Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Skowronski
Mr.
Padgett
English
102-125
Are
the
chemicals
in
tap
water
dangerous?
Inquiry:
What
are
the
adverse
effects
of
chemicals
found
in
tap/bottled
water?
Proposed
Thesis:
The
chemicals
found
in
tap/bottled
water
serve
a
purpose
but
in
large
quantities
can
cause
serious
health
problems.
Jiang,
Shoufang,
et
al.
"Fluoride
And
Arsenic
Exposure
Impairs
Learning
And
Memory
And
Decreases
Mglur5
Expression
In
The
Hippocampus
And
Cortex
In
Rats."
Plos
ONE
9.4
(2014):
1-10.
Academic
Search
Complete.
Web.
4
Feb.
2016.
This
journal
article
introduced
the
claims
against
the
inorganic
compounds
found
in
tap
water,
fluoride
and
arsenic
in
particular,
and
the
potential
negative
side
effects
they
cause.
The
research
team
then
introduced
their
experiment
and
how
they
would
be
testing
the
effects
fluoride
and
arsenic
have
on
the
Hippocampus
and
learning/memory.
There
experiment
was
administered
to
rats
and
there
were
three
groups: group one received fluoride only tap water, the second group received
arsenic
only
tap
water,
and
the
third
group
received
both.
Each
of
the
three
groups
were
to
drink
that
tap
water
for
three
months
and
were
tested
throughout
that
time
span.
The
researchers
found
that
those
rats
that
received
the
chemicals
did
show
a
decline
in
learning
and
memory.
This
seems
to
be
a
pretty
sound
bit
of
information,
and
I
could
easily
use
it
in
my
paper
to
show
the
affects
of
fluoride
and
arsenic
in
rats.
This
would
be
vital
because
it
is
not
ethical
to
test
potentially
hazardous
substances
on
humans
and
the
animal
model
is
the
only
way
scientists
can
see
what
the
effects
are.
Barrett,
Julia
R.
"Arsenic
Exposure
And
The
Western
Diet."
Environmental
Health
Perspectives
124.2
(2016):
A39.
Academic
Search
Complete.
Web.
25
Feb.
2016.
In
this
experiment
the
researchers
tested
various
levels
of
arsenic
on
rats,
they
also
fed
the
rats
a
diet
that
would
be
the
rat
equivalent
of
a
western
diet,
or
a
diet
that
was
high
in
fats.
The
rats
experienced
all
kinds
of
health
problems
as
an
effect
of
their diet mixed with the arsenic. This is extremely important information to
incorporate
into
my
paper
because
although
this
is
an
animal
model
the
information
can
still
be
applied
to
humans.
Choi, Anna L., et al. "Association Of Lifetime Exposure To Fluoride And Cognitive
Functions In Chinese Children: A Pilot Study." Neurotoxicology & Teratology
47.(2015): 96-101. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Feb. 2016.
The research team found inhabitants of a rural town in China that have been exposed to a
significantly high level of fluoride in their well water. The researchers had various levels
in the experiment and all of the children were tested using various different cognitive
tests to see the impact of different levels of fluoride on the developing mind. The
researchers also took samples of the levels of fluoride present in their bodies and a
sample of the well water from each of their homes to compare the children to other
children in the experiment within the same fluoride ranges. This information is important
because this is the only way researchers can test the actual impact of fluoride on the
human mind in an ethical manner, because it is against all standards of ethics to actually
implement hazardous conditions on people.
"Technical Fact Sheet: Final Rule for Arsenic in Drinking Water." EPA. United States
Government, Jan. 2001. Web. Feb. 2016.
<http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPdf.cgi?Dockey=20001XXE.txt>.
The EPA published this information to the public in 2002, it stated that the regulation for
arsenic was going to decreased, meaning that there would be significantly less arsenic
present in the water sources of over a million residents of the US. Arsenic is found in
various forms of poison, and ranked rather high in tap water related deaths. They went
over what that meant and who it would affect, and what potentially beneficial outcomes
could follow with the decreased levels of arsenic exposure, for example a smaller risk for
certain forms of cancer as well as a lower risk for various other diseases. This
information is important because it is a government source that recognizes that these
chemicals are bad for human consumption.
Novkov, Jaroslava, et al. "Lifetime Exposure To Low Doses Of Lead In Rats: Effect
On Selected Parameters Of Carbohydrate Metabolism." Toxicology & Industrial
Health 31.5 (2015): 448-458. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Feb. 2016.
This study tested the effects of nonlethal doses of lead in the water of rats during the
duration of their life. Their findings suggested that with the incorporation of lead in the
water, even at levels that were not necessarily lethal, there were significant changes to the
life expectancy of these rats as well as their body weight and various other aspects of
their lives. This is important because it shows that there is a significant link between
levels of lead, even at small doses, and the life expectancy and health of these animals.
Which can in turn be used to show the impact of lead on humans as well.
Murai, Iori, et al. "Effects Of High Potassium Chloride Supplementation On Water Intake
And Bodyweight Gains In Pregnant And Lactating Mice." Animal Science
Journal 84.6 (2013): 502-507. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
This experiment was done on pregnant and nursing mother rats, they administered levels
of potassium chloride in the water of these animals, the results show that there is a
significant link between potassium chloride and body weight issues and hydration. This is
important for my stance on my paper because it involves the affects of the compound and
it is a component commonly found in various forms of human drinking water.
I
really
liked
all
of
the
articles
you
used
for
this
bibliography!
I
think
all
of
them
will
be
useful
when
doing
your
research
paper.
Maybe
add
a
little
more
background
information
of
the
studiesthe
beginning
of
each
paragraph
sounds
a
little
similar
like
this
study.
Maybe
add
who
the
study
was
done
by
or
something
like
that.
Also,
perhaps
you
can
add
more
information
in
your
paragraphs
because
it
seems
like
you
are
rushing
through
the
information.
Other
than
that,
it
was
a
great
information
for
your
topic!