.

.
.


.

1
2
3
4
5
6

1
2
42
43
56
64

] . [

] [

**Introduction:
*Installation steps for electrical power plant
** -:
1. Studying
2. Tendering
3. Design
4. Procurement
5. Installation
6. Testing
7. Commissioning
8. First Start
9. Reliability
10. Warranty

)(

equipments for Generation power plant:

*Main

** :
1. Generators

2. Transformers

3. Motors

4. Circuit breakers

5. GIS

6. Switch yard

7. Switchgear

*Types for electrical transformers:

** :

Power transformer
) Current transformer (CT
) Voltage transformer(VT

**
:

] . [

) (

[ .]

( )

Testing for power transformer:

1. Transformer turns ratio
2. Winding resistance
3. Insulation resistance (Megger test)
4. Calibration of winding and oil temperature sensors
5. Oil breaker down voltage (B D V)
6. Magnetizing current test (No load test)
7. Vector group test
8. Secondary current injection for winding temperature indicator
9. Functional check
10. Cooling system check
11. Tan test
12. Pushing test
13. Impedance test
14. Zero impedance test
15. On load tap changer test (OLTC)
16. Pressure test
17. Magnetic unbalance test.
1 Transformer turns ratio:

Tap ( I) excitation current
0. 5 :
Instrument device:- Megger three phase TTR

80V 40V HV
. HV Side ( R, S, T, N)
( R, S, T, N) L V Side
. LV Side
. ( V G) ( Vector group )
. (tap changer ) ( tap changer)

] . [

) (

) ( rated voltage ) .(Normal taping

:
MeggerthreephaseTTR

12345.N
PowerTransformer

HVcable

R
S

t
LVcable

n
:

12345.N
Taping

] . [

) (

)Iexc.(mA

)Dev.(%

Ratio

)Iexc.(mA

)Dev. (%

Ratio

)Iexc.(mA

)Dev. (%

Ratio
7.9359
7.8016

5.10
5.25

0.27
0.28

7.945
7.809

2.87
2.98

0.16
0.19

7.9367
7.8022

3.28
3.40

0.15
0.18

3.84
3.91

9.428
9.296

2.50
2.56

-0.09
-0.06

9.4195
9.2859

9
10

9.4285
9.2917
.

0.0
0.05

2.16
2.19

-0.04
-0.05

9.4243
9.2871

2.09
2.12

-0.19
-0.18

1
2

3.22
3.30

-0.07
-0.07

10.51
10.37

1.74
1.85

-0.17
-0.13

10.504
10373

10.502
10.367

10.592
10.386

Tap
No.

)MEASURED RATIO(Y) MEASURED RATIO (B

)MEASURED RATIO (R

Calc. Ratio

RATIO & MAGNETIZING CURRENT TESTS

20
21

7.9243
7.7876

Dev % 0.5%
0.5% ) (TTR
.
measured .ratio specified _ ratio
* 100
Specified _ ratio

% Dev

dev% .
2 Winding Resistance test
H V side L V side
tap changer
Instrument device:- Transformer winding resistance Kit AVO or multi amp
)(transformer ohmmeter

] . [

) (

:

) (5A,500mA,50mA,5mA 100%

) (led 0 m, 0 range
resistance A, B
R 75 C

) * Rm

(=

R 75

Tm = temperature during measurement

Rm = measured value of resistance
:

KITAVO
r

Potentialinput Testcurrent Potential input

output
)30VDC (B
)30VDC (A

12345.N
PowerTransformer

R
S

t
n

12345.N
Taping

[ .]

( )

-:

:
MEASUREMENT OF DC RESISTANCE
WINDING: H.V

TEPM: C

TERMINAL

TERMINAL

TERMINAL

TAP

1U-1N

1V-1N

1W-1N

Averag
eRec/ph
@Amb.Temp

0.520

0.519

0.520

0.511

0.510

0.510

Winding

75 C
()

Connection

0.5196

0.6195

STAR

0.5103

0.6084

STAR
...

...

...

...

...

...

