Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Instruction and
Student Learning
Kate Sims
Final review and report of instruction and learning of Spanish Level 3 Unit 3.2, Lincoln North
Star High. Supervised by Marcie Castillo.
I student taught at Lincoln North Star High School. This is an incredibly diverse school,
both culturally and socioeconomically. The diversity creates challenges in some ways,
but it also lends itself to the need and study of foreign language. It is also fun and
informative for both teachers and students.
The class I have selected for my final project at North Star is Spanish Level 3 Period 8.
This is a class with sophomores and juniors. 23 total students: 10 students are white,
4 African American, 5 Asian, and 4 Hispanic. 2 students have IEPs that require
accommodations but not modifications: 1 has autism and 1 has reading difficulties,
but this student is a heritage Spanish speaker, and has very few problems reading in
Spanish. I used this breakdown of student diversity to plan instruction that would
include and not distract. I also made sure to use strategies and materials that
provided accommodations required by IEP.
Gifted Students
Special Education
Students
Ethnically Diverse
Students
ELL Students
The unit for Spanish 3 that I have designed and taught is Unit 3.2. The main theme of the unit is Social
Awareness, and the vocabulary reflects that. The main grammatical concepts center on an introduction to
Present Subjunctive. This concept is literally foreign to English speakers. We have subjunctive, but we
rarely study it and most English speakers dont use it correctly anyway. Its frustrating to English-speakers
learning Spanish because were convinced we dont need it. On the contrary, in Spanish the subjunctive has
several uses in normal conversation and writing. As this is a difficult concept to swallow for students,
teachers and curriculum typically break up all of the uses into small chunks so that students dont revolt. In
this unit, subjunctive is explained simply as a verb mood used when there is doubt that something may not
happen or someone may not do something. This is first introduced with the use of impersonal phrases (It is
important that, It is sad that, It is a good idea that, etc.) After students have this general idea and
learn how to conjugate subjunctive in present tense, irregular verbs in the subjunctive, stem-changing
verbs, and more exceptions to the rule have to be explained. Thats when things get interesting.
The planning of this unit had to be strategic in how the concepts were introduced as one added on to
another, and as not to give too much information to confuse or overwhelm the students. All of these
concepts are laid out in guided notes so that we can go through them one step at a time. It also supports
our students on IEPs. After each section there is time to practice and review with different activities.
Activity
Used Chromebooks
to create Google
slides for vocabulary
Learning Styles
Spatial, Interpersonal
Groupings
Solo, Entire Class
Logical, Verbal
Solo, Partner
Logical, Verbal
Questioning
What represents your
vocabulary words?
What will help you
remember?
What sentence can use
your vocab word? What
could a test/quiz
question look like with
your vocab word?
What looks like
something weve
learned before?
concepts
Did You Get It?
Worksheets
Checking worksheets
in class
Logical, Verbal
Solo
Interpersonal
Auditory, Verbal,
Kinesthetic
Matamoscas/Bowling
Game
Movie Casi Casi
about a school
election in Puerto
Rico
Spinners game on
board to practice
subjunctive
Kinesthetic, Auditory
Large Groups
Auditory, Spatial
Entire Class
Practiced
conjugating
subjunctive on little
white boards
Apples to Apples:
Students create
advice for their given
issue on all teams
choose best option
Verbal, Intrapersonal
Verbal, Auditory,
Interpersonal
Verbal, Intrapersonal,
Logical
Kinesthetic, Auditory
Pairs or Group of 3
Spatial
Small Groups
Logical, Interpersonal
Entire Class
3
practice on white
boards
The planning of this unit had to be strategic in how the concepts were introduced as one added on to
another, and as not to give too much information to confuse or overwhelm the students. All of these
concepts are laid out in guided notes so that we can go through them one step at a time. It also supports
our students on IEPs. After each section there is time to practice and review with different activities.
