Prof Surgery osce from year previous to mine:

spina bifida- meningomylocele- dx, immediate rx, neurological signs

hemmorhoids
appendicitis- 4 signs
fracture: osteoporosis, fracture, splint (gallows traction), extracapstualr treat, dynamic hip screw
varicose veins- dx, tests, complications, treatment
ercp- name,defect? other invest? operation
mammogram- radiological findings, duct ectasia? diff rx? discharge?
consent-interactive
chest tube
pop sling
barium enema- study, radiological findings, crohns tb. confirmed by?
thyroid- hot nodule, cold nodule
extradural hematoma- dx, signs, rx
pancreatitis- symptoms, criteria used? -ransons, blood tests, rx
fourniers gangrene- dx, organism, rx, complications
Other Qs:
pneumoperitoneum x ray- c xray- air under the diagphragm- causes:ibd, necrotiz enterocolitis,
perforation
treatment
ETT- conditions used in? what used for?
hemmorrhoids-treatment? complications, stages
2 way folleys catheter- surgical operations used in, treatment?
achalasia- symptoms(dysphagia,chest pain,heart burn), treatment(hellors myotomy),
investigations (barium swallow, manometry, egd)

graves disease- investigations- t3,t4,cbc, radioactive scan, antibod

treat: radioacti iodine,propylthio, carbima, subtotal thyroidectomy
-40 year old female severe epigastric pain, vomiting fever. on exam guarding, and invest
tlc=13000, amylase= 3000
-dx= pancreatitis, most likely risk factor? complications
-x ray abd-erect and supine=obstruction
- abnormality? 3 possible causes? possible dx?
-41 year old female presents with restlessness, anxiety, weight loss, sweaty palms, on exam=
high bp and tachycardia
-dx? ix? medications? if med treatment fails what other treatments could be used?
-pic of forniers gangrene- complications, most probable organisms, treatment
-fracture x ray= 70 year old presents with left leg shortened and laterally rotated.- abnormaility?
how would u stabalize fracture? elective or emergency rx? complicaitnos? what are the surgical
options?
-air under diaphragm- 3 pathological causes? dx? what would u find on clincial exam?
-27 year old female presents with vomiting, abd distens and unable to open bowels. instruments
that you have are ett, ng tube, foleys catheter, iv cannula, and drip set.
-what is the dx? which instruments would be used in initial management?
-10 year old child, hx of rta, fell hit his head presented with bruise on the left tempral region,
father described him as having a brief episode of loss of consciouness.
-how would u assess the pt? what radiological modalitis can be used? extradural hematoma is
seen-what are the 2 signs on examining the pt? would this be elective or emergecny treatment?