...
10

0.438

0.437

0.436

0.4370

0.5210

STAR

11

0.427

0.427

0.426

0.4266

0.5086

STAR
...

...

...

...

...

...

...

Rec/ph

20

0.511

0.510

0.510

0.5103

0.6084

STAR

21

0.520

0.519

0.519

0.5193

0.6191

STAR

] . [

) (

TEPM: ... C
Rec/ph Winding

L.V.WINDING

TAP TERMINAL TERMINAL TERMINAL Average

Connection

75 C
)(

Rec/ph
@Amb.Temp

STAR

4.319

3.623

2V1-2V2

2W1-2W2

3.60

3.62

2U1-2U2

3.65

---

3 Insulation resistance test of transformer winding (Megger test): Megger test

) ( .
)Instrument device:- Megger (250 V : 5000 V
:
short L V , H V L V ) (L V + ground
)(+
Megger H V 5 KV 5 KV )(- ground
1 G L V side
1 KV ) (+ H V ) (- L V . 5 KV

polarization index ) (1.3

= Polarization index = PI
Criteria PI > 1.3

] . [

) (

CoreMeggertest
Megger . (core)
PUSHING .
1KV

Pushing

Earthing

:
MEGGER

12345.N
PowerTransformer

r
s

R
S

t
12345.N
Taping

n
HV

LV

LV

HV

5KV

1KV

1KV

] . [

) (

:
POLARIZATION
)INDEX ( PI

Insulation resistance
1 min

10min

Test
Voltage
)(V

Measurements
at TEMP. 30C

5000

HV -(LV+
)GND

1000

)LV-(HV+

5000

HV-LV

1000

CORE- GND

4 Calibration of winding and oil temperature sensors:

Instrument device:- omega and boiler

10

] . [

) (

:
sensor
. ) (omega 40
50
120 100 80
49 .
140
-:
Sensor

Ammeter

Remove

Controlcable

Transformer

Sensor
Boiler

Omega

BRoman

11

] . [

) (

:
CALIBRATION OF TEMP. INDICATORS:

120

110

100

90

80

70

REF.
TEMPC

118

108

97

88

78

68

WTI LV C

119

109

98

90

80

70

OTI

118

108

98

88

79

69

WTI HV C

sensor LV side
LV HV
5 Oil breaker down voltage (BDV) :
50 KV 40 KV
Instrument device:- Oil tester
:
) (2.5 mm
5
6
Process
Open sample valve
Remove same oil and then take a sample
Put this sample in the tester
Adjust distance between two pool 2.5 mm
Wait 5 minute until completing oil filtration
Start testing
Take one Broke, wait two minute this automatic in the device take 2,3,4,5,6
and calculate average .

New oil up 50 KV is ok and old oil up 40 KV is ok

12

[ .]

( )

:
OIL DIELECTRIC STRENGTH:
ELECTRODE FORM:
DISTANCE

SPHERE (0 12.5 / 13 MM)

2.5 MM
MINIMUM STRENGTH 50 KV

13

IEC

] . [

) (

BREAKDOWN
)VOLTAGE (kV

BREAKDOWNV
)OLTAGE (kV

76.7

70.7

64.1

60.2

71.7
88.8
77.2
78.7
70.6
72.9
77.1
76.8
65.8
74.0
66.4
63.8
72.9
69.7
73.4
56.5
43.2
69.1
49.0
60.5
60.9
59.4
67.3
64.1

TEST
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6

SAMPLE LOCATION

TRANSFORMER TOP

TRANSFORMER
BOTTOM

O. L. T. C

CONSERVATOR

CABLE BOX

50 KV
: tapping
.
:
.1
.2
14

[ .]

( )

OLTC
conservator
OLTC conservator
cable box conservator

.3
.4
.5
.6

6 Magnetizing current test (No load current test)

( Iron loss )
. ) (
Power loss=Wi +Wcu=no load power+I^.R= constant + variable
WI=No load power =IRONLOSS
Instrument device:- No device. Only power supply, voltammeter and
ammeter (clamp meter)
: (3)
U

U
Power
supply
380V
AC3

LV HV ( 3)
Three phase voltage applied on HV side, by keeping LV side open.
Current measurement carried at HV terminals.

