Applications of Definite Integration Solutions

14 Applications of Definite Integration
14
Applications of Definite
Integration
Quick Practice 14.4 (p. 14.7)

Area
Area
4 52
3
0
(3 y 2 y ) dy
4 52
136 104
Area
x4
x3 2x 2
4
1 dy
y
2
5

Area
1) dx
1 4

x x
4
22
x4
x3 2x 2
4
(x
2 ln y y 2
Area
Quick Practice
( x 3 3 x 2 4 x) dx
( x 3 3 x 2 4 x) dx
3 2 ln
32
35
1
(3 y 2 y ) dy 52 4
2
x4
x3 2x 2
4
Area
3
208 72
136
(b)
Discussion 14.1 (p. 14.8)

(a)
When y = 4, x = 3(4)2 + 4 = 52.
( x 3 3 x 2 4 x) dx
Discussion
7
4
3
4
(sin y cos y ) dy
sin y cos y
3
4
7
4
3
4
(sin y cos y ) dy
sin y cos y
3
4
0
3 2 1
Area
2
3
sec x tan x dx
sec x
Area
2
3
x ( x 2)( 2 x ) dx
A2
( x
4 x ) dx
2
(2 2 x) (
2
1
2
2 x ) dx
2 2 2
2x x 2
x
3
( 4 x x 3 ) dx
x4
2x 2

(a) Area
x ( x 2)( 2 x ) dx
45
( x 3 5 x 2 4 x ) dx
x4
5
x3 2x 2
4
3
x4

2x2
4
A =

(a)
(b)
[( x 3 6 x 2 10 x 4) ( x 2 6 x 4)] dx
Area bounded by the curve = 2 A1 8
219
9
4
1
2

1
2
4 2 3
x2
3
2 x ( 2 x ) dx
1
2
NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol.2 Full Solutions
(b) Area
2 y
y2
2
2
1
2
dy
y2
y3
2y
2
3
(sin x sin 2 x ) dx
cos 2 x
cos x
2
Volume
y dx
2
2y 1
0
e2
dy
e 2 y dy
0
1
e2y
2 2
(e 1)
4
16
x7
x 6 dx
2
2
y 2 dx
y dy
2
(sec x 1) dx
Volume
2
y4
y
2
x2
4
Volume
2
2
(y
4
0
[4 x
2 y 3 1) dy
9
56
dx

x3
x
2
12
r
x
r x
dy 2
h 3
2
dx
8
y5
16 y y 3
3
5
8
3

Volume
4
3
[(1 cos 2 x) 2 sin 2 x ] dx
1 2 cos 2 x
1 cos 4 x 1 cos 2 x
dx
2
2
sin 4 x sin 2 x
x sin 2 x
8
4
16 8 y
1
( x 4) 2 ] dx
4
x 2 dy
4 x
x2
1
4x
( x 4) 3
2
12
1 2
r h
3
( 4 x )2

h
y7
128
128
3
16
tan x dx
5
2
2
1
5
x dy
2
4
0
Volume

Volume
ye
2
2y
2
16 x 2
x
16 x
2
3
(sin 2 x sin x ) dx
Volume
e2
16
cos 2 x
cos x
y dx
2
tan x x 03
e2
dy
( y 4) dx
Volume
( x 8 x 16) dx

Volume
y2
2y
2y
ye
ye
Area
y sin x
, we have x
or x = 0 (rejected)
3
y sin 2 x
x 2 dy
e
2
Volume
Solving
y 4 dy
512
15
220
2
3
5 3
16
[(3 y 4 y 2 ) 2 (3 y 4 y 2 ) 2 ] dy 2
12
Volume
2
0
6
x
3
3
2
0
3
2
0
2e
32
x 1 4
x 5

xy dx 2
xy dy 2
1
0
3
2
x sin 2 x

6 cos x 9 x
2
4
3
2
x dx 2
5
2
2 5
y dy 2
y2
5
3
2
9
10
Exercise 14A (p. 14.14)

Level 1
1.
124
5
2.
128
Area
Area

dy
dy
1
e x
(a)
dx x 0
dx
The required equation of tangent is
4.
Area
2
0
(1 2 x x 2 ) dx
( x 3 2) dx
3
x4
2x
4
24
(b) Volume
5.
221
( 2 x 2 5 x ) dx
x3
x x2
10
2 3
x 5x
3
21
y 1 1( x 0)
y 1 x
(3 5 x x 2 ) dx
3
Area 3 x 5 x 2 x
2
3
215
3.
Exercise
1 cos 2 x
6 sin x 9 dx
2
( x 1) x 3 dx
x5
x4
4
5

Volume
4
( x 2 1) dx
3
Area x x
14
e x dx 2
sin x 6 sin x 9 dx
Volume
(sin x 1 4) 2 dx

Volume
4
x3
x2
2
3
65 2
6
4
5 4

3 e
x 5

3
1
0
2 e
3 1 2

x 5
2 3 3
[ xe x x(1 x)] dx

Volume
3
2
2 xe x
dx (Let x 4 y )
3
2
y 4 y 2 dy
1
2
6.
y 1) dx
Area 2
y
3
3
2
Area
8.
Area
(sin x 1) dx x cos x
cos x dx
3
2
Area
10.
Area
23
x dx
64
23 1 2
x
64 2
16
16
25
11.
Area
e
e
12
4
7
2
1
0
[( x 2 5 x 4) ( x 2 4 x 3)] dx
( 2 x 2 9 x 7) dx
2
9 2
x3
x 7 x
3
2
67
6 1 dx
1
2
6x 2x
7
2
1
1
0
( 2 x 2 9 x 7) dx
9
2 3
x x 2 7 x
3
2
25
1
819
,
.
400
20
15. C1 and C2 intersect at

