ncn seine (191) At Babe Ags of Lage and Testo, 2, (Oxford: One Univesity Pes ‘in, PS ¥ (2004 “The Engh language and Chinese people’ in Tan KK. ft Wes T od fg and Gaba: Perspect Hong Rog nd scion Chinn, Hong Kons The Chinese Univers Pes 129-48. “um K 2008) Wo gles the age of goblation’tn Tam, KE ba Wels (os) (2008 lis and lblntin Pept foo Hg ‘Kongo Mairi Cin, Hong Kong The Chinese Universes, 1-22 “rang CH (1997) ‘Bulding on our strengts and investing nou fu’, Paley Ades, Hong Kong: Government Pints, Englishization in Japanese popular culture: Representation of ethnicity Andrew Moody Englishization as a mode of cultural and linguistic contact . ‘na ely ception of the process of Enaihiatin, Kahu (1986) notes atthe conconitunt proceso natlition it aes ce th prlonges conte teen English anda native anguge While tat sth ross by whic etre ofthe native guage “uc gl and pode a tincve aes, Engin te ces by which fate of Engin er into the atv guage nd Produce ng hang inthe wexicon, phonology, stax cr course atts, Although navstion a ash varies sa welh documented td wasted proces tht hae prodaceda wide ley of ngs, ‘eoenchersometnesovetook the umolaneou ros of Engshiation ts podctine inguin etutl proce. The nation oes langue contact produces ih andclcafl aay of gh vars shat dle get om one soother, but athe same tine reveberate sinacies Teele of ngishiatio, however aecften “vibe In the see ht ty donot produc highly eatastve vats; and they Canes go waned, with thease of te language asaming tata Seat Bgkshized fom ox uncton bas ales Ben preset in hit nope ‘othe ape hat language cont produces changes inthe ngstie productions of nividual ean a feat the atu productions of ‘ody nsng new ens, expuning the Functions ofthe ngage fo ntodcing ne atwral rtelacts Fer example, Mats (2008) notes thatthe enerpncs ol apancse popula msi Pp) 938 sy Inence by the populaty of popelt stn ngs os US and UKswt | stnenanns reconting art lu ae 1989 Whe the ngustcconsequenes of thisinlence have been ulna wd desea by a umber of eset researchers on Fp (e4,Dowd and Kupaoks 2002; Moody 2001 Meosy fu Masunto 2005), the eal nd call infiences of op mae In ngs cannot be uderestinatd- With he advent of Pop Japanese ‘nse borowed a number of ete ngs cull nents ros ng speaking cul soores: masa sys, srunent singing les namesof band, eat entent fo Sons Format of ong bum wok and promotion of ats, name ony 2 fen, When examin he proces of Englshzaton, therefore, language i cetaly on ofthe ways that etal contac ca ake pac, bute Engshiationpoces tly rite gue. mover oundestand how Engin of language and cule can rw ftom lngung contac (nd an pict cult conta) two ype of eontc ne tobe Mente. The st type aes lace wit the mse fofcommuniaion a he pms mathe of mediation been the wo {or mote anguges. Tl the df eotat that equety proces ne vats. lines, yee languages cr new Engishs) eense speakers ae consistent wing bth angungs smekaneousy. ‘Thi type of camming cons say ten 0 the most ‘leat entitle typeof contac becuse eles evel gs {moun of ings win the spezch community nd, therfore, fs ome toca mort of what we understand boo aguas ovat But otal guage cont seationsnecesaly requ the thom nate lngunge tobe sod in commerical acts Its posible ler anotes engage ofancton ways hat not communicate bat fain coat withthe native langugs and thereby retain a ln oe oof contac-ented antes, One xl of hiscan be ound tne hor of agish when Ltn gammar ws then 2th mode) fas gemma alee the 1h century ABough Lain was note (Comune indeed, ws by hs tinea dad anguage—it as (as mode of gleams, and presipsve rules for Engh sch as rditon ofthe oe os inmatives or nub egstve ‘Gstetons, wee borrowed nt ngs fom Latin Th was ely fone ene ati ule non-cmmunaie atonal Poe prom Since these non-commiunlcative function ate egely cose yb, weimay think of his Seon typeof ent as age ‘tc ni language contact dove not ena widespen ign ihn speech cmmmsity and not encom forthe inuenc of ‘istyp of anguage contact ogo unnoticed Iconic language contact and the Englishization of Japanese Inasuveyof tudes tothe presence andthe st of Engh in apn, (Gv of EF eae and S14 often aged that apanese are not fo at (Eagis) seskng ad ening’ Oansa, hjeda and Mabon 200, 48), Tis low assent of Engl ality was onde dept ate stents a GN of eae pela wih Settee at a jipanesecan ste gis they cn et tej In ation 0 ‘he acta the Jaane ten oar he own English ability poor “civil elas poi