Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Contents
1. Slips, Trips, and Falls at Home 1
2. Fire Safety 3
3. Electrical Safety 7
4. Accidental Poisoning 10
5. Food Safety 13
6. Choking 15
7. Drowning 17
8. Playground Safety 19
9. Toy Safety 24
Avoid placing shag rugs, as they can cause falls by getting caught
on shoes.
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Off-Job Safety Booklet
Always keep your bathroom floor clean and dry by wiping up wet
floors immediately.
Use a soap dish to keep soap and other items off the bathtub or
shower floor.
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Going up or down the stairs
safely
Make sure all rugs have skid-resistant backing and the edges are
held down with carpet tape.
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4
Fire Safety
F ire poses a serious threat to everyone in your home. These
basic preventive measures can help you minimize the risk of fire
and related injuries:
Ensure the electrical wiring in
your home is installed properly
and in good condition.
Store oily cloths safely away from heat sources in closed metal
containers. Discard trash promptly.
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Post the phone number of the local fire department near all
telephones in your home and make sure that every member of the
family knows how to report a fire.
Kitchen fire
Kitchen or grease fires are a leading cause of home fires. Take these
steps to avoid them:
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Despite your best safety
efforts, a fire in your kitchen
may still start. If so, follow
these actions to put it out:
Smother a grease fire never
put water on a cooking fire! If
a cooking pan catches fire, turn
off the burner, put on an oven
mitt, and slide an appropriate
size lid onto the pan. If food in the oven catches fire, keep the
door shut and turn the oven off. If the fire doesnt go out, call
the fire department.
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Electrical Safety
E lectricity is an essential part of our daily life. Its so
commonplace that at times we forget the different hazards
that it can cause. Follow these simple rules to ensure electrical
safety at home:
Never force a plug into an outlet if
it doesnt fit properly.
Make sure that outlets and switch plates are not hot to touch.
Turn off electrical equipment before unplugging it; never use wet
hands to remove a plug.
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Never carry household appliances by the cord.
Use the proper wattage and type of bulb for each light fixture and
ensure that the bulb is screwed in securely.
Make sure light fixtures (e.g., table or floor lamps) are off
whenever a room will remain unoccupied for an extended time
period.
Make sure portable heaters are plugged directly into an outlet not
into an extension cord and are turned off and unplugged when
not in use.
For outdoor use, make sure extension cords are marked for
outdoor use and rated for the power needs of your tools.
Make sure electrical outlets around pools, ponds, and hot tubs are
equipped with GFCIs.
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Accidental Poisoning
E ach year many people are accidentally poisoned. The causes of
poisoning often vary according to age. Children younger than
6 years of age, for example, are at a greater risk of being poisoned
by household cleaners or products because they are curious and like
to put things in their mouths. Older adults who take medication are
poisoned by taking too much of a medication, the wrong kind, or
a mixture of medication. Here are ways to help poison-proof your
home room-by-room.
Bathroom
Place all medication inside childproof
cabinets that lock.
Never give medication to your child in the dark; you may give the
wrong dosage or even the wrong medication.
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Discard old and outdated
medicines by flushing them
down the toilet.
Bedroom
Keep personal care items, such as hair sprays, perfume, and nail
polish removers, away from childrens reach.
Only allow children to use toys and art supplies that are nontoxic
and lead free.
Living room
Visitors may carry medications in coat pockets, jackets, and
purses; make sure to hang garments and store purses out of
childrens reach.
Know the properties of all indoor and outdoor plants. Remove any
poisonous plants from your home and garden.
Kitchen
Never store cleaning products and food in the same area.
Always return a product to its proper storing place after use and
make sure that you close it properly.
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Garage
Store all hazardous products, such as pesticides, lawn chemicals,
paint and paint thinners, and automotive products, on high
shelves or locked cabinets away from childrens reach.
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Food Safety
T he potential for bacterial contamination is what makes eating
out in restaurants a safety concern. Food can be contaminated
with harmful bacteria if it has contact with:
Food thats not kept at the right temperature (e.g., food that has
been left at room temperature for more than two hours).
Danger signs
Dirty public areas such as dirty toilets and bathrooms. If the areas
you can see are not clean and managed well, imagine the state of
the areas you cannot see.
Staff with dirty hands or fingernails, dirty aprons, or dirty hair that
is not tied back.
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Good signs
Food that is very hot when served. Cold foods, such as salads, that
are properly cold when served.
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Choking
Be aware of toys
Pay close attention to the
age recommendations on the
package.
