You are on page 1of 9



   
n1

      

    

) (P2

n1

n2

n2

n1

) (P1

n2

) (P2 ) (P
1

) (P1

) (P2

    


)     (

    


)  (

   ! 

) (P

) (P

    

) (

) (P

    

   " #




    ! 

) ( 1

) ( 2

) ( 1

 &% 


) (P

 &%  '  


A

) (P

) ( 2

) ( 1

 &%    (%


) (P

d
R

) ( 2

) ( 1

) (

) (S

) (S

) (S

  &% 


) (

  &%  '  

  &%     #

) (

) (S
.

) (S




) (

) (S

01

MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

. R %1 2 .% !  %& 0' (S ) ax + by + cz + d = 0 : * (  P )


d (, (P )) :  6 (  S ) ( P )   
'  4
(S ) (P ) = {W } : d (, (P )) = R :  (S ) (P ) = : d (, (P )) R : 
(S ) (P ) = (C ) :
d (, (P )) R : 
( # ( ) ! P ) ?>@ > !   W . r %1 2 W .% %(( C ) ;<
r = R 2 d 2 : d 2 + r 2 = R 2 : 16 CD  %E  6 r A 

: ,-. # %&  * )(' : 1 "#

( p): 2x + 3y 2z 5 = 0
: *  G (  p ) #&
(S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2 x + 4 y 6 z 2 = 0
: ;< %& 0' ( S )
2
2
2
(S ) : x + y + z + 2 x + 4 y 6 z 2 = 0 :  4 : (S ) %& )(' %(/ 0-1 2%# 45
(S ) : (x 2 + 2 x + 1) + (y 2 + 4 y + 4) + (z 2 6 z + 9) = 16 :*( S ) : (x 2 + 2 x ) + (y 2 + 4 y ) + (z 2 6 z ) = 2 :*
2
2
2
R = 16 = 4 %1 2 ( 1;2;3) .% % 0' (S ) :( S ) : ( x + 1) + ( y + 2 ) + ( z 3) = 16
. d (; ( p )) ( &! <p ) ( S ) #6 ! HI ' 4
2( 1) + 3( 2 ) 2(3) 5
19
d = d (; ( p )) =
=
: 4
2
17
2 2 + 32 + ( 2 )
: (  p ) ( S )

(S ) ( p ) =

*

dR

19
2 : J<
17

:( 9 : ( 1 ; * <# ) *)# %&  * )(' : 2 "#


: *  G (  p ) #&
: ;< %& 0' (S )
: (S ) %& )(' %(/ 0-1 2%# 45
2
2
2
2
(S ) : (x 2 x ) + (y + 4 y ) + (z + 6 z ) = 11 : *( S ) : x + y 2 + z 2 2 x + 4 y + 6 z + 11 = 0 :  4
(S ) : (x 1)2 + ( y + 2)2 + (z + 3)2 = 3 : ( S ) : (x 2 2 x + 1) + (y 2 + 4 y + 4) + (z 2 + 6 z + 9) = 3 : *
R = 3 %1 2 (1;2;3) .% % 0' (S ) :
. d (; ( p )) ( &! <p ) ( S ) #6 ! HI ' 4

( p) : x + y + z + 1 = 0
(S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 x + 4 y + 6 z + 11 = 0

(1) + ( 2) + ( 3) + 1

3
= 3
:  4
3
12 + 12 + 12
: ( p ) ?>@ (1;2;3)  K ! A ;< A   (  ' p ) ( S ) * d = R J<
d = d (; ( p )) =

