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@@@@@@ @å¨@Þ†ìi@Z@ˆbnüa
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)V 2 ( 2.t + 1
2
= aN = ﺑﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ : õbíîÐÛa
r r
ﺍﻟﺘﻤـﺮﻳـﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ:
)( 2 * 0, 5 + 1 2
.
= aN −2
= 40m / s2 ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ t = 0, 5sﳒﺪ : .1
10.10
ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ) ( Sﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻐﲑﺓ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ ﻻﻥ ﺗﺴﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ a = 2m / S2
.
a
• دא
אوאW ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ ﻻﻥ ﺗﺴﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻱ = ɺɺθﺃﻳﻀﺎ
r
−ﻭﺯﻧﻪ . p ﺛﺎﺑﺖ.
ﺗﺎﺛﲑ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ . T − 1
ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﳉﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﻫﻲ x ( t ) = .a.t 2 + V0 .t + x 0 :ﺣﻴﺚ
2
−ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻞ . R
V0ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ x 0ﺍﻻﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ.
) (
O; i ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﱪﻫﻨﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ m.a = p + T + Rﻭ ﺍﺳﻘﺎﻃﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﶈﻮﺭ . V0 = 1m / S ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ :
ﻳﻌﻄﻲ : ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﳊﻈﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﻭ
m.ax = p x + Tx + R x ) 'V02 − V0' 2 = 2.a.(X 0 − X 0 ﳊﻈﺔ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ : 1m / S
ﺣﻴﺚ : ﺣﻴﺚ V0' = 0ﲤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ Oﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﻭ X 0' = 0ﳝﺜﻞ ﺃﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ
V02 12
V02 = 2.a.X 0 = ⇒ X0 = = 0, 25m ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ :
p x = p. i = m.g.cos(p; i ) = m.g.cos(90 − α) = −m.g.sin α 2.a 2 * 2
ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ :
Tx = T. i = T.cos(T; i ) = T.cos(0) = T
)X(t) = t 2 + t + 0, 25 (m
R x = R. i = R.cos(90) = 0
ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻢ ﻫﻲ :
ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ :
)dX(t
⇒ m.a = −m.g.sin α + T )T = m.(a + g.sin α) (I = )V(t = 2.t + 1
dt
ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺴﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻱ ﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﳏﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﻫﻮ :
)dV(t
= aT = 2m / s2
dt
@@@@@@ @å¨@Þ†ìi@Z@ˆbnüa
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ﺕ.ﻉ:. ٌ ∆R
2
* M = 9.10−3 −2
+ 0, 5 * ( 2 + 10 * sin30 ) * 10.10−2 'T
10.10
⊕ T R
. M = 0, 53N.m ﺍﺩﻥ:
'p i
. .2
α O
α
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺤﻔﻆ :
1 1
Em = .J∆ .θɺ 2 + .C.θ2 = Cte p
2 2
ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ : • دא
א صوאW
dEm 1 ɺɺ + 1 .2.C.θ.θɺ = 0 −ﻭ ﺯﺎ ' . P
= .2.J∆ .θɺ .θ
dt 2 2 −ﺗﺎﺛﲑ ﳏﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ∆ . R
(
⇒ θ. J∆ .θ + C.θ = 0
ɺ ɺɺ )
−ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺍﳋﻴﻂ ' . T
ﻭ ﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ θɺ ≠ 0ﻷﻧﻪ ﳝﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺹ ﻓﺈﻥ : −ﺍﳌﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ . M
ɺɺθ + C .θ = 0 ⇒ ɺɺθ + ω2 .θ = 0 ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﻮﻝ ﳏﻮﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ :
0
∆'J
) ( ) (
M + M∆ T ' + M∆ R ∆ + M∆ ( p ' ) = J∆ .θ
ɺɺ
ﺣﻴﺚ :
) (
C M∆ T ' = − T '.r
= ω0
ﺣﻴﺚ :
) (
M∆ ( p ' ) = M∆ R ∆ = 0
' ∆J
.
ﺇﺫﻥ:
π
= θm ﻣﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﳒﺪ : a a
6 M − T ' .r = J∆ .θ
ɺɺ = J .
∆ ⇒ M = J∆ . + T '.r
r r
ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﺄﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﺩﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺧﻄﻴﺔ . ɺɺθ = k.θ :
ﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ) (Iﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ' : T = T
ﺣﻴﺚ :
a
M = J∆ . + m ( a + g.sin α ) .r
r
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ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ ﺍﶈﺪﺙ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻟﻮﻟﱯ ﻫﻲ : ∆θ
ɺɺ 21 − 0
=k = ) = − 40, 1 ( S.I.
n ∆θ 0 − π / 6
B = µ0 . .I
ℓ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺘﲔ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻥ : ɺɺθ = −ω2 .θ = k.θ
0 ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ :
N A.ℓ
= µ0 . = A ⇒ µ 0 ﺃﻱ ﺍﻥ :
ℓ N
ﺕ.ﻉ:. ω20 = −k ⇒ ω0 = −k
6.10−3 * 0, 42
ﺕ.ﻉ:.
