Resistance

Thermometer
By
Piyaporn (premier) 11-3
Nuttacha (fah) 11-3
Arisara (now) 11-3
Noramon (prim)11-3
Nuntinee (toey)11-3

Resistance Thermometer
Resistance Temperature Detector or RTD was
used for the temperature measurement of
machine such as the winding temperature or
bearing temperature of motor and gearbox.

RTD is passive transducer, Their type will

need the external electric power that supply
in electric circuit. Their principle is the
electric resistance value will be vary in
proportion of the temperature with high
coefficient.

RTD pros

Pros
- Stable and accurate compared with
other measuring method.
- linearity appearance is more linear
than thermocouples

RTD cons
RTD is more expensive than thermistors and thermocouples
Electricity generator is required since RDTs could not provide electricity
itself like thermocouple , so the electric current may run through and selfheating may occur.
From what we've mentioned , we should lessen electricity to the lowest point
by decrease power of the generator.
Measuring environment may cause some mistake , for example , in the
freedom air , if the temperature increases 1C per mW. However , the
temperature may rises to 10C per mW in the air with rapid of 1m/s.

material

-Resistance thermometers or RTDs usually use

platinum nickel and copper
-Platinum has high repeat-ability but low sensitivity
and expensive while nickel has high sensitivity but
low repeat-ability and cheap.
-Nickel STD was used in high temperature period, it
has low linearity so the value can drift with the time.
-Cooper STD is cheap, easy for use and use with low
temperature period.

Platinum STD was used mostly because it

has the most precision and linearity but it
very expensive if you compare platinum
with nickel and copper. You usually see Pl100, this is the most popular Resistance
thermometer.

Resistance measurement method

1. The simple 2-wire is the easyto join the circuit by using just two
wires to the circuit has shown. Current will flow through the RTD and
voltage will be measured. Disadvantages of this method are heat up in
the RTD and caused the error in the measurement of the foregoing.
2. The 3-wire is the adaptation from the 2-wire. The electrons
flowthrough the RTD and the voltage will be measured. The third line
will compensate for the resistance of the wire occurs. Disadvantages of
this method are heating up in the RTD will make error in the
measurement.
3. The 4-wire method is an improvement from the 2-wire and 3-wire,
as mentioned above. The electrons flow through the RTD and measure
the voltage, but the source of current will flow through one pair and
has been measuring the voltage from the one pair of the line.