16
Area
(e x 1) dx
x
46 52
98
2
[( x 2 4 x 3) ( x 2 5 x 4)] dx
16
7
2
[(2 x ) x ] dx
1
1
2x x 4 x 2
4
2
32
( cos x ) dx
x 4 5x 3
x2
2 x
12
4
16
43
2
1
x 3 5x 2
4 4 2 2 dx
14. Area
3
2
sin x 02 sin x
9.
5x
x
2 x
12
4
16
x 4 5x 3
x2
2 x
12
4
16
3
2
x 3 5x 2
dx
2
4
4
2
3
2
23
7.
x 3 5x 2
4 4 2 2 dx
1
20
4 x x 2 dx
3
9
x
x 2x 2
3
4
2
2
1
2
( y 3) dy
12. Area 2
( y 3) 2
3
52
1
2
12
1
20
( 2 x x 2 ) dx
x2
x3
2x
2
3
3
0
0
( 2 y 3 5 y 2 5 y 24) dy 36 1
( 2 y 3 5 y 2 5 y 24) dy
16. Area 1 y 4 5 y 3 5 y 2 24 y
2
3
2
13. Area
1
20
279
160
1
2
1
20
1 4
5
5 2
36
y y3
y 24 y
2
3
2
184
17. When y =
222
3
2
,x=
,
4
4
2
Area
3
4
2
2
sin x
2
cos x
x
2
(b) Area
3
4
dx
3
18. Solving y = cos x and y = sin x, we have x
4
Area
3
4
sin x cos x
Area
y 4x
2
4
6
x y 2 4 y
x 6 y 2
Area
2 1
2y

3
125
3
2 y 2 6 y
7 5
:
6 6
7:5
y x 2 2 x
5
6
1
( 2)(2) 2
2
y 2 x x 6 x
3
, we have the points
[(2 x 3 x 2 6 x ) ( x 2 2 x)] dx
Area of purple region
64
2
0
[( x 2 2 x ) ( 2 x 3 x 2 6 x )] dx
x4

4x 2
2
8
0
24. (a) The required equation is
5
5 5
6
6
6
1
1 1
x

2
2 2
5
y 3 x
(b) Consider quadrant I.
1 :1
, we have
[ y 2 ( 2 y ) ( y 2 2 y )] dy
3
8
2
Total area 16 and ratio
y
y

y
4
3
8
3
Area
5
6
sin y
y dy
5
cos y
y2
10
yx
, we have the points (1, 1), (2,
x 2 y
2
22. (a) Solving
5 7
6 6
x4
4x 2
2
(0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 8).
the points (0, 0), (0, 2), (3, 1).
10
3
y ) dy
x y 2 (2 y)
y2
2
2y
y2
2
3
23. (a) Solving
, we have y = 3 or y = 1.
(2 y
(b) Area of yellow region
x y 2 y
(b) Area
, we have y = 4 or y = 6.
The required ratio
Level 2
21. (a) Solving
( 2 x x 2 ) dx
Area of II = 2
[(6 y 2 ) ( y 2 4 y )] dy
(d) Area of II + area of III =
12 y y 2
dy
2
4
y2
y3
6y
4
12
20. Solving
3
4
0
2 x y 12 0
19. Solving
(c) Area
(cos x sin x) dx
x2
x3
2x
2
3
2
2
5
6
By symmetry, the required area 2
4).
223
3 5
2
24
5
12
25. Solving
(sin 2 x cos x ) dx
3
2
The coordinates of C satisfy
3
2
5
6
5
6
(c) Area of region CBE
(cos x sin 2 x) dx
cos 2 x

sin x
2
4
x
3
5
6
cos 2 x

sin x
2
5
6
4 x ln x dx
1
1
e
2e 2 2
1
1
e
ln x d ( x 2 )
x dx 2e 2 2
1
1
e
x dx
27. Area
x
2x 2
1
2
4x
2 x 2 ln x
1
4
x
3
3
2
x2
4
1 3
x
12
dx
1
1
2
(b) The coordinates of B satisfy
x 4y
2
1
4
3x x 2 x 2
2
3
2(3) 4 2
x 3
1
0
( x 2 4 x 7) dx
1 3
x 2 x 2 7 x
3
21
ln 2
2
[( x 2 4 x 7) ( 2 x 2)] dx
1 3
x 3x 2 9 x
3
y x2 2x 2
6 9
[ x ( 6)]
28. (a) The equation of L is
9 ( 6)
x y 3
x y 3
4 x ) dx
Area
1
dx
x
(3 x) (
9
0 2x 2
x 1
y 9
Solving them, we have
1 2
x
2
4x
dy
2x 4
dx
29.
( 4 x x 2 ) dx
3x
Putting y = 0 into it,
2e 2 e 2 1 2e 2 1 e 2
3
e2 2 2
e
4
The tangent at A is y 4 2( x 3)
y 2x 2
y x2 4x 7
dy
dx
2e 2 [ x 2 ] 1e 2e 2 [ x 2 ] 11
3
2
x2
( 4 x ) dx
x 2 d (ln x ) 2 [ x 2 ln x ] 11
x 2 d (ln x )
e
4 x (3 x) dx
1 3 4 3
x x2
3
12
115
( 4 x ln x ) dx
1
e
ln x d ( x 2 ) 2
2 [ x 2 ln x ] 1e 2
26. Area
y 4x
2
Area of region ODB
11
19
3
2
cos 2 x
sin x
2
(sin 2 x cos x ) dx
x y 3
Solving them, we have C (1, 2)
Area
y sin 2 x
5
, we have x =
,
,
6 2
6
y cos x
dy
2x 2
dx
30. (a)
dy
dx
2( 2) 2 2
x 2
The required equation is y ( 2) 2( x 2)

y 2x 6
(b) (i)
B ( 2, 1)
224
Let the equation of the curve C be y = f(x).

