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Procedure
1. For the 555 Timer oscillator circuit shown below, calculate the frequency and duty
cycle of the output signal based on the component values shown.
T = 0.693(330 + 2x330) x 22F = .0151s = 15.1 ms
= 1 .0151s = 66.2Hz
DC = (660 990) x 100 = 67%
2. Use the CDS to enter and simulate the 555 Timer oscillator circuit. Use the
oscilloscopes markers to make the necessary measurements. Determine the
2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Digital Electronics ANSWER KEY 1.2.5 The 555 Timer Page 1
frequency and duty cycle of the output signal. How do these values compare to the
calculated values?
The difference between Marker 1 and Marker 2 in the figure above shows a period of
15.1ms.
= 1 15.1ms = 1 .0151s = 66.2Hz
The difference between Marker 1 and Marker 2 in the figure above shows a Time High
of 10.1ms. Recall that the period was 15.1ms.
DC = (tH T) x 100 = (10.1ms 15.1ms) x 100 = 67%
How do these values compare to the calculated values? Should be the same.
3. Repeat steps (1) and (2) for each set of component values in the table shown below.
Note that the shaded areas are the values that were measured from the original circuit.
2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Digital Electronics ANSWER KEY 1.2.5 The 555 Timer Page 2
RA
RB
C2
Period(T
)
Frequency()
tH
tL
Duty
Cycle
100
330
22 F
11.6ms
86.2Hz
6.6ms
5ms
57%
330
330
22 F
15.1ms
66.2Hz
5ms
67%
560
330
22 F
18.6ms
53.8Hz
5ms
73%
330
100
22 F
8.1ms
123.5Hz
1.6ms
80%
330
330
22 F
15.1ms
66.2Hz
5ms
67%
330
560
22 F
22.2ms
45.1Hz
8.6ms
61%
330
330
10 F
6.9ms
144.9Hz
2.3ms
67%
330
330
22 F
15.1ms
66.2Hz
5ms
67%
330
330
47 F
32.3ms
31Hz
10.8m
s
67%
10.1m
s
13.6m
s
6.5ms
10.1m
s
13.6m
s
4.6ms
10.1m
s
21.5m
s
4. Review the results of the data collected in step (3) of the procedure.
What effect did varying the RA have on the frequency and duty cycle?
As the resistor value for RA increases; frequency () decreases and Duty Cycle
(DC) increases.
What effect did varying the RB have on the frequency and duty cycle?
As the resistor value for RB increases, frequency () decreases and Duty Cycle
(DC) decreases.
What effect did varying the C2 have on the frequency and duty cycle?
As the capacitor value for C increases, frequency () decreases and Duty Cycle
(DC) remains constant.
In the previous activity you created a 4-bit counter that counted from 0-15 in binary.
We used a provided clock source. (Internal clock in the development board or a
software generated clock source).
Using what you have learned about the relationships between RA, RB, C2 and how
they impact the frequency output of the clock signal, create your own 555 Timer
oscillator circuit on your development board.
(Note: The simulation was helpful in determining how RA, RB, and C2 impact the 555
Timer oscillator design. However, the software simulated frequency can be affected by
the processor on your computer. The frequency rate may appear slightly different in
your actual design compared to your simulated design. Also, your design may be
limited by the resistors and capacitors available.)
Simulation
5. Using the Circuit Design Software (CDS) use the clock signal of the 555 Timer to
trigger the 4-bit binary counter you created previously.
Breadboard
6. Create the circuit on your breadboard. (Remember you may need to use different
resistor and capacitor values to find a clock signal rate you are comfortable with.
LM 555 Timer
74LS47 D Flip-flop
2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Digital Electronics ANSWER KEY 1.2.5 The 555 Timer Page 4