nore of exter sessment evidence ‘hat Japanese eames gene, have a east x yas of Egish {0 edveaton in secondary school ao fave unusual low proficiency sn Eglsh ee Scolefel 1997-For example, a number of ndviuas ave pointed hema soe of apanse people taking the TOE. Internet base test which, secondingo data gathered tom Setenbet 2S to Deets 206, he lowes (St. Ox of 8) in Al canst ‘esng Series 2007), hough tis beyond the scope of his paper to ean gh ‘rfeincy in Japon, kt slone methods of menting proflency othe ‘svn fort itis importa to noe a theresa widesren ee ht Engl pony in Japan not ey high, and hat commento rately toes place in ng Whe ks sometins sggetes the is [Sreltd fo stdens’ motivation and anxiety (eg Brown, Robson and own: 201, clei doe reife seeotypes tat Jpn a Imonosthnic otey and ha the tc figs ndtv of theloc ofthc mci very. Fo ample an en gunt eration, Evin Raeauee (977, 388) notes “Te parce have aye taken eden te suppose native pst of he ute nd especially Es ngage, bat natty hs angusfer since it ws ast commited to wating has ben deity 2 triad ong ke gis ‘he type of ting thst Reihauer alles 10, howeve 8 Domontng ad ‘ees ht thee tern be nated to Japanese phonon, ymax or ‘Srntics Iso! the ype of anguage ming hat takes place betwen ‘wohl preeln iaguls ins language. _reditferneebeween the to yp of languagexing borowing seis codesitching niggas by Jn Maher (206,91) desiton ‘factions fo biingial cde swtehing on a aio station: ‘When the author became ach constant and oration ao Cunmenator fo Toy’ ie bingua agresively code sihing ‘ao ston calle ie in 1988, the newook was sorting alte ‘nal fom mnber of the Tyo pane publ, ‘aden sn young, peopl il be comujed by titioganl “lay” am the ils ‘young people's Jepanese ety ssi in formation an wl be wound, ensngees by expsire to gs bina among, ‘he young engin, an 0.08. -Attough thes spose are negative action to sje fale boost thats in fc gly popala they do enutcat ome of the terete tothe pense langage a ey tht inn probit tec of Tanguage rocucton that we ae ln communicative guage contact. Tae ‘onto betwen punes language and enc enty doesnot iw fortis type and contort, and consequently the ngslztion o Japenese ‘Gesc dvs nt ake the form of code-teig langue hyd. “Poor insted ofloking at comsmunictv guage conte 3s the dominant made of contact ante dana source of Englhizaton snort Intex oot Elshration as has rele om. eon Tanguge const he mos lel entiable form a ngs that as tae pace tnspunce i vepecent byte cal antes that as ented 2 ‘eeabuly of Bgl owned in apanese Ge Hofer snd Hons 1506; tna 1985; Hay 1969; Loveday 199; McCreary 1990), ons {Goes note that 10% pane vesbalay and 13% the words wed tate place ou ny language, Honna alo nots hat '-70% of new ‘ones inthe analy eed dcionules of ecogisms ae from Engh’ (in, 45) aglhlosnwors in ypanese ae naized phoney rd Inerpologialyacoig to [apanere tr, nd many undergo manic aration inthe proces of bozowngs tha they are ase new ccs (pe capt) by county, Nandan, phe natonnasencon gpa “newt pea innigation new hlmnhlpe prea Feamyeook, A (203) Global glist, Rip tyne sn perma, Iowa of Slings, 70 513-1. Power RG and Kato He) (1989) Hao of anes Popul Cle, New Yous Greenwood Pres Preston, DR (209) "esdental ade: Whateae thease of Amosin Enis ayo, Ameen Spt 703): 215-6 Reicha 0 (1977) Te fps Tay Change and Coty, ‘Cambridge, Ma: Belen Pres Sain equ, (1967) “The Roman spat in he apse wing syste, Visible Lene, 210: 88-106, Scola, W (1997) The txcing and ecnng of Engl Japan ace 1945: An ove, abl, 32): 16-20,37-38 ‘Sips, P (199) Language, culture and enti: Wit ath) ok t cus in yop and rock singing, Ming, 1:39-67, Soramim as Apps Sani How pnt) (2008, peaStonnw}(200) Open our fl, on your mind: Women, Eogish, and ‘hanging oes na voces in pone pop ms in Cri J (pa Pipl se he dof pans apr Cte, Arn, NY: ME Shape, 7100, Stat] (208 jpn nl Language and Cute Contac, og Kang ong Kong University Prt ‘Thorton, J and Moet, D (2008) ‘Gos as state: The management coftlkaboa other on eat TV show "Bg Bother”, Jounal ef Senge, 2): 26-7, “Totoro, K (986) Nog Sion to ti apanese: Thought and seta), Toyo: Takum Shuppsn. ‘Tubal (1957) ‘a seme us Japacse sounds Th Bult of the Phonetic Sci of pa, 18629-22 ‘yao (1996 Some Japanese remain seo to gala ‘umes sa eatoa! rl Te, 13 ebay, tpt comd tele 1960/ Tse e a. ‘Taine 1984) The adoption of punctuation napanee esi, Ve amp 183): 229-7 ‘nite M0988) Te lapace