2016

:
:

(1
1-1 S1 . C1 = 10-2 mol.L-1
pH1 = 10,6
( 111 :

HO(aq) +

) (2 pH = 10,4
(122 :
( pKa1= 9,2
( :

100 :
A AB

)NH3(aq) + H2O(l
)NH4+(aq) (0,25

(1-1-2

NH 4+
=
C2

xf
xmax

= 2

NH 4+
2
= NH 4+ + [ HN 3 ]2 = C2 2
2
NH 4+ + [ HN 3 ]2
2

pH2 = 10,4
HO .V1 HO
f
f
=
=
C1.V1
C1

xf
xmax

= 1

10 .1010,6
4.102 = 4 0 0
102

2 = 0, 06 = 6 0 0
(123 1 2
2 1 S2 S1

14

(113
:

= 1

Ke
= K e = HO . H 3O + HO
f
f
f
H 3O +
f
Ke
K e .10+ pH1
1

=
.
1
C1
H 3O + C1

) 2 = ( NH 4+

= A.N : 1

(2 .
(21

) NH 3( aq ) + CH 3 NH + 3( aq ) NH 4(+ aq ) + CH 3 NH 2( aq

(22

) ( C1.1

C1 C1. 1

[ HO(aq ) ]e 2
C1 [ HO(aq ) ]e

[ HO(aq ) ]e .[ NH 4+ ( aq ) ]e
[ NH 3( aq ) ]e
2

2
1

C1.
)10 (0.04

= 1, 67.105
1 1
1 0.04
(12 S2 pH2 = 10,4
(112 :

NH
CH 3 NH 2( aq )
e
e
='K
NH 3( aq ) CH 3 NH + 3( aq )
+
) 4( aq

=K

=K
e

CH 3 NH 2( aq ) H 3O + ( aq )
NH 4(+ aq )
e
e
e
=
.
CH 3 NH + 3( aq )
NH 3( aq ) . H 3O + ( aq )
e

10.4

10
K A2
=
3,16.102
K A1 1, 67.105
(23 ...... = NH 4(+ aq ) = CH 3 NH 2( aq )
e
e

 2016
nt ( H 3O(+aq ) ) = V . H 3O(+aq ) + 4 x = V . H 3O(+aq )
0

2 H 2O( l ) O2( g ) + 4 H (+aq ) + 4e

t

6 H 2O( l ) O2( g ) + 4 H 3O(+aq ) + 4e

4 x = V . H 3O(+aq ) V . H 3O(+aq ) = V .(10 pHt 10 pH0 )

t

V
x = .(10 pHt 10 pH0 )
4
pH1 =1,5 t1 ( 3

6 H 2O(l ) O2( g ) + 4 H 3O(+aq ) + 4e (1

I .(t1 t0 ) I .t1
n1 (e ) = 4 x1 =
=
= 4 x1 = V .(10 pHt 10 pH 0 )
F
F
V .F
t1 =
.(10 pH t 10 pH 0 )
I
0, 4 96500 1,5
t1 =
(10 103 ) = 4, 44.103 s
0, 266

F I
pH
(mol.L-1 )

elghzizal@live.fr .

(2016/06/14) .

NH 3( aq ) = CH 3 NH + 3( aq ) =
e
e

CV xe C xe C
=
= NH 4(+ aq )
e
2V
2 2V 2
2

NH 4(+ aq ) CH 3 NH 2( aq )
NH 4(+ aq )
e
e
e
K'=
=
2
+
NH 3( aq ) CH 3 NH 3( aq )
CH 3 NH + 3( aq )
e
e
e
NH 4(+ aq )
e

C
K '( NH 4(+ aq ) ) = NH 4(+ aq )
e
e
C
2
+
2
( NH 4( aq ) )
e
2
C
C
K'
K '. = NH 4(+ aq ) (1 + K ') NH 4(+ aq ) =
e
e
2
2 (1 + K ')
K'=

( 24
pH e = pK A1 + log(

[ HN3 ]e

)
NH 4+
e
CV xe C xe C
NH 3 =
=
= NH 4+
e
e
2V
2 2V 2
C C
K'
C (1 + K ') C K '
NH 3 =
=
e
2 2 (1 + K ')
2(1 + K ')
C
1
NH 3 =
e
2 1+ K '
C
1
1
2
)
pH = pK A1 + log( 1 + K ' ) = pK A1 + log(
C
K'
K'
2 (1 + K ')
1
pH = 9, 2 + log(
) = 9, 2 + 0, 75 9, 95
3,16.102

:
.
O2(g)/H2O(l) : ( 1
2 H 2O(l ) O2( g ) + 4 H (+aq ) + 4e
6 H 2O(l ) O2( g ) + 4 H 3O(+aq ) + 4e
: ( 2