15

OPEN

[ .]

( )

:
For example /Y 13.8 KV/480 V 5 taps
Applied voltage at primary winding

Tap no

Magnetizing current in mA at primary

winding

U-V

VW

WU

IU

IV

IW

367.9

353.4

363.1

18.5

12.3

12.9

367.2

353.4

363.3

18.9

12.9

13.3

376.8

353.6

363.6

20.8

14.4

14.3

Criteria value < 5 % between test and factory test report FAT
: (1)
U

U
Power
supply
380V
AC3

OPEN

. 2U1,2U2 220V single phase

WI = I*V

Per phase

WI=3 (I*V)
Measurementofsinglephasenoloadcurrentat380V,60HZ
Applied
Voltage
Current

2U12U2
379.0
135mA

2V12V2
380
86.97mA

16

2W12W2
380
170 mA

] . [

) (

7- Vector group test :

vector group
.
Instrument device:- No device:3 power supply ,C.B 3 , terminals , plate and
multimeter
:
three phase 220 v ,380 v,480 v ) (3 -C.B
terminal HV side short circuit phase R in HV and LV
)(1U&2U LV terminal .

Transformer

LV

2W

2V

1W

1V

2U

2N

3Powersupply
HV

1U

T N
T N

17

[ .]

( )

:
VECTOR GROUP CHECK:
SHORT PHASE 1U (HV) AND PHASE 2U (LV)
SUPPLY VOLTS (HV.V)
1U-1V
1V-1W
1W-1U
1U-1N

MEASURE: (VOLTS)
TERMINAL

VOLTAGE (V)

1U-2U
1U-2V
1U-2W
1W-2V

TERMINAL

VOLTAGE (V) TERMINAL

1U-1N
1V-2U
1V-2V
1W-2W

VOLTAGE (V)

1V-2W
1V-1N
1W-2U
1W-1N

SKETCH FROM MEASUREMENTS:

1. Dyn1
1W2W=1W2V=1V2V<1V2W

2U,1U

2W
N

2V

1W

18

1V

[ .]

( )

2. Dyn11
1U,2U

1W2W=1V2W=1V2V<1W2V

2V
2W

1W

1V

3. Dyn5
2W

1W2W=1V2V=1V2W>1W2V

2V

2U

1U

1V

1W

4. YNd1
1W2V=1W2W=1V2V<1V2W
2U,1U

2W
2V

1W

19

1V

[ .]

( )

5. YNd11
1U,2U

1V2V=1V2W=1W2W<1W2V

2V

2W

1W

1V

6. YNd5
2W

1V2V=1V2W=1W2W>1W2V

2V

2U,1U

1V

1W

7. DNy7
2V

1V2V=1W2V=1W2W>1V2W

2W

2U,1U

2V

1W

20

] . [

) (

8. Dyn7
2V

2W

1W

1V2V=1W2V=1W2W>1V2

2U,1U

1W

8 secondary current injection for winding temperature indication:

current
. transformer
winding .
) ( fans winding temperature
)Instrument device:- SVERKER(760
:
secondary injection for winding temperature indication
5 45
.
1A,2A,5A rated value for sec

21

[ .]

( )

:
Terminal

HVside

LVside

Transformer

Plan

Transformer
Indicator
0

1
SVERKER760

Elevation

22

] . [

) (

Reading
Temp.readinglv2
44
54
63
67
70
70,5
70,5
71
71
71

Time(min)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45

44
46
44
71
25

Oiltemp.atstart(A)
Oiltemp.atend(B)
)Windingtemp.beforecurrentinjection(C
)Windingtemp.after45min(D
))Simulatedtemp.risemeasured:((DC)(BA

9 - Function checks :

.
Instrument device:- Digital Multimeter
:
1-Buchholz relay
BR :

23

] . [

) (

(1 alarm close
(buzz) open close )(ok
(2 trip alarm close
close .
:
.

