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    Chenistry answers

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    23 views8 pages

    Answeeers P2

    Uploaded by

    Kugan Kishur
    Chenistry answers

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 8
    Question 2 fa) (1) SSH () —> 5 C (g) + 8 H (9) + N (Q) (ii) Enthalpy change of atomisation of pyridine xB(C~C) + 2xE(C=C) + E(C-N) +E(C=N) + 5xE(C-H) 2(350) + 2(610) + 305 + 610 + 5(410) = +4885 kd mor” (iil) Any of the following reasons: 4) The value calculated in (if) dows not teke into account the enthalpy change of vapourisation of pyridine. 2) The bond energy data ‘rom the Data Booklet are average values which may not agree with the actual values unique to the pyridine structure. 3) Pyridine is stabilised due to resonance (like benzene), itis more stable : than expected due to the delocalisation of the x electrons over the 5 carbons and the nitrogen atom. More energy is then required to atomise pyridine. ») ) Git) Standard enthalpy of combustion of pyridine Is the enthalpy change when one mole of pyridine is completely burat in oxygen at 298K and 1 atmospheric pressure (or standard cond! S: CsHN (l) + 29/40 (g) —— 560; (g) + 5/2H20 (!) + NO2 (Q) Note: Equation is not a definition! Molar mass of pyridine = 79.0 g mol" Amount of pyridine burnt = 1.13/79.0 = 0.01430 mol Heat evolved = 100 x 4.2 x (87-25) = 26,04 kJ Total heat evolved = 26.04 x 100/65 = 40.06 kJ Enthalpy change of comoustion = - 40.06 ku/ 0.0143, 2600 kd mol" Note: Try not to use Q. Q = heat change (-ve for combustion) Hq Hr + 3h Oe 0 AH. xa fae 5CO2 (g) + 11/2 HaO (1) + NO2 (9) kJ mols Enthalpy change of combustion of CsHy)N aH, = 3356 Enthalpy change of combustion of CsHsN AH, —- 2800 Enthalpy change of combustion of Hz oH, =~ 285.8 By Hess! Law, AH, = AH!" + SAH, — AH¢ = ~ 301 ku mol" (3 s.t.) 2 (axl) faycti) aye) Order of reaction is the power to which the concentration of reactant is raised in the rate equation. NaBH is in large excess, so that [NaBH.| is kept relatively constant throughout the experiment, [CHyCH,CH,CHO] will therefore be the only variable and its order of reaction can be determined, ‘rap (2H,0%400,0H0) ogi tne : oa em) 2 We eS Be From the graph of experiment 2, the for [CHsCH2CH.CHO} to drop from 0.100 to 0.060 mol dm" = 48 min tye for (CHsCH2CH2CHO] to drop from 0.080 to 0.040 mal dm™ = 63 - 15 = 48min Since tye is constant, reaction is 1*' order with respect to butanal, (ay(iv) (ayy) fay(vi) 3 9,100 0.040 = g 96 x 10 mol dm For experiment 1, initial rate 040 % For experiment 2, initial rate = 1.43 x 10% mo! dm? From the data, when initial [NaBH increases by 1.5 times, the rate increases by approximately 1.5 times. Therefore, reaction is 1° order with respect to NaBH... Rate = k [CHsCH2CH»CHO][NaBHa] Since [NaBHi] is relatively constant during expt. 2, rate = K [CHsCH2CH:CHO] where k= kiNaHBa} ing ty = 2 = Using t= 42 and average ty = 48 min 2 = 0.01444 mit ke 4 dm? min“! ip 9.63 x 10 molt dm? min’ ‘The proposed mechanism is consistent with the observed kinetics since 1 mole of CHCH2CH2CHO and 1 mole of H~are involved in the slow step. Eneray f (CAHeOH and OH" > Reaction Progress, aiiy How long will i take for 15 % of a sample of Hi02 to decompase? Time taken for 50% to decompose = t= In2/k = 653.9 min CYCo= (1/2)" where n =n. % lives 0.85 /1 =(1/2)" n= 0.234 ‘Therefore time = 0.234 x 6§3.9 = 153.3 min OR use C= Cie! (iii) ‘The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide can be catalysed by bromide ions, The rate equation is: rate = &[H2O,] [Br]. Give 2 2- step mechanism involving BrO” intermediate that is consistent with slow, #0; + Br H,0 + Bro” BrO' +H:02""" H,0 +024 BF (b) lodide ions are oxidized in acid solution by hydrogen peroxide. H0p(aq) + 2H"teq) + 2¢ (aq) > Kaa) + 24001) @ State two conditions thet determine whether a reaction ocours when molecules collide, Molecules collide with sufficient energy (2 Ea) and correct orientation. cosy eee Enthaipy Term ~AH [kd mor F atoisaiion of nag _ +148 ©pHS 2012 ‘6e7m2 [Turn over " [Sum off and 2" sleciron afinities of oqgea Enthalpy chango of formation of magnesium carbonale Enthalpy change of formation of CO), 9) + CO,{g) > CO," (9) Energy /kJ mor" ‘ Ng*(g) + €0.a) * 0% (@) Mg?"iq) + CO,* (a) Mand 2-1 (Mg) Mgla) + Ca) + O* (a) |— a and EA (0) Ma(a) + CO9) + Of0) ‘AH MgCOs) — SHa(O2) AlKCOa) Ma(s) + Cis) + 3/202{g) Ma(a) + CO-(a) + 1/20,(9) AH(MgCO.) MgCOs(s) By Hoss Law, OH” ign (MgCOs) = {-778) —(736 + 1450) — (4657) ~ ¥4(+496) — (-399) — (+148) + (-1096) anes 3.46 x10 kimot" Mag(s) + C(s) + 3/2 0,(g) 393 MgCO,(s) Mas) + CO,(@) + 1/20,(0) | 148 | 3 (496) Ha (MICO) Mg(g) + CO,(g) + O(9) \78 +1450 |:

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