Introduction to Engineering

Design
Allah Mohammad Ibrahimi
C1
Section: C5
ID: 1414316
Member: 1
Date: 18/Oct/2015

Assignment:
Group: 1

Electrical Engineering
Abstract:
Engineering the profession is the first assignment of IE 201.The
objective of this assignment is to achieve knowledge about our field
of engineering. Also, toachieve awareness about other fields of
engineering. Through this assignment we can get lots of information
about different departments of engineering faculty. In this assignment
we searched a lot about our favorite department which helped us to
know more information about our profession. In this assignment firstly
I talked about general engineering,and then I discussed deeply
Electrical Engineering. In addition to that I mentioned my technical
and social skills, job opportunities, salary, market and future growth
of electrical engineering in KSA. According to my interest, technical
and social skills that I have I want to study Electrical and
Communication Engineering.

Introduction:
1.Engineering and its Departments:
Engineering is knowledge of problem solving and making all the
different devices in the world. Engineering is the application
of mathematics, empirical, evidence and scientific, economic, social,
and
practical
knowledge in
order
to invent, design,
build,
maintain, research,
and
improve
structures,
machines, tools, systems, components, materials, and processes.
The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD,
the predecessor of ABET) has defined "engineering" as: The creative
application of scientific principles to design or develop structures,
machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works utilizing
them singly or in combination; or1to construct or operate the same

with full cognizance of their design; or to forecast their behavior

under specific operating conditions; all as respects an intended
function, economics of operation or safety to life and property.

The main four branches of Engineering are as follow:

Electrical engineering The design and study of various

electrical and electronic systems, such as an electrical circuits,
generators,
motors,
electromagnetic/electromechanical devices, electronic
devices, electronic
circuits, optical
fibers, devices,
computer systems, telecommunications,
instrumentation,
controls, and electronics.
Chemical engineering The application of physics, chemistry,
biology, and engineering principles in order to carry out
chemical processes on a commercial scale, such as petroleum
refining, micro
fabrication, fermentation,
and biomolecule
production.

Civil engineering The design and construction of public and

private works, such as infrastructure (airports, roads, railways,
water supply and treatment etc.), bridges, dams, and buildings.

Mechanical engineering The design of physical or mechanical

systems, such as power and energy systems, aerospace/aircraft
products, weapon
system,
transportation
products , engines, compressors, powertrains, kinematic chains,
vacuum technology, and vibration isolation equipment [1].

2.Electrical Engineering:
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals
with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and
electromagnetism. This field first became an identifiable occupation in
the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the
electric telegraph, the telephone, and electric power distribution and

use.
Subsequently, broadcasting and recording
media made
electronics part of daily life. The invention of the transistor, and later
the integrated circuit, brought down the cost of electronics to the
point they can be used in almost any household object.
Electrical engineering has now subdivided into a wide range of
subfields
including electronics, digital
computers, engineering,
telecommunications, control
systems, radio-frequency
engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, and microelectronics.
The subject of electronic engineering is often treated as its own
subfield but it intersects with all the other subfields, including
the power electronics of power engineering.
Electrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or
electronic engineering. Practicing engineers may have professional
certification and be members of a professional body. Such bodies
include the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and
the Institution of Engineering
and Technology (professional
society) (IET).
Electrical engineers work in a very wide range of industries and the
skills required are likewise variable. These range from basic circuit
theory to the management skills required of a project manager. The
tools and equipment that an individual engineer may need are
similarly variable, ranging from a simple voltmeter to a top end
analyzer to sophisticated design and manufacturing software[2].

3.My technical and Social Skills:

I have few technical skills like: critical thinking, coordinating, decision
making, time management etc. Also Im good at mathematics and
physics. These technical skills fit best electrical and civil engineering,
because lots of subjects of these departments include mathematics
and physics, but I like to study electrical engineering. Also people say
that Im good in few social skills like: interaction and communication
with others, giving presentation, instructing, active listening and other
skills. In addition to all that in my childhood I made a device from two
plastic cups and a narrow wire through that we were talking with my
friend.

