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1
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﻤﺠﺎل" ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ " ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.337 •
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻝﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻴﺘﻡ
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﻺﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل.
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﻤﺠﺎل" ﺘﺩﻨﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ" ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.018ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل •
ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻝﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻻ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﻺﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل.
ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ:
ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻀﺭﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻴﻨﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ
ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﹰﺎ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺔ ).Central Limit Theorem (CLT
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ:
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻁﺭﻕ ﻝﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻫﻤﺎ:
ﺃﻭ ﹰﻻ:
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Z
n=
2m
ﺤﻴﺙ Z=1.96ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ ،Z=1.96، α = 0.05ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺄ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺸﻲ = 0.05
ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺤﺢ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺩﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ:
nN
= ncorrected
N + n −1
ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ:
http://www.isixsigma.com/offsite.asp?A=Fr&Url=http://www.surveyguy.com/SGcalc.htm
ﺜﺎﻨﻴ ﹰﺎ:
N
=n
Nα 2 + 1
ﺤﻴﺙ Nﻫﻭ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ α = 0.05 ،ﻫﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ :ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻴﺤﺩﺩ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﺢ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ:
ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﺢ
ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺸﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ 1ﺇﻝﻰ 1.79
ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻤﻥ 1,80ﺇﻝﻰ 2.59
ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﻥ 2.60ﺇﻝﻰ 3.39
ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻤﻥ 3.40ﺇﻝﻰ 4.19
ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺸﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ 4.20ﺇﻝﻰ 5
ﻭﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻫﻲ ) (5/4ﺃﻱ ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ 0.80ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﺴﺒﺕ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ
ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺴﺔ 5 ،4 ،3 ،2 ،1ﻗﺩ ﺤﺼﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ 4ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ.
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻝﻴﻜﺭﺕ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﻲ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻼﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ .ﺘـﻡ
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ:
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺴﺒﻴﺭﻤﺎﻥ ) (Spearman Correlation Coefficientﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ .ﻴـﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻫـﺫﺍ -1
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻼﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ.
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ) (Sign Testﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺩ ).(3 -2
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺎﻥ – ﻭﺘﻨﻲ) (Mann-Whitney Testﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤـﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒـﻴﻥ -3
ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﻴﺔ.
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻜﺭﻭﺴﻜﺎل – ﻭﺍﻻﺱ) (Kruskal – Wallis Testﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤـﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ -4
ﺒﻴﻥ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﻴﺔ.
ﻼ ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ )ﻭﺴﻴﻁ( ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ
ﻼ :ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﺜ ﹰ
ﻓﻤﺜ ﹰ
ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ .ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀـﻴﺔ
ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ:
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ :ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 3ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﻘﺎﺒل ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁﺔ )ﻤﺤﺎﻴـﺩ( ﺤـﺴﺏ
ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻝﻴﻜﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ.
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻴﻠﺔ :ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻻ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 3
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ) Sig.(P-valueﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ •
ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ.
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ) Sig.(P-valueﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻓﻴﺘﻡ ﺭﻓـﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀـﻴﺔ ﺍﻝـﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺒـﻭل •
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ.
ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﺒـﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴـﺔ •
ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ .ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ ﻓﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤـﺴﺎﺒﻲ
ﻝﻺﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻜﺱ ﺼﺤﻴﺢ.
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺜﺎﻨﻴ ﹰﺎ :ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺠﻲ )" (10-1ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ"
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ار
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ " "1ﺘﻤﺜل ﺃﺩﻨﻰ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ "10" ،ﺘﻤﺜل ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻤﻰ
ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﹰﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﹰﺎ .ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﻲ:
ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻼ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﺭﺴﻭﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺴﺒﻴﺭﻤﺎﻥ ) (Pearson/Speramn Correlation Coefficientﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ .1
ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ :ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﻴﻥ.
