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Practice Problems: please include a reason for choosing the answer in the
space next to the question.
1.
800 s
B.
8,000 s
C.
6,400,000 s
D.
51,200,000 s
2. The table below shows the time it takes four cars to go from 0
to 60 km/hr. Based on the information given, which of the
following quantities can be compared for the four cars?
A.
average acceleration
B.
instantaneous speed
C.
stopping distance
D.
stopping time
A.
mass
B.
potential energy
C.
velocity
D.
weight
correct?
A. The table exerts a force of 10 N upward on the toy cart.
B. The toy cart exerts a force of 10 N upward on the table.
C. The toy cart exerts a force of 2 N downward on the table.
D. The table exerts a force of 2 N to the right on the toy cart.
More of Newtons Second Law: when the forces are not balanced
Constant forces cause constant accelerations
o
F = ma (this is the regular one)
o
The units for this equation are
F:
m:
a:
o
Find the equation on your cheat sheet and draw the cheat
circle.
o
This is important because it means that the force of
gravity (constant) causes objects to accelerate at a
constant rate (g)
o
The acceleration due to gravity (g) is 9.8 m/s2
Newtons Third Law of Motion:
Every action has an equal but opposite reaction.
o Any time a force is applied and nothing moves (like you sit
in your chair without falling through it) the net force is
zero because the opposite reaction force is the same as
the force applied.
o Therefore, the acceleration is zero and you arent on the
floor.
Practice problems:
1.
backward push when she throws her ball. Which of the following
statements explains why only the second student feels a
noticeable backward push?
A.
B.
C.
D.
B.
C.
D.
Graphing Motion:
TONS of information can be determined from a graph of a data
set! Remember, they are scatter plots with slopes that come
from y = mx + b. The slope is in the simple form:
o
rise
run
The insect strikes the windshield with the same force as the
windshield strikes the insect.
B.
C.
D.
The insect strikes the windshield with a small force, and the
windshield strikes the insect with a large force.
Practice problems:
1. The graph below shows the distance an object traveled over
time.
Which line segment represents the time interval during which the object
was moving at a positive constant speed?
A.
segment W
B.
segment X
C.
segment Y
D.
segment Z
between 0 s and 2 s
B.
between 2 s and 4 s
C.
between 6 s and 8 s
D.
between 8 s and 10 s
Vectors:
Vectors are quantities defined with both a magnitude and a
direction.
o Velocity is a vector.
Scalars are quantities that only need magnitude for a complete
description.
o Speed is a scalar.
Vectors in the same direction add together, end to end:
1.0 km south
B.
1.5 km north
C.
2.5 km north
D.
3.5 km south
B.
C.
D.
0 lb. up
B.
60 lb. up
C.
120 lb. up
D.
240 lb. up
The block slides horizontally. What is the net force acting on the
block of wood?
A.
3 N to the left
B.
8 N to the left
C.
11 N to the right
D.
25 N to the right
v:
p:
B.
C.
15 m/s left
D.
15 m/s right
Neither rock loses potential energy because no work is done on the rocks.
B.
Both rocks lose the same amount of potential energy because they fall
from the same height.
C.
The 10 kg rock loses more potential energy than the 5 kg rock because
the 10 kg rock falls faster.
D.
The 10 kg rock loses more potential energy than the 5 kg rock because
the 10 kg rock has more mass.
D.
Car X collides with car Y. How does the momentum of each car
change after the collision?
4. The momentum of an object in space is
d:
A.
A.
B.
B.
C.
C.
D.
D.
W:
o Find the equation on your cheat sheet and cheat.
Gravitational potential energy is a type of stored energy that is
given to an object that has the energy of position.
g:
h:
PE:
o Find the equation on your cheat sheet and draw the cheat
circle.
Other types of potential energies are chemical and solar energy.
Practice problems:
1. A rock climber weighs 550 N and is carrying a backpack that
weighs 50 N. How much total work has been done after she
climbs 12 m?
rock does not move. What is the amount of work done by the man
on the rock?
A.
50 J
B.
600 J
C.
6000 J
D.
7200 J
0.0 J
B.
6.0 J
C.
100 J
D.
6000 J
B.
C.
D.
A.
holding a 50 kg barbell
B.
Equation:
C.
KE 12 mv 2
D.
A.
KE:
o Find the equation on your cheat sheet and draw the cheat
circle.
