Get ready for quick quiz on the Eye!

Do you hear what I hear?

Objective:
- describe the structure and function of the
parts of the human ear, including the pinna,
auditory canal, tympanum, ossicles, cochlea,
organ of Corti, auditory nerve, semicircular
canals and Eustachian tube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27a26e2
CnuM
Link not working
http://science.education.nih.gov/supplement
s/nih3/hearing/activities/lesson3.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flIAxGsV1
q0

You know the drill label it!

Then fill out the following table

Part of the Ear

Pinna
Auditory Ossicles
Cochlea
Eustachian tube
Eardrum (Tympanic
Membrane)
Semicircular canals
External Auditory Canal
Auditory Nerve
Organ of Corti

Function

Part of the Ear

Function

Pinna

External earflaps that funnels sound in the ear

Auditory Ossicles

Tiny bones that amplify sound in the middle ear

(malleus, incus, stapes)
Coiled structure of inner ear that responds to various sound waves
and converts them to nerve impulses (contain organ of Corti)

Cochlea

Eustachian tube
Eardrum (Tympanic
Membrane)
Semicircular canals

Air-filled tube of the middle ear that equalizes pressure between

the external and internal ear
Thin layer of tissue that vibrates in response to sound waves

External Auditory Canal

Fluid-filled structures within the inner ear that provide info about
dynamic equilibrium
Carries sound to eardrum

Auditory Nerve

Carries nerve impulse from the ear to the brain

Organ of Corti

Primary sound receptor in the cochlea

There are two main functions of the ear:

1 hearing

2 balance

The Ear can be divided into

3 sections:

Outer ear, middle ear and

inner ear

Sound waves are amplified by the auditory canal

Sound vibrates the ear drum or tympanic
membrane
Causes malleus, incus, and stapes (the ossicles)
to vibrate amplifying sound
Stapes hits oval window
and sends vibrations through
the cochlea

Sound movements cause fluid to move which

moves the basilar membrane on the top of
the scala tympani
Hairs on basilar membrane rub against the
tectorial membrane
Bending of hairs causes an
action potential !

Organ of Corti
Primary sound receptor in

the cochlea

Frequency registered at different spots along

the cochlea:
The lower the frequency the farther it travels

before the signal is received

High frequencies: at the front of the cochlea
Low frequencies: extend to the back of the
cochlea

music at sound levels that can pose risks to their hearing.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxcbppCX6R
k

What does it sound like when you lose these

higher frequencies?
Flinstones Hearing Loss Simulation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen

&v=TD5E88fFnxE&NR=1
Filtered sound:
http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/he
aring/activities/lesson3.htm

Conductive hearing sounds do not move

eardrum
Wax, punctured eardrum
Medical procedures fix this, hearing aid

Sensorineural loss - Auditory nerve damage, or

hair cell damage
Old age, loud noises, head trauma, genetic condition
Cochlear implant
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WA7k_UcWY&feature=player_embedded (watch the first 2
minutes)

Temporal
lobe
receives
stimulus
from
auditory
nerves.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AskAQw
OBvhc

 How your brain interprets visual information to keep

certain perceptions the same

You see the same colour despite changes in light
Note: Your retinas are detecting different colours, but your
brain is interpreting them as the same.
You know the colour of fruit
Is the same even if the light
changes throughout the day

List all the structures, in order, that sound

travels through to create the sensation of
hearing. (12!)

Pinna auditory canal tympanic

membrane ossicles (malleus, incus,
stapes) oval window cochlea
organ of corti hair cells auditory
nerve temporal lobe

Temporal
lobe
receives
stimulus
from
auditory
nerves.

1.
2.

Balance has two components :

Static
Dynamic
Static: one plane (horizontal or vertical)
Dynamic: info during movement

Vertical and horizontal

position
Utricle and the Saccule:
two fluid filled sacs
Cilia and otoliths (tiny
things like rocks) are found
in the gelatinous material
inside sacs
When you move your head
they move and create an APs

Detects movement along 3 axes

x, y and z
Three semi-circular canals
which are filled with fluid
Each have a pocket called an
ampulla which holds a cupula
The cupulas have hairs on them.
When the hairs bend they send information to
the cerebellum.
This is the source of motion sickness and dizziness
when you spin around.

Categorize the following structures of the

inner ear according to whether their function
relate to balance or hearing: organ of Corti,
cochlea, vestibule, saccule, ampulla,
semicircular canals, oval window and round
window

Reminder: Chapter 14 Test on Wednesday

Complete Chapter Questions for section 14.3

Quick Quiz 14.3 The Ear

Eye Dissection

Review for Test