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍ (T- Test) Tﺃﻭﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ) (Sign Testﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻭﺼل .2
ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ 6ﺃﻡ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍ Tﻝﻠﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ) (Independent Samples T-Testﺃﻭﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺎﻥ -ﻭﺘﻨﻲ (Mann- .3
) Whitneyﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺘﻴﻥ.
ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ ) (One Way ANOVAﺃﻭ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻜﺭﻭﺴﻜﺎل-ﻭﺍﻻﺱ( )(Kruskal-Wallis .4
ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ.
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ) Sig.(P-valueﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻓﻴﺘﻡ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ •
ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ.
ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ .ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ ﻓﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻝﻺﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ
ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻜﺱ ﺼﺤﻴﺢ.
6
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
7
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻜل ﻓﻘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻷﻭل ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎل
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺴﺒﻴﺭﻤﺎﻥ
ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ
ﻝﻼﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ
)(.Sig
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ
ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻡ
*0.000 0.703 ﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﻙ ﻋﺎﺌﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻼﺌﻤﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺭ ).(ROI .1
...
ﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﺒـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﺨﻭل ﺇﻝـﻰ
*0.000 0.640 .10
ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ.
* ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺩﺍل ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ .α =0.05
8
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻝﻔﺎ ﻜﺭﻭﻨﺒﺎﺥ ﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺃﻝﻔﺎ ﻜﺭﻭﻨﺒﺎﺥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻡ
ﻭﺍﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺃﻝﻔﺎ ﻜﺭﻭﻨﺒﺎﺥ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻝﻜـل ﻤﺠـﺎل ﻭﺘﺘـﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﺒـﻴﻥ
0.930 ،0.802ﻝﻜل ﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ .ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺃﻝﻔـﺎ ﻝﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﻓﻘـﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺴـﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ
) . (0.943ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺘﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﺒﻴﻥ ،0.964 ،0.896ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻝﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﻓﻘـﺭﺍﺕ
ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ) . (0.971ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ .ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺇﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ
ﻴﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ.
ﺏ -ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺯﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻔﻴﺔ :Split Half Method
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺯﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ
ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻡ
ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺩل
0.835 0.716 ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ .1
... .2
0.952 0.908 ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ .3
0.962 0.928 ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ .4
ﻭﺍﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺩل )ﺴﺒﻴﺭﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺭﺍﻭﻥ (Spearman Brown
ﻤﻘﺒﻭل ﻭﺩﺍل ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ.
9
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ:
ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ. .1
... .2
.5ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻝﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ.
.6ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﻴﻥ ﺤﻭل )ﻤﺩﻯ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺒﻌـﺎﺩ ﺒﻁﺎﻗـﺔ ﻗﻴـﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ( ،ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ )ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ،ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺼﺎﺹ،
ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ،ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭﺓ ،ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻝﺩﺨل(.
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ:
" ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ "
ﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁﺔ
)ﻤﺤﺎﻴﺩ( ﻭﻫﻲ 3ﺃﻡ ﻻ .ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(.
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎل ) (Sig.ﻝﻜل ﻓﻘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺒﻲ
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ )(.Sig
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ
ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ
ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻡ
10
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.000ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﺩﺍﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ، α = 0.05ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴـﺩل
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ )ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﻴﺩ( ﻭﻫﻲ 3ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ
ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ.
-ﻭﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﺒﺄﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 4.02ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺒﻲ ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺠـﺎل
ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ ،% 80.42ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ؟ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.000ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﺠـﺎل " ﺍﻝﺒﻌـﺩ
ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ " ﺩﺍﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ، α = 0.05ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠـﺎل ﻴﺨﺘﻠـﻑ
ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ )ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﻴﺩ( ﻭﻫﻲ 3ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻘـﺭﺍﺕ
ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﻝﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ.
ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻭﻕ
ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﻴﻥ ﺤﻭل )ﻤﺩﻯ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤـﺎﺕ ﺃﺒﻌـﺎﺩ ﺒﻁﺎﻗـﺔ ﻗﻴـﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ( ،ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝـﺴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺸﺨـﺼﻴﺔ )ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫـل،... ،
ﺍﻝﺩﺨل(.