f '(6) = 2

2(6) k 2
(c) Solving
y x 10 x 30
2
x5
x dx
x7
x4
x
2
7
Volume
e 2 y dy
(e 2 e 2 )
(16 8 x 2 x 4 ) dx
16 x
8 3
x5
x
3
5
16
7
The required point of intersection is (2, 1).

3
( y 1) dx
(b) Volume
( x 1) 2( x 1)
( x 1) 7
( x 1) 4
x
7
2
(cos 2 x 2 cos x 1) dx
1 cos 2 x
2 cos x 1 dx
13. (a) Solving
6. Volume
3 2
x2
(5 x ) dx 5 x
1 2x
e
2
e 2 x dx
, 1 and
, 1 .
2
2
8
1
(e 2 1)
225
163
14
y 1 cos x
3
, we have x =
,
2
2
y 1
The required points of intersection are

5
1 dx
3 x sin 2 x
2 sin x
4
2
5. Volume
8
3
y 2 dx
( x 1) dx
x2
x
2
y ( x 1) 3
12. (a) Solving
, we have x = 2.
y 1
243
( x 6 2 x 3 1) dx
3. Volume
48 3
2. Volume
4.
x 2 dy
2
203
30
1. Volume
2
11. Volume
Exercise 14B (p.14.36)

Level 1
1 2y
e
2
16
3
y3
2(1 y ) dy 2 y
10. Volume
1 3
x 6 x 2 36 x
3
, we have x = 4.
1 3
x 2 x 2 4 x
3
93
5
9. Volume
( y 4 6 y 2 9) dy
y5
2 y 3 9 y
5
( x 2 x 2) (2 x 6) dx
[ x 10 x 30) (2 x 6)] dx
6
Area
4
8. Volume
C passes through (6, 6)

6 = 62 10(6) + C1
C1 = 30
The equation of C is y = x2 10x + 30.
y x 2 2 x 2
( 2 x 10) dx
x 2 10 x C1
dy
2 x 10
dx
(ii)
7. Volume
k 10
3 5
y dx
y3
5
2
3
(b) Volume
2
3
2
2
3
2
( y 1) dx
2
cos 2 x dx
sin 2 x
x 2
3
2
( x 3) 2 dy
1
1
1
( x 2 6 x 9) dy
1
1
12 3 y 2 6 12 3 y 2 9 dy
21 y y 3
1
1
40 6 3
y 2 sin x
5
,
14. (a) Solving
, we have x =
6 6
y 1
40 24 3
6 3
4 y 2 dy
2 cos 2 2d 2 (Let y 2 sin )
6
0
(1 cos 2 ) d
sin2
40 24 3
2
2 (11 2 3 )
The required points of intersection are
, 1 and
, 1 .
6
6
( y 1) dx
2
5
6
(4 sin x 4 sin x 1) dx
2 x sin 2 x 4 cos x x
5
6
( 2 3 3 )
18. (a)
15. (a) Solving
y 4 x x2
y3
, we have x = 1 or x = 3.
1
3
(b) Volume
( x 4 8 x 3 22 x 2 24 x 9) dx
y2 1
dy
( y 4 2 y 2 1) dy
2y3
y
3
229
30
5
,
.
3 3
The points of intersection are
y 1 cos x
Solving
, we have
1
y
( y 3) 2 dx
x5
22 3
2x 4
x 12 x 2 9 x
2 5
3
y5
(b) Volume
1
5 1
, and
, .
3 2
3 2
The required points of intersection are (1, 3) and

(3, 3).
( x 1) dy
17. Volume
(b)Volume
5
6
5
3
3
5
3
y2
dx
2
1 2 cos x cos x
sin 2 x
5x
2 sin x
4
4
8
15
5 2 7 3

3
4
x2 y 2
1
16. (a) Solving 12
4 , we have y = 1.
x3
Level 2
( 4 y )
3
19. Volume
( y 2) 4 dy
y 4) 3
( y 2) 5
3
5
The points of intersection are (3, 1) and (3, 1).

(b) Volume
226
5
3
72
5
1
dx
4
(2 x ) x dx
Volume
(4 4 x x x ) dx
1
20.
4
x5
x4
4x x3
3
5
4
157
60
2
0
2
0
( 2 x ) 2 dx
1
0
4(1 x ) 2 dx
( 4 4 x x 2 ) dx
x3
4x 2x 2
1
0
( 4 4 x ) dx
4x 2x 2
1
0
21. Volume
3
4
(sin x 1)
(sin x cos x) 2 dx
3
4
25. Solving
(sin 2 x 2 sin x 1
sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x cos 2 x) dx

3
4
3
.
4
1 cos 2 x
2 sin x sin 2 x dx
3
4
cos 2 x
x sin 2 x
2 cos x
2
4
2
Volume
2 2
4 2
22. Volume
(1 sin x 1) (1 sin x 1) dx
(4 4 sin x sin x 4 4 sin x sin
y 2 sin x
for 0 < x < , we have
y 2 cos x
x ) dx
8 cos x 0 16
y 4x
x y2
, we have y = 2 or 1.
1
2
13 3
y
20 y 4 y 2
y
3
5
198
5
dy
1
24. (a)
dx
1 x
1
x 0
The required equation is
y 2 x
y 2 x
(b) Volume
227
2 cos x
2
dx
9
9
3 sin x sin 2 x 3 cos x cos 2 x dx
4
4
(3 sin x 3 cos x cos 2 x) dx

