INSTRUCTIONS:

 Work in groups composed of 3 members only.

 WRITE your solutions on short bond paper and submit your papers in a folder.
 For references, go to the library or use the internet for more information.
 This seatwork/homework is to be submitted next week and is equivalent to one quiz.

CONCRETE T-Beam BRIDGE DESIGN

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Design a reinforced concrete T-beam bridge for a 44-ft-wide roadway and three-spans of 35 ft–
42 ft–35 ft with a skew of 30° as shown in Figure 1. Use the concrete deck of Figures 2 and 3
previously designed for an HL-93 live load, a bituminous overlay, and a 8-ft spacing of girders.
Use fc‘= 4.5 ksi, fy = 60 ksi, and follow the outline of AASHTO (2004) LRFD Bridge Specifications,
Section 5, Appendix A5.3.

FIGURE 1: T-beam bridge design example: (a) elevation, (b) plan, and (c) section.

FIGURE 2: Traditional design of interior deck spans.

 FIGURE 3: Concrete barrier and connection to deck overhang.

Outline of AASHTO (2004) LRFD Bridge Specifications, Section 5, Appendix A5.3.

A. Develop General Section

B. Develop Typical Section and Design Basis
1. Top Flange Thickness [A5.14.1.5.1a]
2. Bottom Flange Thickness (not applicable to T-beam)
3. Web Thickness [A5.14.1.5.1c and C5.14.1.5.1c]
4. Structure Depth (Table 2.1) [Table A2.5.2.6.3-1]
5. Reinforcement Limits
6. Effective Flange Widths [A4.6.2.6.1]
C. Design Conventionally Reinforced Concrete Deck
D. Select Resistance Factors (Table 7.10) [A5.5.4.2]
E. Select Load Modifiers [A1.3.2.1]
F. Select Applicable Load Combinations (Table 3.1) [Table A3.4.1-1]
G. Calculate Live-Load Force Effects
1. Select Number of Lanes [A3.6.1.1.1]
2. Multiple Presence (Table 4.6) [A3.6.1.1.2]
3. Dynamic Load Allowance (Table 4.7) [A3.6.2.1] Not applied to the design lane load.
4. Distribution Factors for Moment [A4.6.2.2.2]
a. Interior Beams with Concrete Decks (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.2b and Table
A4.6.2.2.2b-1]
b. Exterior Beams (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.2d and Table A4.6.2.2.2d-1]
c. Skewed Bridges (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.2e]
d. Distributed Live-Load Moments
5. Distribution Factors for Shear [A4.6.2.2.3]
a. Interior Beams (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.3a and Table A4.6.2.2.3a-1]
b. Exterior Beams (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.3b and Table A4.6.2.2.3b-1]
c. Skewed Bridges (Table 6.5) [A4.6.2.2.3c and Table A4.6.2.2.3c-
d. Distributed Live-Load Shears
6. Reactions to Substructure [A3.6.1.3.1]
H. Calculate Force Effects from Other Loads
1. Interior Girders
 2. Exterior Girders
I. Investigate Service Limit State
1–3. Prestress Girders Not applicable.
4. Investigate Durability [C5.12.1]
5. Crack Control [A5.7.3.4]
a. Effective Flange Width [A4.6.2.6.1]
b. Positive Bending Reinforcement—Exterior Girder (Table 3.1)
[Table A3.4.1-1] Service I limit state, ηi = 1.0, gravity load factors = 1.0, moments
from Table E7.3-2:
6. Investigate Fatigue
Fatigue Limit State (Table 3.1) [Table A3.4.1-1]
7. Calculate Deflection and Camber (Table 3.1) [Table A3.4.1-1]
Service I limit state, ηi = 1.0, gravity load factors = 1.0
a. Live-Load Deflection Criteria (optional) [A2.5.2.6.2]
b. Section Properties at Location 104 Transformed cracked section from Section
7.10.3, Part I.5b:
c. Estimated Live-Load Deflection at Location 104 Assume deflection is
maximum where moment is maximum.
d. Dead-Load Camber [A5.7.3.6.2]
J. Investigate Strength Limit State
1. Flexure
a. and b. Prestressed Beams Not applicable.
c. Factored Flexural Resistance [A5.7.3.2, Table A3.4.1-1] Exterior
girder has slightly larger moment.
d. Limits for Reinforcement
2. Shear (Assuming No Torsional Moment)
a. General Requirements
b. Sectional Design Model [A5.8.3]