2-Pressure relief device

limit switch diaphragm trip rest .

24

] . [

) (

3-Oil level gauge

alarm trip
:
(1 trip
close
(2 A,T

4-Oil temp IND

5-Winding temp IND
alarm
trip.
calibration of winding or oil A,T

25

[ .]

( )

: terminal Megger
:
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT:
IR 500V (M )
TERMINALS

CONTACT WIRING

DESCRIPTION

ACROSS

TO

CONTACTS EARTH
1. OIL LEVEL INDC.
TRAFO.
2. OIL LEVEL INDC.
OLTC
.3 OIL LEVEL INDC.
CA BLE BOX

MIN. X13;6,36
MAX-.X13;7,39
MIN-.X13;8,37
MAX-.X13;9,40
MIN.X13;10,38
MAX.X13;11,41

4- BUCHHLZ ELAY

ALARM X13;1,31

MAIN TANK

TRIP X13;16,46

5. PRESSURE RELIEF

TRIP X13;19,49
X13;20,50

VENT TRAFO

26

FUNCTION

[ .]
6. PRESSURE RELIEF
VENT OLTC

7. OIL TEMPERATURE
INDICATOR

8. WINDING TEMP. LV

( )

TRIP-X13;21,51
ALARM 13.13,43
ASJK TRIP
X13.27,57
ALARM
X13;15,45
TRIP- X13;29,59

9. WINDING TEMP. HV

ALARM 13;14,44
TRIP -X13;28,58

10. RAPID PRESSURE

RISE RELAY

TRIP- X13;18,48
STAGE 1:
Fan Start: 80 C

11. WINDING TEMP

INDICATOR HV

STAGE 2:
Fan Start: 90
C
ALARM :105 C
TRIP:120 C
STAGE 1:

12. WINDING TEMP

INDICATOR LV
MAN:

Fan Start: 80 C
STAGE 2:
Fan Start: 90 C

27

[ .]
TYPE:
SERIAL #:

( )

ALARM :105 C
TRIP:120 C
STAGE 1:
Fan Start: 70 C

13. OIL TEMP INDICATOR

Fan Stop:60 C
STAGE 2:
Fan Start: 80 C
Fan Stop:70 C
ALARM :90 C
TRIP: 105 C

14.PROTECTIVE RELAY
OLTC

15 BUCHHOLZ RELAY
CABLE BOX HV1

TRIP
X;13,17,47
ALARM
X13;2,32
TRIP X13;22,52

16 BUCHHOLZ RELAY
CABLE BOX HV2

ALARM
X13;3,33
TRIP X13;23,53

17 BUCHHOLZ RELAY
CABLE BOX HV3

ALARM
X13;4,34
TRIP X13;24,54

18 BUCHHOLZ RELAY
CABLE BOX HV4

ALARM
X13;5,35
TRIP X13;25,55

28

] . [

) (

10- Cooling system check

auto manual

Instrument device:- Megger, multimeter, clap meter, stopwatch
:
Megger test winding +ground
+ve sequence
over current
trip 2
over load =2 2IR
60
contactor
CURRENT

1.6A

COOLING SYSTEM:
MANUF.
TYPE
KRENZ

TELEMECANQUE GV2MO6

POWER
.5HP

MOTOR
OVERLOAD

14

13

12

11

10

FAN3#

3.61014

3.61009

3.61006

3.61010

3.61013

3.61018

3.61008

SERIAL#

18.5

38.2

31.0

24.9

27.5

24.74

21.6

IR1000V(G)

4.94

4.70

4.84

4.94

4.86

4.74

4.91

STARTINGCURRENT
(AMP)

0.91

0,90

0.84

0.86

0.86

0.84

0.86

RUNNINGCURRENT
(AMP)

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

ROTATION

OVERLOAD
1
CURRENTSET(AMP)

1.30/10

1.30/10

1.31/9

1.31/10

1.31/10

1.32/10

TIMETOTRIPWITH
1PHASEOUT
(AMP/SEC)