3
4
0
(6 2 7)
2
(2 x 1) ( x 1) dx
4 x 4 x 1 ( x 1) dx
Volume
dy
dx
y2 4x
26. Solving
, we have (x, y) = (0, 0) or (4, 4).
yx
1
2 sin x
2

sin 2 x
3 sin x 3 cos x
2
(2 y 2) (2 y 2) dy
Volume
(36 12 y y 16 8 y y ) dy
3
4
23. Solving
3
4
3
4
(a)
8
( x 1) 3
2x2 x 2 x
3
3
16
(b) Volume
y2
1
4
4
0
4
0
( y 1) 2
dy
( y 1)
y
y
y
3
80
6
208
15
2
0
2
0
2
0
(5 x 2 2
( 2 cos ) 2 d 2
1 cos 2 y
2k sin y k 2 dy
(
3
2 ( 2k 2 1)
3
0
3
3
4 x 2 1) 2 dx
(5 x 2 2
4 x 2 ) dx
sin 2

8 3 16
2
4
2 (15 3 4 )
3
(Let x 2 sin )
2 (9 3 4 )
3
(b) Since the value of x should be equal to or greater than

1 so that the cylinder can be put into the vessel, we
have sin y k 1
b
0
y dy
( y k ) dy
k
y2
29. (a) Volume y

ky
2
2
( 2b k )
2
2
2 2( 2) 2 1
9
sin 2

4
2
(sin 2 y 2k sin y k 2 ) dy
8 3 16
(b) Volume
The minimum capacity
(Let x 2 sin )
(sin y k ) 2 dy
k 1 sin y 2
4 x 2 ) dx
y sin 2 y
2k cos y k 2 y
4
2
4 x 2 1) dx
x3
5x
27. (a) Volume
y
y
1 dy
( y 1)
16
2
(c) Since the value of x should be equal to or less than
5
so that the vessel can be put into the box, we have
2
5
sin y k
2
5
3
k sin y
2
2
3
2
2
The maximum capacity
28. (a) Solving
x2 y 2 4
y 1
(b) (i)
Set b = 6, k = 2.
The required capacity
2
2(6) 2 10 cm3
2
(ii) Set b = h, k = 2.
The required volume
2
2h 2 2 (h 1) by assuming
2
2h6
(iii) (1) The minimum volume in (b)(ii) is 2.
Since 4 > 2, we have
2 ( h 1) 4
h3
11 2
2
(2) Since < 2, the expression for finding the

volume should be
, we have x 3 .
Thus
Volume
228
y dy
h2
we have 2
h 2
h2
2
30. (a) (i)
Solving
x2 y 2 4
y x k
2
, we have
3
(0 2) 2 ( 4 0) cm 3 12 cm 3
4
(ii) Set b = h 2.
The required volume V
3
( h 2 2) 2 ( 4 h 2) cm 3
4
3 2
h (6 h) cm 3
4
y y ( k 4) 0 .
2
Since the two graphs are symmetrical about the

y-axis, there should only be one solution for y.
1 4( k 4) 0
Thus
17
k
4
1
0 , we have
4
(ii) For y y
2
dV
9
and
dt
10
dV
3
dh
12h 3h 2
dt
4
dt
(iii) (1)
1
,x
2
Thus
15
2
The coordinates of A and B are
15
1
15
1
, and
,
2
2
2
2
respectively.
(b) Capacity
1
2
17
9
3
dh
12(1) 3(1) 2
10
4
dt
dh
dt
h 1
1
2
17
4
225
32
dA
dt
1
2
2
y2
1
y
9 y
12
31. (a) Volume
2
1
2
3
cm 2 /min
5
2
1
2
xy dx
3
8 x 2 dx
2 52
2 8
x
5
dy
2.
b
4
9 b

12
3
(b 2) 2 ( 4 b)
4
(b) (i)
9
2
(1 2)
cm 2 min 1
2
15
Exercise 14C (p.14.49)

Level 1
1. Volume
225
27
32
8
Amount of water remaining
117
32
b
h 1
( 4 y 2 ) dy
y3
4y
27
h 1
cm/min
15
y2
( h 2) 2
9 1
x 2 9 1
4
4
dA
9
dh
( h 2)
dt
2
dt
(c) Volume occupied by the sphere