Several different assessment strategies were used to gauge student understanding and progress within the
learning targets. Worksheets and redo-worksheets were used to assess general understand. Writing,
presenting, and evaluating presidential debates were used to assess use of subjunctive in context. Vocab
game informally assessed and helped review this units vocabulary. Two quizzes, one for vocab and one for
subjunctive, helped to steer teaching, activities, and review. All-class conjugating on white boards helped
to informally assess knowledge of regulars, irregulars, GO verbs, stems changers, and spelling changes
within conjugation of present subjunctive. Final learning was measured with a summative test.
Assessment Strategy
Cream Worksheet
Did You Get It?
Presidential Debate
Writing
Vocabulary Game
Mata Moscas
Learning Objective
Conjugate Regular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
Recognize endings for
present subjunctive,
conjugate for present
subjunctive, and create
sentences with present
subjunctive. (All regular
verbs)
Create sentences that
use present subjunctive
in context with correct
format
Learn and Correctly Use
Unit Vocabulary in
Context
4
Formal/Informal
Formal
Example Location
Formal
A2
Informal
No Document
A1
Learning Logs-Exit
Ticket
Vocabulary Quiz
Spinners Game on
Board
Irregulars
Worksheet
Subjunctive Quiz
Recall vocabulary
General feeling and
possible issues with
start of new unit
Informal
Informal
A3
A4
(Picture Below)
Understand necessary
parts of a subjunctive
sentence, Conjugate
verbs correctly for
present subjunctive
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
Verbs, and Irregular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
Formal
A5
Formal
A6
Whole-Class
Whiteboard Review
Informal
Show knowledge of
subjunctive basics and
general concept.
Conjugate regular and
irregular verbs in
present subjunctive.
Learn and Correctly Use Formal
Unit Vocabulary in
Context
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
Verbs, and Irregular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
Create sentences that
use present subjunctive
in context with correct
format
Recall vocabulary and
use in context.
Conjugate verbs for
present subjunctive
within the context of
written sentences.
Write a paragraph using
knowledge of present
subjunctive and
sentence formatting.
Use prior knowledge to
expand on paragraph
and follow general
grammar rules.
No Document
A7
Conjugation
Sentences/Context
A4-Spinners Game
Assessment Strategy
Cream Worksheet
Did You Get It?
Presidential Debate
Writing
Vocabulary Game
Mata Moscas
Learning Objective
Results
(Applicable Graphs)
Recall vocabulary
Learning Logs-Exit
Ticket
Vocabulary Quiz
Spinners Game on
Board
Conjugate Regular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
Understand necessary
parts of a subjunctive
sentence, Conjugate
verbs correctly for
present subjunctive
Irregulars
Worksheet
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
9
Subjunctive Quiz
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
Verbs, and Irregular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
Whole-Class
Whiteboard Review
Show understanding of
conjugation rules,
ability to conjugate
regular and irregular
verbs for present
subjunctive, and create
sentences that use
subjunctive.
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
Verbs, and Irregular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
19 of 23 students got a
B or higher on this quiz.
All concepts were
quizzed, but there were
not as many irregular
verbs on quiz, as wed
just completed that
concept in class. This
says that students are
able to take on new
concepts in regard to
subjunctive and build
upon them. Based off
question answers, we
will spend most of our
time reviewing and
practicing irregular,
stem-changer, and GO
verbs before the test.
This final review
seemed to confirm
students had spent time
learning all the
objectives, and while
they still made mistakes
and some did better
than others, they would
be able to expand their
knowledge of the
content and continue to
build upon it after
taking the unit test.
