.............................................................................................................................................................

1
..............................................................................................................................1
........................................................................................................................3
.............................................................................................................................3
.....................................................................................................................3
........................................................................................................................4

.

.
,
.
.
.
.
: (datagrams)
(virtual circuits)

,
6.6

 .

.

.

,
[0,1].
0.6, 0.6,
2. , 3.

,
2, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3 ..
.

.
:

:
.
:

:

:

.
.
:




TCP
(transmission control protocol) UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

TCP ,
UDP(transmission control protocol)
.

(
) .
:

 ( )
(
).

.
, , .
, .
Telnet, FTP, SMTP POP.

Telnet "" (
/)
.

FTP(File Transfer Protocol) FTP client

server
server, server,
server ...

SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

.

POP(Post Office Protocol), POP3

(server).