1
(2) Area of water surface A
17
dy
4
y 2 17 y
4
2
1
2
62
5
Volume
3
xy dy
y y
2
2 dy
2
y4
y2
2
4
24
Set b = 0.
The required capacity
229
3.
Volume
xy dy
2 ( y y cos y ) dy
x2
ln x
2
y2
y sin y cos y
2
9.
1
0
4xe x dx
2e 4 [ xe x ]10 4
1
0
2 (e 2)
Volume
2
2
2
6.
3
2
( x x sin x) dx
x dx
27 x 2 26 x) dx
x5
9 4
x 9 x 3 13 x 2
5
4
64
x
2
(x
2
Volume
3
) dy
x 3 4 x 2 4 x ) dx
x
2
(x
2
10 dy
20 [ y ]5
2
xy dy
20
Volume
(b) Volume
230
x ( x 2) 2 dx
x 3 4 x 2 4 x ) dx
4 3
x 2x 2
3
60
12. (a) Volume
Volume
x ( x 2) 2 dx
x4
5x 3
2
2x 2
4
3
45
11. Volume
y4
2 y 3
12
3
2
(9 2 8)
8.
xy dx
1 cos 4 x
dx
2
xy dy
2
(3 y y
7.
3
2
sin 4 x
x
4
xy dx
2
x( x 3)
2
(x 9x
sin 2 2 x dx
x
dx
2
10. Volume
xy dx
x2
2
x cos x sin x
2
e x dx
2e 4e 4 [e x ]10
5.
Volume
2
1
2
(9 ln 3 4)
Volume
9 ln 3
( 2 4)
xy dx
2
x e dx
2 [ x e ]
4.
xy dx
2
x ln x dx
2
16
y dy
4
y2
16
16
1
0
1
0
(y 4
15
y
8y

2
2
3
3
2
y 2) 2 dy
y 4) dy
1
4 y
2
2
2
2
2
y 2 dx
(16 x 2 2 3 ) 2 dx
(16 x 2 4 3 16 x 2 12) dx
x3
28 x
20
3
13. Solving
2
y
6
x
1
2
4
x (6 x x
4
16
(1 cos 2 ) d 8 3
sin 2
16
4 3
3
(b) (i)
( 4 cos ) 2 d
4 2
x 2 dy
0
4 2
[16 ( y 2 3 ) 2 ] dy
42
8 (16 9 3 )
16 cos 2 d 2[ 2 3 x ]02 (Let x 4 sin )
( y 2 3)3
16 y
16 x 2 dx
(ii) Volume
( 16 x 2 2 3 ) dx
16 (11 2 3 )
14. (a) Area

2
) x ( x 4) dx
x4
x3
3
2x 2
2x
2
4
3
45
sin 2
320

64 3
3
4
2
, we have x 1, 4
4 3
(Let x 4 sin )
y x4
Volume
320
4 3
3
Level 2
15. Volume
9
( x 2) y dx
8 3
9
4
2
dx
x
9
1
2 3
x 2 4x 2
3
52
Volume
16. Volume
5
( y 2) x dy
2
[( y 2)( y 6 y 10)] dy
2
( y 8 y 22 y 20) dy
2
y4
8 3
y 11 y 2 20 y
3
4
64
17. Volume
231

1
( x 1) y dx
2
( x 1)(e e
2
1
0
(e x e x ) dx
2 e 2
e
5.
18. Volume
1
0
ye y dy
6.
1
0
y4
2 y3
5y2

6 y
4
3
2
1 2
x 4 x 6 dx
2
0
1 3
x 2 x 2 6 x
6
Area
( y 3 2 y 2 5 y 6) d
32
1 3
x 2 x 2 6 x
6
1 2
x 4 x 6 dx
Area
x( y 1) dy
2
( y e ye ) dy
2 [e y ] 2
2 ye dy 2
2e 2
ye dy
2e 2 [ ye ] 2
e dy
253
12
4 (e e 1 ) 2 [e x e x ]10
( y 3 2 y 2 5 y 6) dy
y4
2 y3
5y2

6 y
4
3
2
) dx
2 [( x 1)(e x e x )]10 2
2e 2e 2 [e y ]10
( x 2)(x 1)( x 1) dx ( x 2)(x 1)( x 1) dx

1
( x 3 2 x 2 x 2) dx
x4
2 3
x2
x
2 x
4
3
2
2 (e 1)
1
2
( x 3 2 x 2 x 2) d
x4
2 3
x2
x
2 x
4
3
2
37
12
7.
Area
Revision Exercise 14 (p. 14.56)

Level 1
1.
Area
4.
8.
Area 5 e 2 x
2
0
5
2k
(e
1)
2
Area
9.
(e x -x 4 ) dx
Area
x5
ex
5 0.6
1.95 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
y
y2
1

dy
6
y2
y3
18
12
125
36
3
2
[( x 2 2) ( x 3 2 x 2)] dx
0
0
[( x 3 2 x 2) ( x 2 2)] dx
10. Area
232
( y 8) 3 2 dy
3( y 8) 3
2 y
4
x4
x3

x2
4
3
Area
Area
0.6
19
35
2
5e 2 x dx
k
( y 8) 3 2 dy
3( y 8) 3
2 y
4
( x 2 4) dx
x3
4 x
3
15
3.
2.
19
x4
x3

x2
4
3
37
12
2
3
2
3
2
5
2
0
[(4 y y 2 ) ( y 2 y )] dy
5
2
[( x 3 6 x 2 12 x 2) ( x 3 2)] dx
.
[( x 3 6 x 2 12 x 2) ( x 3 2)] dx
[ 2 x 3 6 x 2 ] 2a [ 2 x 3 6 x 2 ] 0a
8 2a 3 6a 2 2a 3 6a 2
a 3 3a 2 2 0
5
2
(a 1)(a 2 2a 2) 0
a 1 or a 1 3
(rejected)
16. Volume
12. Area
2
a
(5 y 2 y 2 ) dy
2 3
5 2
y
y
3
2
125
24
(c) Set
8 2
[( y 4) ( y 3 4 y 2 )] dy
y2
y4
4
4y
y3
2
4
3
253
12
13. Area
y2
y4
4
4y
y3
2
4
3
1
y
2
0
dy
y 2 ( y 3) 2 dy
y5
3
y 4 3y3
5
2
32
18. Volume
2
y dx
(1 2 cos x cos
x ) dx
x
sin 2 x
x 2 sin x
2
4
y x3 2
y x 6 x 12 x 2
3
x 2 dy
2 y ( y 2 4)] dy
3
2
y3
(2 y ) 2
4 y
3
3
15. (a) Solving
ln 4
17. Volume
1
dx
x
2 3
y 2 ln y
1
3
14. Area
[ln x ]14
y 2 dx
[( y 3 4 y 2 ) ( y 4)] dy
[( x 3 6 x 2 12 x 2) ( x 3 2)] dx
[( 2 sin x 1) ( 2 cos x 1)] dx
[ 2 x 3 6 x 2 ]02
[ 2 sin x 2 cos x 2 x ]23 [ 2 sin x 2 cos x 2 x ]03
11. Area
[( 2 cos x 1) ( 2 sin x 1)] dx
, we have the
19. Volume
points
(0, 2), (2, 10).
(b) Area
233