. (P ) ! P R (1;1;1) H N KO% A A (P ) : * A( , , ) % : A ? 9: 45


. + + + 1 = 0 : U A( , , ) (P ) -1
= k + 1
= k 2
= k 3

.
= 2
. = 1
= 2

*

*

1
1

= (1) + 1

= (1) 2
= (1) 3

+2
1

+3
1

= k /k R

:U 1 H N KO%


1

A + 2
+ 3

-2

W   k = 1 * 3k 3 = 0 :( k + 1) + (k 2) + (k 3) + 1 = 0 : *

(S ) ( p ) = {A(2;1;2)}
MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

02

( 2,1,2) ! A Y4<



: %A B;* < # %&  * )(' : 3 "#

( p ) : x + 2 y 2 z + 16 = 0
: *  G (  p ) #&
2
2
2
(S ) : x + y + z 2 x + 6 y + 10 z 46 = 0 : ;< %& 0' (S )
: (S ) %& )(' %(/ 0-1 2%# 45
2
2
2
2
(S ) : (x 2 x ) + (y + 6 y ) + (z + 10 z ) = 46 : *( S ) : x + y 2 + z 2 2 x + 6 y + 10 z 46 = 0 :  4
2
2
2
R = 9 %1 2 (1;3;5) .% % 0' (S ) : ( S ) : ( x 1) + ( y + 3) + ( z + 5) = 81 : *
. d (; ( p )) ( &! <p ) ( S ) #6 ! HI ' 4
(1) + 2( 3) 2( 5) + 16 21
d = d (; ( p )) =
=
= 7 :  4
2
3
12 + 2 2 + ( 2 )
: ( p ) ?>@ (1;3;5)    A .% (C ) %( (    p ) ( S ) * d R J<
. r %1 2
r = R d = 9 7 = 81 49 = 32 = 4 2 : CD  %E Z<  4 : r A
. (P ) ! P R (1;2;2) H N KO% A A (P ) : * A( , , ) % : A ? 9: 45
. + 2 2 + 16 = 0 : U A( , , ) (P ) -1
2

= k + 1
1
1

1 + 3 + 5

. = 2k 3 *
=
=
= k / k R :U 2 H N KO% A + 3 -2
1
2
2
= 2k 5
2
+ 5

16
k=
* 9k + 16 = 0 :( k + 1) + 2(2k 3) 2( 2k 5) + 16 = 0 : *
9
7 59 13
A ; ;
9
9 9

= 9
.
59
=
9

13

= 9

*

16
= 9 + 1

16
3
= 2
9

16
5
= 2
9

W  

r = 4 2 %1 2 A 7 ; 59 ; 13 .% %(( C ) ;< (S ) ( p ) = {(C )} : *

x = a t + b

y = a t + b t : !' >* DO   ( )


z = a t + b

x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + ax + by + cz + d = 0 : [   ! %& 0' (S )
x = a t + b
y = a t + b

: >A^ 6 (  S ) ) ( HO  A ]

z
=
a
t
+
b

x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + ax + by + cz + d = 0

: 6  t [ [A  D_ 4 #  ^ @>? 


(2@` ^< 4_ a ) (S ) ( ) = {A} : = 0 :  (S ) ( ) = : 0 : 
(#>< 4_ a ) (S ) ( ) = {A, B} : 0 : 
. ( )  > !' ^ D  ! K'  1 b  6 H   Y4< A 
MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

03




: ,-. # %& )(' C *  : 1 "#


x = 1 + 2t

y = 1+ t
z = 3 + t

: !' >* DO G (   1 ) % 


: ;< %& 0' (S )

(S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z + 4 = 0
x = 1 + 2t
y =1+ t

z = 3 + t
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z + 4 = 0

: >A^ 6 (  S ) ( 1 ) #6 ! HI ' 4

: *
(1 + 2 t )2 + (1 + t )2 + ( 3 + t )2 2 (1 + t ) + 4 ( 3 + t ) + 4 = 0
6 t + 2 t + 1 = 0 : *( 1 + 4 t + 4 t ) + (1 + 2 t + t ) + (9 6 t + t ) 2 2 t 12 + 4 t + 4 = 0 :
(S ) (1 ) = : (  1 ) ( S ) ^ <> O d  = * 200 : <
2

: *)# %& )(' C *  : 2 "#


x = 3t

y = 2
z = 2 + t

: !' >* DO G (   2 ) % 


: ;< %& 0' (S )

(S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z + 4 = 0
x = 3t
y = 2

z = 2 + t
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z + 4 = 0

: >A^ 6 (  S ) ( 2 ) #6 ! HI ' 4

(9t ) + (4) + (4 4t + t ) 4 8 + 4t + 4 = 0 : ( 3t ) + (2) + ( 2 + t )

2(2 ) + 4( 2 + t ) + 4 = 0 : *
t = 0 4<^ <^ O * 
t = 0 : 10t 2 = 0
: *
t = 0 ['
(  ! )  '4< (   !  2 ) ( S ) *

