Chapter 7

Threaded Joint:

Separable joint
Held together by threaded fastening( e.g : Bolts & Nuts)
Thread is basic element of joint
Used in mechanical assemblies

Types of Threaded Joint:

1. Bolted Joint
2. Screw Joint
3. Stud Joint
Screw Joint:

No nut
Screw is fitted into hole
Used for assemblies

Stud:

Threaded on both side

One side is joined by nut
Another side is fitted into hole

Advantage of Threaded Joint:

High clamping force

High tightening force
Small dimension & simple manufacture
Can be placed in any position due to self locking feature

Advantage of Coarse Threads:

Easier to cut
Less likely to seize during tightening
More even stress distribution

Advantage of Fine Threads:

Greater strength
Greater resistance to unscrewing

Tensile Stress Area:

It is seen that while testing that an unthreaded rod, having a diameter equal
to the mean of the major and minor dia of the threaded rod, has the same
tensile strength as the threaded rod. This area of unthreaded rod is known as
tensile stress area.
Stiffness of Component:
kb =

kb =

AE

Stiffness of Bolt:
d2 E
k b =(
)
4 l

Here,
d= Nominal dia of bolt
l= Total thickness of parts held by bolt
Combined Stiffness:
1 1 1
= +
kc k1 k2
Area Under the Grip of The bolt:
d
D

A=
4
Pre-load:

The initial tension that the bolt is subjected to, when the nut is initially
tightened, is known as pre-load
PB =Pi+ P
P b S yt
=
A FS

P=

kb
P
k b+k c

Torque Requirement for Bolt Tightening:

Gasketed joints are bolted with a specific Preload. Therefore we need

to know the torque requirement for creating this preload
1. Torque required to overcome thread friction and induce pre-load
M t=

Pi d m sec+tan

2
1sectan

For ISO Metric Screw thread,

M t=0.098 Pi d
As,
=30

=2.5
d m=0.9

2. Torque required to overcome

D
( 0+ Di)
2

P
M t (c) = i
2
For ISO threads,
M t (c) =0.105 P i d
Where,
D 0+ D i
1.4 d
2
Total torque:
M t (T )=M t +M t (t )
M t (T )=0.2 Pi d
Bolted Joint Under Fluctuating Load:

Endurance strength is the criterion of failure

In case of Engine:
2

Inertia Force , I max =m r [ cos +cos 2 /n1 ]

Here,
m= Mass of reciprocating parts
r= Crank Radius
=0.5 x Length of Stroke
n1 =

(Length of Connecting Rod) /(Crank Radius )

=2 n /60

If there are multiple bolts,

Forceacting on each bolt=

Total Force
No of bolts

Combined Stress:
Consideration:
1. The bracket and wall are rigid
2. Bolts are fitted in reamed and ground holes
3. There is no pre load in any bolt