 L (14/16 M1 + 2/16 M2)
= 7/128 W L2 (14/16 M1 + 2/16 M2).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 3/16 L (3/16 W L) x 3/32 L (13/16 M1 + 3/16 M2)
= 39/512 W L2 (13/16 M1 + 3/16 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 1 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = M1
Tinjauan disebelah kanan :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 1/16 L (1/16 W L) x 1/32 L (15/16 M2+ 1/16 M1)
= 39/512 W L2 (15/16 M2 + 1/16 M1).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 2/16 L (2/16 W L) x 1/16 L (14/16 M2 + 2/16 M1)
= 7/128 W L2 (14/16 M2 + 2/16 M1).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 3/16 L (3/16 W L) x 3/32 L (13/16 M2 + 3/16 M1)
= 39/512 W L2 (13/16 M2 + 3/16 M1)
Momen Mmaks ada 1 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = M2
Kejadian khusus,
M1
= M2 = 1/12 W L2 (hanya akibat beban terbagi rata penuh bentang)
Maka,
MA
= 39/512 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 3/419 W L2
MB
= 7/128 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 11/384 W L2
MC
= 39/512 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 3/419 W L2
Mmaks = M1 = 1/12 W L2
Cb
12,5(1 / 12W L2 )
2,5(1 / 12W L2 ) 3(3 / 419W L2 ) 4(11 / 384W L2 ) 3(3 / 419W L2 )
Cb 2,847
4b). Muatan terbagi rata penuh, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 3 (tiga)
buah ditengah-tengah bentang.
W
1
X
L
M1
M2
A
1/16 L
C Mmaks
1/16 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
1/8 W L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terbagi rata, dengan tiga bracing ditengah bentang.
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 1/2 W L (hanya akibat muatan terbagi rata).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 5/16 L (5/16 W L) x 5/32 L (11/16 M1 + 5/16 M2)
= 55/512 W L2 (11/16 M1 + 5/16 M2).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 6/16 L (6/16 W L) x 3/16 L (10/16 M1 + 6/16 M2)
= 15/128 W L2 (10/16 M1 + 6/16 M2).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 7/16 L (7/16 W L) x 7/32 L (9/16 M1 + 7/16 M2)
= 63/512 W L2 (9/16 M1 + 7/16 M2).
Momen Mmaks ada 1 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = 1/8 W L2 (1/2 M1 + 1/2 M2)
Tinjauan disebelah kanan :
MA
= (1/2 W L) x 5/16 L (5/16 W L) x 5/32 L (11/16 M2 + 5/16 M1)
= 55/512 W L2 (11/16 M2 + 5/16 M1).
MB
= (1/2 W L) x 6/16 L (6/16 W L) x 3/16 L (10/16 M2 + 6/16 M1)
= 15/128 W L2 (10/16 M2 + 6/16 M1).
MC
= (1/2 W L) x 7/16 L (7/16 W L) x 7/32 L (9/16 M2 + 7/16 M1)
= 63/512 W L2 (9/16 M2 + 7/16 M1).
Kejadian khusus,
M1
= M2 = 1/12 W L2 (hanya akibat beban terbagi rata penuh bentang)
Maka,
MA
= 55/512 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 2/83 W L2
MB
= 15/128 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 13/384 W L2
MC
= 63/512 W L2 1/12 W L2 = 11/277 W L2
Mmaks = M1 = 1/12 W L2
10
Cb
12,5(1 / 12W L2 )
2,5(1 / 12W L2 ) 3(2 / 83W L2 ) 4(13 / 384W L2 ) 3(11 / 277W L2 )
Cb 1,946
4c). Muatan terpusat, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 3 (tiga) buah
ditengah-tengah bentang.
P
1
P
2
X
L
M1
M2
Mmaks
1/2 P L
B
C
1/16 L
1/16 L
1/16 L
3/16 P L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 3/2 P (hanya akibat muatan terpusat P).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (3/2 P) x 1/16 L (15/16 M1 + 1/16 M2)
= 3/32 P L (15/16 M1 + 1/16 M2).