2
xy dy
2
(y 2y
2
y4
2 3
3 2
2
y
y
3
2
4
47
( y 2) 2 dx
( x 1) 2( x 1)
1
2
3
x2
4
2 x ( x 1) 2
2
3
1 dx
21. Volume
( x 2)
2e
dx
x
2
4e 8e 4 2e
4e(e 2)
2
2 2( x 2)e
x
2
4
2
4e
x
2
dx
x 4 y 2
x y 2
2
( 4 y
(12 y
1
x y 5
27. Solving
x 1 4y y
(5 ln 5 2 ln 2 3)
[(1 4 y y 2 ) (5 y )]y dy
4
Level 2
( e 2 x e 2 x ) dx
(e 2 x e 2 x )
2
, we have y = 1, 4.
5y3
y4
2 2 y 2
3
4
45
23. Volume
ln 2
Volume
1)
[ y ln y y ]52
12) dy
16
xy dx
[ 4 y 3 12 y ] 11
) 2 ( y 2 2) 2 dy
, we have y 1 .
1
1
2
x ln( x 1) dx
ln y dy (Let y x
22. Volume
2
Volume
cos 2 x dx
26. Solving
( x 2) e 2 e 2
(cos 2 x sin 2 x ) dx
2
2 3
3
sin 2 x
2
x[ x ( x 2) 2 ] dx
25. Volume
x4
5x 3
2
2x2
4
3
45
20. Volume
3 y ) dy
ln 2
28. Solving
9
8
24. Volume
Volume
234
y x 2
y 8x
2
, we have y = 0, 4.
y2
8
y2
y5
320
2
24
dy
(b) (i)
Volume
xy dy
2
(e e ) y dy
2
e dy 2
29. (a) Area
1
0
2( x 1)e x dx
2e x dx
2e
2e x dx
] [ 2e
4( x 1)e 2 x dx
2e 2 x dx
2( x x 2 )e x dx
8e
[ 4e
1
0
1
0
8xe x d x
x
dx
2
(e 2 1)
y dx
0
3
1
4 x2
dx
4 4 sin 2
2 cos d
[ ]03
4e x dx
(b) Volume
1
0
30. (a) Area
y dx
ln x dx
2 xe x dx [ 4 x 2 e x ]10
4e 1 [ 4 xe x ]10
31. (a) Area
x ( y ) dx
x
e 2
(ii) Volume
x2
ln x
2
(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
e y dy
2 2 [ e 2 x ]10
2 [ 2( x 1)e 2 x ]10
Volume
[ 2( x 1) 2 e 2 x ]10
1
0
4( x 1) 2 e 2 x dx
2.72
xy dy
2 x ln x dx
1
0
y 2 dx
(ii) Volume
2
1
0
1
(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(b) (i)
(e 2)
2 [ 2e
0.930
ye y dy
2 ye y
e 2 e y
[ 2( x 1)e x ]12 [ 2( x 1)e x ]10
ey 2
2( x 1)e x dx
[ x ln x x ]1e
235
y 2 dx
1
dx
4 x2
3
0
ln
1
1
dx
x
2
x
x2
x2
ln(7 4 3 )
32. (a)
2y
(ii) From x2 mx + 2m 5 = 0, we have

+=m
= 2m 5
dy
4
dx
dy
dx
A2
1
(1, 2 )
The required equation of the tangent is

y 2 x 1
y x 1
(b) Volume
( x 1)
4
( x 1)
3
4 x dx
2x2
dA2
dm
9
33. (a) (i)
Putting x = , x = into y x2 respectively,

we find that
A (, 2), B (, 2).
Area
1
( )3
6
3
1
[( ) 2 ] 2
6
3
1
[( ) 2 4 ] 2
6
3
1 2
(m 8m 20) 2
6
1
1 3 2
(m 8m 20) 2 ( 2m 8)
6 2
1
1
(m 4)(m 2 8m 20) 2
2
The y-intercept of L 0
k0
5 2m 0
5
m
2
dA
5
2
0
For m
,
2 dm
1
( )( 2 2 )
2
(ii) Area
x 2 dx
x3
3
1
( 3 3 )
3
i.e. A2 is decreasing for m
(iii) A2 A1
A2 attains its minimum at m
5
.
2
The minimum value of A2
3 3
3
1 5

6 2
1
( )( 2 2 )
2
1
( )( 2 2 )
3
1
( )(3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 )
6
1
( )3
6
5
8
20
2
3
2
125
48
dy
1
x
34. (a) dx
dy
1
dx x 1
The equation of the tangent is y x 1.
Area
y
0 e ( y 1) dy
1
yx
Consider
y mx k
2
(b) (i)
5
.
2
We have x2 mx k = 0 where and are its roots.