= µ0 )= 1, 256.10−6 ≈ 4.π.10−7 (S.I
2007 ω0 = 40, 1 = 6, 33rad / s
ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﳏﺮﻛﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺮﻳﺾ ﻧﺎﲡﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﰐ ﻟﻜﻮﻥ C
= ω20 ⇒ C = J∆ ' .ω02 ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ :
ﺍﻟﻮﺷﻴﻌﺔ ﳚﺘﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺗﻴﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﺗﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﲑﺓ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ. ' ∆J
)di(t −e C = 9.10−3 * 40, 1 = 0, 36N.m.rad−1 ﺕ.ﻉ:.
e = −L. =⇒ L ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻥ :
dt )di(t ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻮﺍﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻲ :
dt 1
ﺕ.ﻉ : Em = .C.θm2
2
)−(−2 ﺕ.ﻉ:.
=L = 2.10−2 H
100
π 2
. Em = .0, 36. = 5.10−2 J
1
. .2
2 6
1 1
= = N1 = 200Hz ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩ N1ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻟﺪ :
T 10div * 0, 5ms / div
ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ϕﻟﻠﺘﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﻮ : ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳـﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧـﻲ :
. .1
ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) B = f(Iﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺧﻄﻴﺔ:
τ 1div * 0, 5ms / div 1 π
ϕ = 2.π. = 2.π. = = 2.π. B = A.I
T 10div * 0, 5ms / div 10 5
ﺣﻴﺚ Aﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ :
∆B 6.10−3 − 3.10−3
=A = = 6.10−3 T / A
∆I 1 − 0, 5
@@@@@@ @å¨@Þ†ìi@Z@ˆbnüa
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1
C (
) = 2.π.N1 . 2.π.N1 .L − Z 2 − ( R + r
2
) ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ : = ) i(tﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻓﺄﻥ :
)uR (t
R
ﻣﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ ) u(tﻣﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺕ.ﻉ:. .ϕ > 0
π
=ϕ rad ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ :
5
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ﺕ.ﻉ : 3div * 2V / div π
= )uC (t −5
) .cos(2 * 3, 14 * 161* t −
4, 88.10 )* 2 * 3, 14 * 161* (10 + 2, 14 2
1 1 6, 62.10−34 * 3.108
= − = 0, 199
n 4 434.10−9 * 13, 6 * 1, 6.10−19 π
⇒ )uC (t) = 10.cos(1012.t − ) (V
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ : 2
.n = 5 ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ:
. .4 . .3
137 ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﻲ E1 = −13, 6eVﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﻲ E∞ = 0eV
: 55 Cs ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺗﻔﺘﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺰﻳﻮﻡ
ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻳﻦ.
0
13 7
55 → Cs A
ZBa + 0
−1 e + 0 ν ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ﻃﻴﻒ ﺍﻻﻧﺒﻌﺎﺙ ﻟﺬﺭﺓ ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﲔ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺍﱃ ﻛﻮﻥ ﻃﺎﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻜﻤﺎﺓ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻌﺔ.
137 = A A = 137 ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻟﻼﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺫﻱ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﺔ : λ = 434, 0nm
⇒ ﺣﻴﺚ :
55 = Z − 1 z = 56 En > Ep n
ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﻮﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ : t = 0
m0 1.10−3 * 10−3 h.ν
= N0 = −27
= 4, 4.1018
m(Cs) 136, 90707 * 1, 66.10
ﻧﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ : t = 3ans Ep p=2
)a = a0 .exp(−λ.t) = λ.N0 .exp(−λ.t ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺗﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ nﳓﻮ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ pﻫﻲ :
ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ
+ 2 = E0 . 2 − 2
E0 E0 1 1
h.ν = En − Ep = − 2
Ln2 n p 2 n
=λ ﺣﻴﺚ :
T ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ :
N0 * Ln2 Ln2
=a .exp(− = E0 . − 2 ⇒ 2 = −
).t ﻭﻣﻨﻪ : h.C 1 1 1 1 h.C
T T λ 4 n n 4 λ.E0
4, 4.1018 * Ln2 3 * Ln2
= .a .exp(− ﺕ.ﻉ ) = 3.109 Bq :
30 * 365 * 24 * 3600 30 1 1 h.C
⇒ = −
n 4 λ.E0
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