Teach older children to put their toys away and out of the reach of
younger children.
Make frequent checks around the house to make sure that toys
are safely put away. Remember to check under furniture and
between cushions.
Never give a small child a small toy, including toys small enough
to fit through a 3 cm circle, toys that are smaller than 6 cm long,
small toy cars with removable rubber wheels, marbles, and small
balls.
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Keep floors, tables, and cabinet tops free of small objects that
could be swallowed.
When visiting family and
friends, inspect and remove
choking hazards before
allowing your child to
wander around.
Encourage your child to eat slowly and chew his/her food well.
Never feed your child in a moving vehicle and dont let a child
suck on candies or eat food while lying down.
When serving hotdogs, slice each one down lengthwise and then
cut it into small pieces.
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Drowning
Bathtubs
Make sure to always drain the bathtub from water after each use.
Children can drown in very little water.
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Buckets
Toilets
Keep the toilet lid down and consider using a toilet latch to stop
young children from opening the lid. Better yet, keep bathroom
doors closed.
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Playground Safety
P laying at playgrounds promotes the healthy development
of children and gives them the opportunity to run, climb,
and explore with other children. However, many children visit
the emergency room every year because of playground-related
injuries. Here are some steps to help ensure childrens safety at
playgrounds.
Playground supervision
Constantly supervise your child
at play.
Soft surfaces
The fall zone (the area under and around the equipment where
a child falling from the equipment would land) should extend at
least 2 m in all directions from the edge of the equipment.
The fall zone surface should be free of standing water, debris, and
sharp objects.
The fall zone should be filled with loose-fill material that cushions
falls, such as sand and wood chips. Concrete, asphalt, and grass
are too hard to cushion falls.
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Safe equipment
Swings
They should be equipped with soft plastic seats, not metal
or wooden ones. Metal seats can get too hot in the summer
causing burns, while wooden seats can have splinters or sharp
components that can injure.
Slides
Slides should be well anchored
and have firm handrails and good
traction on the steps.
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Seesaws
Dont allow children to use
adjustable seesaws with chains
because they can crush their hands
under the chain.
Make sure that guardrails surround all elevated platforms and are
at least 78 cm high.
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Sliding
Hold on with both hands as you go up
and down the steps; take one step at a
time.
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Make sure no one is in front of the slide before sliding down.
Leave the bottom of the slide after you have taken your turn.
Seesawing
Sit facing each other, not leaning back.
Climbing
Use both hands.
Be careful when climbing down and watch out for others climbing
up.
Avoid using the climbing equipment where there are too many
children.
Start all from the same end of the equipment and move in the
same direction.
Stay well behind the person in front and watch out for swinging
feet.
Drop from the bars with knees slightly bent and land on both feet.
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Toy Safety
P laying with toys is an essential part of every childs life.
Unfortunately, some toys can be dangerous for children. Poorly
constructed toys or toys that are inappropriate for a childs age and
maturity level can lead to injuries and even death. (Information on
how to prevent choking on toys can be found on page 15.)
Consider the noise level of the toy. Some toys, such as pop guns,
can produce noise levels that can damage hearing.
Before letting your child play with the new toy, discard all
accompanying plastic wrappers or bags. These pose a risk for
suffocation if children place them over their head.
Check toys regularly to ensure that they are not damaged or pose
hazards. Throw away broken toys.
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Toys that are used
outside should be stored
properly when children
finish playing with them.
A previously safe toy
can become dangerous
if damaged or rusted by
prolonged exposure to
moisture.
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Sports Safety
G etting plenty of physical activity by being involved in sports
is important for childrens developing bodies and minds.
Parents can take steps to help ensure that their children avoid
sport-related injuries.
Use proper protective equipment
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Provide adequate adult supervision and commitment
to safety
Select leagues and teams that value the importance of safety and
injury prevention during sports.
Enroll your child in a team with a coach who enforces safe playing
rules and requires the use of personal protective equipment.
Make sure your child is adequately prepared for the sport with
warm-up exercises and training sessions before participating in
actual competitive games.
Make sure your child drinks plenty of fluids before and after the
activity.
Ensure after-the-game precautions
Cool down. Cooling down exercises will help
loosen the bodys muscles that have tightened
during sports.
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Sun Protection
S taying cool in Saudi Arabia is more than a matter of comfort;
its also a safety concern. Every year, high temperatures put
people at risk for heat-related illnesses.