Letter Grades:
A-3
B-9
C-5
D-4
F-2
Conjugate Regular,
Stem-Changer, GO
Verbs, and Irregular
Verbs for Present
Subjunctive Mood
11
20
19
17
16 16
15
15 15
13
14
13
18
13
28
25 25
25
22
30
28
29
27
25
28
22
19
12
30 30
15
13
14
15
16
16
14
12
15
13
16
14
16 16
16
15
14
13
12
10
7
20
21
25 25
24
24 24
23
22
21
18
13
19
19
25
24
22
23
21
70
66 65
62
66
69
56
51
46
67
61
48
20
14
80
79
78
68
64
62
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I was worried at the beginning of this unit, because I knew that Spring Break would fall in the middle of it. However, it
didnt seem to affect the student learning as much as I thought it might, and the start and end dates worked well with
the break. Students had a week and a half to be introduced to the information of the unit in a basic way. We spent a day
introducing the new unit vocabulary and creating slides for each work on one Google Doc. Students really like the
opportunity to be on the computer for a while and it saves the teacher from having to make a time-consuming
presentation. Usually the students use their humor and the class gets a laugh and perhaps a way to remember the words
better. After vocabulary, we used two days to introduce the present subjunctive and work on worksheets in class and out
to really practice what we learned. I spent a day longer on the beginning of subjunctive than expected to complete
more practice and review, as students questioned and pushed back more than expected. We spent more time
practicing together and going over work in class than I originally planned. The Did You Get It? Worksheet was used
as a more informal assessment during this time, showing that we were on our way, but the subjunctive was going to
take longer than other concepts to show great progress. Data is shown in Graph 1.
We started a new week by putting the subjunctive into context in a real way. Students were taxed with creating their
own presidential campaign or debate speech. This fit into the practice of subjunctive because students had learned
subjunctive was used with impersonal phrases like Es importante que and Es buena idea que That way, a majority
of their speech could practice subjunctive as they told others, Its important that we protect the environment. The
students were able to spend three days writing and completing their first debate. I also added vocabulary review and
games to these days so students wouldnt forget what theyd learned. Students took their first quiz on one of the work
days for this debate project. With some explanation (there were some uncommon phrases used that needed to be
defined) students did well on the quiz, as shown in collected data in Graph 3. I like what this debate project
incorporated, and that they could use both vocabulary and grammar that wed been studying. Overall, students ended
up having fun with this project and became more comfortable with all the learning objectives without thinking too
much about the difficulty. They received good marks, overall, and all participated in the debates and presidential
election. This brought us to Spring Break.
When students returned from break, we spent a fun day reviewing with a game called Spinners. This was an informal
assessment that was good for review and also to see where we were at after break. Students had not completely
forgotten everything wed learned thankfully, and the game was a good design to incorporate most of what wed
covered so far in regard to subjunctive. For a couple days during the week we added to what wed learned so far about
subjunctive. This was the introduction to stem-changing verbs, GO verbs, and irregulars. We completed more notes,
practiced with worksheets, and all class review. I used a difficult worksheet to assess more informally how students
were doing with the new rules for all the new rules theyd learned.
15
It was definitely a mix of success and confusion. It confirmed the level of difficulty, and made it clear that this week
would be a subjunctive week, overall. Besides worksheets, notes, and group practice with whiteboards, one day we
played a game akin to Apples to Apples. In groups, students created answers to prompts, typically a problem that
someone was having like Adams girlfriend wont call him back after an argument they had. What should he do?
Students could then answer using present subjunctive in the format they had learned with impersonal phrases. This was
our last review before the students had a subjunctive specific quiz at the end of the week. The quiz showed great results,
and let me know that we should be on track to take the final unit test at the end of the next week. Students got to
celebrate the end of the week with that start of movie about a school presidential election in Puerto Rico. Its super
cheesy and you get to laugh a lot.
The last week before the test, we spent one day reading an article and writing advice in the perspective of Colombians,
Americans, Panamanians, and the French. The article centered on history in relation to the Panama Canal and all of the
players involved. Students were able to practice their reading skills at an appropriate level and write using the format of
present subjunctive theyd been learning. The last days were used to review all that wed learned over the unit in
different ways. We played Slap Jack and Pictionary for vocabulary practice. It seemed to be going well, so we could
move on to subjunctive review. We spent some time correcting and finishing homework that involved the subjunctive.
We also reviewed together as a class over the rules of the subjunctive, and especially the irregular forms we had
learned. This was a bit of a speed drill and seemed to go very well, overall. We continued with our plan of taking the
test on the last day of the week and not reviewing any longer.
16
Activity
Modifications
What Modification
Does to Improve
Learning
-Students have to
create using new info
& it helps them
remember it.