*

(S ) ( 2 ) = {D(0;2;2)}

x = 3 (0 ) = 0

y = 2
z = 2 + (0 ) = 2

:  UG Y4<

: * <# %& )(' C *  : 3 "#

(S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z 1 = 0 :;< %& 0' (S )


x = 1 + 2t
y = 1+ t

z = 3 + t
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 y + 4 z 1 = 0

t2

x = 1 + 2t

y = 1+ t
z = 3 + t

:!' >* DO G (   3 ) % 

: >A^ 6 (  S ) ( 3 ) #6 ! HI ' 4

: *
(1 + 2t )2 + (1 + t )2 + ( 3 + t )2 2 (1 + t ) + 4 ( 3 + t ) 1 = 0
2
2
2
2
= 1 4(3)( 2) = 1 + 24 = 25 = 5 : <3t + t 2 = 0 6t + 2t 4 = 0 :
1+ 5
4
2
t = 1 5 = 1 ;< t2 t1 #>< ^O * 
=
=
=
6

t2 =

2
3

x
(S) (3) =H(1;0;4), K 7;5; 7
3 3 3 y

t1 = 1

4
7
2
= 1 + 2 = 1 +
=
3
3
3

5
2
= 1+ =
3
3

7
2
z = 3 + =
3
3

MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

[' #  ! (  3 ) ( S ) *

04

:t =

2
 xy

= 1 + 2 ( 1 ) = 1 2 = 1
= 1 + ( 1 ) = 0

: t = 1 

z = 3 + ( 1 ) = 4




x = a t + b

ax + by + cz + d = 0 : * (  P ) y = a t + b t : !' >* DO   ( )


z = a t + b

K'  _*   !  O e %


: E:,#
. (P ) ! P R n ( ) *_ O e u #&
: ( ) // (P ) : : u.n = 0 : ( a
( ) (P ) = : : : A (P ) g ( ) ( P ) = ( ) : : A (P ) : g  ) ( # A  GNf
x = a t + b
y = a t + b

z = a t + b
ax + by + cz + d = 0

: >A <^ A  Y4< K'( <; P ) ( ) = {A} : : u.n 0 : ( b


: C *   F5  *: 1 "#

x = 2 + 2t

y = 3
z = 2t

: !' >* DO G (   ) ( p ) : 2 x + 3 y 2 z 5 = 0 : *  G (  p ) #&

( ) *_ O e u (2 : 0 : 2)

( p ) ! P R n(2;3;2) :  4
( ) ( p ) (  ) ( p ) ^ . ( ) (  p ) * u.n = (2)(2) + (0)(3) + (2)( 2) = 0 :  4
. A(0;3;2) ( ) * t = 1 #& . ( ) #  GNf
( p ) ( ) = ( ) : (  ) ( p ) : A ( p ) * 2(0) + 3(3) 2(2) 5 = 9 4 5 = 0  4 : A ( p ) ^
:,-. # C *   * : 2 "#
x = 2 + 3t

y = 6
z = 3t

: !' >* DO G (   ) ( p ) : x + 2 y z 4 = 0 : *  G (  p ) #&

( ) *_ O e u (3 : 0 : 3) ( p ) ! P R n(1;2;1) :  4


( ) ( p ) (  ) ( p ) ^ . ( ) (  p ) * u.n = (3)(1) + (0)(2) + (3)( 1) = 0 :  4
( 2) + 2(6) (0) 4 = 2 + 12 4 = 6 0 B ( p ) ^ B( 2;6;0) ( ) * t = 0 #& . ( ) #  GNf
( p ) ( ) = : ( ) (  p ) : B ( p ) *
:( 1 B;* < # C *   * : 3 "#
x = t

y = t
z = 8 + t

: !' >* DO G (   ) ( p ) : 2 x + 3 y z + 4 = 0 : *  G (  p ) #&

( ) *_ O e u (1 : 1 : 1) ( p ) ! P R n(2;3;1) :  4


  ( ) (   p ) * u.n = (1)(2) + (1)(3) + (1)( 1) = 4 0 :  4
x = t

: y = t

2(t ) + 3(t ) (8 + t ) + 4 = 0

( p ) ( ) = {C (1;1;9)} *
MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

z = 8 + t
2 x + 3 y z + 4 = 0

x = t = 1

y = t =1
z = 8 + t = 9

05

: >A  t ['

: 4A b  6 t = 1 * 4t 4 = 0 :



x = a t + b

ax + by + cz + d = 0 : * (  P ) y = a t + b t : !' >* DO   ( )


z = a t + b

: (P ) ^  '! ) ( !   D > z y x b  6 (  P ) ) ( #6 ! HI  A ]