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Prickly heat
Prickly heat is a rash of tiny red pin-head spots and tiny blisters that
commonly occurs on parts of the skin that remain moist, such as the
babys diaper area or under the chin. Protect your babys skin from
prickly heat by:
Keeping the babys skin dry. For example, remove the babys
diaper from time to time to allow the skin to dry.
Changing the babys clothes more often and giving tepid baths.
Cover your babys body, arms, and legs with clothing, and his/her
head with a wide-brimmed hat.
Dehydration
If babies dont get enough to drink or they lose a lot of fluid through
diarrhea, vomiting, or sweating, they can become dehydrated. To
prevent dehydration:
Provide breastfed babies with extra breast milk to meet their fluid
needs.
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Appearing unwell.
Weight loss.
Dried skin.
Sunken fontanel.
Most babies can recover from minor dehydration with extra fluids. Seek
immediate medical assistance if you suspect that your baby is seriously
dehydrated.
Heat stroke
Heat stroke, a serious or fatal condition,
occurs when too much water is lost and
the babys or childs temperature starts to
rise.
Coma
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What to do for heat stroke
If your baby or child has any of the above signs of heat stroke, seek
immediate medical treatment. While waiting for medical help, you
should keep your child covered with cool, damp cloths. Keep trying to
give your child small amounts of fluids unless she/he is unconscious
and unable to swallow.
Scheduling outdoor activities for the cooler time of the day, before
10 a.m. and after 4 p.m.
Taking frequent breaks and
drinking water or other non-
caffeinated fluids every 15 to
20 minutes, even if you dont
feel thirsty during an outdoor
activity.
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Heat rash
Also known as prickly heat, is a condition that occurs in hot, humid
environments.
Clean skin.
Heat cramps
Heat cramps are painful muscle spasms that occur from drinking large
quantities of water without replacing lost body salt.
Loosen clothing.
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Heat exhaustion
Heat exhaustion happens when one is exposed to heat for a prolonged
period of time and the bodys effort to cool itself results in significant
loss of body fluid and certain essential minerals, such as sodium and
potassium. If not treated, heat exhaustion can lead to serious health
problems.
Excessive sweating.
Vomiting.
Heat stroke
Heat stroke occurs when the bodys temperature-regulating system fails.
A malfunction of the temperature regulation center in your brain causes
sweating to stop and your body temperature to rapidly rise above 40 C
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(104 F). At such high temperatures, vital organs are prone to damage
and failure.
Mental confusion.
Place wet sheets around the body or wrap ice in clean cloths and
place them on the victims wrist, ankles, and neck to cool the large
blood vessels.
Perform Basic Life Support if the victim has no pulse and only if
youre trained to do so.
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Water Safety
Pool Safety
Community pool safety rules
Follow these important safety rules
when visiting a community pool
Dont allow diving from the side of the pool unless the water is at
least 1.5 m deep.
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Teach your children how to swim.
Enroll them in swim classes when
theyre approximately 3 years of
age.
Beach safety
If youre planning a day at the beach,
follow the guidelines below to ensure
your own and your familys safety.
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Stay away from piers, pilings, and diving platforms when in the
water.
Drink plenty of water regularly and often, even if you dont feel
thirsty.
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Traffic Safety
Vehicle safety
Safe driving means driving defensively
to avoid a preventable incident.
Defensive driving can improve
your ability to think, observe,
communicate, coordinate, and
navigate in traffic. Practice these
preventive measures for safe driving.
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Use the horn whenever youre not sure another driver sees you.
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Bicycle safety
Bicycles are a wonderful source of
exercise and fun but theyre not
without danger. Serious incidents
have occurred from bicycle and
vehicle collisions. The following tips
can help you prevent these types
of incidents:
your size and the kind of riding you do. Consider the bicycles
weight, height, and design.
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Obey all traffic rules and regulations when youre riding your bike.
Remember that on a bicycle youre more vulnerable to incidents
than a driver inside the steel body of a vehicle.
Keep your bicycle under control dont show off, weave, or race.
Ride with traffic, not against it. Ride as far to the right as possible.
Ride on the street and not the sidewalk, which is meant for
pedestrians.
Watch for parked cars pulling out or car doors opening suddenly.
Travel in single file when riding with others and always allow one
full bike length between bicycles.
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Pedestrian safety
Being a pedestrian in traffic puts you at risk. Children from 1 to 12 years
old are at risk when in traffic. It is your responsibility to teach children
how to stay safe. Demonstrate to your children the right way to be safe
pedestrians:
Before stepping off a curb, look left, right, and left again for
traffic. Look over your shoulders for vehicles. Make eye contact
with drivers. Just because you see a driver doesnt mean that the
driver sees you.
