ShazeenaAshraf

Mr.Lytle
Rhet1312
16February2016
Whenquotingapassage,itinvolvesusingtheauthorsexactwordsinordertoaddmore
contentanddepthintoyourownwritingandtoargueapoint(Driscoll&Brizee).Paraphrasingis
theactoftakingarelativelylongpassageandcondensingitbyputtingitinyourownwords
(Driscoll&Brizee).Ontheotherhand,summarisingistakingthemainpointsofasourceand
puttingtheminyourownwords(Driscoll&Brizee).Toeffectivelyintegratequotesintomy
work,Iwouldintroducethequotefirstandthenstatethequote.However,Iwouldntleavethe
quotehangingsoIwouldhavetoanalyzeandexplaintheimportanceofit.Also,ifitsasmall
quote/phrase,Imightjustintegrateandincorporateitintoasentence.Toaddressalong
quotations,Iwouldperhapsuseellipsesseparatingthemainwords/phrases.AccordingtoPurdue
OWL,longquotescanbeinthewritingbythemselves.
Formostofmysources,IwillbeusingtheAPAformatandthePurdueOWLclaimsthat
toproperlyprovideintextcitationsforAPA,followtheauthordatemethodwhichisbasically,
theauthorslastname,followedbytheyearofpublicationallinparenthesisandseparatedbya
comma(Paiz,J.M.,Angeli,E.,Wagner,J.,Lawrick,E.,Moore,K.,Anderson,M.,Keck,R.)
.
Whencitingaworkwithasingleauthor,weshouldhavetheauthorslastname,followedbythe
authorsinitialsandtheyearofpublicationinparenthesis.ThePurdueOWLgivestheexample,
Berndt,T.J.(2002).
Whencitingaworkwithmorethanthreeauthors,weshouldfollowthe
processoflistingthelastnamesandtheinitials,commasseparatingtheauthorsnames.

However,afterthesixthauthorsname,weshoulduseellipsesandfollowitbythenameofthe
finalauthor.ThePurdueOWLsexamplewas
Miller,F.H.,Choi,M.J.,Angeli,L.L.,Harland,
A.A.,Stamos,J.A.,Thomas,S.T.,...Rubin,L.H.(2009).Whenwehaveaworkfroman
unknownauthor,weuseashortenedversionofthesourcestitleinplaceoftheauthor.Purdue
OWLgivestheexample,
MerriamWebster'scollegiatedictionary
(10thed.).(1993).Springfield,
MA:MerriamWebster.Whenwehaveapagefromawebsite,weshouldincludeallthe
informationthatthesourceprovides,whichalsoincludestheissuenumberinparentheses.When
wehaveaninterviewasoneofoursources,weshouldfollowtheformatofcitingthe
interviewee'sname,thephrasepersonalcommunicationandthedateoftheinterview
(Paiz,J.
M.,Angeli,E.,Wagner,J.,Lawrick,E.,Moore,K.,Anderson,M.,Keck,R.)
.
Startingwithaquoteandaddingquoteafterquoteafterquotetocreateaparagraphto
proveapointiswhattheauthorofAnnoyingWaysPeopleUseSources,KyleD.Stedman
calls
UncleBarryandHisEncyclopediaofUselessInformation
.Basically,itmeansthatthe
authorisusingtoomanyquotesandbarelyanyanalysisintheirargument,whichleadstothem
missingoutonthemainideaorkeyconceptsfromtheirsources.Thebacktobackthuscreatea
incohesiveessaythatmakesnosensetothereaderbecausetheirisnoexplanationastohowthe
quotesfitintotheessayorwhatistheirsignificance.Therefore,inordertofixthissolution,one
mustconsiderwhatquotesarerelevantandenhancetheessayandwhichonescanbe
paraphrasedorsummarized(Stedman24749).
Sometimesinsummariesorparaphrasingtheauthorcanleadtoconfusioninthemindsof
thereadersinthesensethatweaddacitationwithoutmakingitclearastowhatthecitation
actuallyisreferringtoandmakingthewriterclaimISwearIdidSomeResearch!Inother

words,becausethewritersaresummarizingthesourcesauthors,mostoftimewithoutrealizing,
theypatchwritewhichmeansthatthewritersblendcertainwordsorphrasesfromthesources
withourownwords.SotheStedmanclaims,thattofixtheproblemofpatchwriting,thewriters
shouldtrytostartthediscussionusingspecificwordsandphrasessuchasIthinkorthe
authorclaims,thushelpingthereaderwithunderstandingtheexactlocationofthecitation
(Stedman25254).
OuracademichasevolvedfromtheEuropeanacademicsystem,therefore,theUnited
Stateshascertainconvention,nonnecessarilyrules,thesetheseauthorfollows.However,asthe
authorclaims,ifthemodernU.S.academicsystemhadevolvedfromaprimarilyAfricanor
AsianorLatinAmericanculturalconsciousnessinsteadofaEuropeanone,conventionsfor
writingwouldprobablybeverydifferent(Stedman244).So,thisimpliesthat,ourwayof
writingisnotnecessarilythe
right
waybecauseeachculturehastheirownconventionsandtheir
ownsetofaudienceintheirmind.

WorksCited
Stedman,KyleD."AnnoyingWaysPeopleUseSources."
WritingSpaces:ReadingsonWriting
.
Vol.2.Parlor,2011.24255.Print.