: at = b : ^&R #  ^ @>? 
( ) (  P ) : b = 0 a = 0 : 
. ( ) (   P ) : b 0 a = 0 : 
t=

b
['( ) (     P ) : a 0 : 
a

!P@* e n ax + by + cz + d = 0 : * (  P )
!P@* e n a x + by + c z + d = 0 : * (  P )
: ;< k !< 4@ 4_  N O% n n /1
a b c
= = = k ) c = kc b = kb a = ka
a b c

(P ) (P ) = (P ) : : ( d = k ) d = kd 
d
d
. (P ) (P ) = : : ( k ) d kd 
d
!' >* DO A (     ) (  P ) ( P ) : N O% %C n n /2
ax + by + cz + d = 0
: # ^ _> 6

a x + by + c z + d = 0

(P ) // (P ) : (

.[ A G d46 #  # [A A  Y K' 6 *` O^ A 4< gD 6 j
: (
# 5* # : 1 "#

( p2 ) : 4 x + 6 y 8 z + 10 = 0 ( p1 ) : 2 x 3 y + 4 z 5 = 0 : ;< (  p2 ) ( p1 ) #&


. ZO%  ( @>? p2 ) ( p1 )  P ea n2 ( 4;6;8) n1 (2;3;4) :  4
4 6 8
=
=
= 2 : 4
2
3 4
( p1 ) ( p2 ) = ( p1 ) . ( p2 ) ( p1 ) * 10 = 2  4
5

^    . (  p2 ) ( p1 )  N O% n2 n1 *

:,-. # 5* # :2 "#

( p2 ) : 21x + 15 y 12 z + 1 = 0 ( p1 ) : 7 x + 5 y 4 z 5 = 0 : ;< (  p2 ) ( p1 ) #&


. ZO%  ( @>? p2 ) ( p1 )  P ea n2 (21;15;12) n1 (7;5;4) :  4
21 15 12
= =
= 3 :  4
7
5
4
1
3  4
. ( p1 ) ( p2 ) = (  p2 ) ( p1 ) *
5

^    . (  p2 ) ( p1 )  N O% n2 n1 *

MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

06




: C * # B;* < # 5* # : 3 "#

( p2 ) : 2 x + 3 y 2 z 5 = 0 ( p1 ) : x + 2 y z 4 = 0 : ;< (  p2 ) ( p1 ) #&


. ZO%  ( @>? p2 ) ( p1 )  P ea n2 (2;3;2) n1 (1;2;1) :  4
( )    (   p2 ) ( p1 )  N O% %C n2 n1 *
2 x + 3 y = 2 z + 5... 1
2 x + 3 y 2 z 5 = 0
: *

x + 2 y = z + 4.... 2
x + 2 y z 4 = 0

. x = z 2 4A : HA6

2 3
:  4
1 2

: >A^ 6 !' >* DO A 

2 x + 3 y = 2 z + 5
y = 3 : y = 3 : HA6

2 x 4 y = 2 z 8
4 x + 6 y = 4 z + 10
2 x + 3 y = 2 z + 5... 2
*
:  4

3x 6 y = 3z 12
x + 2 y = z + 4.... 3

x = t 2
( ) : y = 3 t : ;<
z = t

( p1 ) ( p2 ) = ( ) : *

z = t %

: #Ok #' >[ D 6 % (   2 ) ( 1 )


x = a1t + a1
x = at + a

ZO%  _[[ @>? O e u u ( 2 ) : y = b1t + b1 (1 ) : y = bt + b


z = c t + c
z = ct + c
1
1

(1 ) #

A  GNf

. (1 ) // ( 2 ) : N O% u u /1


. (1 ) ( 2 ) = : : : A ( 2 ) g ( 1 ) ( 2 ) = (1 ) : A ( 2 ) : g 
. "  #  (   !  2 ) ( 1 ) : N #O% %C u u /2
at + a = a1 + a1
.DD  <  #> #  Y [>< A :6  #   l bt + b = b1 + b1 : >A^ 6 
ct + c = c + c
1
1