4.What does an Electrical Engineer do?

An electrical engineer is someone who designs and develops new
electrical equipment, solves problems and tests equipment. They
work with all kinds of electronic devices, from the smallest pocket
devices to large supercomputers.
Electrical engineering deals with electricity, electro-magnetism and
electronics.
It
also
covers
power,
control
systems,
telecommunications and signal processing. These engineers are
usually concerned with large-scale electrical systems such as motor
control and power transmission, as well as utilizing electricity to
transmit energy. Electrical engineers may work on a diverse range of
technologies, from the design of household appliances, lighting and
wiring of buildings, telecommunication systems, electrical power
stations and satellite communications. They may plan their designs
using computer-aided software or they may also sketch ideas by
hand.
There are many sub-disciplines of electrical engineering. Some
electrical engineers specialize exclusively in one sub-discipline, while
others specialize in a combination of sub-disciplines. The most
popular sub-disciplines are:
4.1 Electronic Engineer: - deals with electronic circuits such as
resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors and diodes
4.2 Microelectronics Engineer: - deals with design and microfabrication of tiny electronic circuit components
4.3 Signal Processing Engineer: - deals with signals, such as
analog or digital signals
4.4 Power Engineer: - deals with electricity and design of
related electrical devices such as transformers, generators, motors
and power electronics
4.5 Control Engineer: - deals with design of controllers that cause
systems to behave in a certain way, using micro-controllers,
programmable logic controllers, digital signal processors and
electrical circuits
4.6 Telecommunications Engineer: - deals with transmission of
information via a cable or optical fiber
4.7 Instrumentation Engineer: - deals with the design of
measuring devices for pressure, flow and temperature. This involves
a deep understanding of physics

Computer Engineer: -deals with the design of computers and

computer hardware [3].

5.Project Duration of Electrical Engineering:

Electrical Engineering is a big field of engineering, which contains big
projects like projects of power,electronics and communication. The
project duration of these projects is different from one project to
other. Some big electrical projects may take few years to complete
but some small projects may take few months to complete the
project, so its difficult to say the exact duration of electrical
engineering.

6.Sort of companies that hire electrical engineers in

KSA:
We can find many companies in Saudi Arabia that hires electrical
Engineers, such as: Saudi Aramco, Sabic, Saudi Electricity Company,
Ministry of Water and Electricity, Saudi Arabian Airlines, Ministry of
Housing, Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC), Siemens,
Kellogg Brown and Root Company (KBR).
6.1 Saudi Aramco Company: Is an integrated global Saudi company
found in 1988 and working in the fields of oil and natural gas,
petrochemicals and related business such as exploration, production,
refining, distribution, shipping and marketing and has headquartered
in Dhahran. The number of employees are 54,000 employees and are
the largest company in the world [4].
6.2 Saudi Electricity Company: is the leading producer of electricity
in all parts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia providing services to
various governmental, industrial, agricultural, commercial and
residential sectors. By the end of 2013, the rate of employment of
Saudi nationals in the Saudi Electricity Company has reached 88.59%.
The Company has electricity generating capacity of 58,462 MW,
power transmission network length of 54,318 km-circular, power
distribution network length of 465,501 km-circular, and over 7.1
million customers. Overall, the number of cities, villages, and
settlements electrified reached 12,644 [5].

7.Salary and amount of Electrical Engineers in KSA:

Average salary of An Electrical Engineer is SAR 111,566 per year.
People in this job generally don't have more than 20 years'
experience. A skill in Engineering Design is associated with high pay
for this job [6].