29

1.33/9

] . [

) (

)11-TAN TEST (POWER FACTOR TEST

capacitance
tan=cos
Instrument device: DELTA-2000
:
controlHV
short circuit LV
short circuit HV Neutral
=10KV
:
HV HV SIDE LV SIDE RED CABLE

1-GST (ground specimen test) GROUND
)Measure for (CHG+CHL
2-GST (ground specimen test) GUARD
)Measure for (CHG
)1-UST (ungrounded specimen test
)Measure for (CHL
)Check test (test 1= test 2+ test 3
:
10KV LV side HV side

30

] . [

) (

31

] . [

) (

32

] . [

) (

33

[ .]

( )

I
HV Lead

Delta2000
testset

Ic

CHG

CHL

Lvlead

CLG

Red

Calculate tan
Tan =

Sin

90
cos

1, tan

Tan =

COS

= cos.
:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

power on
push new test key
select test ( UST,GST ug , GST)
start test with two safety key in cable pushed
increasing voltage slowly reach to 10KV
push measuring key and wait out resulted
decreasing voltage to zero
Power off.

34

[ .]

Test

GND

GAR US
T

CAPACITANCE C (PF)

10

11776.0

L,T

10

0.160

14.38

10

0.113

30.12

10

0.154

60.59

18.14

CHL

UST

CHL

CLG+
CHL

GST

Test 1 Minus Test 2

GND

CLG

GST

10

0.194

CHL

UST

10

0.134

CHL

Test 5 Minus Test 6

CHG

CGH Minus High Bush.

10

CLG

CLG Minus Low Bush.

44.63

35

WATTS

GST

mA

CHG

C.F

0.120

GND

20C PF

GST

Equivalent to
2.5KV
Measured

CHG+
CHL

Equivalent to
10KV

% Power
Factor

EN
G

Test Connections
(windings)

Test Mode

Insulation Tested

Test
1

( )

0.815

[ .]

( )

12-TAN TEST POWER FACTOR for pushing transformer

pushing

HV

Device
Test

( UST ) :
Red

PUSHING TESTS

No.

HI .KV
LO .KV

Pushing .NO.SER O.

Test

% Power Factor
Test

Test

Mode

KV

CAPACITA
NCE
C (PF)

Equivalent to
10 KV
Equivalent to
2.5KV

Measu
red

20C
%PF

C.F

mA

Watts

11

UST

10

303

0.20%

1.142

0.022

12

UST

10

301.1

0.20%

1.135

0.022

13

UST

10

292.97

0.20%

1.104

0.021

14

UST

10

245.72

0.19%

0.925

0.0176

15

UST

16

UST

17

UST

18

UST

19

UST

20

UST

36

] . [

) (

) (HV pushing ( test ) earthing pin measuring

) (red 10 KV pushing ) (c1,pf pin
pushing ) (c2,pf
.
:
: 2KV ).(10kv
13- Impedance test:

13-A-single phase impedance test

:

Power
supply
220V
AC1

V
N

Short

w
LV

HV

HV short short R
.
x100=Z% per phase

=Z%

LV SHORT HV
Z% Main =3*Z% per phase
Z+=Z-

37

[ .]

( )

MEASUREMENT OF SINGLE PHASE IMPEDENCE

Tap

Supply 1U-1N Short

2U1-2U2
U(V)

I(A)

Z%

Supply 1V-1N Short

2V1-2V2

Supply 1W-1N Short

2W1-2W2

V(V)

W(V)

I(A)

Z%

I(A)

Z%

13-B-Three phase impedance test

A
V

N
v

W
HV

Power
supply
380V
AC3

LV

14-zero impedance test:

star zero
U
A
N

V
V
W

38

Power
supply
220V
AC1

] . [

) (

:
Short R, Y and B on HV side.
Single phase voltage applied on HV side ,by keeping LV side OPEN
Measure the voltage & current on HV side
Zero sequence impedance
measurement