ﺃﻭ ﹰﻻ :ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﻴﻥ ﺤﻭل )ﻤﺩﻯ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴـﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ( ،ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ.
-ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( :ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ
ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ % ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ
83.1 74 ﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ
16.9 15 ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ
100.0 89 ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ
11
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل
ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ
0.072 1.46
*0.024 ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻼﺀ
1.98
*0.007 ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ
2.48
*0.011 ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻤﻭ
2.29
ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ
0.177 0.93
*0.011 ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ
2.31
* ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺩﺍل ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ . α = 0.05
ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ " ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻼﺀ ،ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ،ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻤﻭ ،ﺠﻤﻴـﻊ
ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ " ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻗﺒﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺒﺄﻨﺔ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ
ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ.
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎﻝﻴﻥ " ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ" ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻝﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻜﺒـﺭ
ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤـﻭل ﻫـﺫﻴﻥ
ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻝﻴﻥ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺏ ﻹﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻤﺩﻯ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ
ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ.
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( :ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺭﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ؟ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ
ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل
ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ
53.87 43.20 ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻲ
...
12
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻹﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻤﻠـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺠـﺴﺘﻴﺭ
ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ .ﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻤﻠـﺔ
ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻤﺩﻯ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺒﻨﻙ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ
ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ ) (BSCﺘﻌﺯﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﺨل
-ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﺨل
ﺠﺩﻭل ) ( :ﺍﻝﺩﺨل
ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ
% ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﺨل
16.9 15 3000-2000ﺸﻴﻘل
30.3 27 4000-3001ﺸﻴﻘل
52.8 47 ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ 4000ﺸﻴﻘل
100.0 89 ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ
ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻜﺭﻭﺴﻜﺎل -ﻭﺍﻻﺱ" ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﻴﻥ
ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺘﻌﺯﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﺨل .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟ ( :ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻌﺔ -ﺍﻝﺩﺨل
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ )(.Sig
ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺔ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل
...
13
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻤﺴﻠﺴل
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ
ﺍﻭﻻ
ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ
ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ:
ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ،ﻀﻌﻑ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ ،ﻀﻌﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ،
ﻓﺸل ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ،ﺘﺩﻨﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ
ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ:
ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻴﺅﺜﺭ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﹰﺎ ) ( Significantﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺭﻀﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ. -
.... -
ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻴﺅﺜﺭ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﹰﺎ ) ( Significantﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺩﻨﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ -
ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ .
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ:
ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ
ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ) (11-1ﻤﻥ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ
ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ،ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ) Tﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(( ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ 6ﺃﻡ ﻻ .ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(
ﺍﻷﻭﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻴﺔ ،ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﻜل ﻓﻘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺠﺎل "ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ
ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ"
ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ T ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ
ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ)(Sig.
ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ
0.84 2 6.23 .1
0.202 ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ
ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺠﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ
1.65 1 6.48 .2
0.051 ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ
*0.000 -8.61 11 4.00 ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻤﻭل ﺒﻬﺎ .3
*0.000 -5.31 5.04 ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﻌﹰﺎ
* ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ) (6ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ .α=0.05
14
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻝﻠﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺴﺔ " ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺠﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ •
ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ" ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 6.48ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 1.65ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ) (Sig.ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.051ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ
ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻻ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ) (6ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ
ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻴﻘﺘﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ.
ﻼ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ
ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺃﻥ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﺘﻘل ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻓﻤﺜ ﹰ •
ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺴﺔ " ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻤﻭل ﺒﻬﺎ" ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 4.00
ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ -8.61ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ) (Sig.ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.000ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ
0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻴﻘل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ) (6ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺭﻀﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻤﻭل ﺒﻬﺎ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 5.04ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ -5.31 T •
ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ) (Sig.ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.000ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻲ
ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺓ ﻴﻘل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ) (6ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺭﻀﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ
ﺤﻭل ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻭﻕ:
ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻥ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ )ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ،ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ ،ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ ،ﺍﻝﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ(
• ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ
ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ )ﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ
ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟(( ﻭﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺎﻥ-ﻭﺘﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ )ﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ
ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟((.
• ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ " ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ،ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ( ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ
ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺼﻠﺢ ﻝﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ 3ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ
ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ )ﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل
)؟(( .ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ " ﻜﺭﻭﺴﻜﺎل – ﻭﺍﻻﺱ" ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﻷﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ
ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟((.
ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻝﻤﺠﺎل " ﻀﻌﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ " ﻜﺎﻨﺕ
ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل "
15
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻀﻌﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ .ﺃﻱ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل
ﻀﻌﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﻝﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻀﻌﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ
ﺫﻭﻭ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ 10-6ﺴﻨﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺫﻭﻭ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ 5
ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻓﺄﻗل ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.003ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ
. α = 0.05
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ
ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ
ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺔ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( :ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ
ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ
ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ
ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﹸﻌﺯﻯ ﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ
ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﻝﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.221 ،0.082ﻭ 0.065ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ
ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ.
16
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ " ﻓﺸل ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ " ﻓﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ
0.000ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ
ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺭﻕ ﻝﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺙ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Tﺴﺎﻝﺒﺔ.
ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ" ﺘﺩﻨﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ" ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺎﻥ -ﻭﺘﻨﻲ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺩﻭل )؟( .ﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ -
2.42ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ) (Sig.ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 0.008ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ α = 0.05ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻨﻪ
ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺭﻕ ﻝﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺙ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻝﻺﻨﺎﺙ ﻴﺴﺎﻭﻱ 78.60ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ
ﻝﻠﺫﻜﻭﺭ 47.39ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ .ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ
ﺠﺩﻭل ) ؟( :ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺏ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺏ ﻹﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩﻨﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ
ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ.
ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ
47.39 ﺫﻜﺭ
78.60 ﺃﻨﺜﻲ
17
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
18
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﺒﻠﻎ ) (-0.094ﻭﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ Sig. =0.346ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤـﺴﺘﻭﻯ
ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ 0.05ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺴﻌﺭ
ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻭﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺍﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ .ﻭﻗﺩ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ r2ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻅﻬﺭ ﻫـﺫﺍ
ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘل ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ) (%0.89ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ،ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻡ
ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ) (%99.11ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴـﺭ
ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ.
ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ:
ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻭﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴـﺔ) .ﻜﻠﻤـﺎ
ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ(.
ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﺒﻠﻎ ) (0.691ﻭﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ Sig. =0.000ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻗل ﻤـﻥ ﻤـﺴﺘﻭﻯ
ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻝﺔ 0.05ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻁﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺴﻌﺭ
ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻭﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ .ﻭﻗﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ r2ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤـﺴﺘﻘل ﻗـﺎﺩﺭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ) (%47.70ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ،ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨـﻼل ﻫـﺫﺍ
ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ) (%52.30ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ.
ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ:
ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻝﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ STEPWISEﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻅﻬـﺭ
ﻓﻘﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺅﺜﺭﺓ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﺩﻝﺔ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ.
ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻭﺭﺼﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ:
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺘﺭﻴﺔ، .1
ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﺼﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻘﻘﺔ .2
ﻭ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺘﺭﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﻱ. .3
ﻭﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ ) (0.994ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤـل ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴـﺩ
ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺩل ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ) (%98.70ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴـﺭ
ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ .ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ) (%1.30ﻓﻴﺭﺠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻤﺘﻐﻴـﺭﺍﺕ
Sig. ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ .ﻭﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﺨﻁ ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺩﺍﺭ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ Fﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ 470.712ﻭﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ
=0.000ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ .ﻭﺒﻨﺎ ﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻴﺤﺩﺩ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﻻﻨﺤﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻭﺭﺼﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ:
ﺴﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﻗﻊ = (x3) ×0.695 + (x2) × 2.113 + (x1) ×1.509 + 1.603-
)(4.001 )(4.513 )(26.172 )(-5.897 ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ :t
)(0.001 )(0.000 )(0.000 )(0.000 ﻗﻴﻤﺔ :Sig.
ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻥ :x1 :ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺘﺭﻴﺔ :x2 ،ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﺼﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻘﻘﺔ :x3 ،ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤـﺔ
ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺘﺭﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﻱ
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
-2ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭ:
ﺏ -ﻤﻥ 30ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ 35ﺴﻨﺔ ﺃ -ﻤﻥ 25ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ 30ﺴﻨﺔ
ﺩ -ﻤﻥ 40ﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﺄﻜﺜﺭ ﺝ -ﻤﻥ 35ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻗل 40ﺴﻨﺔ
-3ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ:
ﺩ -ﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ ﺝ -ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﺏ -ﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ ﺃ -ﺩﺒﻠﻭﻡ
-4ﺍﻝﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ:
ﺏ -ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺃ -ﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ
ﺩ -ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺝ -ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل
-5ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ:
ﺩ -ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺝ -ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺏ -ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﻗﺴﻡ ﺃ -ﻤﺤﺎﺴﺏ
-7ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﻘﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺯﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﻴﺎﺕ:
ﺝ -ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ 4ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺏ -ﻤﻥ 4-1ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺃ -ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ
20
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ :ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﻭﻀﻊ ﻋﻼﻤﺔ )( ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ
ﻤﺩﻯ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭﻭﻋﻴﻬﺎ ﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺯﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﺯﺍﻴﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻜﺄﺩﺍﺓ ﻝﻠﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻠﺩﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ
ﻏﺯﺓ.
ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ
ﺍﻝﻌﺒـــــﺎﺭﺓ
ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻝﻼﺯﻡ ﻝﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺯﻨﺎﺕ. 15- 1
ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ
21
ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺒﺈﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺤﻭل ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ﻭﻝﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ
ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ:
ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﻴﺔ:
:Hoﻻ ﻴﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ.
:Hoﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ.
:Hoﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻯ ﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭﺓ.
:Hoﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺩﺍل ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﹰﺎ ﻝﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ.
:Hoﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺫﻭ ﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺭﻀﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ.
ﺍﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ:
ﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﺍﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ:
ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻷﻭل :ﻴﻘﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻤﻭﻏﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ.
ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ :ﻴﻘﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ.
ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ :ﻴﻘﻴﺱ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺘﻌﺒﺌﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻜل ﻤﻭﻅﻑ.
ﺃﻭﻻ :ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ:
) ( ﺃﻨﺜﻰ ( ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺱ) :
( ﺩﺒﻠﻭﻡ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ) ( ﺒﻜﺎﻝﻭﺭﻴﻭﺱ ) ( ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ ( ) :ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﺄﻗل )
ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ _______ :ﺴﻨﺔ
ﺃﺭﺠﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻜﺭﻡ ﺒﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻭﻭﻀﻊ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ )×( ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ:
ﻻ ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻻ ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻕ
ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻤﺤﺎﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ
ﺒﺸﺩﺓ ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺒﺸﺩﺓ
ﺃﻨﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﺩ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﻤﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ (1
ﺃﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺼﺩﻗﺎﺌﻲ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻋﻅﻴﻤﺔ ﺘﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﻤل (2
ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ.
ﺃﺸﻌﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺨﻼﺹ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ (3
ﺃﻨﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﺩ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﺎ ﻷﻱ ﻋﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻝﻜﻲ ﺍﺤﺘﻔﻅ ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ (4
ﺃﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﻲ ﺘﻁﺎﺒﻕ ﻗﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ (5
ﺃﻓﺘﺨﺭ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺃﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ﺒﺄﻨﻨﻲ ﻓﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ (6
ﺃﻨﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﺩ ﻷﻥ ﺃﻋﻤل ﻝﺩﻯ ﺃﻱ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻁﺎﻝﻤﺎ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ (7
ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺘﺠﻌﻠﻨﻲ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺩﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻲ ﻝﻠﻌﻤل (8
ﻤﺠﺭﺩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻀﻌﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﻗﺩ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺒﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ (9
ﺘﺭﻙ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ
ﺃﻨﺎ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺒﺄﻨﻨﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺭﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻷﻋﻤل ﻝﺩﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ (10
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ﺩ .ﺴﻤﻴﺭ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ
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