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The Watchtower (ISSN 0043-1087) Issue 7
May 2016 is published monthly with an additional
issue published in January, March, May, July,
September, and November.
5 Druck und Verlag: Wachtturm Bibel- und
Traktat-Gesellschaft, Selters/Ts., V. i. S. d. P.
Manfred Steffensdorfer, Selters/Ts.
5 2016 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society
of Pennsylvania. Printed in Germany

  


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