( Z'^ D  ! K' ^ b  6 [OY4< A (   !  )  2 ) ( 1 ) : DD   < 


. "  #  ( 2 ) ( 1 ) : [  d  
: (
# * #: 1 "#
x = 4 7
( 2 ) : y = 6 14
z = 4 9

x = 2t + 1
(1 ) : y = 3t 2 : #Ok #' >[ D 6 % (   2 ) ( 1 ) #&
z = 2t 1

. ZO%  ( @>? 2 ) ( 1 )   _* e u 2 ( 4;6;4) u1 (2;3;2) :  4


^    . (  2 ) ( 1 )  N O% u 2 u1 *

4 6 4
=
=
= 2 :  4
2
3
2

A ( 2 ) ^ . A(1;2;1) (1 ) * t = 0 #& . (1 ) #  GNf

(1 ) ( 2 ) = (1 ) * (  2 ) ( 1 ) A ( 2 )
MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

07

= 2
1 = 4 7

* = 2 2 = 6 14 : >A^ 6 
= 2
1 = 4 9




: :,-. # 5*# * #: 2 "#


x = 2 + 4
x = t + 4

( 2 ) : y = 4 + 1 ( 1 ) : y = 2t + 5 :#' >[ D 6 % (   2 ) ( 1 ) #&


z = 4 + 7
z = 2t + 3

. ZO%  ( @>? 2 ) ( 1 )   _* e u 2 ( 2;4;4) u1 ( 1;2;2) :  4


2 4 4
= =
= 2 :  4
1 2 2
* t = 0 #& . (1 ) #  GNf

^    . (  2 ) ( 1 )  N O% u 2 u1 *


. A(4;5;3) (1 )

A ( 2 ) ^
= 0
4 = 2 + 4

( 2 ) ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) * = 1 5 = 4 + 1 : >A^ 6 


= 1
3 = 4 + 7

(1 ) ( 2 ) = *

:* <# * #: 3 "#


x = 3 2
( 2 ) : y = + 5
z = 2 + 6

x = 2t + 2
(1 ) : y = 2t + 1 : #Ok #' >[ D 6 % (   2 ) ( 1 ) #&
z = t + 3

. ZO%  ( @>? 2 ) ( 1 )   _* e u 2 ( 3;1;2) u1 (2;2;1) :  4


. "  #  (   2 ) ( 1 )  N #O% %C u 2 u1 *
2t + 3 = 4

2t = 4
t 2 = 3

3 1
:  4
2
2

2t + 2 = 3 2

: >A^ 6 
2t + 1 = + 5
t + 3 = 2 + 6

2t + 3 = 4...(1)

2t = 4.....(2)

: >A^ 6 

= 2 * 4 = 8
: 4A %6
2t + 3 = 4...( 1)
2t + 3 = 4
*

2t = 4.....( 3)
6t 3 = 12
. t = 1
* 8t = 8
:4A HA6
{t = 1; = 2}
(1) 2( 2 ) = 1 + 4 = 3 : 4A DD !  b  6
(4;3;2) (     2 ) ( 1 ) : DD{ <  t = 1; = 2}  6
(1 ) ( 2 ) = {(4;3;2)} *
x = 3( 2) 2 = 4
x = 2(1) + 2 = 4

. y = ( 2) + 5 = 3
y = 2(1) + 1 = 3 : a
z = 2( 2) + 6 = 2
z = (1) + 3 = 2

MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

08




:  *I.1 #  * #: 4 "#


x = + 2
( 2 ) : y = 2 + 1
z =

x = 2t + 1
(1 ) : y = 3t 2 : #Ok #' >[ D 6 % (   2 ) ( 1 ) #&
z = t 1

2
3

:  4 .ZO%  ( @>? 2 ) ( 1 )   _* e u 2 ( 1;2;1) u1 (2;3;1) :  4


1
2
. "  #  (   2 ) ( 1 )  N #O% %C u 2 u1 *

2t + = 1

3t 2 = 3 :
t = 1

2t + 1 = + 2

3t 2 = 2 + 1 : >A^ 6 
t 1 =

6t + 3 = 3
2t + = 1...( 3)
*
: >A^ 6 

6t 4 = 6
3t 2 = 3..( 2)
= 9 : = 9 : HA6
2t + = 1...( 2)
4t + 2 = 2
:

3t 2 = 3..( 1)
3t 2 = 3
t = 5 : 4A HA6

. {t = 5; = 9}
(5) ( 9) = 5 + 9 = 4 1 4A DD !  b  6
"  #  ( 2 ) ( 1 ) : DD{    t = 5; = 9}  6
(1 ) ( 2 ) =

9594 %E*1
MEBARKI2016/TEL: 0790918876

09




You might also like