Q)

D=2R = 20 m.

Hw = 6.3 m.

F`c = 42 mpa .

fo =1150 mpa .

fc = 10.5 mpa .

fs = 980 mpa .

Es = 21000 mpa .

Ec = 28000 mpa .

• P = 6.3*1000*10/1*106 = 0.063 mpa .

• As = p*R/fs = 0.063*10*106/980 = 64.28 cm2
• Ac = Fo/ fc = fo * As / fc =1150 * 64.28 / 10.5 = 7040.2 cm2
• Tw= Ac / 1000 =7040.2 /1000 = 7.05 cm
• Fc= -F/Ac + p *R/At = (fc * Ac / Tw*h) + (p*R /At) = -
(10.5*7040.2/7.05*1000)
+ (0.063*10*106 /(7.05*1000)+(1.33*7040.2) = 27.8 = +0.278 mpa
• N= Es / Ec = 1.33
• Assume m = 1.25 , ft = 0.08 f`c = 3.36 mpa >>>>>>>> As = m*p*R/(fo –
(ft/fc)*f o)*(1-n(fc/fo)
= 1020.34
• Ac = fo * As/fc = 111751.52 mm2
• Tw = Ac/1000…(h) = 111.7 mm = 11.1 cm  12 cm
• Fc = -F/Ac + p * R/At = -8.33 + 5.4 = -2.88 mpa = 28.8 kg cm 2
• Fc all = 0.25*f`c = 10.5 mpa
• Fc <fc all >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> OK .

H = 6.3 m .

D = 2R = 20 m .

Tw = 12 cm

• H2 / D*Tw = (6.3)2 / 20*0.12 ) = 16.54

• W = (0.12*1 m)(1)(2.5) =0.3 ton/m2
• Mc = 0.5 * w * h (h1) * (h/3) = 4.16 ton.m
• ρ = 0.85(f`c)/fs * [1-⎷1-(2.61fc*10⁵h*Mcd²)= 0.0082
• assume t = 8 cm
• own weight = 0.08*2.5 =0.2 ton/m2
• wl = 25 kg/cm2 = 250 N/mm2
 • ww = 75 kg/cm2 = 750 N/mm2
• w` = 70 kg/cm2 = 700 N/mm2
• W = 250+750+700+ 2000 = 3700 N/mm2
• Use w = 3700 N/mm2
• L = 10 m , D = 21 m , f= (D/5 – D/6) = D/6 = 20 / 6 = 3.333 cm2
• Use Ø 18mm  Ast = 2.54 cm2 , As = 111751.52 mm2
• # of bars = 11.175/2.54 =4.4  use 5 Ø18
• Spacing = 100/# of bars = 20 cm  use 1 Ø18/20 cm
• Secondary steel  As(min) = 0.0015 * 100 * 12 = 1.8
• Use Ø 12 mm  Ast = 1.13 cm2
• # of bars = 2 bars , spacing = 100/2 = 50 cm > S max

use 1 Ø12/35 cm

• R = L2 + f2/ 2f = (10)2 + (3.33)2 /2* 3.3 = 16.6 m

• Sin φ = L/R  φ =

• V = 2π* R*fw/2π * L = 20452.86 N/m = 20.45 kN/m

• H = v * cot φ = 20.45 *

• T = v / sin φ = 20.45/0.6 = 34 Kn/m

• W*R/2t = 0.383 mpa , w*R/t = 0.767 mpa

• ⎷max = v/b*h = 20450/1000*80 = 0.2556 mpa <1 mpa  OK

• As = T/fs = 34000/980 =346.9 mm2 = 3.5 cm2 , use Ø 10mm

• # of bars =4.46  use 5 , As min = 0.0015 * 100* 8 = 1.2

• As eff. = 3.5 > As min =1.2 

• Spacing = 100/5 = 20 cm , {max. spacing = 5*d =40 ,A unc. = 15d2

=960 }  OK .

RING BAN DESIGN 

H=
H total = D/2 * =

As = H total /fs =

 0.98= H total /Ac+(n-1)As  As = .

Prestressed concrete 

Fo = H total / 0.8 =

Asp = Fo /fs o =

Ac = Fo /fc=

Q)

P = 3900 KN

L = 30 M
Aps = 1500 mm2

F`c = 35 mpa

Fps = 1800 mpa

F o = 1100 mpa

Fse = 920 mpa

Ac = 510 cm2

N = Es/Ec = 207000/27600 = 7.5

• P = - F(1+n*p)= -(920*2500)[1+ (7.5*1500/51600) = 2801.45 KN

• ξ c = F o * L / Ec*Ac = [1100*1500]*30*1000]/(27600*51600) = 3.48 cm
creep = 1.5  34.757*1.5 = 52.14 mm2
• ξc = p/Ec*At  At = Ac +n*As = 62850 mm2  ξc = 280145*103 *30*103
/27600*62850
= 48.45 mm = 4.845 cm
• ξs = fse* L / Es = 138*30*103 /207000 = 133.33mm = 13.33 cm

Q)

• (t = 0.1m)

DL = 0.1(2.5) = 0.25 t/m3

LL = 0.1 t/m3

W SERVICE = DL + LL = 0.25 + 0.1 = 0.35 t/m3

0.35 * 10 m = 3.5 t/m = 350 kg/m

M = WL2 /8 = 567 t.m

P =M/H = 567/2 = 283.5 t

• P= - F(1 + n*P )
DESIGN  let Asp/Ac = 0.01
Assume beam (50 *60 )cm
283.5 * 104 = 920 * Aps (1+7.5*0.01)
Aps = 2866.5 mm2
Aps/Ac = 28.67/(50*60 – 28.67) = 0.0096488 <0.01  OK

Chose beam dimension (60*45)cm

28.67/(45*60 – 28.67) = 0.01073 > 0.01  Ok

• P= - F(1 + n*P )
283.5 * 104 =920 * Aps (1+7.5 [28.67/(45*60-28.67)]  Aps = 2727.614 mm2
= 27.28 cm2
P = 920 * 27.28 [1+7.5(28.67/(45*60-28.67)) = 2711.779 ton

• ξ = p * L /EC * At = 283.5*104 (36)*1000 / (27600*[45*60+7.5*27.28]) =

12.7309 mm
= 0.1231 cm
Fc = f o /Ac = 1100*27.28*100/[45*60 – 27.28]*100 = 11.2275 mpa
Fc all = 0.35 *f`c = 0.35*35 = 12.25 mpa
  SO SAFE IF fc<= Fc all ………………….  OK