‫‪www.elghzizal.sup.fr‬‬ ‫ﺫ ‪.

‬ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬

‫‪@ @HïÔÏþa@拾a@‘aìäÛaI@@@@ibã@–@kÜ–@áu@òÇìàa@À@òÓbĐÛa‬‬
‫)ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺀ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ(‬
‫ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻜﺔ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ ‪ m = 250g‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻄﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﺑﺾ ﺫﻭ‬
‫ﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺻﻼﺑﺘﻪ ‪ k = 10N.m-1‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬ﻧﺰﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‪ x0 = + 2,0 cm‬وﻧﺤﺮﺭﻩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﻧﻬﻤﻞ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﻧﻤﺎﺛﻠﻪ ﺑﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺼﻮﺭﻩ ‪G‬‬

‫‪m G‬‬

‫‪O‬‬
‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪i‬‬
‫ﻧﺪﺭﺱ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ‪ G‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﻠﻴﺎ ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ O‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ ‪ G‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫‪Figure 1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﺾ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻜﻮﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﻬﻞ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (11‬ﺃﺟﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (12‬ﺍﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ )ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻢ(‬
‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻓﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ‪.‬‬
‫‪k‬‬
‫(‪ x(t ) = X m cos‬ﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ Xm‬ﻭ ‪. ϕ‬‬ ‫)‪t + ϕ‬‬ ‫‪(13‬ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ‬
‫‪m‬‬
‫‪ (14‬ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ )‪. x(t‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ‪. T0‬‬
‫‪ur‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫‪ .. (µ > 0). f‬ﻣﻜﻦ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻣﺴﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪= − µ .v‬‬ ‫‪(2‬ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬

‫ا
‪2‬‬
‫)‪x (10–3 m‬‬
‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪t1‬‬ ‫‪t2‬‬ ‫)‪t (s‬‬

‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0,4‬‬ ‫‪0,6‬‬ ‫‪0,8‬‬ ‫‪1,0‬‬ ‫‪1,2‬‬ ‫‪1,4‬‬ ‫‪1,6‬‬ ‫‪1,8‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.bibliophy.sup.fr‬‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺀ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ‬

 ‫‪www.elghzizal.sup.fr‬‬ ‫ﺫ ‪.‬ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻡ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ) ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪(3‬‬

‫‪(21‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻨﺠﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺬﺑﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ‪.(14‬‬
‫‪ (22‬ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻞ ﻝ‪ EC(t) :‬ﻭ)‪ EP(t‬ﻭ )‪ Em(t‬ﻣﻌﻠﻼ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻚ‬
‫‪ (23‬ﻋﻠﻞ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (24‬ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 3‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻌﻠﻼ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ‪ t1‬ﺃﻭ‪ t2‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺃ( ﻗﺼﻮﻳﺔ ‪ .‬ﺏ(‬
‫ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻡ‬
‫‪ (25‬ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﺈﻳﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﻗﻮﻩ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﺴﺮ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ C‬ﻫﻴﺌﺔ" ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻈﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ‪. 0,6s ;1,0s ;… :‬‬

‫‪(11‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﻠﻴﺎ ﻳﺨﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻗﻮﻯ ‪:‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫
ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ‪ ) P‬ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ‪،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻰ ﻧﺨﻮ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻞ ‪( G‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫
ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﺭﺗﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﺾ ‪) F‬ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺃﻓﻘﻲ ‪،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ ، G‬ﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪( G‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫
‪ R‬ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﻣﻨﺤﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪(G‬‬

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www.elghzizal.sup.fr ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬. ‫ﺫ‬

(12

: ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬

r r r r
P + R + F = m.a r
( O ; i ) ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻘﺎﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
d 2x
Px + R x + Fx = m
dt 2
d 2x d 2x K
0 + 0 − Kx = 2 ⇔ 2 + x = 0
dt dt m
(13
 k 
x = xM . cos  .t + ϕ 

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
 m 

dx k  k 
= – xM sin  t + ϕ  : ‫ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻣﻦ‬
dt m  m 
 
d 2x k  k 
2
= − xM . .cos  t + ϕ  : ‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
dt m  m 
d 2x k
2
+ x ‫ﻟﻨﻨﺠﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬
dt m
d 2x k k  k  k  k 
2
+ x = − xM . .cos  t +ϕ  +

. x M . cos 
 m
.t + ϕ  = 0

dt m m  m  m  
Xm‫ ﻭ‬ϕ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺣﻞ ﺃﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻲ‬
dx
‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬. v(0) = = 0 ‫ ﻭ‬x(0) = x0 = +2,0 cm ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ (14
dt
k k  k
v(0) = − xM sin  × 0 + ϕ  = − xM sin ϕ = 0
m m  m
sin ϕ = 0
ϕ = 0 rad.
 k 
x cos  × 0 + 0  = xM cos(0) = xM = 2,0 ⋅10− 2 m
x(0) = x0 = M  m 
 

3 www.bibliophy.sup.fr ‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺀ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ‬

‫‪www.elghzizal.sup.fr‬‬ ‫ﺫ ‪.‬ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬
‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪0,250‬‬
‫‪T0 = 2π‬‬ ‫‪= 2π‬‬ ‫‪= 0,99 s‬‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫
  اور‬

‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪ (21‬ﻳﺒﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﻲ ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺬﺑﺬﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻀﺒﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ‪ T‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻭ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ‪T0‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪ T = 1s‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪. (T0=0,99s‬‬

‫‪ (22‬ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ‪ Ec = ½ m.v²‬ﻭ ‪ ) EP = ½ k.x²‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻧﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ (‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ‪ , x = x0 = xM :‬ﻭ ‪ v = 0‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻧﺔ ﻗﺼﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ B‬ﻫﻮ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ C‬ﻫﻮ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺘﻴﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (23‬ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻐﻠﻬﺎ ﻳﺤﻮ‪‬ﻝ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫‪(24‬‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫= ‪ v x‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺎﺱ‬
‫‪dt‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻰ ‪X(t).‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪ t1‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫‪dx‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺩﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺎﺱ ‪ T1‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﺇﺫﻥ ‪〈 0‬‬
‫‪dt‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ dx ‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪. v =  ‬‬
‫‪ dt ‬‬
‫‪ .‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺱ ‪ T2‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪ t2‬ﻣﻮﺍﺯ ﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻡ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ur‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫‪ (25‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ f = − µ.v‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ f = µ.v‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﺩﺍ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪ t2‬ﻭﻗﺼﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪. t1‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﺤﻔﻆ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪، t2‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ) ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ( ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻐﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ) ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ (‬
‫ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻮ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ‪elghzizal@live.fr‬‬

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