Orne: Can Thy Go Home Ai? Prieto Penson Unie Ps Yio, (998) Japan’ tures, four o ilinga and Maa Dorloo, 16(/2) 139-54 ‘Yuan Noleon, K 2005) eternaona mage sil means apanest ‘man and Asan woranin What fan Ths, ht vbajapanhis ‘om/008/12ntratonal-mageill-mesn-panese mand ‘ite (1990 up's tne fae ejection, So that coming home ate In Beran com 73 September, wen vip com! inp i rpinted rm The ine Tre app, F982) "ally Gi’ on Ship Ang Too Late To Save «Drowning Englishization with an attitude: ‘Cantonese-English lyrics in Hong Kong Angel MY tin !phop in Hong Kong has been known to bt Hong Kong and other scenes ily hough the oa band LE (LzyMathaPuckag which ‘ard the m-19905 and was banded 2003. In cent yes, {helocl hip-hop sneha bee es animated than ie the aj of LE Hower, the Fama, 2 emcee hip-hop soup formed by NCS Wing and MCCan in 2000, which 202 came under te tatrage of D)Temny tpi his mas protucion company (D) Tommy 3 former LMF ‘nembee the Dn LMP, ha sre to ee pop musicale in the Hong Kong asic see ty far te mos pop lel hip-hop group singe LMP and has enjoyed cenin dere of comme stcss, ME oc the oe mse nd mea sen by being the oa an opt slang nos ys in publ eased afb and ve etormancs, andy accpungastongy resstan, ian, ec and Imeka-crsque stance eM, 201, 2002, 2002), LMS yes ae agey In Cantons pa when Eng isons mal cde Engh slang ‘Do yu know wis the feck mn saying IMP soctotngusepostoning ‘abe id tobe most that ofthe Hong Kong Cantonese wrkng-ss ous he speaking pe project power deat nay, Wonka ‘Gs Canons yout age wi tof "age, aed he Mealy meas re) in Cantonese Fama, howeves ass on distinc style, om the ous seemed io ‘want ec the orn aio a HongKong lapel to LMP: Inoenee that hips muse mast be led co slang oran any young mage as 2009 pointed out in he sty of pop suse fn ong tong, Fun pened 0 want to correct Hong Keng peoples ‘misconception about hiphop mus. In one eit songs ale AMA,Englishization in Asia Language and Cultural Issues Edited by Kwok kan Tam‘Open Unive of long Kong ess q ‘Tae Open Univesity of HongKong 300d Shep Stet Hoan Tn, Kowloon Hong Xong Fr (2) 2396 009, al ep ouneau Watt: pirmcoutonu ARIOUHKpess im ‘2 The Open Unies of Hong Kong, 2009 ‘Ags eserved No pt ths tral may be reproduce in any fxm ‘by any mean out permis Sn wting om he pulser nd al India copyrghe hein, sans o7ssenr70rse2 Contents Preface 7 Inroducton: Egishetion i Aa Language and curl isues vi 1 Englshand loa ensies on Web 26; The cte of Hikceom —t ‘Gumer Lan Doi Baro 2 yb in angungeand identi Engitonin Hong 32 ong, Singppore and Malas ‘sen Tom 3) tnglshzaonasan pect oFbuiing Srgapoe entity 46 ante ie 4 Rngihzaton of higher esto ia A: A scoop nguy 70 oat Ying S__ tnglshizaon through Would Eagsh a ctrl comedy: 88 Lieacy practices glob Maas higher action ao Yow ie 6 Linguistica and entity ses ia nghsietion of 119 tng Xu Zions 7 Which way of fe? Chinese college student’ pecepons and 140 ‘aloes China's Eogsization Yn an Go Yirgtao4 Engltsation or siniceton? English othe Hong Kong teagan 9 glsleation In opnese poplar clue Representation ofetnicty iw Meaty 10 Baglsation witha atte: Catone ings ys in Hong Kong angi FL eteson Contes Indes 216 Preface Wats gst? Whats ito do wih the utes As? Does speaking English mean tht people engl"? Suh questions have bre as noon in As, bu als ip Euogs, Eng has now bee the mat importat language fr ntrstion!commbncton ad higher ‘etucton. has evn epaced the mother tongue asthe i ngage a some Asin ours, ‘Tagline geowaly we to dere the uasormation hich aks place in na Bap ealtes on lnguages sx su of ‘porueto th Eg ngunge In ieay wits el as daly ‘convertion, Els phrases and was are doped an a ae way ‘hich dei om thet meanings the ral lnguge esting ‘he increasing bua otlanguages.Enlstisaon fs become one ofthe major fos that shape the language a cleo te reset en future world it isa ol phenomena at ates theives of 0 may ple. ‘Te says cole inthis Yume, whch ae wien by experts tn the fh explore a ans of ie elit to guage, cull changes nd ‘const result Eogishatin in As, ncn the crete Engl in As ats tevin, i, popula ule and ry wing “Te ess a da wit debates on us of poles, ently and td ‘nin guage ase They are ought together to he light on how ‘nglsh has enter into me soca of hen A, "would te wo tank the ny fends nd colleagues who helped coordinate the project on Englahzton in A, lacuding fia Wo, ‘om Shaw and membes of te Comparave Literature Research