Zo%

12.4822

)Current (A

)Voltage (V

46.7

225.7

TAP.NO

13

3V / I
* 100
rated , voltage / rated , current

Zo %

15-On load tap changer test (OLTC):

)(

tap.No1
tap No
tap.No1
tap No
main CB
tap

39

[ .]
TAP CHANGER DRIVING MECHANISM:

( )

MANUFACTURER
_________________________________________________
TYPE ______________________SERIAL
NO.____________________________
MOTOR VOLTAGE_________________RATING
________________________
SERIAL NO.____________________________
REVOLUTIONS REQD TO CHANGE TAP_____________________________
(MANUAL OPERATION)
TAP CHANGER SELECTOR AND DIVERTER SWITCH
MANUFACTURER__________________________YEAR
__________________
TYPE ______________________ SERIAL NO.
___________________________
NO. OF TAPS_________________NORMAL
TAP_________________________
VOLTAGE
RANGE__________________________________________________
1

CHECK THE MECHANICL

OPERATION

CHECK INSULATION RESISTANCE

(500V) OF POWER CIRCUIT

CHECK FEEDING VOLTAGE AND

PHASE ROTATION

CHECK STEP BY STEP FUNCTION

CHECK ELECTRIC END POSITION

LOCKING

CHECK ENERGY STOP SWITCH

FUNCTION

40

] . [

) (

MEASURE MOTOR RUNNING

CURRENT

THERMAL OVERLOAD SETTING

TIME TO TRIP WITH 1 PHASE

REMOVED

TEST SAFE GUARD AGAINST

WRONG ROTATING FIELD.

10

TAP POSITION INDICATOR

11

16- Pressure test:

:
:
.1 .
conservator 1.25 %
25% 24


.
:
0.35 bar conservator 24

0.35 0.2


conservator
silica jell
.

41

] . [

) (

17- Magnetic unbalance test:

Power
supply
220V
AC1

V
V

V
v

V V
W
V

V w

1W1

1U1

1V1

2W1

2V1

2W2

2V2

1W2

2U1
2U2

1V2

1U2

) (1 220 v


v1=v2+v3

Primary

v1=v2+v3

Secondary

42

 .]

[ ]

GENERATORTESTS:
Meggertestforarmatureby5KV.
Meggertestforfieldby500V.
Windingresistanceforarmaturetest.
Windingresistanceforfieldtest.
Earthingresistancetest.(measureresistancebymultimeter)
Earthingtransformertest(ratio,Meggerandresistance)
.

42

] . [

] [

43

[ .]

[ ]

Types Test for Circuit breaker:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Timing test
Contact resistance
Megger test
Highpot test

1. Timing test for C.B

CB CB
Instrumentdevice:timingtester
-:

Short

GCB
R

CC

TC1

TC2
Ve

+Ve

Close

Timing tester

Jumper

Trip

44

] . [

] [

-:

Operationandprint

Operation

TheTestsTypes:

1) <c> close
2) <o> open
3) <co>closeopen
4) <oc> openclose
5) <coc>closeopenclose
6) <oco>opencloseopen
** timing
. sheet stopwatch

45

] . [

] [

:
CB CB .
+veDC ve open[TC1,TC2] . close
CC,TC1 . CC,CT2
:
Timing test for trip coil 1
PH B
44.0m.s
79.2m.s
177.8m.s

PH Y
44.1m.s
79.2m.s
177.8m.s

PH R
44.5m.s
78.7m.s
177.5m.s

PH B
44.0m.s
76.5m.s
174.9m.s

PH Y
44.0m.s
76.5m.s
174.7m.s

PH R
44.4m.s
76.1m.s
174.4m.s

Operation
Close
Open
Closeopen

Timingtestfortripcoil2

46

Operation
Close
Open
Closeopen

] . [

] [

2. Contactresistance
)( CB
Instrumentdevice:MeggerDLRO600
:

C2

P2

P1

C1

Meger DLRO 600

-:

47

] . [

] [

:
100A ) R=V/I (R
: 20M CB Busbar
40M ) ( .
contactresistance ) (CB 20M
:
Breaker contact resistance
Resistance
Remarks

phase

Micro OAM

Connection
Point between
Breaker
terminals

@100ADC
OK
OK
OK

R
Y
B

214
198
204

From earth two

isolator

** anti pump
.1 off contactor close open
CB OFF
.2 ON contactor
CB ON

48

] . [

] [

3. Megger test

:
Insulation test
Voltage applied = 5 k v
measured value with ohm
Closed position
R-E
Y-E
B-E

Closed position
R-E
Y-E
B-E

6.55
T.ohm

3.18
T.ohm

7.02
T.ohm

5.98
T.ohm

2.88
T.ohm

2.94
T.ohm

Time = 60 sec
Bay

C.B for
G.C.B

C.B
(1 open close 110 % rated v
1.1 * 125 =137.5 V DC

Example: 125 V DC

(2 open 70 %
(3 close 85 % .
coils CB
(4 timing for open, Close

open, close
)(criteria

total time- close,

open
open, close, open

=) ( +

manual , trip coil1,coil2
manual ,trip close coil
49

] . [

] [

4. High pot test: . Bus bar , Main CB

.
Instrumentdevice:high voltage AC dielectric test
:
80 % .
(V rated/ph)*3+1
*3 +1 = 24KV

high voltage test

.1
DC voltage ) RDC (
AC voltage low frequency .2 0.01 HZ
AC voltage normal frequency .3
high pot
.1
.2
.3
.4

surge arrestors
short circuit

:
Highvoltage
C.B

Short

Control

50

Output

] . [

] [

51

] . [

] [

:
-1 ) (HV ) (HV frequency
XL=XC

Z=R
-2 :

152

-3 )(:
-4 Megger Highpot test
5 k v dc Megger between Ph G for 1min
Ph
R GND
Y GND
B GND

insulation
1.1 T OHM
1.83 T OHM
1.73 T OHM

(PD) patch discharge test :

HV ) (GIS
GIS
)frequency (HZ
PD ) (sensor ) (high pot
noise .
:
)Injection High voltage test per phase (Highpot

*1. 1.3 VN/ph =1.3

Measure (PC) peak Colum at this value

*2. 1.1 VN/ph =1.1

Measure (PC) for this value

(PD)by PC actual = PD1 PD2 = 10 PC
52

] . [

] [

)High voltage test for (GIS) switch gear (132 KV

53

[ .]

[ ]

:
HV TEST
U TEST = 0.8 X 38 K V = 30 K V AC
SECTION

PH

PH
U
GROUNDED TEST

BBFROM
GENERATOR

Y+B

R+B

R+Y

30 KV

DURATION LEAKAGE
GRRRENT
ma
5
5

1 MIN

Procedure for Highpot test for GIS 132 KV.

1) Test number #1

10 KV check with VT

2) Test number #2

normal voltage =

3)
4)
5)
6)

VT
Test number #3
Test number #4
Test number #5
Test number #6

(V/P)=

76kv with

1.5 *(Vn/P)= 114 KV with VT

(Vn/P) = 76kv without VT & 15 min
(Vn/L) = 132 KV without VT & 3 min
220 KV &1 min

(10KV) ( 10KV)
. short close
All earthing switch (open) VT
All earthing open VT bus bar bus bar
Isolator open

54

[ .]

[ ]

Existing

Link
open

cable
Link
open

End

Injectionhigh
voltage

55

End

] . [

] [

56

[ .]