(2, 5) satisfies L.
5 = 2m + k
k = 5 2m
Putting k = 5 2m into the equation,
we have x2 mx + 2m 5 = 0, where and
are its roots.
236
( y 1) 2
e
5
e
2
(b) (i)
Volume
0 e 2 y ( y 1) 2 dy
1
1 2 y ( y 1) 3
e
3
2
10
y 2 dx
10
2
x2
2 1 dx
10
x3
x
6
472
(3e 2 17)
(d) Volume
10
xy dx
(ii) Volume
0
1
ye y dy 2
x 2 dy
(1 y 2 ) dy
y3
2 y
240
xy dy
(b) Volume
2
x2
1
2
dx
10
3
2
36. Volume
35. (a) Volume
1
2
x2
1
2
2
2
3
456
( y 2 y ) dy
10
y3
y2
2 ye
2
e dy 2
2
0
3
1
4
2e 2 e y 0
3
y[e y ( y 1)] dy
y 1
0
2
2
[( y 1) 2 ( 2 1) 2 ] dx
2
2
16
2
x 4
(32 cos 2 16) d

16 cos 2 d
[8 sin 2 ] 4
2 y dy
2
(1 y 2 )
3
992
3
3
2
16
37. (a) Volume
(c) Volume
237
16
2 2
x 4
dx
(16 cos 4 8 cos 2 ) 2 sec 2 d (Let x 2 tan )
1 y2
3 3
2
3 3
2
49
(5
3 3
2
9 x 2 ) 2 dx
3 3
2
3 3
2
( 25 10 9 x
3 3
147 3
x
34 x
4
3
3 3
2
10
3 3
2
147 3
381 3
10
4
4
9 x ) dx
2
3 3
2
9 x 2 dx
3 3
2
9 cos 2 d
(Let x 3 sin )
117 3
sin 2

90
2
4
2
3 (10 12 3 )
(b) Volume
3 3
2
3 3
25
(4
75 3
y 2 dx
[ x 2 ( ) x ]2 dx
[ x 4 ( ) 2 x 2 2 2
3
x5
2 x
)
2 2 x
5
3
2 x 3 3 ( ) x 4
2
x
( ) x
3
2
[6 x 5 10( ) 2 x 3 30 2 2 x
30
15( ) x 4 30 ( ) x 2 ]
9 x 2 ) 2 dx
3 3
2
75 3
273 3
sin 2

8 9
4
4
4
2
(4 1)3
(3 2)3
6
6
13
3 (16 21 3 )
2
(ii) Volume
(c) No
38. (a) (i)
( )5
30
(b) (i) For y x 2 5 x 4 , we have

3 3 (16 8 9 x 9 x ) dx 1, 4 .
3 3
2
The equation of the image is
2
2
y x 5x 6 .
For this equation,
3 3
3 3
x3 2
2
2
2
,
3
.
25 x
8 3 3 9 x dx
3 3 3
Area
2
3 3
2
2 x 2 2( ) x 3 2 ( ) x] dx
Area
y dx
[ x
( ) x ] dx
x3
x2

( )
x
3
2
(4 1) 5
(3 2) 5
30
30
121
15
39. (a)
( )3
6
1 2
y
2 x
1
Solving
, we have y
.
2
5
x 2 ( y 1) 2
4
Capacity
(ii) Volume
238
1
2
2 y dy
[ y ]
1
2
0
(b) Volume
1
2
5
2
5
2
4 ( y 1) dy 4
5
( y 1) 3
3
4
1
2
1
5
2
dV
dh
dV
2h
and
.
dt
dt
dt
10
(c) (i)
When the vessel is half full,
4
h4
4
( 2) 2
2
10
2 2
dh
dt
2 2
(ii)
2 2
Volume
dh
dt
dh
dt
2
units/s
10
( y 2) 2
2
(16 y ) 8 1
4
dy
h 3
.
3
2
h2
h2
1
unit/s
2
For 4 h 8,
( h 3 12 h 2 64)
3
dV
dh
(3h 2 24h)
dt
3
dt
[8 y 2 2( y 2) 2 ] dy
y3
2
8y
( y 2) 3
3
3
For 0 h 4,V
dV
dh
h 2
dt
dt
1
h
2 4
1
h
2 2
2
h4
64
3
Volume of water = volume of solid
(d) It is known that
( h 3 12h 2 64)
2
(4) 3
3
128
3
2 Volume of water
h 2
40. (a) (i)
h4
Volume of the hemisphere
h
[ y 2 ]0
dh
dt
64
y3
16 y
3
3
2 y dy
(16 y 2 ) dy
(c) Volume of water
h4
(b) Volume of water
5
( 5 2)
12
0
2
( 4) 3
h 4
[ 3(6) 2 24(6)]
dh
dt
dh
dt
h 3
41. (a) (i)
3
(ii) Volume
239
Volume
2
h 6
h 6
1
unit/s
6
y 2 dx
0
h
sin 2h
9
h 4 sin h

4
2
(ii) When x h, y 2 cos h

Area y2
2.
(a) Volume
(4 4 cos h cos 2 h)
(b) (i)
20
(4 4 cos h cos h)
( R 2 y 2 ) dy
d R
d 2 (3R d )
9
36
4
(iii) Volume of oil outside the can
(3) 2 (3 5 3) ( 4) 2 1
3
36 16
20
(iv) By (iii), the volume of oil with depth 3 units is

20. The volume of oil in the can is
36 20 = 16. Thus the depth of oil in the can
is 1 unit, and the levels of oil inside and outside
the can are the same.
Volume of the oil remaining in the can
16
for 2 x 4
4
2
f ( x ) dx
4 dx
4(4 2)
8
Since y = f(x) is a concave function,
4
2 f ( x ) dx
(v) (1)
< Area of the trapezium joining P
dV
5t
dt
2 t 2 144
V 36
and Q
i.e.
(b) (i)
1
f ( x ) dx (4 6)(4 2) 10
2
2
4
5x
2 x 2 144
5
4
t 2 144
1
y
144
t 2 144
144
It is known that x g(y) is a convex function.

