WCDMA Radio Interface & Physical Layer

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Development of Mobile communication

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WCDMA Network Architecture

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Uu Interface Protocol Structure

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Channel Concepts
Layer 1: Physical layer- This layer is responsible for transporting data
across the available physical path (radio link). Main jobs of physical layer
are :
1. Forward error correction(FEC)
2. Interleaving
3. Transport channel multiplexing
4. Channel quality measurements
5. Synchronization
6. Spreading , scrambling, modulation

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Channel Concepts
Layer 2 : Data link layer It is the upper neighbor of the physical layer.
3GPP divides it into the radio link control (RLC) and the medium access
control(MAC) layer. It delivers data block by block to layer 1 via transport
channels (or fetches the data when receiving).
In the other direction, layer 2 communicates with the adjoining network
layer via Logical channels.
The RLC and MAC layers have the following essential functions:
-

1. Mapping of logical channels on transport channels

2. Selection of the transport format based on current needs
3. Data encryption
4. Error protection as a function of the desired QOS
5. Acknowledgement of data blocks and requests for retransmission in case of
errors

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Channel Concepts
Layer 3 : Network Layer(RRC Layer): RRC layer is directly above the
layer 2 and is responsible for radio resource control. The main RRC
tasks include :
1. Broadcasting of system information
2. Establishment and clear down a RRC connection
3. Management of radio connections
4. Cell selection in IDLE mode
5. Querying and evaluation of physical layer measurements

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Channel Concepts

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RAB, RB, RL

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Channel Mapping

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Logical Channel

Control Channel (Signaling)

Traffic Channel
(User Data)

Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)

Paging Control Channel (PCCH)

Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Dedicated Traffic
channels (DTCH)

Common Traffic
Channel (CTCH)

Common Control Channel (CCCH)

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Transport Channel

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Transport Channel
Dedicated Transport Channel

Dedicated Transport Channel

DCH (Dedicated Channel)

This is used to transfer data to a particular UE. Each UE has its own DCH in
each direction

Common Transport Channel

Common Transport Channel

BCH (Broadcast Channel)

This channel broadcasts information to the UEs in the cell to enable them to
identify the network and the cell.

FACH (Forward Access Channel)

Downlink; Transports small amount of data from

BCCH/CCCH/DCCH/CTCH to either a specific UE or over the entire cell

PCH (Paging Channel)

Downlink; Transports data from PCCH to UE over entire cell. This channel
carries messages that alert the UE to incoming calls, SMS messages, data
sessions or required maintenance such as re-registration.

RACH (Random Access Channel)

This channel carries requests for service from UEs trying to access the system

CPCH (Common Packet Channel)

This channel provides additional capability beyond that of the RACH and for
fast power control.

DSCH (Downlink Shared Channel)

This channel can be shared by several users and is used for data that is
"bursty" in nature such as that obtained from web browsing etc.
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Physical Channel

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Synchronization Channel

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Primary Common Pilot Channel

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Primary Common Control Physical

Channel

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Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)

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SCCPCH (Secondary Common Control Physical

Channel)

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Physical Random Access Channe

PRACH consists preamble part and message part

Random access transmit 1or more 4096 chips length
preambles and 10ms or 20ms length message part.

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Physical Random Access Channel

10ms message part is split into 15 timeslots, each timeslot consists
of 2560chips.
Each timeslot includes data part and control part. They are
transmitted in parallel .
Data part :SF=32~256 , control part: SF=256.

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Uplink physical channel

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Uplink Dedicated physical channel

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Downlink physical channel

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Downlink dedicated physical

channel

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High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel

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High Speed Shared Control Channel

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High Speed Dedicated Physical control channel

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Cell Search
UE has to get the system information before it
registers with the network and access to services.
The system information is bearded in the BCH
channel, and its data is mapped into the Primary
CCPCH.
So the cell search procedure is mainly to decode
the data of P-CCPCH.

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RACH Procedure

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Downlink Transmit Diversity

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Open Loop Transmit Diversity

STTD (Space Time Transmit Diversity)

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Open Loop Transmit Diversity

TSTD (Time Switched Transmit Diversity)

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Close Loop Transmit Diversity

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Transmit Diversity on Physical Channel

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Thanks

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