Figure.1 [6] Salary Of EE Engineer in KSA

As we saw in figure 1 the salary start from SAR 100k to SAR 180K.
People who have no experience or they have up to 5 years
experience they have about SAR 100k per year. People who has midcareer they have about SAR 120K. Also people who has 20 years
experience they have about SAR 180K.

year
General
Engineers
Electrical
Engineers

Amount of Engineers Graduated From KAU

2003 - 2007
1716
497
Table 1 [7] Amount of Engineers

After finishing some statistics about the graduated engineers from

King Abdul-Aziz University in Saudi Arabia, according to table 1
KAAU database, I have found that during the years from 2003 2007, 1716 Engineers were graduated from it. (497) of them were
Electrical Engineers with average of only 35 engineers every year.
These statistics show that Electrical Engineers in Saudi Arabia are
limited which will lead us to say that the Engineering companies have
shortage in electrical engineers and they need to hire more of them
to satisfy their job needs [7].

8.Professional Society for Engineers in KSA:

The Saudi Council of Engineers is a Saudi Arabian professional body
intended to promote the engineering profession, develop and upgrade
its standards and those practicing it. It operates under the supervision
of Ministry of Commerce with headquarters in Riyadh.
The organization's stated responsibilities are:

Setting criteria and standards

Profession development

Setting license terms and conditions

Setting rules, regulations

Conducting examinations for obtaining professional Status [8].

9.Job Market in KSA:

As we know better that electrical engineers can work in a variety of
fields such as in a lab, an office, a mine or in industrial plants. An
electrical engineer usually can pursue a technical career in any
industry. They usually supervise computer programmers, electricians,
scientists and other engineers [9]. Here in KSA there are lots of fields
in generating power, working in sector of communication etc. So we
can say that market for electrical engineers is good to work.

10.Growing of Electrical Engineering in KSA:

The need of electrical engineers in KSA is increasing day by day as
well as in the world, because electricity consumption in Saudi

Arabia increased sharply during the 19902010 period due to

rapid economic development. Peak loads reached nearly 24 GW in
200125 times their 1975 level-and are expected to approach 60 GW
by 2023. The investment needed to meet this demand may exceed
$90 billion. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop energy
conservation policies for sustainable development. Electricity
generation is 65% from Oil 27% from Natural Gas and 8% from steam.
Generation capacity is approximately 55 GW. A looming energy
shortage requires Saudi Arabia to increase its capacity. Capacity is
planned to be increased to 120 GW by 2032. The government has
approved the construction of a $300 million facility to turn waste into
energy. The facility will process 180 tons of waste per day, producing
6 MW of electricity and 250,000 US gallons (950 m3) of distilled water
[10].

11. Conclusion:
Finally, after finishing this assignment I learned a lot about
engineering. Especially about electrical, chemical, civil and
mechanical engineering. I got much information about electrical
engineering that I wasnt knowing before. I understood what electrical
engineer do and in which fields they work. Also, I got information
about different fields of electrical engineering, salary, project
duration, professional society, job market and so many other things.
Before the assignment I had some confusing between the civil and
electrical engineering, but after I finished this assignment now I can
easily choose electrical engineering.
All in all, I found this assignment very useful and essential for
all students in university. I recommend this assignment to all students
of university to choose a department that are fair for them.
After lots of soirees, thirsts and hungers I finished this assignment
by help of almighty Allah. For this assignment I used trusted
sources such as internet to access for accurate information. I faced
some problems during searching information about KSA, but after lots
of searching I got all the information.
According to my interest, technical and social skills that I have I want
to study Electrical and Communication Engineering.

12. References:
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineeringaccessed on 30/09/2015
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineeringaccessed on
30/09/2015
[3] https://www.sokanu.com/careers/electrical-engineer/accessed on
30/09/2015
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Aramcoaccessed on
30/09/2015
[5] https://www.linkedin.com/company/saudi-electricitycompany_2accessed on 30/09/2015
[6]

http://www.payscale.com/research/SA/Job=Electrical_Engineer/Salary
accessed on 30/09/2015
[7] http://engineering.kau.edu.sa/Pages-2007.aspxaccessed on
30/09/2015
[8] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Council_of_Engineersaccessed
on 30/09/2015

[9] https://www.sokanu.com/careers/electrical-engineer/accessed on

30/09/2015
[10] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Saudi_Arabia accessed
on 30/09/2015

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