-It puts vocab into
context, which helps
practice other
aspects of Spanish
besides vocab and
remember new info
Created fill-in-the-blank
questions for vocabulary
-Use more
examples
-Use more time to
complete
-Use as flash cards
to practice vocab
-Guidelines for
good questions
I wouldnt
necessarily modify
these, except to
keep making the
notes as concise
and pertinent as
possible
None
-Possibly create my
17
own worksheets in
the same
style/format as the
test questions
18
-Students have a
chance to reflect and
look back at what
theyve been doing,
possibly what they
felt about it and how
they feel now
difference
between what I
see in the
assessments
leading up to the
test and what I
actually see on the
final unit test. I
want to make sure
it isnt because of
inconsistency with
the practice and
the evaluation.
-The difficult part
was the students
werent used to
doing this and
many did not have
work ready to be
checked.
-Must become a
habit.
-Students that did
complete work
were helped by
this activity.
Vocabulary Quiz
-Create my own
vocab quiz that
resemble
format/style of
final test
-Help students
prepare and not
allow format or more
difficult vocab from
the book affect grade
Political Project-Presidential
Debate
-Just more
polished
-More specific
requirements
-Spend more time
and really play it
up
Matamoscas/Bowling Game
No modifications,
super fun
19
-Students were in
teams, but had to
individually write out
subjunctive
sentences based on
where the spinners
landed for each
sentence part. Then,
a number was called
to say which person
on the team would
be responsible for the
completed sentence.
Students were able to
practice writing
-Students thought
this quiz was too
hard until I gave
them a few tips
about phrases they
hadnt seen much
-It worked well
how it was, and the
students had some
fun giving their
speeches and
voting
-I would just
modify bit by bit
and make it even
better
It works well,
because you get to
study and not
necessarily feel like
you are practicing
grammar.
This was
something fun to
do little by little
that was related to
our unit vocabulary
and the debate
project we did
Practiced conjugating
subjunctive on little quite
boards
Subjunctive Quiz
-Add more
questions for
irregular
conjugations
-Create more of a
TPRS situation with
this reading so it is
coupled with
obvious context
20
sentences and
subjunctive
conjugation. They
learned repeatedly
the sentence format
for impersonal
phrase+subjunctive.
-This was a major
learning objective
and sometimes when
you complete tasks as
a whole class
questions come up
that wouldnt
normally. You can
actually know that
every student is
practicing.
-Students can then
see the connection to
their learning
objectives
-Students can focus
on their advice being
given in the correct
format
Seemed to be fine
with students.
They knew they
needed the
practice, but I think
they wouldve had
more fun in game
format or using
technology.
clues.
-Create a new
document or set of
directions with
examples of advice
in the students
given perspective
-Timers!
sentences (advice)
that use the present
subjunctive
-Pretty typical, no
modifications
Final Test
-I dont think
there was
21
necessarily
anything wrong
with this test.
-Overall, I think
Id like to go
toward ways of
testing that truly
tell what a
student has
learned: a project
or a longer piece
of writing in class
that uses the
concepts theyd
learned.
learning objectives
in one way or all
together at the
same time would
show truer
evidence of
learning versus
recall and
memorization.
I really liked this unit, and I was mostly pleased with the results. However, I still have aspects that Id
change or get rid of all together. Overall, data showed improvement after each assessment, but the final
test grades were lower than expected. This is the biggest inconsistency I saw. Above, I analyzed all aspects
of the unit in detail.
I think I showed both strengths and weaknesses during this unit of teaching. I really knew the students at
this point in the semester, so I was better able to predict issues theyd have and activities theyd like. I like
to pick strategies that I can get excited about or that I find interesting, because then Im better able to get
the students excited. I really like to bring in pop culture, news and history that the students can related to.
They can then see how Spanish can be used in real world contexts and that they arent just studying
grammar. Im also getting better about repeating information and concepts over and over again, but in
different ways. Ive learned you cannot review enough.
As far as weaknesses or areas of development, Id like to work more on the idea of TPRS, which is reading
with comprehensible input in order to learn the language better. I want to use strategies that can really
help students use the language and not just know the grammatical aspects of the language. Grammar isnt
the exciting part of learning a new language; its the ability to use it when you need it. I want to grow in my
ability to bring practical and deeper learning to the language classroom.
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