The kinetic energy is the change in potential energy in the
system.
The Conservation of Energy:
Energy is conserved, just like momentum.
o Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be
converted from one form to another.
o The total energy in a system is the sum of all energies
acting on the system.
Ubefore = Uafter
Practice problems:
1. A ball is thrown straight upward. The balls initial speed is 30 m/s
and its mass is 0.05 kg, resulting in an initial kinetic energy of
22.5 J. If the initial potential energy of the ball is 10 J and
there is no frictional force, what would be the balls total energy
while it is moving?
A.
0.0 J
B.
10.0 J
C.
22.5 J
D.
32.5 J
Assume that the bicyclist does not apply the brakes as he rides
down the hill. At which point will the bicyclists kinetic energy be
closest to zero?
A.
point W
B.
point X
C.
point Y
D.
point Z
B.
C.
D.
Conduction:
Radiation:
C.
The students finger was originally at the same temperature as the sink.
D.
The students finger was originally at a lower temperature than the sink.
2. The molecules in which of the following have the greatest
average molecular kinetic energy?
Energy released:
A.
B.
C.
D.
A.
1,400 J
B.
17,000 J
C.
204,000 J
D.
612,000 J
B.
C.
D.
A.
Heat energy flows from the students finger to the metal sink.
A.
B.
Heat energy flows from the metal sink to the students finger.
B.
C.
C.
The specific heat of block 1 is less than the specific heat of block 2.
D.
D.
The specific heat of block 1 is greater than the specific heat of block 2.
B.
C.
D.
B.
C.
D.
an electric heater heating air, which rises and is replaced with cooler air
8. Two blocks of zinc with different masses are at room
temperature. Each block then absorbs the same amount of heat
over 10 minutes. When the temperature of each block is then
measured, block 1 is at a higher temperature than block 2. Which
of the following statements most likely describes the zinc
blocks?
A.
B.
B.
Heat does not flow between objects in contact at the same temperature.
C.
Heat does not flow spontaneously from a cooler object to a warmer object.
D.
Electromagnetic Energy:
Energy transferred by electromagnetic waves. There are seven
types on the spectrum please label it!
Practice problems:
1. The figure below shows regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A.
light bulb
B.
microwave oven
C.
x-ray microscope
D.
FM radio transmitter
amplitude
B.
frequency
C.
speed
D.
wavelength
acceleration
B.
amplitude
C.
frequency
D.
speed
B.
C.
D.
B.
C.
D.
0.004 m
B.
0.80 m
C.
1.3 m
D.
2.6 m
Practice problems:
1. The diagram below shows an incident light ray striking a shiny
piece of aluminum foil.
C.
D.
4. Which of the following observations demonstrates that visible
light waves are electromagnetic and not mechanical?
A.
B.
A.
C.
B.
The light ray will be refracted after passing through the shiny metal.
D.
C.
The light ray will be reflected at a different angle to the normal than the
incident light ray.
D.
The light ray will be reflected at the same angle to the normal as the
incident light ray.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. The diagram below shows a light ray striking the flat surface of
a piece of clear hard plastic at an angle of Light travels faster
in air than through plastic.
A.
B.
Electricity creates:_____________________ and magnetism
creates:_____________________
C.
D.
A resistor:
A switch:
A fuse:
o A light bulb:
Draw a parallel circuit:
B.
C.
D.
1.25 A
B.
1.5 A
C.
5.0 A
D.
6.67 A
Power:
A.
B.
C.
D.
A.
glass tubes
B.
metal plates
C.
plastic cups
D.
rubber tires
W
t
The units:
P:
W:
t:
Electric power is the amount of electric energy used over
a period of time:
P = IV
The units:
P:
I:
V:
Find the equation on your cheat sheet and draw the cheat
circle.
Practice problems:
1. If 105 J of energy is used in 103 s, what is the average power
consumption in watts?
A.
102 W
B.
108 W
C.
1011 W
D.
1015 W
40 W
B.
80 W
C.
200 W
D.
500 W
A.
Weightlifter 2 does the same work and uses less power compared
with weightlifter 1.
B.
Weightlifter 2 does less work and uses the same power compared
with weightlifter 1.
C.
Weightlifter 2 does the same work and uses more power compared
with weightlifter 1.
D.
Weightlifter 2 does more work and uses the same power compared
with weightlifter 1.