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NAMA
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TEMP/TGL LAHIR
STATUS
DIKMIL
DIKUM
PENGALAMAN
DOSEN UNIV
DOSEN DINAS
SATUAN
JABATAN
ALAMAT
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TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
ATMOSFER
Lapisan gas yg lingkupi sebuah planet
, termasuk bumi, dr permukaan
planet tsb sampai jauh di luar
angkasa. Tdpt dr ketinggian 0 km di
atas perm tanah, sampai 560 km dr
atas perm bumi.
Tersusun atas bbr lapisan, dinamai
menurut fenomena yg terjadi di
lapisan tsb.
Struktur Atmosfer
Exosphere
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
- Ketinggian : 15 - 40 km
- Suhu lapisan : -57 C
- Lapisan ozon yg mblokir sinar UV
berada pd lapisan ini.
Mesosfer
- Ketebalan : 45 - 75 km
- Suhu lapisan : -140 C
- Suhu << dan dingin dpt sebabkn awan
noctilucent yg terdiri atas kristals es
Thermosfer
- Ketebalan : 75 - 100 km
- Suhu pd lapisan: 80 C
Ionosfer.
(Terdpt ionisasi
udara disebabkan oleh rad
UV)
- Ketebalan : 50 - 100 km
- Bersifat pantulkan gel radio krn
ada penyerapan rad dan sinar UV
sebabkn timbul lap bmuatan listrik
yg suhunya >>
Eksosfer
- Ketebalan
: 500 - 700 km
- Suhu lapisan : -57 C
- Tekanan udara : 0 cmHg
Batas Fisiologis
0 - 10 000 ft:
10 000 50,000ft:
50,000 ft
+:
The Physiological
Zone
The Physiologically
Deficient Zone
The Space
Equivalent Zone
Komposisi Atmosfer
NITROGEN
OKSIGEN
KARBON DIOKSIDA
HUKUM-HUKUM GAS
BOYLE
P1V1 = P2V2
Pd
Fisiologis
: Gas yg terperangkap
dlm tubuh
80k
Pengembangan Gas
pada Ketinggian
10 x
53k
4x
34k
18k
2x
1x
Lanjutan
DALTON
: Pt = P1 + P2 + Pn
Tek.
Fisiologis
: Hipoksia
HENRY
P1A2 = P2A1
Jlh
Fisiologi
tubuh
Lanjutan
CHARLES
P1T2 = P2T1
Tek
Fisiologis
: Penyimpanan
oksigen dlm tabung
Hypoxia
FEELING
APPREHANSION
HEADACHE &
DIZZINESS
d.
FATIQUE
e.
NAUSEA
f.
AIR HUNGER/OXYGEN
WANT
f.
g.
h.
i.
EUPHORIA &
BELLIGERANCE
j.
HIPERVENTILATION
OBJECTIVE SIGN
a.
PEMBAGIAN ATMOSFER
BERDASARKAN FISIOLOGI
Physioloical Zone:
Sea level s.d 10.000 ft
Manusia bisa beradaptasi
Gangguan telinga tengah dan sinus
sering
terjadi saat naik/turun
Pernafasan menjadi pendek, pusing,
sakit
- 15,000 feet
Few signs/symptoms
Performance impairment
Headache
Poor work capacity
- 20,000 feet
Loss of judgement and self criticism
Poor neuromuscular control
Emotional changes
Slow thought processes
Symptoms of hypocapnia
Visual symptoms
20,000 feet
All of the above plus
Mental performance rapidly declines
Unconsciousness
Myoclonic jerks
Death
00
Light Dimming
Light Dimming
Tingling
Tingling
Loss of coord
Loss of coord
Dizziness
Dizziness
Hot flushes
Hot flushes
Trouble Conc
Trouble Conc
Symptom
SymptomCategory
Category
Cold Flushes
Cold Flushes
Headache
Headache
Nausea
Nausea
Numbness
Numbness
Breathless
Breathless
Fatigue
Fatigue
Tremor
Tremor
Euphoria
Euphoria
Apprehension
Apprehension
Tunnel Vision
Tunnel Vision
Blurred Vision
Blurred Vision
Symptom
SymptomFrequency
Frequency
120
120
100
100
80
80
Number
Number 60
60
40
40
Severe
Severe
Moderate
Moderate
Mild
Mild
20
20
TUC
18,000
20-30 min
22,000
10 min
25,000
3-5 min
30,000
1-2 min
35,000
30-60 sec
40,000
15-30 sec
43,000
9-12 sec
of ascent
Exercise at
altitude
Stress and
workload
Cold
Fatigue
Drugs
Alcohol
Smoking
Other
Illnesses
Physical fitness
The Physiology of
Pressure Change
Pain on ascent
Cavities/caries
Fillings
Gingivitis
Mimics sinus
pain
maxillar
y sinus
Cavities
Containing Gas:
Ears
Gas Expansion
in
the Ear - Climb
Gas Expansion
in
the Ear Descent
4.
8.