[ ]

1Highvoltagecabletest:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Meggerfor cable5KV
Highpot10KVforearthingsheath
Highpot152KV/phaseatcablenormalvoltage132/3perphase(2VnP)
Injection3100Aatthiscableandmeasureleakageintheearthingcablemustbe
3%maximum3Aatinjection100A
MeasurepositiveimpedanceZ+ANDnegativeImpedanceZZ+=Z
MeasurezeroimpedanceZ0
MeasuredcresistanceRDC
Contactresistanceforearthjoint
Meggertestfor(SVL)

transpose

Pushing

Pushing
R
S
T

Joint

Earthingbox

57

] . [

] [

2Highpot10KVforEarthingsheath:
10KV sheath leakagecurrent

Openlink

HITESTER

Remove

Earthingbox
)(SVL
3Highpot152KVperPHASEwithratedvoltage132KV:
) (HV
) (resonance
XL=XC
short) (SVL junctionbox

Cable

Short

SVL

Result:(R)(Y)(B)
Uset=152v
Uact=152v
Freso(HZ)=123.99HZ
Time=1h
Status=0k

58

] . [

] [

4Leakagecurrenttest:
sheath
) (3% inner outer
junctionbox :

:
100A3

SVL

)(primaryinjection3

:

short

59

[ .]

[ ]

5Positiveandnegativeimpedancetest:
1. Positivesequenceimpedance Z1:
100A
Z= |Z |=|Z |Z+=positivesequence
Forexamplevalue:
(R) U0=14.2, Iph=80.5,

cos=0.99,

Z+= =5.66

(S)

U0=4.42, Iph=58.1,

cos=0.45,

Z+= =13.144

(T)

U0=79.8, Iph=21,

cos=0.72,

Z+= =3.8

Cos=0.72

|Z |=7.53

A
Injection
current A

=43.945

S
T

:
Phases

Volt(v)

Current(A)

Phase(0)

Phase
impedances

Red+Yellow
(forward)
(reverse)

1.8

38.5

48.0

2.0

38.5

49.0

Red
0.02+j0.02

1.6

38.7

53.6

1.6

38.7

53.4

1.8

38.5

44.0

2.0

38.4

45.3

Yellow+blue
(forward)
(reverse)
Blue+red
(forward)
(reverse)

60

Yellow
0.01+j0.02

Blue
0.01+j0.02

[ .]

[ ]

CheckvalueZ1+Z0:
(InjectcurrentinyellowphasereturnviasamepathsasZ0measurement)

VOLT(V)

CURRENT(A)

forward

1.8

38.5

reverse

2.1

38.3

Z=3V/I

0.15

Ohms(1)

IZI+IZ0I

0.15

Ohms(2)

(1)&(2)shouldbesimilarvalues.
2. ZEROSEQUENCEIMPEDENCEZ0
Z=R+JXL=2cos+Jsinohm
Z=

cos+j

sinohm/km
:

R
S

A
A
V

Injection
current

:
Phases

Volt(v)

Current(A)

Phase(0)

Phase
impedances

(forward)

1.4

38.7

57.3

(reverse)

1.4

38.9

55.2

0.06+j0.09

61

[ .]

[ ]

Example:
Z0= V0=7.46Iph=64.6,cos=0.91
cos=0.91

=24.494

sin=0.414

Z0=

=22.38

|Z0 |=2.88
3. DCresistance(RDC):
Instrumentdevice:YOKOGAWAZ769portabledoublebridge
R20=Rt*

ohm

( R,S,T)RDC
:

current

Voltage

C P CP P

YokaGawa

: transpose Junctionbox **
SVL

Inner

outer

Coaxialcable
R

62

] . [

] [

**

**) (SVL .
sheath sheath
.
) ( .
junction .
**)3.6KV&5KA(SVL

63

] . [

] [

64

] . [

] [

Earthingresistance:

earthbit

)(1
) (5 )(earth
rod

Instrumentdevice::HIOKI3151earthHITester
:
Existing
earthbit

Newrod

510m

1015m

Black

Devicerod

65

] . [

] [

66

] . [

] [

:
-1 ) (E Rod
p,s devicerod 10m
)(c device rod 15m

-2
presson selector BATT

presson selector P P,CChock

) rod(p

(2) )(c
-3 2Rod(c,p) terminals(3a,3b)
1Rod(p) terminals(2a,2b)
-4 ) (presson . (X1,X10,X100) Range
scale
scale .
). (

67

] . [

] [

Batterydischargetest:
Instrumentdevice:TORKEL860(LOADBANK)
.
:

68