MB
= (3/2 P) x 2/16 L (14/16 M1 + 2/16 M2)
= 6/32 P L (14/16 M1 + 2/16 M2).
MC
= (3/2 P) x 3/16 L (13/16 M1 + 3/16 M2)
= 9/32 P L (13/16 M1 + 3/16 M2)
Momen Mmaks ada 2 kemungkinan, yaitu :
Mmaks = M1, atau
Mmaks = (3/2 P) x 4/16 L (12/16 M1 + 4/16 M2)
Tinjauan disebelah kanan :
MA
= (3/2 P) x 1/16 L (15/16 M2 + 1/16 M1)
= 3/32 P L (15/16 M2 + 1/16 M1).
MB
= (3/2 P) x 2/16 L (14/16 M2 + 2/16 M1)
= 6/32 P L (14/16 M2 + 2/16 M1).
MC
= (3/2 P) x 3/16 L (13/16 M2 + 3/16 M1)
11
12,5(5 / 16 P L)
2,5(5 / 16 P L) 3(7 / 32 P L) 4(4 / 32 P L) 3(1 / 32 P L)
Cb 1,923
4d). Muatan terpusat, dengan pengaku lateral (lateral bracing) sebanyak 3 (tiga) buah
ditengah-tengah bentang.
P
1
P
2
X
L
M1
M2
1/16 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
1/2 P L
3/16 P L
Mmaks
1/16 L
1/4 L
1/4 L
1/16 L
Gambar : Balok memikul beban terpusat, dengan tiga bracing ditengah bentang.
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Dimana,
M1
M2
R1
= R2 = 3/2 P (hanya akibat muatan terpusat P).
Tinjauan disebelah kiri :
MA
= (3/2 P) x 5/16 L (11/16 M1 + 5/16 M2)
= 15/32 P L (11/16 M1 + 5/16 M2).
MB
= (3/2 P) x 6/16 L (10/16 M1 + 6/16 M2)
12
12,5(3 / 16 P L)
2,5(3 / 16 P L) 3(5 / 32 P L) 4(8 / 32 P L) 3(11 / 32 P L)
Cb 0,789
13
M1
1/4H
1/4H
ha
1/4H
1/4H
H
1/4H
1/4H
hb
1/4H
1/4H
M2
2
2
(a)
(b)
Cb
2,5M max
12,5M max
3M A 4M B 3M C
Gambar (a) :
Dengan perbandingan garis pada segitiga, diperoleh
M1 M2
M 1 ha
, atau
ha
hb
M 2 hb
Bila,
M1/M2 = 1 ,
Maka,
M1 = M2 = M, dan
ha = hb = 1/2H
MA
= 1/2 M
MB
=0
MC
= 1/2 M
Momen Mmaks = M
Cb
12,5( M )
2,5( M ) 3(1 / 2M ) 4(0) 3(1 / 2M )
Cb 2,273
14
Bila,
0,75 M2
MA
M1 = 0,75 M2
MB
MA
= 1,25/3 x (0,75 M2) = 0,3125 M2
MB
= 0,5/4 x (M2)
= 0,1250 M2
MC
= 2,25/4 x (M2)
= 0,5625 M2
Momen Mmaks = M2
Cb
MC
M2
12,5( M 2)
2,5( M 2) 3(0,3125M 2) 4(0,1250M 2) 3(0,5625M 2)
Cb 2,222
Selanjutnya lihat tabel berikut,
Sumber : Charles G. Salmon, Steel Structures Design and Behavior, 5th Edition, 2009, page 429.
Gambar (b) :
MA
= 3/4 M
MB
= 1/2 M
MC
= 1/4 M
Momen Mmaks = M
Cb
12,5( M )
2,5( M ) 3(3 / 4M ) 4(1/ 2M ) 3(1/ 4M )
Cb 1,667
15