Cross at intersections or
crosswalks, where possible.
Obey all traffic signals and
walk signs. Wait until all vehicles stop or clear the intersection
before stepping off the curb.
See and be seen. Never dart out into the street. Drivers need to
see you to avoid you. Make eye contact with the driver when
crossing busy streets. Always wear brightly colored or reflective
clothing. Consider carrying a flashlight when walking at night.
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First Aid Basics
Burns
Treatment
Stop the burning process by cooling the area. Apply a cool, wet
cloth to the burn or immerse the burned area in cool not ice
water until the victim no longer feels the pain.
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Treatment
Immerse the burned area in cool water until the pain stops.
Treat for shock and elevate the burned area above the level of the
heart.
Treatment
While waiting for medical help to arrive, cool the area with water
until the pain stops, then carefully remove clothing if its not
sticking to the skin. Dont use ice/ice water.
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Cover loosely with dry, sterile
dressings or with a dry clean
sheet if the burn is large. Dont
clean, apply ointment, or break
blisters.
Chemical burns
Should a chemical burn occur,
immediately call 110 or 997. If a
harmful corrosive chemical comes in
contact with the skin, flush the area
with water until emergency medical
services arrive.
If the burn was the result of contact with a dry chemical or powder,
brush the chemical off with a gloved hand before flushing the burn with
water for at least 30 minutes.
If the chemical has made contact with the eye, flush the affected eye
immediately with water from the nose outward until emergency services
arrives.
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Shock
Always treat a seriously injured person
for shock. Severe shock can cause death.
Dont attempt to give the victim anything
to drink. Seek medical help immediately.
Symptoms of shock
Pale, cold, clammy skin, mottled in color.
Apathy
Nausea
Treatment
If the victim doesnt have a head and/or neck injury, or broken hip
or leg bones, place the victim on his/her back and elevate the legs
about 30 cm.
If the victim has a head or neck injury, keep the victim lying flat.
Dont move the victim unless there is immediate danger.
If the victim vomits, place the victim on one side to let fluids drain
from the mouth.
Choking
Adults who are around children should
get proper training in First Aid to be able
to help children. Proper first aid training
for choking depends on the age of the
child.
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For a conscious child older than 1 year of age
Experts recommend abdominal thrusts, often called the Heimlich
maneuver.
To give abdominal thrusts
Turn the infant over face down on your forearm, with the infants
head lower than his/her chest; rest your forearm on your thigh.
Support the infants head and neck by firmly holding the jaw.
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Turn the infant onto his/her back. Rest your forearm on your
thigh. Keep the infants head lower than the chest.
Give five chest thrusts. Each thrust should be about 0.5 cm deep.
Poisoning
If a poisoning occurs:
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Here are some emergency tips for certain types of
poisonings.
Inhaled poison
Take the person to fresh air immediately, if the scene is safe.
If the person is not breathing and you are properly trained, begin
Basic Life Support.
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2. Call
If the victim doesnt respond, call the emergency medical services (EMS)
system at once, or have someone call (in Saudi Aramco communities,
dial 110; in the local communities, dial 997) or do it yourself if nobody is
available.
3. Care
l. Position if necessary
If the victim is face down and you cant tell whether or not he/she
is breathing, position him/her on his/her back by kneeling facing
the victims hips and shoulders.
Straighten his/her legs
and move the arm closer
to you above his/her
head, the other arm
along his/her body.
Place one hand under his/her head and neck and the other hand
on his/her hip. Roll the victim toward you as a single unit.
Place the victims arm which is further from you alongside his/her
body.
Place one hand on the victims forehead and two fingers of the
other hand under the bony part of the chin.
Tilt the head and lift the chin. Avoid closing the victims mouth or
pushing on the soft part under the chin.
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B. Check for breathing
Cover the victims mouth with your lips and make a tight seal,
pinch the nose shut and blow slowly for 1 to 2 seconds. Pause
between breaths to let air flow out.
Watch the victims chest rise each time you breathe to make sure
your breaths are going in.
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sure to bring a first aid kit on family vacations. Include the following in
each of your first aid kits:
Sterile gauze
Adhesive tape
Elastic bandage
Antiseptic wipes
Antibiotic cream
Tweezers
Sharp scissors
Safety pins
Calamine lotion
Thermometer
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Emergency numbers
Local communities
Ambulance 997
By mobile phone:
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