By the argument similar to (a),
1
( 2 4)(6 4)
2
5
2 y
36
4
36
8 2 f ( x) dx 10
14
3
(1) 2 (3 5 1)
t 40 hours
f ( x) 4
g ( y ) dy
Remaining volume
14
94
36
3
3
Challenging Questions (p.14.66)

(a)
d R
Volume ( 4) 2
dh
(9 8 cos h 2 cos 2 h 1)
2
dt
dh
constant
dt
20
dh
2
(ii) t
dt
1.
6
4
(ii) Volume of oil in cavity
(4 4 cos h cos 2 h)
20
2
y3
R2 y
dV 9
cos 2h dh
4 cos h
dt
2
dt
2
dV
A
dt 20
(b) (i)
f ( x ) dx
Area of the large rectangle

area of the small rectangle
46 4 2
16
( 4 4 cos x cos 2 x ) dx
x
sin 2 x
4 x 4 sin x
2
4
4
2
66
5
2
t 2 144
The required volume

5
66
t 2 144
2
g ( y) dy 4(6 4)
4
g ( y ) dy 10
4
(2) When V = 16, the leaking stops.
(ii) Referring to the figure,

240
dx
dy
66
5 2
t 144 16
2
t 16
Ax x

A h
Ax 2
Ax 2
h
The time taken is 16 minutes.
The volume of the slice
Inquiry and Investigation (p.14.68)

a
y
1. By properties of similar triangles,

h
x
2.
x .
ax
a2 1
1
a 2 h
3
3.
2ax
x .
The total volume of the pyramid

2
2ax k
lim
x ,
x 0 k 1
h
h
where x , 0 x0 x1 x n 1 x n h
n
n
h
0
h
, 0 x0 x1 xn 1 xn h
n
2ax
4a 2 1 3
x
h 2 3
4
a2h
3
h
0
Ax 2
dx
h2
A 1 3
x
h 2 3
1
Ah
3
dx
3x
h2
where x
Ax
x
h
ax k
lim
x ,
x 0 k 1
h
h
where x , 0 x0 x1 x n 1 x n h
n
h
lim
The total volume of the cone

n
Ax 2
x .
h2
The total volume of the pyramid

2
n
k
,
2
x 0 k 1
ax
Radius of the slice h
ax
dx
h
Further Questions
Let x be the distance between a slice and the vertex of the
tetrahedron, x be the thickness of the slice and Ax be the base
area of the slice. Then by the properties of similar solids,
241

Applications of Definite Integration Solutions

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Applications of Definite Integration Solutions

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14 Applications of Definite Integration

Quick Practice 14.4 (p. 14.7)

Quick Practice 14.6 (p. 14.9)

Quick Practice 14.1 (p. 14.4)

Quick Practice 14.5 (p. 14.8)

Discussion 14.1 (p. 14.8)

Quick Practice 14.7 (p. 14.11)

Quick Practice 14.8 (p. 14.12)

Quick Practice 14.3 (p. 14.6)

Area bounded by the curve = 2 A1 8

NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol.2 Full Solutions

Quick Practice 14.19 (p. 14.32)

[(1 cos 2 x) 2 sin 2 x ] dx

Quick Practice 14.14 (p. 14.25)

Quick Practice 14.13 (p. 14.23)

Quick Practice 14.18 (p. 14.31)

Quick Practice 14.12 (p. 14.22)

Quick Practice 14.11 (p. 14.22)

Quick Practice 14.10 (p. 14.21)

Quick Practice 14.16 (p. 14.29)

Quick Practice 14.9 (p. 14.14)

Quick Practice 14.15 (p. 14.26)

Quick Practice 14.20 (p. 14.34)

14 Applications of Definite Integration

Exercise 14A (p. 14.14)

Quick Practice 14.24 (p. 14.48)

Quick Practice 14.23 (p. 14.46)

Quick Practice 14.22 (p. 14.45)

Quick Practice 14.25 (p. 14.48)

Quick Practice 14.21 (p. 14.35)

NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol.2 Full Solutions

15. C1 and C2 intersect at

14 Applications of Definite Integration

, we have the points

Area of purple region

24. (a) The required equation is

Total area 16 and ratio

22. (a) Solving

(0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 8).

the points (0, 0), (0, 2), (3, 1).

23. (a) Solving

(b) Area of yellow region

The required ratio

21. (a) Solving

(d) Area of II + area of III =

By symmetry, the required area 2

NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol.2 Full Solutions

The coordinates of C satisfy

(c) Area of region CBE

(b) The coordinates of B satisfy

Solving them, we have

Putting y = 0 into it,

Area of region ODB

Solving them, we have C (1, 2)

The required equation is y ( 2) 2( x 2)

Let the equation of the curve C be y = f(x).

14 Applications of Definite Integration

The required point of intersection is (2, 1).

13. (a) Solving

The required points of intersection are

Exercise 14B (p.14.36)

C passes through (6, 6)

NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol.2 Full Solutions